roman emperors/ the crazy emperors mr. hawthorne western civilization
TRANSCRIPT
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Roman Emperors/Roman Emperors/The Crazy EmperorsThe Crazy Emperors
Mr. HawthorneWestern
Civilization
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The Julio-Claudian Emperors(Successors of Augustus)
• Tiberius (adopted son of Augustus)– Ruled 14- 37 AD
• Caligula (grand-nephew of Tiberius)– Ruled 37- 41
• Claudius (uncle of Caligula)– Ruled 41- 54
• Nero (step-son of Claudius)– Ruled 54- 68
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Tiberius (ruled 14-37 AD)• Distinguished general• Adopted by Augustus,
since he was “out of relatives”
• Forced to divorce his wife and marry Augustus’ daughter, Julia
• Long reign created stability during transition after Augustus
• Struggled with remnants of Republic—appointed people to hold the offices of consul, senator, etc.
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Caligula (ruled 37-41 AD)• Designated emperor by
Tiberius• Lacked leadership
qualities and abilities• Grew up in a military
setting• Ruled with cruelty and
violence—called a “monster” and drained the treasury
• Murdered in 41 AD by own guards
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Caligula• Well-liked & then
became ill-almost died• When came back-
determined to prove immortality– sat in temples– dressed as one of the gods– engaged in conversations
with gods
• Elected horse (Incitatus) to senate or consul
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Caligula Cont’d• Humiliated senators
making them serve him & sisters like slaves
• Alex was his idol . . . built bridge of boats over Bay of Baiae & rode horse across wearing Alex’s breastplates
• Assassinated after 4 years of rule by guards in secret passage(pg. 191)
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Claudius (ruled 41-54 AD)
• Succession backed military force– Insistence for
emperor• Changed Roman
government: enrolled men in Senate from a province outside of Italy and employed freed slaves
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Claudius Cont’d
• Cowering behind curtain when chosen as emperor
• Birth defect/seizure gave him deformed physique, shaking head, strange expressions, & stammering speech
• Problem with drinking, gambling, & women– Fourth marriage was
to his niece
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Nero (ruled 54-68 AD)
• Took over at 16• Musician and actor• Popular with the poor—
sponsored public festivals and handed out cash
• Unpopular—drained the treasury, excessive charges of treason
• Commanders in the provinces rebelled and brought down regime, Nero commits suicide
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Nero Cont’d• Killed his mother & numerous senators who he
felt threatened by (195)• Confiscated people’s estates• In disguise, roamed streets at night, mugging,
stealing & sexually assaulting people• Divorced & exiled first wife-married mistress,
had head of ex brought to new wife• Kicked pregnant wife to death• Blamed for burning down Rome to build his
estate - Known for “Devil Went Down to Georgia”
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More Nero!!!• First to persecute
Jews & Christians • Trapped people in
his own concerts for days at a time
• Abandoned by all, stabbed himself in throat before he was captured
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The Pantheon
Once a temple to Roman gods,today the Pantheon is a Christian church
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Hadrian’s Wall
Many stones have been removed for other building projects
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The Colosseum
An amphitheater capable of seating 50,000(often used for gladiatorial contests)
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Inside the Colosseum
Underground vaults and tunnels were usedto house animals and slaves
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The Appian Way
This was the first major
Roman road - it connected
Rome with SE Italy
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Roman aqueducts
This Roman-built structure is in modern-day France and was powered by gravity (descended only 17 meters over 31 miles)