role of coal in turkey - unece
TRANSCRIPT
Slide 1Mücella ERSOY Turkish Coal Enterprises
Workshop on Best Practices in Production of Electricity from Coal , 29 October 2015, Geneva
ROLE of COAL in TURKEY
OUTLINE- Role of Coal in Turkey
Production and Use of Coal
• Total Coal Production, Import and Consumption
• Share in Primary Energy Production
• Production By Coal Types
• Use of Coal – Share in Primary Energy Mix
– Share in Electricity Generation
Coal Policies and Strategies
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Role of Coal
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
(1 0
0 0
t )
2013 Production: 60.4 Mt (Hardcoal: 2 Mt; Lignite:57.5 Mt; Asphaltite: 0.9 Mt) Import:27 Mt Consumption: 84,5 Mt
Hardcoal 3%
Lignite 44%
Asphaltite 1%
Wood +Waste
Total Coal Share: 48%
Hardcoal (1000 t) Lignite (1000 t)
Aspaltite (1000 t) Total Coal (1000 t)
(1 0
0 0
Coal Production
Lignite Reserves: 14.76 Billion ton Hardcoal reserves: 1.3 Billion ton (517,5 Mt proved)
Primary Energy Supply : 120,1 Mtoe
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Role of Coal - in Energy Mix of Turkey (2012)
Total Coal Share: 29% Raw Data: 2013 Energy Balance Table of MENR
Role of Coal - in Energy Mix of Turkey (2013) - n Electricty Generation (2014)
Hardcoal 15%
Lignite 11%
Oil 2%
N.Gas 49%
Total coal based Capacity(2014): 14,636 MW Total capacity: 69,519,8 MW
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Sector
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Power 33.777 48.319 49.709 60.536 65.685 62.894 55.436 60.333 55742 47120
Industry 5.409 3.202 4.896 5.006 4.553 6.142 7.753 6.634 5894 3746
Household 5.399 4.807 5.309 6.602 4.890 6.530 5.983 6.976 6637 4245
Total Lignite
Usage 44.823 56.571 60.184 72.317 75.264 75.641 69.239 73.933 68.461 55201
Sectoral Lignite Usage (1000 ton)
2013
Power 85%
Industry 7%
Heating 8%
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Sector 1980 1990 2000
Total Hardcoal Usage
Sectoral Hard Coal Usage (1000 ton)
2013
Power 43%
Coke 20%
Industry 17%
Heating 20%
TURKEY
• Requirement for developing existing domestic coal resources for ENERGY SECURITY
• Commitments for promoting ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY USAGE of low quality coal – Harmonisation of Turkish Legislation on coal, electricity and
environment with EU legislation including Kyoto Protocol
• COMPETITIVENESS with the other imported energy resources, particularly with natural gas
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
• High dependency on foreign energy: %73 • High dependency on technology • High demand growth in energy and electicity
KEY DRIVERS for Defining Coal Policy in TURKEY - Energy Security
Foces to increase share of domestic resources By using and developing clean coal technologies
77
54
46
Primary Energy Cons.(ktpe) Domestic Share (%)
KEY DRIVERS for Defining Coal Policy in TURKEY - Commitments for Environmental Friendly Usage
Turkish ROM Lignite Characteristics 3%
70%
22%
Kcal/kg
• Requirement for ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY USAGE of low quality coal by promoting Clean Coal Technologies
• Carry out commitments of environmental legislation
• Regulation on “Industrial Air Pollution Control “ (Official Gazette: 03 July 2009, no 27277) •Regulation on “Large Combustion Plants” (Official Gazette: 08 June 2010, no 27605) which covers emission limits PM, SO2, NOx, CO (9 years transition period for exisiting PP) • The Regulation on “Monitoring of GHG Emissions” (Official Gazette: 25 April 2012, no 28274)
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
COAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES in TURKEY
High level papers
(5 years development plan, medium and short term programs, strategy papers, national climate change action plan )
Focus on policies how to decrease dependency on energy; give high priority to increase
share of domestic resources by using clean energy technologies
– To acceralate installing domestic lignite based power plants by using high efficient clean coal
technologies – To increase coal exploration studies; – To increase coal washing capacity; – To maintain the momentum at R&D studies on CCT (particularly on coal gasification &liquid
fuel production technologies) – To improve investment incentives for coal based power plants – To do rehabilitation of the existing coal-fired power plants
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
COAL- RELATED STRATEGY PAPERS
ELECTRICITY MARKET and SECURITY of SUPPLY STRATEGY PAPER (2009)
• Priority to usage domestic energy resources for electricity generation.
• “All existing the domestic coal reserves will have been used for electricity generation purpose by the year 2023”.
• The share of nuclear power plants in electricity generation will be targeted to reach minimum 5 percent until 2020
• renewable energy resources have a share of minimum 30 percent in electricity generation by the year 2023.
• As a result of the measures to be taken for the use of indigenous and renewable energy resources, the share of natural gas in our electricity generation will be targeted to be reduced to less than 30 percent.
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Policies and Strategies to reduce CO2 emissions
• Inclusion of Policies and strategies for Development of R&D studies to reduce CO2 emissions
• Turkey became a party to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (24 May 2004)
• Kyoto Protokol was signed in May 2009
• National Climate Change Strategy Document for the years 2010-2020 approved by the Higher
Planning Council in 2010
• Harmonisation of Turkish regulation with EU coal, electricity and environment related regulation is underway.
• To improve energy efficiency (Energy Efficiency law put into effect)
• To incease share of Renewables (renewables law)
• To install new power plants with high technology
Policies and Strategies to Reduce Emissions
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Overview of Domestic Coal-Fired Power Plants - Installed before the year of 2000.
Mücella Ersoy, TGEF- WGIII Meeting, 11 April 2013, TOBB, Ankara
Plant Name
Installed Cap.
1 Seyitomer 4x150 Lignite
2 Tuncbilek (B 4-5) 2x150 Lignite 1977;1978 PC-Sub-critical 33.23 No
3 Yatagan 3x210 Lignite 1983;1983;1984 PC-Sub-critical 35.07 Yes
4 Afin Elbistan-A 3x340
5 Soma B 6x165 Lignite
1981;1982;1985;1985
7 Çayrhan 2x150; 2x160 Lignite
1987;1987; 1998;
1,2 units
10 Orhaneli 210 Lignite 1992 PC-Sub-critical 27 Yes
11 Kemerkoy 3x210 Lignite 1994;1994;1995 PC-Sub-critical 34.51 Yes
* 2013 actual efficiency values- EUAS
Overview of Coal-Fired Power Plants New Builts (Installed after the year of 2000).
Mücella Ersoy, TGEF- WGIII Meeting, 11 April 2013, TOBB, Ankara
Plant Name
13 Afin Elbistan-B 4x360 Lignite 2009 PC 39
14 Colakoglu Metalurji 190
15 18 Mart-Can 2x160 Lignite 2003 CFB 41
16 Silopi 1x135 Asphaltite 2009 CFB 38
17 Biga-Degirmencik 3x135
18 ZETES-1 160
19 ZETES-2 2x615
20 Bekirli- Canakkale 2x600
21 Atlas Energy 2x600
22 Izdemir-Aliaga 350
TOTAL 14571
ZETES-1 Power Plant&Biga: CFB
ZETES-2 & Bekirli Power Plants; zdemir, Atlas En.: PC-Super –Critical
Sugozu, &Dilovas: PC
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
42 37
0
10
20
30
40
50
39 36
41 37
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Thermal Efficiencies of Imported- Coal Based Power Plants (%)
Technology for all new lignite based power plants which are under construction : CFB
Technology for most new imported hardcoal based power plants which are under construction : Supercritical
- COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT’s TECHNOLOGIES and EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
High Technology to reduce CO2 Emissions (1% efficiency increase 2% CO2 reduction)
+ EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOGIES: ESP, DeSOx, DeNOx
CONCLUSION
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
• Increasing of energy demand and dependency to foreign energy resources are the main issues of Turkey.
• Coal is the the most important energy resource in Turkey,
• usage of domestic coal, particularly for electricity generation, has to be increased.
• however its quality is quite low, requires promotion of more efficient, clean coal technologies
Workshop on Best Practices in Production of Electricity from Coal , 29 October 2015, Geneva
ROLE of COAL in TURKEY
OUTLINE- Role of Coal in Turkey
Production and Use of Coal
• Total Coal Production, Import and Consumption
• Share in Primary Energy Production
• Production By Coal Types
• Use of Coal – Share in Primary Energy Mix
– Share in Electricity Generation
Coal Policies and Strategies
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Role of Coal
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
(1 0
0 0
t )
2013 Production: 60.4 Mt (Hardcoal: 2 Mt; Lignite:57.5 Mt; Asphaltite: 0.9 Mt) Import:27 Mt Consumption: 84,5 Mt
Hardcoal 3%
Lignite 44%
Asphaltite 1%
Wood +Waste
Total Coal Share: 48%
Hardcoal (1000 t) Lignite (1000 t)
Aspaltite (1000 t) Total Coal (1000 t)
(1 0
0 0
Coal Production
Lignite Reserves: 14.76 Billion ton Hardcoal reserves: 1.3 Billion ton (517,5 Mt proved)
Primary Energy Supply : 120,1 Mtoe
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Role of Coal - in Energy Mix of Turkey (2012)
Total Coal Share: 29% Raw Data: 2013 Energy Balance Table of MENR
Role of Coal - in Energy Mix of Turkey (2013) - n Electricty Generation (2014)
Hardcoal 15%
Lignite 11%
Oil 2%
N.Gas 49%
Total coal based Capacity(2014): 14,636 MW Total capacity: 69,519,8 MW
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Sector
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Power 33.777 48.319 49.709 60.536 65.685 62.894 55.436 60.333 55742 47120
Industry 5.409 3.202 4.896 5.006 4.553 6.142 7.753 6.634 5894 3746
Household 5.399 4.807 5.309 6.602 4.890 6.530 5.983 6.976 6637 4245
Total Lignite
Usage 44.823 56.571 60.184 72.317 75.264 75.641 69.239 73.933 68.461 55201
Sectoral Lignite Usage (1000 ton)
2013
Power 85%
Industry 7%
Heating 8%
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Sector 1980 1990 2000
Total Hardcoal Usage
Sectoral Hard Coal Usage (1000 ton)
2013
Power 43%
Coke 20%
Industry 17%
Heating 20%
TURKEY
• Requirement for developing existing domestic coal resources for ENERGY SECURITY
• Commitments for promoting ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY USAGE of low quality coal – Harmonisation of Turkish Legislation on coal, electricity and
environment with EU legislation including Kyoto Protocol
• COMPETITIVENESS with the other imported energy resources, particularly with natural gas
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
• High dependency on foreign energy: %73 • High dependency on technology • High demand growth in energy and electicity
KEY DRIVERS for Defining Coal Policy in TURKEY - Energy Security
Foces to increase share of domestic resources By using and developing clean coal technologies
77
54
46
Primary Energy Cons.(ktpe) Domestic Share (%)
KEY DRIVERS for Defining Coal Policy in TURKEY - Commitments for Environmental Friendly Usage
Turkish ROM Lignite Characteristics 3%
70%
22%
Kcal/kg
• Requirement for ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY USAGE of low quality coal by promoting Clean Coal Technologies
• Carry out commitments of environmental legislation
• Regulation on “Industrial Air Pollution Control “ (Official Gazette: 03 July 2009, no 27277) •Regulation on “Large Combustion Plants” (Official Gazette: 08 June 2010, no 27605) which covers emission limits PM, SO2, NOx, CO (9 years transition period for exisiting PP) • The Regulation on “Monitoring of GHG Emissions” (Official Gazette: 25 April 2012, no 28274)
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
COAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES in TURKEY
High level papers
(5 years development plan, medium and short term programs, strategy papers, national climate change action plan )
Focus on policies how to decrease dependency on energy; give high priority to increase
share of domestic resources by using clean energy technologies
– To acceralate installing domestic lignite based power plants by using high efficient clean coal
technologies – To increase coal exploration studies; – To increase coal washing capacity; – To maintain the momentum at R&D studies on CCT (particularly on coal gasification &liquid
fuel production technologies) – To improve investment incentives for coal based power plants – To do rehabilitation of the existing coal-fired power plants
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
COAL- RELATED STRATEGY PAPERS
ELECTRICITY MARKET and SECURITY of SUPPLY STRATEGY PAPER (2009)
• Priority to usage domestic energy resources for electricity generation.
• “All existing the domestic coal reserves will have been used for electricity generation purpose by the year 2023”.
• The share of nuclear power plants in electricity generation will be targeted to reach minimum 5 percent until 2020
• renewable energy resources have a share of minimum 30 percent in electricity generation by the year 2023.
• As a result of the measures to be taken for the use of indigenous and renewable energy resources, the share of natural gas in our electricity generation will be targeted to be reduced to less than 30 percent.
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Policies and Strategies to reduce CO2 emissions
• Inclusion of Policies and strategies for Development of R&D studies to reduce CO2 emissions
• Turkey became a party to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (24 May 2004)
• Kyoto Protokol was signed in May 2009
• National Climate Change Strategy Document for the years 2010-2020 approved by the Higher
Planning Council in 2010
• Harmonisation of Turkish regulation with EU coal, electricity and environment related regulation is underway.
• To improve energy efficiency (Energy Efficiency law put into effect)
• To incease share of Renewables (renewables law)
• To install new power plants with high technology
Policies and Strategies to Reduce Emissions
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
Overview of Domestic Coal-Fired Power Plants - Installed before the year of 2000.
Mücella Ersoy, TGEF- WGIII Meeting, 11 April 2013, TOBB, Ankara
Plant Name
Installed Cap.
1 Seyitomer 4x150 Lignite
2 Tuncbilek (B 4-5) 2x150 Lignite 1977;1978 PC-Sub-critical 33.23 No
3 Yatagan 3x210 Lignite 1983;1983;1984 PC-Sub-critical 35.07 Yes
4 Afin Elbistan-A 3x340
5 Soma B 6x165 Lignite
1981;1982;1985;1985
7 Çayrhan 2x150; 2x160 Lignite
1987;1987; 1998;
1,2 units
10 Orhaneli 210 Lignite 1992 PC-Sub-critical 27 Yes
11 Kemerkoy 3x210 Lignite 1994;1994;1995 PC-Sub-critical 34.51 Yes
* 2013 actual efficiency values- EUAS
Overview of Coal-Fired Power Plants New Builts (Installed after the year of 2000).
Mücella Ersoy, TGEF- WGIII Meeting, 11 April 2013, TOBB, Ankara
Plant Name
13 Afin Elbistan-B 4x360 Lignite 2009 PC 39
14 Colakoglu Metalurji 190
15 18 Mart-Can 2x160 Lignite 2003 CFB 41
16 Silopi 1x135 Asphaltite 2009 CFB 38
17 Biga-Degirmencik 3x135
18 ZETES-1 160
19 ZETES-2 2x615
20 Bekirli- Canakkale 2x600
21 Atlas Energy 2x600
22 Izdemir-Aliaga 350
TOTAL 14571
ZETES-1 Power Plant&Biga: CFB
ZETES-2 & Bekirli Power Plants; zdemir, Atlas En.: PC-Super –Critical
Sugozu, &Dilovas: PC
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
42 37
0
10
20
30
40
50
39 36
41 37
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Thermal Efficiencies of Imported- Coal Based Power Plants (%)
Technology for all new lignite based power plants which are under construction : CFB
Technology for most new imported hardcoal based power plants which are under construction : Supercritical
- COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT’s TECHNOLOGIES and EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
High Technology to reduce CO2 Emissions (1% efficiency increase 2% CO2 reduction)
+ EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOGIES: ESP, DeSOx, DeNOx
CONCLUSION
Mücella Ersoy, CEP Best Practices Workshop, 29 Oct 2015, Geneva
• Increasing of energy demand and dependency to foreign energy resources are the main issues of Turkey.
• Coal is the the most important energy resource in Turkey,
• usage of domestic coal, particularly for electricity generation, has to be increased.
• however its quality is quite low, requires promotion of more efficient, clean coal technologies