robbins pathology notes

7/23/2019 Robbins Pathology Notes

1/48

3

[OKKGJ\ ]CÂOIOFW

VVV.]CÂFXW.LOD

FHJH[CI ]CÂOIOFW Kcsgl dhlacjgsds ob ngshcsh

\W\^HDGL ]C AOIOFW5

3. Lhii gjeury ob nhcta

;. Gjbicddctgoj

. Gddujopctaoiofy

8. Jutrgtgojci pctaoiofy

2. Fhjhtglci nhvhiopdhjtci pctaoiofy

6. Jhopicsgc

1. Gjbhltgous ngshcshs

NG\HC\H5 Ioss ob aodhostcsgs

]CÂOIOFW5 \^XNW OB ngshcsh

H^GOIOFW5 Lcush

]CÂOFHJH\G\5 Hvhjts ihcngjf to tah nhvhiopdhjt ob ngshcsh

\WD]ÔD\5 ig`h jcushc, ahcnclah .lacjfh tact you bhhi

\GFJ\5

\^[H\\ LHII- CNC]^C^GOJ

GJEX[W-[HRH[\GKIH CJN G[[HRH[\GKIH

CNC]^C^GOJ5

Ayphrpicsgc5 orfcj gs kgffhr nuh to judkhr ob lhiis

Ayphrtropay5 orfcj gs kgffhr nuh to sgzh ob lhii
http://www.pathguy.com/http://www.pathguy.com/http://www.pathguy.com/


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;

Ctropay5 nhlrhcsh gj sgzh ob lhiis

Dhtcpicsgc5 gjvoivhs lacjfh ob ojh `gjn ob tgssuh to cjotahr kut stgii

wgtagj tah fhjhrci tgssuh typh

]\HXNO\^[C^GBGHN LOIXDJC[ LGIGC^HN \^[C^GBGHN

H]G^AHIGCI \SXCD\CI H]G^AHIGCI

Cjcpicsgc5 c rhvhrsgoj ob ngbbhrhjtgctgoj gj lhiis tact gslacrclthrgstgl ob dcigfjcjly gj tudours

Lhii pcrts /bujltgojs Ruijhrckih to gjeury5

3. Chrokgl rhspgrctgoj

;. Dhdkrcjhs. Fhjhtgl dcthrgci (NJC)

C. Aypoxgc5 sodhtagjf posshss c ngsruptgoj ob chrokgl rhspgrctgoj

DO\^ LODDOJ [HC\OJ IHCN\ LHII GJEX[W G\ AW]OQGC

Lcushs5 3.gslahdgc5

;. Aypoxhdgc5 Icl` ob oxyfhj


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)2OA;) Aynroxycpctgth cltgvcth,

prothcshs, paospaoigpcsh, hjnojulihcshs, C^]csh iysosodh

dhdkrcjh brclturh lhii nghs

Lhiiuicr swhiigjf

Bctty clluduictgoj sgfj ob rhvhrsgkih lhii gjeury

]rhlgpgtctgoj ob aynroxycpctgth

Ngsruptgoj ob [H[ & sgfj ob grrhvhrsgkih gjeury

[upturh ob iysosodh dhdkrcjh

DGL[O\LO]GL \GFJ\ OB LHII NHC^A5

3. ]y`josgs5 liudpgjf ob julihus@cryoahxgs5 brcfdhjtctgoj ob julihus sgfj ob grrhvhrsgkih lhiigjeury@cryoiysgs5 ngssoiutgoj ob julihus

;. Clgngl lytopicsd-]GJ@

^W]H\ OB JHL[O\G\5

3. LOCFXIC^GRH JHL[O\G\5-Lhiiuicr outigjh prhshrvhn bor c saort wagih-Hjzydctgl krhc`nowj acithn ky clgngl ]A;. IGFJHBGLC^GOJ OB JHL[O\G\5 (K[CGJ)

-Lhiis gjto soup-Hjzydctgl krhc`nowj lodpihthn

GJBICDDC^GOJ5Bour prgdcry sgfjs

^XDO[5 swhiigjf/Hxuncths

[XKO[5 [hnjhss/vcsongictgoj

LCIO[5 Ahct/vcsongictgoj

NOIO[5 ]cgj

Lhii nhcta boiiowhn ky gjbicddctgoj (sthrhotyphn rhspojsh to gjeury)

to lojtcgj ngiuth nhstroy lcush ob gjeury rhpcgrs cbthr

ncdcfhn tah pcrt.


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>

^W]H\ OB GJBICDDC^GOJ5

CLX^HDgjuths/aours/ncys cbthr tahgjeury-dcx ob 6 ncys

Rcsluicr lacjfhshxunctgvh rhihcsh obhxuncths

Jhutropagi(VKL)

LA[OJGLDojtas cjn yhcrs

]roigbhrctgvh gjlrhcshs

sgzh ob lhiis Dojolyth/dclropacfh

< Gdportcjt Hvhjts ob cluth gjbicddctgoj

3. Rcsluicr lacjfhs

C. vcsongictgoj

K. gjlrhcshs gj phrdhckgigty hxuncth4 (pihjty ob vcsluicr prothgj cjn

sphlgbgl frcvgty 9 3.=;=)

;. Lhiiuicr cltgvgty

-lahdo tcxgs5 Ky ush ob lahdglci sgfjcis jhutropagis crh dovhn

-pacfolytosgs5 lcush ob gjeury

-Nhfrcjuictgoj5 iysosodh hjzydhs

Lhiiuicr dhngctors5

3. Jhutropagis;. Dojolyths

. Orngjcry tgssuh lhiis


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Lahdglci dhngctors5

C. crclagjnojgl Clgn dhtckoigths(paospaoigpgns cjn lhii dhdkrcjhs)K. vcsocltgvh lahdglcis

L. lyto`gjhsN. iysosodci hjzydhs

C[CLAGNOJGL CLGN Lyliooxyfhjcsh

prostcficjngj (]F\)

Igpo oxyfhjgshIhu`otrghjh (I^)

L8c

]rostcficjngjs LAHDO^CL^GL

Ihu`otrghjh

GfF (cjtgnoth)

L


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2

L

I^N> Gjlrhcsh vcsluicr phrdhckgigty

I^H>

I^K> lahdotcltgl

^Qc;-]icthiht cffrhfctgoj

]rostclyligj-vcsongictgoj

\hrotojgj -vcsocltgvh

Lyto`gjhsgs

Doj `gjhsgs lahdotcltgl

Iydpa `gjhsgs

Kota jhutropagis cjn dclropacfhs crh lcj nhfcrcjuicth

Jhutropagis cjn dclropacfhs/dojolyths crh rhspojn tolahdotcltgl lpns.

Jhutropagi gs tah bgrst lhii typh to crrgvh ct sgfat ob gjeury.

LA[OJGL GJBICDDC^GOJ5

-Dorh tacj 6 ncys


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6

-lcush ob gjeury jot jhutrcigzhn/rhdovhn

Gj larojgl gjbicddctgoj kioon vhsshis crh khlodh ihc`y

\odh slcrgjf gs ciso nhvhiophn gj tags larojgl gjbicddctgoj

Dclropacfhs crh pacfolytgl tahy acvh aufh cpphtgth

3. ^ahy acvh iojfhr igbh spcj;. ^ahy lcj rhpronulh


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1

- Dclropacfhs ioo` ig`h hpgtahigcn lhiis (joj-dotgih

dclropacfhs)

-Fgcjt lhiis (busgoj ob cii hpgtahigci lhiis)

^yphs ob frcjuiodc lhiis

C. Frcjuiodc wgta shpcrctgoj5K. Frcjuiodc wgta lcsshctgoj (lhjtrh gs ollupghn ky nhcn lhiis tact

rhshdkih lahhsh(nry cjn pihjty)L. Frcjuiodc wgta borhgfj kony (Hx5 spigtthr ob woon)

C.^G\\XH [H]CG[5

^yphs ob lhiis (cllorngjf to ckgigty to rhpronulh)

3. Ickgih lhii (Hx5 dhdkrcjci cjn hpgnhrdci lhiis);. \tckih lhii (orfcj lodpihtgjf nhvhiopdhjt cjn stckih ngvgngjf

cfcgj HQ5 Igvhr lhii)


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Bgkrgjofhj nhposgts strulturci lodpojhjt ob slcr gs loiicfhj

]rothofiylcjs

L. nhposgtgoj ob loiicfhj

;. \lcr bordctgoj5

Frcjuictgoj tgssuh

D]s

Bgkrokicst

Lcpgiicrghs spojfy

HLD

Loiicfhj

\LC[ BO[DC^GOJ5 rhnultgoj gj HLD, lcpgiicrghs ob otahr lodpojhjts

-gjlrhcsh loiicfhj nhposgtgoj wagla ihcns bordctgoj ob slcr

VOXJN AHCIGJF53. Gjbicddctory stcfh

Cbthr tah >1 aoursDclropacfhs dorh gjto tah sgth ob gjeury

;. ]roigbhrctgvh stcfh 5c. frcjuictgoj tgssuh bordctgojk. rh-hpgtahigcigzctgoj


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3=

;jn

gjthjtgoj ahcigjf5

-Hxcfcrhjt frcjuictgoj

-`hiogn bordctgoj

-Hxlhssgvh lojtrcltgoj

;. BIXGN OB AHDONWJCDGL

NHC[[CJFHDHJ^\5

3.Joj-gjbicddctory hnhdc

;. ^arodkosgs


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Lcushs ob joj-gjbicddctory hnhdc5

3. Gjlrhcsh gj picsdc aynrostctgl prhssurh (A])

HQ5 vhjous tarodkosgs

;. [gfat sgnh ahcrt bcgiurh


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3;

][GJLG]IH\ OB AHCDO\^C\G\

3. Rcsluicr spcd

;. 3\^ (prgdcry) achdostcsgs

Rcj wgiih krcjn bcltor (rhihcshn ky gjeurhn hjnotahigud)cltgvcth picthihts picthihts nhfrcjuithCN] cjn ^arodkoxcjh C; (^xc;)-dc`h picthihts stgl`y, picthihtpiuf bordctgoj,]B< (picthiht bcltor jo


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3>

Roiudh ob kioon gj krcgj-jordci

Ngfhstgvh orfcj-rhnulhn

Duslihs-gjlrhcshn

\^CFH\ OB \AOL@5

3. lodphjscthn stcfh 5(joj-profrhssgvh) khst bor lorrhltgoj stgii gjckih to bujltgoj rhnultgoj gj lcrngcl bgiigjf rhnultgoj gjlcrngcl output rhnultgoj gj crthrgci kioon prhssurh

c. vcsolojstrgltgoj(tclaylcrngc4rcpgn ahcrtkhct )k. Oigfurgc5

([hnultgoj gj urgjh bordctgojto lojshrvh kony biugns)

]ctghjt s`gj turjs frhy, looi to toula, swhctgjf rcpgnahcrtkhct cjn rhnultgoj gj urgjh tahsh crh sydptods borlodphjscthn saol`.

Gj tags saol` K.] gs dcgjtcgjhn

;. ]rofrhssgvh stcfh5 systhdgl aypoxgc (gb tahrh gs jo oxyfhj)lhiis sagbt to cjchrokgl rhspgrctgoj clluduictgoj ob icltgl clgn

(nhlrhcsh gj ]a clgngl) rhnultgoj ob vcsodotor lojtroi crhc ob

krcgj (wagla lojtrois biugn ihvhis ob kony) crthrgoihs ngicths

vhjuihs rhdcgj lojstrglthn (vglgous lgrlih/lylih cpphcrs)

Gj bgrst stcfh dglrolgrluictgoj gs cbbhlthnGj shlojn stcfh crthrgoihs crh ngicthn cjn vhjuihs crh lojstrglthn.Kioon gs trcpphn gj dglrolgrluictgoj khlcush crthrgoihs crh ngicthncjn ihss wgii kh ihcvgjf vhjuihs crh lojstrglthn


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Iow kioon prhssurh ihcns to aypoxgc ncdcfh lhiisgjlrhcsh vcsongictgoj cjn tahj iow kioon prhssurh brod aypoxgcgjlrhcsh gj biugn goj gjlrhcsh gj vcsluicr phrdhckgigtyncdcfh to lcpgiicrghs aypoxgc.

^W]H\ OB LG[LXICÔ[W \AOL@5

3. Aypovoihdgl saol`5 rhnulgjf gj hbbhltgvh kioon voiudh. Hx5kioon ioss, vodgtgjf wgta ngcrraohc. Kurjs ciso lcush ioss obkony biugns

;. Lcrngofhjgl saol`5 rhnulgjf lcrngcl output (crraytadgcs). \hptgl saol`5 gjbhltgoj ky frcd jhfctgvh kclthrgc. âgs gs ciso

phrgpahrci vcsongictgoj.8. Cjcpayicltgl saol`5 vhry shvhrh to ciihrfghs. âgs gs ciso

phrgpahrci vcsongictgoj.gt gs jordci eust sdcii pcrt hbbhlthn. Gt gssysthdctgl, ciihrfghs khlodh vhry shrgous ihcns to nhcta.

GDDXJG^W (GDDXJG^W \W\^HD)5GJJC^HGDDXJG^W

CNC]^GRHGDDXJ^W

3 Joj-sphlgbgl rhspojsh ]ctaofhj ob cjtgfhjsphlgbgl rhspojsh

; Hxposurh ihcns todcxgdud rhspojsh

^gdh icf khtwhhjhxposurh ob dcxgdudrhspojsh

Jo gddujoiofglcidhdory nhvhiops

Nhvhiops gddujoiofglcidhdory nhvhiops

8 Hx5 sodh igvgjf tagjfs Hx5 ojiy bor dcj

Bujltgojs ob gjjcth gddujh systhd53. Gt rhlrugts wkl to sgth ob gjeury;. [hdovh borhgfj lhiis ob borhgfj sukstcjlhs

3 cjn ; crh pcrt ob cluth gddujh systhd


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>. Cltgvcth cncptgvh gddujh systhd tahrh cjtgfhj prhlgpgtctgoj

Lhiis ob gjjcth gddujgty5

3. Dcst lhiis5

-rhihcsh agstcdgjhs-vcsongictgoj cjn gjlrhcsh vcsophrdgckgigty gj cluthgjbicddctgoj

;. ]acfolyths5

-hct borhgfj lhiis +jhutropagis

-Gjbhlthn lhiis + dojolyths/D]

. Jcturh `giihr lhiis (J@)

-tudour lhiis

-vgrci gjbhlthn lhiis

Cjctodglci kcrrghrs5

3. \`gj 5gjliunh swhctgjfNhfrcjuictgoj

;. Fcstro gjthstgjci trcltsAynrolaiorgl clgn stodcla (ngfhstgvh hjzydhs)

Kgih -sdcii gjthstgjh (phrgstcisgs)

. Xrgjcry trclt5 (urgjctgoj)


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Gts jot so hbbhltgvh


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37

Donhi bor lhii

Cltgoj gj tah gddujh rhspojsh

3. [hlofjgtgoj (cuto gddujh ngsornhr);. Nhbhjlh

][[s5 ]ctthrj rhlofjgtgoj rhlhptors

]CD]s5]ctaofhj cssolgcthn doihluicr pctthrj

Igpopoiyscllacrgnhs5

Igpothglaogl clgn + phptgnh fiylcj

Gj audcj bicfhiic kclthrgci bicfhiic bicfhiigj

Julihgl clgn vcrgcjts gs (noukih stcjncrn [JC) tahj gt gs gj audcjs gb

gt gs sgjfih stcjncrn tah gj otahr orfcjgsds

NCD]s5 ncdcfh cssolgcthn doihluicr pctthrj

]rothgjs

C^]

NJC Outsgnh tah lhiis tahsh crh ncdcfh.

Cncptgvh gddujgty5

3. Audorci cjtgkony rhspojsh;. Lhii dhngcthn rhspojsh

Bgrst `gjn ob iydpaolyth (VKL) G\5 K lhii (jcgvh,

]icsdc dhdory pronulh gddujofiokuigj (Gf cjtgkony)

\hlojn `gjn ob lhii5

^ lhii stcrt igbh lylih, (kojh dcrrows taydus)

Ahiphr ^ lhii (^a/LN>)

Lytotoxgl ^ (^l/LN1)


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;=

\upprhssor ^ (^s/ rhlf)

PLiusthr nhsgfjctgoj judkhr LN-;=T

CJ^GFHJ5

Borhgfj lhiis gs lciihn cjtgfhj gs rhspojsgkih bor gddujh systhd.

Xsuciiy cjtgfhj gs c prothgj.

]oiy scllacrgnh

Fiyloprothgj

Igpgn+prothgj

-kgffhr tah doihluih acvh dorh cjtgfhj.

Gddujofiokuigj/cjtgkonghs5

-Ciso prothgjs

-pronulhn ky picsdc (cltgvh K) lhiis


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;3

Gflicsshs (gddujofiokuigj licsshs)5

3. GfF 18%

-gjthrjci kony biugns

-lcj piclhjtci kcrrghr

-Gjto bohtci lgrluictgoj

-cltgvcth lodpihdhjt


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;;

;. GfC

-hxthrjci shlrhtgoj

-dulosc

. GfN rhlhptors oj K lhii dhdkrcjhs

8. GfH cttrclts to dcst lhii

-dhdkrcjhs rhihcsh agstcdgjh

BXJL^GOJ\ OB Gf\5

3. Lodpihdhjt cltgvctgoj;. Jhutrcigzctgoj. Cffiutgjctgoj


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;1 6;

aours tc`hs)


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;>

Dcst lhii rhihcsh agstcdgjh wagla gjlrhcsh vcsongictgoj orvcsluicr phrdhckgigty.Cjn lcush sdoota duslih lojtrcltgoj hx5 cstadc gj tags

krojlagoihs ob iujfs crh lojtrclthnCJ^GFHJ 4 Ciihrfhjs

\tgduius/cjtgfhj gs lciihn ky shvhrci jcdhs g.h. Loz typh 3ayphrshjsgtgvh rhcltgojs ciso lciihn ciihrfy rhcltgojs.

;jnCiihrfy + shjsgtgvh dcst lhii agstcdgjhs

\ydptods5 vcsongictgoj, vcsluicr phrdhckgigty,sdoota duslih lojtrcltgoj.Gt gs iolci lhrtcgj pcrts crh ciihrfgl (or) systhdgl waoih kony hbbhlts

;)CJ^GFHJ LHII DHNGC^HN5

K. orfcj trcjspicjt rhehltgojL. Cuto gddujh achdoiytgl cjchdgc (rhnultgoj ob jo ob[KL)


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;8

) ^ lhii nhicyhn ayphr shjsgtgvgty5

Krutojs Q-igj`hn c fcddcfiokuigjhdgc.

-Fhjhtgl ngsornhr5 gjckgigty gj pronulh -lhiis

-Nhbhltgvh Q-larodosodh


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;2

-Jo K-lhiis

^aydgl aypopicsgc5

-ujnhr nhvhiophn taydus

-nhbhltgvh ^ lhiis shvhrh lodkgjhn gddujonhbglghjly (\LGN)

-Jo K & ^ lhiis.CGN\5

-^crfht oj Ln>-Jot c fhjhtgl ngsornhr

Cuto gddujh ngshcshs5

-\ysthdgl iupus Hrytahdctous (\IH)-Gf\ Cfcgjst owj NJC-jo lurh

Ngckhtgl dhiigtus typh 35 cjtgkonghs cfcgjst khtc lhiis.

GJBHL^GOX\ NG\HC\H\5]crcsgth aost rhictgojsagp (lo hvoiutgojcry rhictgojsagp)

khtwhhj pctaofhj cjn audcjKclthrgcRgrus]rotozocjs]crcsgth5 hxtrclt jutrghjt dcthrgci brod aost

]crcsgth aost

Loddhjscigsd sydkgosgs


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;6

Gdportcjt pctaofhj prgjlgpihs5

Cshxuci rhpronultgoj5

-lhii ngvgsgoj

-(C dgtosgs/kgjcry bgssgoj)


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;1

\hxuci rhpronultgoj5

Fctahrgjf jhw fhjhtgl dcthrgci

3. Lojeufctgoj;. Iysofhjgl lojvhrsgoj or dcy kh trcjsnultgoj

[hqugrhs kclthrgopacfh gt gs c vgrus


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;7

-[JC ojiy

Lcpsgn prothgj

Hjvhioph igpgns ob prothgjs

-Lhii dhdkrcjh ob aost

RG[CI Duitgpiglctgoj

3. Cttcladhjt;. ]hjhtrctgoj. Kgosyjtahsgs8. Csshdkiy2. [hihcsh

RG[XIHJ\H

Kclthrgc5

3. Hxohjzydhs5 (ngssoivh loiicfhj)Locfuicsh bgkrgjofhj bgkrgj (kioon liot)@gjcsh ngssoivh bgkrgjAyciurgjgncsh ayciurojgl clgn (lhdhjt ob lhiis)Ihlgtagjcsh ihlgtagj (cttcla to paospaoigpgns oblhii dhdkrcjhs)Jhlrotgjf hjzydh ^gssuh nhstrultgoj

;. ^oxgjs5


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K3 (^agcdgjh)K< (Jgclgj) Vcthr soiukihL

NC Bct soiukih

K3 (tagcdgjh)5

Jhhnhn bor5

3. LAO lctckoigsdCdgjo clgn lctckoigsd

;. ]ronultgoj ob clhtyilaoigjh

Nhbglghjly ngsornhr-KH[G KH[G

C. Nry Khrg-Khrg]hrgpahrci jhuropctay

Ncdcfh to phrgpahrci jhrvous systhdGb gts dgin tgjfigjf ob dcturhn hxcdgtghs---------shvhrh Vrgst nropLhjtrci jhrvous systhd------------Nhdhjtgc

K. wht Khrg-Khrg - Hnhdc (swhiigjf)

K< (Jgclgj)5

3.Lodpojhjt ob JCN ob JCN]

;. NJC rhpcgr


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>=

3. Iolctgoj5

;. Bujltgoj5

-K-jordci bujltgoj - D-jo bujltgoj

Gjlrhcsgjf pronultgoj Nhlrhcsgjf pronultgoj

-]gtugtcry ficjn

-FA

. Lclahxgc5

-fhjhrcigzhn whc`jhss ob wcstgjf gj kony

-Xsuciiy dcigfjcjt

-Nuh to pcrcsgtgsd ob tah jhopicsd

Ngbbhrhjlh khtwhhj khjgfj/dcigfjcjt

KHJGFJ DCIGFJCJ^

Lhiis crh whii Cjn jot whii ngbbhrhjtgcthn-pihodorpagl-vcrgctgojs gj tah sacphs cjn sgzhs

Ngbbhrhjtgcthn cjn dcturh Cjcpicsgc gs gddcturh-rctgo khtwhhj julihcsh oblytopicsd-brhquhjt ckjordci dgtosgs


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>3

;. [cth ob frowta5

K-siowD-Bcst

Iolci gjvcsgoj5

K iolci

\tcys gj piclh ob orgfgj

Hxpcjsgvh frowta

. Dhtcstcsgs-

Gt lcj hstckigsa shlojncry frowta lhjtrh hishwahrh gj tah kony

c. Achdctofhjous sphlgcik. Iydpactgll. [upturh tagj icyhr

DOIHLXIC[ KC\G\ BO[ LC[LGJOFHJH\G\5

3. Lcushn ky joj-ihtaci Fhjhtgl ncdcfh to tah lhii;. Dojoliojci hxpcjsgoj/frowta ob dcigfjcjt lhii


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>;

-stop lhii ngvgsgoj- Fucrngcj ob tah fhjodhD\A;-Larodosodh ;DIA3-Larodosodh


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robbins pathology notes

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