Roadmap for 5G Enhancements

to Communication Technology

FIIF Future Avenues - Aalto University

October 25th, 2016

Harri Holma, Fellow

Nokia Bell Labs

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USA, Japan

UK

France, Germany

Finland

Korea, Sweden

Latvia

Mobile data usage per subscription per month

Finland #1 in Mobile Data Usage – Great Starting Point for 5G

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5.0 5.0

3.6 3.5

2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.71.3 1.2 1.2 1.2

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4

0

1

2

3

4

5

6Ja

pan

Fin

lan

d

Ko

rea

Ch

ina

Fran

ce

Ger

man

y

USA

Ru

ssia UK

Sau

di

Netherla…

UK

USA

Arg

enti

na

Arg

enti

na

Ken

ya

Co

lom

bia

Sect

ors

pe

r 1

00

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Network density benchmarking

Korea, Japan,

Scandinavia

Europe, NAM

Africa, Latin

America

• Highest BTS density in

Korea, Japan,

Scandinavia and China

• Medium density in Europe

and North America

• Lowest density in Africa

and Latin America

• BTS density is very

relevant for network

capacity and coverage

Finland #1 in Base Station Density – Great Starting Point for 5G

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5G Requirements and New 5G Business Models

10 yearson battery

100 Mbpswhenever needed

Ultrareliability

10-100x more devices

10 000x more traffic

M2Multra low cost

>10 Gbpspeak data rates

<1 msradio latency

Massivemachine

communication

ExtremeMobile

Broadband

Critical machine

communication

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#2 Massive MIMO

Five Key Technology Components of 5G

#1 New spectrum

300 MHz

3 GHz

30 GHz

10 GHz

90 GHz

10 cm

1m

1 cm

3 mm

#3 Flexible frame design

User #3

User #2

User #5

User #2

User #4

Us

er #

1

User #5

Us

er #

1time

fre

qu

ency

User #3

One tile corresponds to the smallest user allocation

Dt

Df

#4 Multi-connectivity

#5 Distributed architecture

Gateway

• Lean carrier

• Flexible size,

control, TDD,

bandwidth etc

5G

LTE

Wi-Fi

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5G Coverage Footprint

5G <1 GHz

LTE800

LTE1800

5G 3500 mMIMO

5G mm-waves

• Full coverage with below 1 GHz

• Match LTE 2 GHz with 5G 3.5 GHz massive MIMO

• Extreme local capacity with mm waves

Deep

indoor

High rates with

LTE site grid

Extreme local

data rates

100 Mbps

1 Gbps

10 Gbps

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Simulations at 28 GHz– 1.6 Gbps Average User Data Rate with 800 MHz and Dual Stream MIMO

Inter-Site Distance 50, 70

and 100 m

2000 4000 6000

• 28 GHz frequency

• 800 MHz bandwidth

• 8x2 MIMO antenna

• 2 users per cell

Average

1.6 Gbps

Cell edge

0.6 Gbps

• Average data rate 1.6 Gbps

• Cell edge 0.6 Gbps

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Measurements at 28 GHz – Outdoor to Outdoor

A = 700 m line-of-sight (LOS)

B = 800 m non-LOS

C = 450 m LOS

D = 450 m VLOS

E = 350 m NLOS

F = 300 m LOS

G = 300 m LOS

I = 570 m VLOS

J = 750 m NLOS

K = 860 m NLOS

L = 350 LOS

1 Gbps with 300-700 m

line-of-sight connection

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Latency Evolution

• Strong evolution in latency with

new radios

• HSPA latency 20 ms

• LTE latency 10 ms

• 5G latency 1 ms

• Low 5G latency requires new

radio and also new architecture

with local content0

5

10

15

20

25

HSPA LTE 5G

ms

End-to-end latency

Transport + core

BTS processing

UE processing

Scheduling

Buffering

Uplink transmission

Downlink transmission

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Example Live LTE Network Latency MeasurementsTeliasonera Network in Helsinki

• 80% of end-to-end latency in Sonera network in Helsinki is caused

by LTE radio

• If Sonera deploys 5G radio on the current backhaul architecture,

there will be a major latency improvement.

Ping 11.1 – 13.8 msSpeedtest 13 ms

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• Antenna

• RF

• Low layers

Ethernet transport

Antenna site Transport

• Higher radio layers

• Multiconnectivity

• Interference management

• Mobile edge computing

• Distributed core

Local cloud

Nokia AirFrame

data center

Nokia AirScale

base station

Architecture Evolution to Cloud Radio

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5G Brings Major Improvement in Energy Efficiency

-40% -80%-55%

• Network level power savings

-50% at the typical operation

point of 10..20% network

utilization (over 24h period

and whole network)

• Idle base station power

savings -80%

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iPhone 7 Teardown RF partsLTE

baseband

Bluetooth /

Wi-Fi

Memory

Application

processor

Trans-

ceivers

RF

diversity

LTE modem is very small

part of smartphone

complexity and just 7%

of direct cost

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5G Schedule in 3GPP

5G study items

completed

L1/L2 freeze.

Non-standalone

Standalone higher

layers, new core

Massive IoT, critical

communication

2017 2018 2019 2020

5G above

40 GHz

Release 15 Release 16 Release 17

2016 2021

Release 18

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Verizon Trial Specs Available http://www.5gtf.org/

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Qualcomm Snapdragon X50

• 5 Gbps with 800 MHz and MIMO

• 28 GHz

• Paired with 1 Gbps LTE modem with dual connectivity

• Sampling 2H/2017

• Commercial products 1H/2018

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5G Contributions in 3GPP in January-August 2016

050

100150200250300350400450500

Nokia Huawei Ericsson Samsung Qualcomm Intel ZTE LG Electr

SA1 SA2 SA3 RAN1 RAN2 RAN3 RAN4

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Great Discoveries by Solving Great Challenges in Communications and Networking

Bell Labs: A rich history of breakthrough innovations

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Beyond 5G… in India

Reliance India network is ready

for 6G – September 2016

Vodafone India considers 7G with

space roaming – June 2016

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Thank You!