roadcare mobile application...universiti sultan zainal abidin, terengganu, malaysia may 2018 i...
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ROADCARE MOBILE APPLICATION
NURSHAHIRAH AISHAH BT ABD RAHIM
BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
(SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT)
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
2018
ROADCARE MOBILE APPLICATION
NURSHAHIRAH AISHAH BT ABD RAHIM
Bachelor of Computer Science (Software Development)
Faculty of Informatics and Computing
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
MAY 2018
i
DECLARATION
I, Nurshahirah Aishah Binti Abd Rahim (BTAL15040403) hereby declare that the project work
entitled Roadcare Mobile Application submitted to the Faculty of Informatics & Computing,
UniSZA, is a record of an original work done by me under guidance of Dr. Siti Sabariah Binti
Abas, lecturer at Faculty Informatics & Computing, UniSZA. This project is the work of my
own excluded for the references document and summaries that have been acknowledge.
Name: …………………………………..
Date: ……………………………………
ii
CONFIRMATION
This is to confirm that: The research conducted and the writing of this report was under my
supervision.
Name: ………………………………
Date: ………………………………..
iii
DEDICATION
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim,
Alhamdulillah. Thanks to Allah SWT, for giving me the opportunity to complete my Final
Year Project entitled Roadcare Mobile Application. Firstly, I would like to express my deepest
thanks and appreciation to my supervisor, Dr. Siti Sabariah Binti Abas for her guidance and
support. Not to forget, I also like to thanks all my panels for the precious comment and suggestions
pertaining on this project. Last but not least, I would like to extend my thanks to my parents and
friends that always support and encourage me to complete this project
iv
ABSTRACT
Road damage is commonly caused by heavy rain and increased truck traffics. Road damages
such as cracks, shoulder drop-off, slick roads and formation of shallow pothole can cause
severe damage or an accident. Therefore, it is important to keep the road in a good condition
and all the damaged to be fixed. Citizens might report road damage that they encounter, but it
could get difficult when there are so many constructor’s phone number to remember. The
concept of this system is to help citizens to roster complaints of the road damage using mobile
application. The application will provide interface to file the complaints and admin will deliver
them to municipal authority and let the authorities of municipal resolve the problem as early as
possible. They do not have personally go to the office to complaint or on the web portal with
many detailed inputs. It is very convenient way for citizens as they just can simply update the
complaints on their smartphones. They can post pictures of road damage along with tagged
GPS location and then check redressed updates from admin. In realizing this situation,
technologies such as android and Global Positioning System (GPS) will be used to solve this
problem. This application uses native mobile application program that has been developed for
use on a particular platform or device. In conclusion, smartphone user can simply use this
application to address a report about the road damage near them so that more life can be save.
v
ABSTRAK
Kerosakan jalan kebiasaanya disebabkan oleh hujan lebat dan kenderaan berat yang lalu-
lalang. Kerosakan jalan seperti jalan retak, bahu jalan runtuh, jalan licin dan pembentukan
lubang boleh menyebabkan kemalangan. Oleh itu, penting untuk kita memastikan jalan dalam
keadaan baik dan semua kerosakan perlu dibaiki. Untuk membuat sesuatu laporan tentang
jalan rosak, pengguna jalan raya perlu menelefon kontraktor dan ia menjadi suatu masalah
bagi pengguna jalan untuk mengingati nombor tekefon kontraktor. Konsep utama sistem ini
adalah untuk membantu pengguna jalan raya membuat laporan tentang kerosakan jalan
melalui telefon pintar. Mereka tidak perlu ke pejabat laporan ataupun membuat laporan di
laman web. Dengan aplikasi ini, mereka boleh membuat laporan dengan mudah dan cepat.
Mereka boleh memuat naik gambar jalan rosak dan memilih lokasi kerosakan jalan di peta.
Teknologi seperti GPS digunakan bagi memudahkan mereka memilih lokasi di peta.
Kesimpulannya, pengguna telefon pintar boleh membuat laporan tentang kerosakan jalan
dengan segera supaya dapat menyelamatkan nyawa orang lain.
vi
CONTENTS
DECLARATION.................................................................................................................................... i
CONFIRMATION ................................................................................................................................ ii
DEDICATION...................................................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... iv
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................................................. v
CONTENTS.......................................................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF TABLE ............................................................................................................................... viii
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................. ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................. x
LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER 1 .......................................................................................................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Project Background ................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Problem Statement ................................................................................................................. 2
1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 3
1.4 Scope......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Limitation of Work ................................................................................................................. 5
1.6 Expected Result ....................................................................................................................... 5
1.7 Appendix .................................................................................................................................. 6
CHAPTER 2 .......................................................................................................................................... 8
LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................ 8
2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Research on Global Positioning System (GPS) .................................................................... 9
2.3 Research on Android Operating System............................................................................. 10
2.4 Research on Google Maps API ............................................................................................ 11
2.5 Research on existing system ................................................................................................. 12
2.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 16
CHAPTER 3 ........................................................................................................................................ 17
METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 17
3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 18
3.3 System Requirement and Specification ............................................................................... 21
3.4 System Design ........................................................................................................................ 22
vii
3.4.1 Framework ......................................................................................................................... 22
3.5 Process Model ........................................................................................................................ 23
3.5.1 Context Diagram (CD) ......................................................................................................... 23
3.5.2 Dfd Level 0 .......................................................................................................................... 24
3.5.3 Dfd Level 1 .......................................................................................................................... 27
3.5.4 Entity Relationship Diagram ................................................................................................ 31
3.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 32
CHAPTER 4 ........................................................................................................................................ 33
IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULT .......................................................................................... 33
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 33
4.2 Prototype ................................................................................................................................ 34
4.3 Technique ............................................................................................................................... 37
4.4 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 38
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................ 39
viii
LIST OF TABLE
TABLE NAME PAGE
2.1 Research 1 18
2.2 Research 2 19
2.3 Research 3 20
2.4 Research 4 21
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES NAME PAGE
1.1 Gantt Chart
3.1 Iterative Model 26
3.2 Framework 29
3.3 Context Diagram 30
3.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 0 31
3.5 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Manage User 34
3.6 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Make a Complaint 35
3.7 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Manage Complaint 36
3.8 Entity Relationship Diagram 38
4.1 Login for User and Complaint Form Interfaces 41
4.2 Search Location and Navigation Interfaces 42
4.3 User’s Complaint Details Interface 43
4.4 Google Maps API by Using Android Studio 44
x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CD Context Diagram
DFD Data Flow Diagram
ERD Entity Relationship Diagram
GPS Global Positioning System
JKR Jabatan Kerja Raya
xi
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX TITLE PAGE
A Milestone 6
B Gantt chart 7
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background
Nowadays, a mobile phone has become the essential part of our life. It is one of the
revolutionary inventions of the mankind. People have benefited enormously from the
appearance of mobile technology. With a mobile phone, people can make a phone call, send
texts and provide information about the location.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a device that is capable of receiving
information from GPS satellites which is then calculate the device’s geographical position. Itis
a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all
weathers conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth. In this modern world, GPS is already
provided in the mobile phone. A mobile phone user can use GPS to figure out exactly where
they are and to get directions to where they are going. GPS can pinpoint the location, give
directions to the destination and provide information about the nearby location.
The RoadCare application is a mobile application that provides an interface to file a
complaint where a user can post a picture of the damaged road along with tagged GPS location.
This application use Google Map Android APIs JavaScript V2 to get location map. With GPS
they can pinpoint their current location on the map and share in the application. Users have to
put in the type of complaint which will then be automatically categorised under emergency,
normal or complicated. Once users have registered a complaint, they can view the status of
their complaint; whether it is successful or pending. This application allows for quicker and
more effective action to be taken by admin and JKR on citizen’s report of unsatisfactory road
conditions.
2
1.2 Problem Statement
Basically, there are many online systems that help the citizens to make a complaint
about the damaged road. However, it is quite troublesome for citizens to lodge a complaint
online as it is not a mobile friendly. Otherwise, they can go directly to Jabatan Kerja Raya
office to file the complaint manually. Therefore, more time is required if they want to file the
complaint.
Moreover, most road accidents are caused by severe road conditions. Poorly
maintenance roadways can create an enormous hazard to drivers which can cause injuries and
deaths.
Lastly, it is a problem for citizens to remember JKR’s phone number to file the
complaint about the road damages as it is very difficult to remember an unimportant and long
phone number. Thus, this application is very convenient for user as they can complaint about
the damage road quickly and efficiently using the mobile phone.
3
1.3 Objectives
Generally, the aim of RoadCare Mobile Applicationis to develop an application for
citizen to lodge complaints about the damage roads. The main objectives of the project are as
follows:
a) To develop an application that enable user to file the complaint easily using a
mobile phone.
b) To implement the application that able to read the user location.
c) To test the application whether it can help in tracking location of damage road using
GPS detection.
4
1.4 Scope
The application involves the citizen, admin and JKR.
i. Citizen
Able to log in the system.
Able to make complaint about the road damage
Able to pinpoint the current location in the map.
Able to upload picture of the road damage.
Able to view status of the complaint.
ii. Admin
Able to log in the system.
Able to view the complaints.
Able to assign complaints to JKR.
iii. JKR
Able to log in the system.
Able to view the complaints.
Able to update status of complaint
5
1.5 Limitation of Work
i. Android Device
The application is for Android Operating System devices. The only device that uses
Android Operating System can use this application.
ii. Wi-Fi or Data Connectivity
The application needs an internet connection to load the map or location
1.6 Expected Result
The expected results of the project are the complaint can be easily reported using an
application on a mobile phone. By using the GPS function, this mobile application enables the
user to pinpoint the current location on the map. The user also can fix the location on the map
by dragging the position on the map to a more accurate location.
6
1.7 Appendix
Milestone Date Status
Topic Discussion and Determination Week 1 Completed
Project Title Proposal Week 2 Completed
Proposal Writing – Introduction Week 3 Completed
Proposal Writing – Literature Review Week 4 & Week 5 Completed
Proposal Progress Presentation & Evaluation Week 6 Completed
Discussion & Correction Proposal &
Proposed Solution Methodology
Week 7 Completed
Proposed Solution – Methodology
(Continued)
Week 8 Completed
Proof of Concept Week 9 Completed
Drafting Report of the Proposal Week 10 & Week 11 Completed
Submit draft of report to supervisor Week 12 Completed
Seminar Presentation Week 13 Completed
Report Correction Week 14 Completed
Final Report Submission Week 15 Completed
A
7
B
8
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter discusses the reading, analysing, evaluating, and summarizing scholarly
materials of the existing studies that related to the RoadCare Mobile Application. The idea
from previous studies will help to meet the objectives of RoadCare Mobile application.
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2.2 Research on Global Positioning System (GPS)
GPS was designed by the United State (US) military. The concept started in the late
'60s but the first satellite was not launched until February 1978. In 1989 the Magellan
Corporation introduced the first hand-held GPS receiver. In 1992 GPS was used in Operation
Desert Storm. On March 1996 the President decided to make GPS free for civilian users [1].
GPS is the suitable technology that can be used to subscribe others location as it can
locate and track. It’s also provides global coverage and actual location. GPS also enables
automatic vehicle location and in-vehicle navigation systems that are widely used throughout
the world today [2]. By combining GPS position technology with systems that can display
geographic information or with systems that can automatically transmit data to display screens
or computers, a new dimension in surface transportation is realized [3].
Many nations use GPS to help survey their road and highway networks, by identifying
the location of features on, near, or adjacent to the road networks. These include service
stations, maintenance and emergency services and supplies, entry and exit ramps, and damage
to the road system. The information serves as an input to the Geographic information system
data gathering process. This database of knowledge helps transportation agencies to reduce
maintenance and service costs and enhances the safety of drivers using the roads [4]. By
combining GPS with mobile communications, a whole new category of industry has sprung
up; location-based services. This can mean finding the nearest toilet, hooking up with a blind
date, keeping track of your running and cycling times or golf shots, or getting a review for the
restaurants near you[5].
10
2.3 Research on Android Operating System
Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touch screen mobile
devices such as smart phones and tablet computers, developed by Google in conjunction with
the open handset alliance. Initially developed by Android Incorporated, whom Google
financially backed and later purchased in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007 along with the
founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 86 hardware, software, and
telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices [6].
Android has a large community of developers writing applications ("apps") that extend
the functionality of the devices. Developers write primarily in a customized version of Java.
Apps can be downloaded from third-party sites or through online stores such as Google Play
(formerly Android Market), the app store run by Google. In October 2011, there were more
than 500,000 apps available for Android, and the estimated number of applications downloaded
from the Android Market as of December 2011 exceeded 10 billion. Android became the
world’s leading smartphone platform at the end of 2010. For the first quarter of 2012, Android
had a 59% smartphone market share worldwide. At the half of 2012, there were 400 million
devices activated and 1 million activations per day. Analysts point to the advantage to Android
of being a multi-channel, multi-carrier OS [7].
Android supports a touch screen and is difficult to use without one. User can use a
trackball for some navigation, but nearly everything is done through touch. Android also
supports multi-touch gestures such as pinch-to-zoom. That said, Android is flexible enough
that it could potentially support other input methods, such as joysticks (for the Android TV) or
physical keyboards [8].
11
2.4 Research on Google Maps API
Recently in late 2012 Google released a new version of its flagship maps API, Google
Maps Android API v2. Initially Google Maps Android API v2, was released with humongous
amount of bugs, which were later on fixed in Feb 2013 release. Google Maps Android API v2
is not released as a part of Android APIs, instead it’s released as a part of Google Play Services
SDK.
With the Google Maps Android API, user can add maps based on Google Maps data to
user’s application. The API automatically handles access to Google Maps servers, data
downloading, map display, and response to map gestures. User can also use API calls to add
markers, polygons, and overlays to a basic map, and to change the user's view of a particular
map area. These objects provide additional information for map locations, and allow user
interaction with the map. This documentation is designed for people familiar with Android
development and object-oriented programming concepts. User should also be familiar with
Google Maps from a user's point of view [9].
12
2.5 Research on existing system
This is some of the existing systems that related to RoadCare Mobile Application. This
can be a guideline or a sample to upgrade or to develop a new better system compared to the
old one.
Author
Pavan Gorade, Digambar Karde, Poonam Khilare, Abhishek
Sontakke, Prof.Ranjana M.Kedar
Title Real Time Pothole Tracking System Using Android Smart Phone.
[10]
Year 2014
Description Pothole Tracking System investigates an application of mobile
detecting and reporting the surface conditions of roads. It describes
a system to monitor this important civil infrastructure using an
android based smart phone. The pothole tracking system uses the
inherent mobility of the participating smart phone by the citizen,
opportunistically gathering data from image clicking from an
android based smart phone which is GPRS enabled, and processing
the data to assess road surface conditions. Using a simple geotagging
technique which is a feature of android OS, it show that we are able
to identify potholes and other severe road surface anomalies from
images clicked by the citizens and uploaded by the same application
on the server.
Method/Module Global Positioning System (GPS)
Advantage It’s easy for the citizens to complaint the potholes and doesn’t need
to go for long process of complaining. Corporations are having
evidence to all the work done or doing.
Disadvantage The initiative, however, has drawn flak from citizens for its limited
use. Symbian and Blackberry users will have to wait for this
application as it is only meant for android users.
Table 2.1: Research 1
13
Author
Trupti Bomble, Ritika Raut, Ruchi Kanekar, Prof.Shekh Ahmad
Husen
Title Android Based Complaint Management System For Municipal
Corporation. [11]
Year 2015
Description The main purpose of this project is to help the public in knowing
their place details and getting their problems solved in online without
going to the officer regularly until the problem is solved. By this
system the public can save his time and eradicate corruption in
government offices. Its main purpose is to provide a smart and easy
way through Android Application for Complaint registration and its
Tracking and eradicating Bribing system and thus to prevent
Corruption.
Method/Module Global Positioning System (GPS), Global System for Mobile
Communications (GSM)
Advantage a) In this tech-savy world this application can help citizens to
register their complaints easily and in a very short period of
time.
b) Tracking the progress of complaint would be easy.
c) It will reduce the time and effort for registering the complaint
manually.
d) It is cost effective and user friendly
Disadvantage Fake problems can be entered and there is no possibility to verify
before solving the problem
Table 2.2: Research 2
14
Author
Dhaval Gherwada, Vipul Shah, Deep Shah, Prof. Harsh N. Bhor
Title Mobile Application Interface to Register Citizen Complaint. [12]
Year 2015
Description Android Application Mobile interface which can be used to lodge
complaints. The main idea is to make use of the existing web
infrastructure and to provide an easy, cheap and quick mode of
complaint registration. The proposed system will enable the citizens
of city to lodge complaints anytime, anywhere. Citizen can lodge
complaints related to solid waste management, drainage, storm water
drain, roads & traffic factories, license issues, water supply, pest
control, and building encroachment.
Method/Module Mobile Application, Global Positioning System (GPS), Server,
Communication Network
Advantage a) It requires no change in the already existing web portal to
lodge complaints.
b) Doesn’t require the citizens to remember any specific
information to lodge their complaints.
Disadvantage a) This poses a major problem in the sense that the user tries to
fit his complaint intone of the predefined drop downs. This
results in a wrong fit and the complaint being directed to the
wrong department which in turn affects the time taken to
resolve the problem.
b) The need for the user to be aware of the ward number,
additionally the user needs to have access to networked
computer.
Table 2.3: Research 3
15
Author
Anand Kulkarni , Naved Khan , Ajinkya Modak
Title Voice Enabled Android Application for Traffic Complaint and
Pothole Notification System Using GPS and GSM-GPRS
Technology. [13]
Year 2014
Description The application will take the user complaints by using voice recognition
system including the vehicle registration number so as to ease the
process of vehicle recognition and it will append the following data with
user’s current location (i.e. current longitude and latitude) in SMS
format and will send the message to server as well as the concerned
authority’s android device.
Method/Module Speech recognition, Global Positioning System (GPS)
Advantage a) The complaint can be made immediately by the commuters
with the help of this GPS based system on a mobile platform.
b) The exact position which is obtained GPS will help the
relevant authorities to find the location of a particular road
problem with higher accuracy level.
Disadvantage The particular street might be a long lane, thus making it difficult for
the authorities to look for the exact location of the problem.
Table 2.4: Research 4
16
2.6 Conclusion
This chapter discusses the information about the study on the past research, comparison on
existing system, research on technique that will be use in the project such as GPS, and article on
the website that related to this project. This study is more to focus on the development and guide
to a successfully project. Thus, all the research will help in the development of RoadCare Mobile
Application.
17
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
This chapter explains the methodology adopted in this project. Research on this topic
is made to understand how RoadCare Management application in android works using an
Iterative Model. This project uses an Iterative Model which involves planning and requirement
phase, system requirement analysis phase, system design phase, system implementation phase.
Testing phase and deployment phase.
18
3.2 Methodology
In the iterative model, the process starts with a simple implementation of a small set of
the software requirements and iteratively enhances the evolving versions until the complete
system is implemented and ready to be deployed. This model allows the project to be build and
improve step by step. Hence, developers can track the defects at early stages so that can avoid
the downward flow of the defects.
1) Planning and requirement
The project planning phase is a first phase in the project life cycle. The first step
is go through an initial planning stage to map out the specification documents, establish
hardware or software requirements, and generally prepare for the upcoming stages of the
life cycle.
2) System Requirement Analysis
The requirement analysis phase is encompasses the requirements to perform the
task. In this phase, the limitations of this project are identified and new requirement for
application that will be developed is recognize. The clear imagination of objective,
details of scope and function of system development project is analysed. The concept
of the GPS technology is also analysed to understanding more about the concept of GPS
in mobile phone.
3) System Design
In the design phase, Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), framework
diagram, and ERD diagram are designed to know more detailed about the flow of
system. The design phase also occurs here, establishing any technical requirements that
wil be utilized in order to meet the needs of analysis phase.
4) System Implementation
With the planning and analysis out of the way, the actual implementation and
coding process is begin. The implementation phase is also known as code generation
phase. This phase involves the real system development based on the design that has
been planned in the system design phase. All planning, specification, and design
19
documents up to this point are coded and implemented into this initial iteration of the
project.
5) Testing
Once this current build iteration has been coded and implemented, the next step
is to go through a series of testing procedures to identify and locate any potential bugs
or issues that have cropped up. During the testing phase, faulty elements of the software
can be quickly identified because a few changes are made within any single increment.
6) Deployment
In the deployment phase, the application will be released to end users to
implement whether the application is well functioning. The application is installed in
the smartphone. After all the functions of the application is testing and the functions is
working well, then the application is ready to go live.
20
Figure 3.1: Iterative Model
21
3.3 System Requirement and Specification
System requirements and specification is a description of a software system to be
developed. System requirement lays out the requirements needed in order to achieve this
project. The hardware and software requirements are lists below.
3.2.1 Hardware
i. Laptop with:
Processor: Intel Core i3 7th Generation
RAM: 4 GB
OS version: Windows 32/64 bit
External Hard disk
ii. USB drive
iii. Android Phone
3.2.2 Software
i. Android Studio
ii. Ionic
iii. Notepad++
iv. Google Chrome
v. Microsoft Word 2010
vi. Microsoft PowerPoint 2010
vii. Dropbox
viii. Java
ix. Edraw Max
x. MySQL
xi. MySQL Workbench
xii. Firebase
22
3.4 System Design
The design is the creation of a plain for the construction of an object or an application.
Besides, the design also can define as an approach to achieve the goal. In this project, the design
will be presented by framework, process model and data model.
3.4.1 Framework
Figure 3.3.1 shows the framework for the RoadCare Mobile Application. The design
shows the workflow of the whole process for the application. It shows the guideline for the
user (Citizen, Admin and JKR). Firstly, the user needs register to the application database.
During registration phase, the user needs to enter a name, mobile number, email and password.
The data then will be saved in the database. The data will be used to compare with newly
registered username to avoid same ID username being use. If the login is a success, then the
user authenticate is successful. The users then can perform the activities in this application.
Figure 3.2: Framework
23
3.5 Process Model
3.5.1 Context Diagram (CD)
Figure 3.3: Context Diagram
Description:
The context diagram for RoadCare Mobile Application is shown in the figure above. The
ROADCARE MOBILE APPLICATION process is at the centre of the diagram. The three
entities (CITIZEN, CONTRACTOR, and ADMIN) are placed around the central process.
Nineteen data flows are involved in the interaction between the central process and the entities.
The CITIZEN entity has five incoming data flow, CITIZEN CONFIRMATION, CITIZEN
CONFIRMATION, CITIZEN INFORMATION, COMPLAINT STATUS, and COMPLAINT
INFORMATION. The outgoing data flows are CITIZEN DATA, CITIZEN DATA, CITIZEN
DATA and COMPLAINT DATA. The CONTRACTOR entity has three incoming data flow
and three outgoing data flow. The incoming data flows are CONTRACTOR
CONFIRMATION, CONTRACTOR CONFIRMATION, and COMPLAINT
INFORMATION. The outgoing data flows are CONTRACTOR DATA, CONTRACTOR
DATA, and COMPLAINT STATUS. The ADMIN entity has two incoming data flow,
COMPLAINT INFORMATION, ADMIN CONFIRMATION. The outgoing data flows are
ADMIN DATA and COMPLAINT DATA.
0
RoadCare Mobile Application
CITIZEN
ADMIN
CONTRACTOR
citizen data
citizen confirmation
citizen data
citizen confirmation
citizen data
citizen information
complaint information
complaint data
complaint status
contractor data
contractor confirmation
contractor data
contractor confirmation
complaint status
complaint information
admin data
admin confirmation
complaint data
complaint information
24
3.5.2 Dfd Level 0
Figure 3.4: Data Flow Diagram Level 0
1.0
Register
CITIZENcitizen data
D1
citizen information
citizen confirmation
CONTRACTOR
2.0
Login
CITIZEN
D2 CONTRACTOR
3.0
Manage User
citizen confirmation
5.0
Manage Complaint
4.0
Make A Complaint
contractor confirmation
contractor confirmation
citizen data
citizen confirmation
citizen data
citizen information
citizen information
citizen information
complaint data
complaint information
D4 COMPLAINT
ADMIN
CITIZEN
D3 ADMINadmin data
admin confirmation
complaint information
complaint information
complaint status
complaint status
CONTRACTOR
complaint data
complaint information
contractor data
contractor data contractor information
contractor confirmation
contractor information
contractor confirmation
admin information
admin confirmation
complaint information
complaint status complaint status
complaint information complaint information
complaint information
25
Description:
The DFD has three entities which are CITIZEN, CONTRACTOR and ADMIN. REGISTER,
LOGIN, MANAGE USER, MAKE A COMPLAINT, MANAGE COMPLAINT and
GENERATE REPORT are six processes involved in the system. There are four data stores
created in the system which is CITIZEN, CONTRACTOR, ADMIN, and COMPLAINT.
1. CITIZEN enters CITIZEN DATA into REGISTER process which output
CITIZEN INFORMATION into CITIZEN data store. Then, CITIZEN data
stores send CITIZEN INFORMATION to REGISTER process. REGISTER
process sends CITIZEN INFORMATION to CITIZEN. ROADCARE enters
ROADCARE DATA into REGISTER process which output CONTRACTOR
INFORMATION into CONTRACTOR data stores. CONTRACTOR data stores
send CONTRACTOR CONFIRMATION to REGISTER process. Then,
REGISTER process sends CONTRACTOR CONFIRMATION to
CONTRACTOR.
2. When CITIZEN inputs the CITIZEN DATA, a process named LOGIN will send
CITIZEN INFORMATION to the CITIZEN data store. CITIZEN data stores send
CITIZEN CONFIRMATION to LOGIN process. Then, LOGIN process sends
CITIZEN CONFIRMATION to CITIZEN. CONTRACTOR enters
CONTRACTOR DATA into LOGIN process which output CONTRACTOR
INFORMATION into CONTRACTOR data stores. CONTRACTOR data stores
send CONTRACTOR CONFIRMATION to REGISTER process. Then,
REGISTER process sends CONTRACTOR CONFIRMATION to
CONTRACTOR. ADMIN enters ADMIN DATA into LOGIN process which
output ADMIN INFORMATION into ADMIN data stores. ADMIN data stores
send ADMIN CONFIRMATION to REGISTER process. Then, REGISTER
process sends ADMIN CONFIRMATION to ADMIN.
3. CITIZEN enters CITIZEN DATA into MANAGE USER process which output
CITIZEN INFORMATION into CITIZEN data store. Then, CITIZEN data
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stores send CITIZEN INFORMATION to MANAGE USER process.
MANAGE USER process sends CITIZEN INFORMATION to CITIZEN.
4. When CITIZEN inputs the COMPLAINT DATA, a process named MAKE A
COMPLAINT will send COMPLAINT INFORMATION to the COMPLAINT
data store. COMPLAINT data stores send COMPLAINT INFORMATION to
MAKE A COMPLAINT process. Then, MAKE A COMPLAINT process sends
COMPLAINT INFORMATION to COMPLAINT.
5. ADMIN insert COMPLAINT DATA to MANAGE COMPLAINT process and
send COMPLAINT INFORMATION to COMPLAINT data stores.
COMPLAINT data store sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to ADMIN
and CONTRACTOR. CONTRACTOR then enters the COMPLAINT STATUS
into MANAGE COMPLAINT process which output COMPLAINT STATUS
into COMPLAINT data store. Then, COMPLAINT data store sends
COMPLAINT STATUS to MANAGE COMPLAINT process which output
COMPLAINT STATUS into CITIZEN.
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3.5.3 Dfd Level 1
Manage user
Figure 3.5: Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Manage User
Description:
1. When CITIZEN enter CITIZEN DATA, a process named MANAGE PROFILE will
send CITIZEN INFORMATION to CITIZEN data store. Then, CITIZEN data store
sends CITIZEN INFORMATION to MANAGE PROFILE process and MANAGE
PROFILE process sends CITIZEN INFORMATION to CITIZEN.
2. CITIZEN enters OLD PASSWORD AND NEW PASSWORD to CHANGE
PASSWORD process. Then, CHANGE PASSWORD process sends PASSWORD
INFORMATION to CITIZEN data stores. CITIZEN data store sends PASSWORD
INFORMATION to CHANGE PASSWORD process. CHANGE PASSWORD
process sends PASSWORD INFORMATION to CITIZEN.
CITIZEN
3.1
Manage Profile
D1 CITIZEN
3.2
Change Password
citizen data
citizen information
citizen information
citizen information
old password and new password
password information
password information
password information
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Make a complaint
Figure 3.6: Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Make a Complaint
Description
1. When CITIZEN enter LOCATION DATA, a process named SEARCH LOCATION
will send LOCATION INFORMATION to COMPLAINT data store. Then,
COMPLAINT data store sends LOCATION INFORMATION to SEARCH
LOCATION process and SEARCH LOCATION process sends LOCATION
INFORMATION to CITIZEN.
2. CITIZEN enters COMPLAINT DATA to ADD COMPLAINT process. Then, ADD
COMPLAINT process sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to COMPLAINT data
stores. COMPLAINT data store sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to ADD
COMPLAINT process. ADD COMPLAINT process sends COMPLAINT
INFORMATION to CITIZEN.
3. CITIZEN enters COMPLAINT DATA to ADD COMPLAINT process. Then,
UPDATE COMPLAINT process sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to
COMPLAINT data stores. COMPLAINT data store sends COMPLAINT
INFORMATION to UPDATE COMPLAINT process. UPDATE COMPLAINT
process sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to CITIZEN.
4.1
Search LocationCITIZEN D4 COMPLAINT
4.2
Add Complaint
4.3
Update Complaint
location data
location information
location information
location information
complaint data
complaint information
complaint information
complaint information
complaint data
complaint information complaint information
complaint information
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Manage Complaint
Figure 3.7: Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Manage Complaint
ADMIN
5.1
View Complaint
D4 COMPLAINT
complaint data
complaint information
complaint information
5.2
Assign Contractor
CONTRACTOR
5.3
View Complaint
5.5
View Status
5.4
Update Status Complaint
CITIZEN
contractor data
contractor information
contractor information
D2 CONTRACTOR
contractor information
complaint data
complaint information
complaint information
complaint information
complaint status
complaint information
complaint information
complaint information
complaint information complaint information
complaint status complaint status
complaint information
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Description:
1. When ADMIN and CONTRACTOR enter COMPLAINT DATA, a process named
VIEW COMPLAINT will send COMPLAINT INFORMATION to COMPLAINT
data store. Then, COMPLAINT data store sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to
VIEW COMPLAINT process and then sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to
ADMIN and CONTRACTOR.
2. ADMIN enter CONTRACTOR DATA into ASSIGN CONTRACTOR process.
ASSIGN CONTRACTOR process sends CONTRACTOR INFORMATION into
CONTRACTOR data store. CONTRACTOR data store sends CONTRACTOR
INFORMATION to ASSIGN CONTRACTOR process and ADMIN.
3. CONTRACTOR sends COMPLAINT STATUS into UPDATE COMPLAINT
STATUS process. UPDATE COMPLAINT STATUS process sends COMPLAINT
INFORMATION into COMPLAINT data store. COMPLAINT data store sends
COMPLAINT INFORMATION to UPDATE COMPLAINT STATUS process and
sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to CONTRACTOR.
4. When CITIZEN enters COMPLAINT INFORMATION, a process named VIEW
STATUS will send COMPLAINT INFORMATION to COMPLAINT data store.
Then, COMPLAINT data store sends COMPLAINT INFORMATION to VIEW
STATUS process and then sends COMPLAINT STATUS to CITIZEN.
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3.5.4 Entity Relationship Diagram
Figure 3.8: Entity Relationship Diagram
Description:
An entity-relationship diagram (ERD) illustrates system’s entities information and entities’
relationship. ERD composed of 3 things such as identifying and defining the entities, determine
entities’ interaction and the cardinality of the relationship. Database name for this system is
aduan. This system has five tables, citizen, complaint, contractor, admin, and login. Table
citizen has ten attributes. Table complaint has nine attributes. Table contractor has eleven
attributes, table admin has ten attributes and table login has two attributes.
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3.6 Conclusion
In conclusion, the selection of good methodology is very important to make sure the
development of system can be done within the exact time given. A good methodology also can
provide systematic steps in develop the system so that the system can be develop with minimum
errors and problem. The iterative model is used in RoadCare Mobile Application. System
requirement which is software and hardware requirements needed in order to achieve this
project.
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CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULT
4.1 Introduction
This chapter will show the prototype, proof of concepts and solution complexity of
RoadCare Mobile Application. The prototype can be illustrated in figure 4.1, figure 4.2 and
figure 4.3. Figure 4.1 shows the page login and complaint form for user. Once user has
registered and successfully login, the complaint form page will display. Figure 4.2 shows page
search location and navigation for user. Once user click on the location at complaint form, will
be redirect to the search location and user can pinpoint the maps to search their current location.
For the navigation, there are four menus provided. User can either go to their profile, go to my
complaint, preferences or logout. Once user click on my complaint, will be redirect to page in
figure 4.3. In figure 4.3 there is my complaint for user check the details and status of the
complaint that has been made.
The technique used for RoadCare Mobile Application is Global Positioning System
(GPS). User can make complaint of road damage along with tagged GPS location and then
check redressal updates from admin. In realizing this situation, technologies such as android
and Global Positioning System (GPS) will be used to solve this problem. For GPS navigation,
google maps is used so that user can pinpoint their location.
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4.2 Prototype
Figure 4.1: Login for User and Complaint form Interfaces
35
Figure 4.2: Search Location and Navigation Interfaces
36
Figure 4.3: User's Complaint Details Interface
37
4.3 Technique
Figure 4.4: Google Maps API by using Android Studio
Figure 4.4 shows the coding of how to implement google maps in android by using
Android Studio. Google Maps API provides map that can display user’s location. It is based
on Google mapping as a platform and can be categorized as a part of Google Play Services.
The services package must be installed before it can function. Once installation complete, it
will display how to use major components of Google Maps Android APIs. To complete the
implementation, the API key must be copied and paste in google_maps_api.xml. Once copied,
the maps activity can be run and implement in android.
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4.4 Conclusion
In conclusion, the prototype is for user RoadCare Mobile Application. User can register
and login in the application. User can fill in the complaint form to make a complaint and can
pinpoint their location on search location page. Then, user can view the complaint details and
status after the complaint has been made. The technique use for RoadCare Mobile Application
is Global Positioning System (GPS). With GPS as map navigation, user can easily search for
the location.
39
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[1] https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/global.html
[3] https://www.gps.gov/applications/roads/
[4] https://www.immagic.com/eLibrary/ARCHIVES/GENERAL/WIKIPEDI/W120716A.pdf
[5] http://theconversation.com/explainer-what-is-gps-12248
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