ROAD TO THE REVOLUTION

Chapter five

British Empire

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR• French and Indian tribes fought against England and the colonists• Battles between the English and French over control of land in the new

world• The war lasted from 1754-1763

• Brain Pop• Passage actitiy/perspective

THE PROCLAMATION OF 1763

• After the French and Indian war ended, Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763• It attempted to create a western border,

the Appalachian Mountains• Prevented colonists from moving west

which the colonists weren’t happy aboutArticle activity/perspective

PAYING FOR THE WAR

• From the beginning of the colonies, England basically left the colonies alone. After the French and Indian war, things changed.• Britain needed money to pay for the War and they

felt the colonists should help them pay since the fighting was done to defend them.• Parliament started passing Acts, taxes, on certain

goods.

THE SUGAR ACT: 1764

• This was a tax on sugar, wine, indigo, and molasses• This tax made new England colonists angry (they

used molasses to make rum to sell to other colonies, the French, Dutch, and Spanish)• The new England colonies protested but the other

colonies didn’t see what the big deal was• Colonial leaders feared that Britain might be

trying to take power from colonial governments• “taxation without representation is tyranny” –

James otisActivity

QUARTERING ACT: 1765

• British Soldiers could stay in any house in the colonies• Colonists had to feed and house the soldiers• This was another issue that angered the colonists

STAMP ACT: 1765• The Sugar Act (1764) hadn’t generated enough money so parliament passed

the stamp act• Required colonists to buy and place stamps on many paper goods including

newspapers, diplomas, contracts, prayer books, and other legal documents• Everyone had to pay this tax and it started huge protests• Colonial leaders now had a chance to convince the colonists they were

being taxed unfairly

SONS OF LIBERTY• Originated in Boston, Massachusetts• Encouraged colonists to defy the stamp act• They burned the stamps and threatened stamp sellers• Would tar and feather stamp agents• Famous Sons of Liberty included: Sam adams, John

Hancock, Paul Revere, and Joseph warren.

• Article/flipbook activity

STAMP ACT CONGRESS• Colonial leaders created a special

congress• Individual colonies sent delegates to

New York City to discuss the stamp act (1765)• The delegates created a petition

protesting the stamp act, demanding that it be repealed• They sent the petition to England and

it was repealed in 1766

TOWNSEND ACTS: 1767• Series of laws that placed taxes on glass,

lead, paper, and tea• Colonists did not like these taxes and Britain

eventually repealed them except for the tax on tea.

• In response to the sometimes violent protests by the colonists, Britain sent more troops to the colonies.

BOSTON MASSACRE:

On march 5, 1770, after taunting British soldiers, The British shot into the crowd, killing five American colonists including an African-American man named Crispus Attucks.This event increased colonist distrust of the British military.Boston Massacre John Adams Closing ArgumentsPrimary source Visual activity

TEA ACT: 1773

• Gave the east india tea company an monopoly on tea sales.• Colonists could buy no tea unless it came

from that company.• To help out the struggling tea company,

britian lowered the price of tea• Colonists saw this as more “taxation without

Representation” because they couldn’t buy tea from anyone else

BOSTON TEA PARTY

• Angry and frustrated about the tax on Tea• On December 16, 1773, the sons of

liberty disguised themselves as “Mohawk Indians” • Boarded the Dartmouth, Eleanor, and

the Beaver and dumped 342 crates of British tea into the Boston harbor.

COERCIVE ACTS/ INTOLERABLE ACTS: 1774

• Specifically aimed at punishing the colonists for the boston tea pArty• A series of laws passed by parliament in 1774.

including • Closing the boston port, naval blockade• Boston government couldn’t meet without

permission from general gage• Those headed to trial could be sent to trial in

England• Colonists had to quarter more soldiers• Committees of correspondence were suspended

FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

• 56 delegates from 12 colonies (except from Georgia) who met in Philadelphia in September of 1774• They met to discuss the intolerable

acts• They met in secret because they

didn’t want Britain to know they were united.

THE MIDNIGHT RIDE OF PAUL REVERE: 1775

• In april of 1775, British army stationed in boston were making a move on colonial weapons stores and sons of liberty leaders.

• Paul revere and William Dawes would ride out to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock in Lexington

• On April 18, 1775, the british made their move. The Colonists hung two lanterns in Old North Church to signify that the British troops were coming by sea.

BATTLES OF LEXINGTON AND CONCORD• On April 19, 1776, after receiving information that the british were coming “by

sea,” the militia in Lexington fought against the British troops• Battle of Lexington: 80 militiamen led by Captain John Parker against much

larger British army led by Major Pitcairn. Many colonists were killed and the rest fled (british Victory)• “The shot heard around the world” started the battle. No one is sure which

side it came from.• The Battle of Concord: after the Americans fled from Lexington, the

british troops marched to Lexington. The militiamen were able to increase their numbers, and after crossing the North Bridge back into concord, they were able to defeat the british troops.Causes of the RevolutionThe Shot Heard Round the World

SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

• Created the continental Army and elect George Washington to be the Commanding general• Drafted and sent the “Olive Branch Petition” as a final effort to restore peace with Britain• Voted that a Declaration of independence be written in spring of 1776

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

• On July 2, 1776, the delegates of the second continental congress approved the declaration of independence.• This declaration of independence stated

that independence was necessary and described a list of grievances the colonists had with the king.

Declaration of Independence

COMIC BOOK• Put the following events in order and create a

visual to match the event. • You must use all the paper (color neatly)• Include the date and write a short sentence

describing the event in your own words.

• Quartering Act• Sugar Act• Tea Act• Intolerable/Coercive Acts• Declaration of Independence• Midnight ride of paul Revere• Stamp act• Boston tea party• Boston Massacre• Townsend Acts