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Road Safety-Entry Ramp Audit

Group-1

Introduction to location•Road Name: Eastern Peripheral Expressway

• Lat:28.922

• Long:77.104

•Date:11/12/2019

• Time:9:10 Am

To Ghaziabad

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Conflict points Opposite vehicle movement

Parking of Vehicle on the road

Directional Marking- Not Available

From the User Perspective

Informatory Signs- Available but, not as per standards

Accelerating lane- Not Available

Confusion Among Commuters

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Road Stud-Available, but in Poor Quality Heights of Guardrail as per IRC:119-2015 (height-650mm)

Retro-reflectors are available but with gap of 20m.

BOOBY-TRAPS on the Road

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BOOBY-TRAPS on the Road

Recommendations• Crash Cushions- IRC:SP:87-2013

• Heights of Guardrail design for all Heavy Vehicles

• Where ever, guardrails were provided Kerbs should not be provided

• Broken guardrails need repair

• Speed limits signs need to be provided

• Give way lane, Directional Marking, Accelerating Lane, Chevron Marking should be provided (IRC:35-2015),

• High mast illumination is desired at entry and merger points

• Sign Boards- IRC:67-2012

• Utilities services should be away from the road/entry points

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Solutions for Crash Cushions

Need to provide according to the IRC:SP:87-2013

Solutions for Service Road

Thank You

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ROAD SAFETY AUDITRAI JUNCTION

STUDY OF INTERSECTION

International Course on Transportation Planning and Road Safety

IIT- Delhi, New Delhi

Group IIKavi Bhalla

Laxman BishtSanjay K NirmalSaujanya Nepal

Tapash Kumar DasSharfan UpaulSonam GuptaArbab Ahmad

LOCATION OF INTERSECTION(28.924406 ; 77.102590)

DATE OF AUDIT: 11-12-2019 ; TIME: 9:30 AM– 11: 00 AM

Panipat

New Delhi

RAI JUNCTION

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DETAILS OF THE STUDY SECTION

NH-44 Rai Junction

ROW 60 M

No. of Lanes 6 Lanes

Median & Type 3 m wide (Raised)

Junction Type Four Arm Junction (At Grade)

TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION

2W9%

3W7%

Car69%

LCV4%

Truck/Bus10%

Cycle1%

Mode Wise Distribution of hourly projected Traffic volume

2W 3W Car LCV Truck/Bus Cycle

2W17%

3W5%

Car64%

LCV4%

Truck/Bus

9%

Cycle1%

Mode Wise Distribution of hourly projected Traffic volume

2W 3W Car LCV Truck/Bus Cycle

TOWARDS PANIPATTOWARDS DELHI

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AVERAGE SPEED AT 250M FROM THE JUNCTION

• Travel direction is towards Delhi40

5941

0

50

100

Bus/Truck Car 2W

Avg

Spe

ed

(km

/h)

Mode

Average speed

Bus/TruckAvg Speed = 40; 95% CI [23, 58]

CarAvg Speed = 59; 95% CI [42, 74]

2WAvg Speed = 41; 95% CI [24 , 58]

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SITE RECONNAISSANCE PHOTOGRAPHS

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RECOMMENDATIONS • Road Markings were found missing on major legs of the junction i.e. NH-44 part which

should be provided as per IRC-35.• No safe infrastructure for Pedestrians to Cross from one side to the other side of NH.

Pedestrian subway necessary due to a sport school just at the interaction.• Medians were not maintained properly and absence of Guardrails were seen, Hence

provision of the same to be confirm to IRC-119.• Appropriate signages are absent which should be placed as per IRC-67• Shoulders are not provided as per the requirement of IRC Manual IRC SP 87 and SP73.• Absence of refuge islands on all the four legs of the junction which should be provided as

per SP 87.• No barricading on the construction zone towards Panipat side of the intersection which is

hazardous, Hence it should be provided as per IRC-SP 55.• Presence of Boulders and New jersey barriers within the carriageway is hazardous and

should be confirm to IRC SP 55.• Defining Speed limits for approaching and leaving Traffic at the intersection for safe

mobility as per the IRC 67.• Appropriate lighting facilities to be provided at the intersection to increase the visibility

during odd hours and unfavourable driving conditions.

THANK YOU !!

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Group IV

Ms.Pragya (Project Associate, IIT Delhi)

Mr. BS Rathore (DGM Security ,Adani Group)

Mr. Vipul Mittal ( Crash Investigator , JP Research IndiaPvt.Ltd )

Mr. Gaurav Rajpurohit (Security Manager Adani Group)

Mr.PS Rathore (Security Manager Adani Group)Mr. Shashank Shekhar (Asst Manager DMRC)Dr. Samal (Lecturer University of PeradeniyaSrilanka)Ms. Naveena (ITDP Chennai )Ms. Kati (Govt of Iran)Mr. Shawon Aziz (Manager , ICT Pvt.Ltd Delhi)

Dr. Geetam Tiwari (Team Mentor)

Site Plan

NH 44(Srinagar - Kanyakumari Highway)RoW: 52 M

6 Lane Highway with service lane

Location A: 28.94412, 77.09714

Location B: 28.95017, 77.09551

Length : 650 MWeather : Cloudy 19 ℃

Observation:

6 lane highway with additional lane provided to construction and unpaved service lane

Road Section Unpaved Service lane

Trenches due to construction

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Road Signs & Pavement MarkingsObservations & Reasons of

Concern

1. Sign for Minor Y Junction is Missing. TheTraffic signs & markings for Minor roadare absent.

2. Sign and Diversion Chevron Pavement Markings for Diversion of Service Road not present. Also Hazard Marker Sign and Pass either way Mandatory sign is absent

3. Warning Sign for Median Cut is not present at appropriate Sight Distance also Hazard Marker was not observed at the Median Cut. Traffic Calming measures and speed limit signs are also absent.

4. Hazard Marker is Present at Median Cut but Keep Left Sign is Absent. Also Longitudinal Lane markings and Median Cut Hazard Markings are absent

5. Lot of Bill boards in close vicinity to Gantry Mounted Signs

6. Construction Zone Road Signs not as a per IRC SP 55:2014

43

12

56

Other Observations1. Contra Flow of Vehicles at

median cut

2. Truck Lay By Absent therefore Trucks Parked on Road

3. Deep Drainage Ditch (Open)

4. Unprotected Median with rough Vertical surface

5. Poor Drainage Conditions and damaged drain covers

6. Punctured Barricading

5

2

3 4

1

6

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Recommendations for Road Signage & Pavement Markings1. Provide Signs on a Minor Road as per

Annexure V of IRC 67-2012 .

2. At the median Cut Provide Hazard and Keep Left Sign .

3. Provide Pass either Side Sign along with 2 Way Hazard Marker at the Service Road Diversion

4. The Warning Signs for cut in median must be present at 180-245 m from the Hazard along with U Turn ahead informatory sin at appropriate distance

5. Speed Limit Signs must be placed at regular intervals

6. Provide Transverse Bar Marking (TM 08)

for psychological speed reduction

7. Provide Converging and Diverging Chevron Marking Sign as per Annexure A Table A.3 of IRC 35-2015

8. Provide Edge Line Marking LM24/25 and Lane Marking LM 18/19 for entire longitudinal Stretch

Road Signs at Minor Junction

1

At Median Cut

2

At Diversion for Service Road

3

For Median Cut

4

Speed Limit

56

Other Desirable Recommendations1. Provide W-Beam Crash Barriers

along deep drainage ditches andalong the raised median (withrough surface)

2. The end of the W-beam Guardrail must be flared away Themodern approach is to providethe crash cushion or impactattenuators

3. IRC SP: 55 2014 for Work zoneTraffic Management Plan(WTMP) to be adopted forwidening/rehabilitation of theproject highway. All controldevices should be retro-reflective

4. Provide Road Studs as per IRCSpecifications Table 9.1(Warrants for Road Studs) of IRC84-2012 and IRC 35-2015

5. Provide A Truck Lay by forTrucks . Typical Diagram given inIRC-84-2012

1

2

3

4

5

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Statistical analysis

Inference : The heavy vehicles and the two vehicular traffic are equally moving on fast lane and slow lanes. At 95% Confidence levels the percentage of 2 wheeler driver wearing helmet is 75% to 64% At 95% Confidence levels the % of 2 wheeler driving with lights on is 52% to 64%

0% 0%

50%

40%

68%

57%

33%38%

100% 100%

50%

60%

32%

43%

67%63%

Pedestrian Cyclists 2W(M) 3W(M) LVM HVM Bus Others

PE

rcen

tage

of

Ro

ad U

sers

mo

vin

g in

d

iffe

ren

t la

nes

Types of Road Users

Percentage of Difertent types of Road Users moving in Fast Lanes vs Slow Lanes

Fast Lane Slow lane

71%

29%

2W (M) driver wearing Helmet

With Helmet Without Helmet

42%

58%

2W(M) Lighting conditions

With Light On Without Light On

72%

20%

8%

Vehicle moving in wrong side direction

2W(M) LMV HMV

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Road Safety AuditMid block Section

Group-V

Location of Audit

Title: Road Safety Audit for Mid Block Section@ NH-

44 (Ch. 42+240)Geographical Location: Lat-28.970635, Long-

77.090181. Weather Conditions:

Sunny.Date & Time: 11th Dec-19,

09:30AM

Location Map

Location of Audit

Cross Sectional View

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4.3mt

9.75mt 1.2mt

Pictorial Sampling of Audit

3lane with 2 operational lane

Speed Distribution

4942

7266

48

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

MTW TRS car bus truck

Average Speed

Speed Data Analysis:

MTW: Mean= 49, SD=9.93 with 95%CI [ 44.9, 53.1]

Three Wheeler : Mean = 42, SD=3.99 with 95% CI [ 39.46, 44.53]

Cars: Mean = 72, SD=11.79 with 95% CI [ 68.61, 75.39]

Bus: Mean = 66, SD=11.84 with 95% CI [55.05, 76.95]

Truck: Mean = 48, SD=8.86 with 95% CI [ 42.89, 53.11]

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Volume count distribution

7018

453

205253

13

381

105666

7

427

8

82

0

100

200

300

400

500

2W 3W Car Bus Truck

9:24 to 9:39 9:39 to 9:54 9:54 to 10:09

Observations & Recommendations- IRC: 35-2015; Code of Practice for Road Markings, shall be effectively enforced.

- IRC: 67-2012 Code of Practice for Road Signs, shall be effectively enforced .

- IRC:SP:55-2014 Guidelines on Traffic Management in Work Zones, shall be effectively enforced.

- IRC:SP: 087-2010 Manual for Specifications and Standards for six laning of highway should be enforced

- IRC 99-2018 should be referred for Traffic Calming Measures

- Awareness and enforcement for helmets to be imparted.

- Though the movement of pedestrians found very less (negligible) but for pedestrians safety has to be taken care.

Thank YOU

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Welcome to Eastern Expressway Toll Plaza

North

Scope of Audit

Danger

ahead?

Express Speed! – 250 m ahead of Plaza?

Broken speed breaker

Worn out rumble strip

Vehicle Avg. speed before

rumble strip (kmph)

Avg. speed after

rumble strip (kmph)

Car 76 66

Two wheeler motor vehicle 76 59

Truck 54 39

Carriage motor vehicle 49 39

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Visibility

Invisible toll plaza in day time,

Absence of road studsHalf of canopy lights do not work

– so also invisible at night

No pole light just

ahead of toll plaza

Pole light

present

Toll booth lanes

Installation of retro reflective lights, road studs and lights as per IRC

recommendation

So road safety devices for rescue?

W-beam guardrails permanently

embedded in concrete Rigid barrier

Damaged barrier and traffic

cone in use

Design and use of guardrails, crash cushions, temporary barriers should be

improved

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Additional road hazards!

Booby traps

Trucks parked on

either side of road

Vehicles parked for

repair adjacent to

median in front of

toll lane

Creation of separate zone for parking, repair works and removal of booby

traps is suggested

Car, Trucks,…Motorcycles, Pedestrians risk death.

May be not, if…