rm gep/smg 05/17/2001.1 clean coal technology and sustainable development barbara bauman director,...
TRANSCRIPT
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.1
Clean Coal Technology and SustainableClean Coal Technology and SustainableDevelopmentDevelopment
Barbara BaumanDirector, Washington RelationsEPRI
World Environment Center
May 17, 2001
Ph: 202-293-7513Email: [email protected]
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.2
Technology RoadmapTechnology Roadmap
Sustainable Energy FutureSustainable
Energy Future
Energy Industry Needs Today
Energy Industry Needs Today
Creating a Roadmap to the FutureCreating a Roadmap to the Future
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.3
20102010
20252025
20152015
Strengthen the Power Delivery Infrastructure
Enable the Digital Economy
Accelerate EconomicGrowth and Productivity
Resolve Energy/ Carbon Conflict
Meet the Global Sustainability Challenge
11
22
33
44
55
20052005
2003200020032000
Building the Electricity Building the Electricity Technology RoadTechnology Road
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.4
Policy TrilemmaPolicy Trilemma
PollutionPollution
ProsperityProsperity
PopulationPopulation PolicyPolicy
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.5
The World Population ExplosionThe World Population Explosion
12
10
8
6
4
2
01500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100
Population (billions)
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.6
Megacities Will Challenge Megacities Will Challenge Infrastructure CapabilitiesInfrastructure Capabilities
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.7
What 10,000 GW of Global Generating Capacity Means
• Tripling current world power plant capacity• Adding 200,000 MW/yr• Investing $100 - 150 billion/yrIt’s equivalent to:• < 5 years of current world automobile engine
production• Less than 0.3% of world GDP• Less than the world spends on cigarettes, etc.
It can and must be done!
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.8
Broad Portfolio of Generation OptionsBroad Portfolio of Generation Options
Clean coal technologies
Carbon sequestration
Advanced nuclear power
Distributed renewable power systems
Electricity/hydrogen
Limit-Breaking Technologies
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.9
Issues -- Future Coal-Based GenerationIssues -- Future Coal-Based Generation
• Competitiveness with natural gas combined cycle generation
• CO2 emissions
• Upcoming environmental regulations
• Inadequate funding of technology development programs
• Surviving the long dry spell
• Public perception that “coal” is a dirty word
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.10
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1995 1998 2005 2010 2015 2020
Year
Car
bo
n E
mis
sio
ns,
MM
T
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Ele
ctri
c P
ow
er G
ener
atio
n, B
kWh
Carbon fromCoal
Carbon fromGas
Carbon fromOil
Oil Generation
GasGeneration
CoalGeneration
Sources: EIA Annual Energy Outlook 1998, 2000
U. S. Electric Power Generation and CarbonU. S. Electric Power Generation and CarbonEmissions by Fuel, 1995 - 2020Emissions by Fuel, 1995 - 2020
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.11
Advanced Clean Coal Generation Options
• Ultrasupercritical pulverized coal technology (USC)– Higher efficiency through higher operating
temperature and pressure– Pacing technology: alloys for high T & P service
• Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC)– Coal as the raw material for making synthesis
gas– Gas for power and coproduction of chemicals– Pacing technologies: materials; solids handling
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
NGCC/F NGCC/H IGCC PC/SC PC/USC
Case ID
$/to
n o
f C
O2
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
An
nu
al
To
ns
(x10
00)
of
CO
2 R
em
ove
d
CO2 Removed ($/ton) CO2 Removed (tonsx1000)
Cost of CO2 Removal -- A Strong Function ofCost of CO2 Removal -- A Strong Function ofGeneration TechnologyGeneration Technology
Source: Delallo, et al.
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.13
Cost-Effective CO2 Sequestration
Project: CO2 mitigation with the aid of carbonic anhydrase
Existing Process: CO2 removal and concentration step for exhaust gases
New Process: Enzyme-catalyzed scrubbing of exhaust gasses at ambient conditions
Savings: Substantial cost reduction; reduces risk of coal generation
Benefit: Environmental friendly; permanent sequestration
RM GEP/SMG 05/17/2001.14
Electricity and Sustainable Development