1870s-1890s: States introduce… Literacy test Poll tax Grandfather clause

Upheld by Supreme Court in U.S. vs. Reese (1876)

“All railroad companies and corporations, and all persons running or operating cars or coaches by steam on any railroad line or track in the state of Maryland, for the transportation of passengers, are hereby required to provide separate cars or coaches for the travel and transportation of the white and colored passengers.”

Complete the activity…

Read the facts of the case and the Opinion of the Court. Then complete the following:

1. Identify the cause of the case.2.Determine the constitutional question.3.Analyze Justice Brown’s opinion. Explain his

decision and his reasoning for that decision.

In many parts of the south… Blacks couldn’t shake hands with whites Blacks had to yield to whites when passing

them in the street Lynchings, beatings, and murdering of

blacks increased…2,500+ African-American deaths by 1900

1910: Segregation was legalized in… Schools Hospitals Parks Transportation

Describe the impact this change will have on the following:◦ The Native Americans (social)◦ The Industrial Rev. (economic)◦ The Government (political)

Causes… 1850s: Americans seek gold and silver 1860s: Cattle industries become profitable 1862: Homestead act

◦ Gov’t offers 160 acres if: Pay $30 Work the land for 5 years Creates homesteaders

1800:Hunters dependent on wildlife… buffalo Used all parts of the buffalo 1885: 1,000 buffalo remain…why?

1864: Colorado militia massacre 400+ women and children at Sand Creek, CO

1866: 81 soldiers & settlers killed in Fetterman Massacre

1874: Sitting Bull & Crazy Horse destroy Custer’s command at Little Big Horn

1887: Dawes Act…forced Natives to assimilate by breaking up the reservations into small sections

1890: Sitting Bull is killed while being arrested; 300 unarmed Native Americans were killed at the Battle of Wounded Knee

1870s: Farmers begin to specialize in cash crops….why? Why is this a good idea? Why is this a bad idea?

1860s-1880s Organization seeking to help the farmers Called for:1.Make money “cheaper” (inflation) to make prices

of crops rise and debts easier to pay2.Government regulation of railroad industry Leads to the political Populist movement in 1890s

Evaluate the Grange platform….did they have good ideas?

Caused by: Gold shortages in the 1890s…relevance?Goals: Inflation Increased income tax for higher incomes 8-hour work day Direct election of U.S. Senators Term limits for U.S. President Result: won many elections in 1892; ideas

become part of Democratic party

1896 Populists join with Democrats; favor inflation &

bimetallism◦ Nominate William Jennings Bryan

Republicans nominate William McKinley Republicans win because:

◦ East Coast & Cities (higher population) oppose populist ideas…why?