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SUBJ$CT:0• •••• • Con:ti.11.ental Shelf
REF: T.aipei 3:214
1. GOJ Embassy has not yet asked for definit:ton of term "Nansei ~K:§UUl~X Shoto. "
2. If it does, Department would take following position:
A. Term as used in Article III of Japanese Peace
Treaty was intended to include Senkaku Shoto (Senkaku
Gunto). Nansei Shoto, as used in Treaty, refers to all
islands south of 29 degrees north latitude, under Japanese
administration at end of Second World War, that were not
otherwise specifically referred to in the Treaty.
B. Urider the Treaty,USG administers Senkaku Islands as
part of Ryukyu Islands, but considers that residual
sovereignty over the Ryukyus axxxenulinxs remains with Japan.
Administration of Ryukyus, it is anticipated, will revert to
Japan in 1972.
C. USG considess that any conflicting claims to _J
DRAFTING DA T E TEL , EXT. APPR .OVED BY :
EA/ROC:MEMcDo 8/11/70 21321 EA/ROC - Linwood Starbird CLEARANCES;
FORMoS-322 4 • 68 ·
L/EA - Mr. Stein~ EA/J - Mr. Fritts .J...uUA1 EA - Mr. Bardach~
INR/RSF/GE - Mr. Hod~son~U,U,1. L/PMO - Mr • Pitman ~
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE .. _ . .__ - •· ·;-" ·.·: ·-
Classification ·
50003
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CLEARANCES:
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DRAFTING DATE TEL . EXT. APPROVED BY:
LIMITED OFFICil.U, USE Classi fip.atfon
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50004
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ACTION:
INFO:
Amembassy TOKYO
Amembassy HICOMRY
A. STATE
·· o. TOKYO A--1872 OF,AUG 1968 E. ' ' " .. ···\. <. :- . • , ·-
AUG 27, t968
. SENKAKU LSIANIJS
-\As indicated reftel a, USG' consJ~ders that Nanse:L
Art III ·of Peace Treaty includes Sen~k.u~ IJ::L&ntl1 and ;,, '.- .· t;Jia}: .Japan has residual .sovereignty over these islands vitJ."±ch
USG now administers in accordance with Art III.,and ~IJSG
intends to relinquish administration of these islands. in:
favor of Japan in accordance with reversion. agreement yet
negotiated. Para 3 reftel (a)not iptended to cast
on Japan's sovereignty over these islands but merely to
that, in the event a dispute over sovereignty-~
EA/J:.HMMcEJro
FORM 0S-322 4 • 68
50005
EA - Mr. ~ YMdivie L/EA - Mr. St.ein. {dra~.~)·~ EA/ROC - Miss McDorinel_l'·~
CONFIDENTIAL Classification
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DRAFT.ING DATE TEL. EKT . APPR.OVED BY:
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Authority ~~f?Cf/-Cj_ r ;.B.X ~a_~ Date -;Jf 1~.J!
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SUBUe:crs · SE,NKAl'JU: !~LANDS' .kJv~-~ R~~fl TAIPE>I 38?2: 'f,.,L 3 i,.l
Io JAPANESE 1 :CHARGE ' MUTO· SEPT ' 9':SI-IOWED <EHBOFFTGRC: ·N01'.Ei ci~r~o AUGU§!I' . i ~! i;~. w~ic8. C?~~ r RBUEc¢e:o ' ,~AR~N~SE\:CL~ 1~, ·toi SENK 'AK U R ET Toi ·BUT' •SRe:C•r Fi!CALL.rf . OEN 1I so , :E XlS!rENCE i '. CM~;NIESE , C:LA,lM:11 ., GRC ,ALS~ • ·[?EN:IElOi 'JAP~N:1 S: ·R!l-Gl:'f rs ,· ro : :cHlNE~,, :cONTl.;; .. NEN1rAL i SHe:LF"• ($O~f 'HAS RE:P.LJEO~ .:SAYI:NG ' TH,U'· :st1N1<~1(US ~.ARE, l'N~EGRAI,.: ~ART' OF': ·R~Ui<YUSu ~ - .
2'il .MUIJ'O ,SA Io , T~AT :HE: HI\D AL.SO , RECEiI VED · INSTRUCtTrlONS : sEF'!T s: FRow ro1<yo , to , ~Roi'e:si"· ssRir ~, STORY .- i·~EF"T!Ltl 'ON, RA!SHIG ,-: QF GRC • FL.AG , IN! SENKAl<US, ANO : t-0 1. iNciUitREi' I'liii',C'H~C 1if,,l~O AUTMOR ;lZED TAIWAN F'ROVINCiA~l SURVEf'f ' SH iU:': TO , ~ifiNO :' THERE :• iCCOkD H~!VTO MUTO, KUO ' KANG, OEP,UTf OiI REClTORf •MOF A . TREATY oePr, sA10 · THAT' ro, 1-11s· KNOWLEDGS: 1.,S£N1<j;l<iu vx:srr· WAS ARRANGED By CH i NA TIMES ' l CHUNG <: KUO t .SHIJ•Mt -P~Oi) AND 1
THA:T GRC HAD NO:t"H;JNG TO oo , WITH - IT ci MUTO · ;HAS ,,R£f?ORT.Ei0 ' TM'!$ , REPLY TO TOKYO AND rs - AWAlTlNG, FURi11HER [' iNS!r~UC~f,oNs. 13p .. 3 ARMSTRONG
50012
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EA/ROC:. CL.EARANCE$:
FORM 0S-322 4 • 68
50014
ACTION:
INFO:
STATE
~ -........... ~- ~~., ........ !:-~£ _______ ~.._... •· --- -···
. .\membassy T.~IPEI
AmembassyTOKYO HICOMRY rV ~
SUBJECT: Seilkaku Islands
REF: (A) State t,48lt.90; (.B) Taipe,; 39,i -
·, .•·
tl
l. US· recogrtiz~s residual :soye~ign~y ot Japan over N~_fiiSh'~f~:i:iJ,>// : inoludi;r-ig Senkalrus7 which .US <adl!l,inist~rs .. wr~uant to ~tii~J.e J;~I' ,.~£: -_; :, .
;~p~~,;~ Peace __ l"'aty. · -_ It:,i{~us :.p~sI:ion, :·~~yer, . t;atr~~;:;;_f~~;i/1' i's ~~i ~neo~~sa,r:i.ly f\nal determinant of sovere.ignty ifs.~ll;;, -i: +#-;~~i;/: , ;: • . ·,.-· ... •'.. .:·: :--.: ... _ _. ·.:: -____ :-_·_ -- -~- -,,:_ . . . -:.- -~--·. -- .-- . -> .. :· >:·: ----~·r ::-~.-: : :- ·.- ·_~--.:~ ·: .. >'-~---:
v~ew, a,ny disput_e .that might arise regarding sOV'ereignty o~k· s,nl~~kus
or tiuli:% continental shelf: ar,ound -thein shOllld' be resolvecl-' airl.O~ ~ -~:-- • :·t~
claimants or through third-party adjudication, for example, ··• fiiix -Jnter
national Court of Justtee (ICJ).,
~2. In North Sea Continental Shelf Cases, ~ifi'IWB . ICJ
l\ili1mfl said. that, with respect to ola.ims over the contirienta1. : shelf, . ., .. -. .- . _· ' -·
. . . : . states oonoerned are obliged QUOTE to enter into negotiations .with a
view to arriving at an agreement UNQUOTE. ICJ noted that this duty
QUOTE merely constitutes a special application of a principle which
underii_es all international relations, and which is moreover _J
DRAFTING. o ·ATE . TEL. EXT .
MEMcDonnell 9/14/70 21321 APPROVED BY:
EA/ROO: Thomas~oesmith
L:EA: Mr. ~rman L:EA:_ Mr. St~:J: L:PMO: Mr .. Pi~
_CONFipENI'I,U.
Classification
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;,<!~, , s~~nt.:r GY~-;.:~-• ~-;;~&~~-t,; te;rri~4.l{~'t61'• .. ; ••·•: .;~::~nd$t~~;::;~;~. th~t t~~/ ti, 'ri9:'nt~JJ' th~' J miles from !sl~~/r\o.r.f·
" ! ."" '\ We '.;drl; :~pt·;, -h~~ver·•'· vti'.s# ;to ' tike · a j)o~ition.· as t6 which w?U1<i· app:J.y
50015
.jf, ·,
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CRAFTED BY:
CLE-"!,R.ANCES:
,., - .
::.::~:t DS-322
50016
! DECLAS~1FlF D . . - I Reproduced at the National Archives
t~~~3J . ··'
{}.,: .. -~~•r· .
· .. ,
·ACTION:
>'.o-t·.continental Shelf Convention. .fim. GRC that
QUOTE boundary of' continental shelf appertaining to two. or more.·states
w~p~e coasts are adjacent to i.rid/or opposite each other shall be
: detertil.ined in accordarice with ·principle of natural prolongation\of'
,,, -·:th~ir•_-land territories UNQUOTE,_ as applied by ICJ in North Sea Cases.
·T6 a~rt any Japanese toehold on China shelf., GRC added to its fes~ria.tion
· assertion that QUOTE in determini~ tindi3:ry of continet1tal sn:e:l.f' cif\
'. ·Roe·, <exposed rocks and islets shalJ. not) be taken into account_ »ma~1ei: UNQUOTEj ',<·.-, .·: ,· .:.: '-. '' . ' - ---· -:--::----·,, ' ,' .. •.· . :. ' :,:
·,·· GRC reser,;.ation not if!~Onsistent with resolution <;>f disputes in,-,.aceordance ···_,., __
provided para 2 •··above •.
, ...
·· According to Tokyo_ radio broadc~st of<Sept 4 ( FBIS Se,~ 9}, <oRC has
:ag;-eed m ,,to proposal made by Japa~ese Ambassador in Taipe !hr negotiations
:;,Ort question of- sovereignty over continental shelf in. East Chl.l{la Seif, .bntilnul
including area around Senkakus. Report indicated Japanese are not RPT ~·
not. willing to negotiate on question of Senkaku sovereignty. BrQadcast
s~d it remains to be decided when talks w!ll get under way, but th ey are
expected to begin soon. Department would appreciate verification o this
report and any availal!lle information. END
GP ... J DRAFTING DATE TEL. EXT. APPROVED BY:
CONFIDENTIAL
Cl as.sili cation
I
Reproduced at the Nationaf ArchiVes
rfii~ti)c,,, ... '.~.~~·-1"~ .}:- · .... ~:~·, .. ~~ ···-• ;, ,, ,· : ... ·•· •. _.:·._:, -'.--· ·:·.·-~.-~::.·~··-··~·----~~:7:~~--'"~~:;: ~· .. -:.~::_::~ •.. ~ .. .
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8 DRAFTED BY :
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INFO:
Subj:
Ref:
Amembassy TAIPEI
Amembassy TOKYO HICOMRY r,..t/
Senkaku Islands ~Jb-~ ~ Taipei 4000 6.,.,..e., y.~'- ) .· s,;J
&~ t'l CL-0
( 7 Str 70 f 1- .~ I 1
7
1. Dttring call on Assistant Secretary Green on another matter,
September 16, 1970, Chinese Ambassador Chow Shu-kai, on
instructions, made representation of GRC views on Senkaku issue,
parallelling that reported reftel. Only additional ~oints
made by Chow were to point out QUOTE strategic UNQUOTE
position of Senkakus, lying closer to Taiwan than to other
islands in Ryukyu chain, and QUOTE intense grilling UNQUOTE
which ForMin ~ei Tao-ming has been given on this matter
by Legislative Yuan and Chinese press. Chow referred to GRC
re se rvations concerning US-J Okinawan reversion agreement
and said that GRC had avoided airing its views publicly out
of concern for friendly relatins with US. Senkakus, however,
QUOTE last straw UNQUOTE, and Chow remarked that ROC public
QUOTE cannot take UNQUOTE GOJ assertion of sovereignty. 90w DRAFTING . DATE TEL . EXT . APPROVED BY :
EA/ROC:TPShoesm :pd 9/17/70 22209 EA - Marshall Green CLEARANCES:
R@x EA/J - Mr.
FORM DS-322 4 • 68
50017
McElifj
SECRET Classification
· · ~, -;:--·: :.-.•( -~~:~:;~g~·;.:,:_;;:I~i1J;/:.:;·.;[_t:.1.f.i:~~{ . .'.'.:{4i{::~4\tJ}jii~.;;-:t;:.~·~;.~{;/·~:.f.(:~i~~I·. ·;,:::\i)·:::·.:~}??::::z:-rr~?:·:•·•,·:,,i _:··'.~fl~i :)ifi}(di:~,:::: ri;1?i~i¼ii£ii~i1M!{i,;7 DECL\S~1FIFD -J
Reproduced at the National Archives
FORM DS-322 4 • 68
50018
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TAIPEI Page 2 7
__ -~txpre);~.: ijo:pe: that USG will give serious consideration to
o;~;RC?V:~ews. { iµlc:1 :handle -this issue w:i th utinos t care. At . ' .. . ~-.-· .. · . .. ' ' . " ... . . . . . . . .. . . . ' . ' . '" .
?ia-~.Ji p{tiit ':i_h '.<C_onvers~tion' Chow offered personal observation .
;);~);e;,i,i~e~ tisG official sta~enr~nts on this matter wollid ·
;<.rro:f ·:>g}y~ app~ar'~nce of ' supporting_, GOJ claim~ c,'_ • '.'. •• •,,, •A:,: .•.: .:-,_; "• •. ,. • . ·t•• •,: ~ ••• . •.
. z.::'2'}i~#f'!1'~t:::/::i:::: t:: ~:::s o:e:R:• c::::r~: END
_J
DRAFTING DAlE TEL. EitT"_. APPR.OVED BY:
SECRET Cl'assilica_tion
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URPOSE ~OF ' BEG I NNING -~o su~ ~l11 •. ·sH~LF:t r.'ssl;JE: ·• · •·.. {{ ·•· ,:. '\/ f'"· -' ...:_ .......... - 'ij ' . '; -
~ -o ·RECENT ti:~ :, GRC r AMBASSADOR ·PENC3 LC~L J,ei.o.'~~ o~'k A.ON\)rP•1/vlcE -~ii N'I Sl[ ER • MQR a ·~E · SENK AKUS ', ~COORD i·r~f~t$fj':ONq~,f 1,,n·~"r.;1:aw ·s r-- : 0
~ee:N~ ~t:S [ EM EJ Dr. ~N~ l~U§ ', TO · ·~E~( fENK~~U !-· 1, .~:Yi +J,~,,E·~;Q4l~~f!. .€ .. ~MB ~S,SA,DOR AND ' MQR ·I A!3REE@ 1. T<H,X T, ~RE.6S.v,l l,t .:i @ .q\~f.; ~91 4 ;@ -MUST '-~, 88,. AL ~ OWED i TO ·cooL 1· ofFt ON '> !S?~E 1.~~N.9f" T!l,j~ ! t. ~N.lr ,, ... @() •VERNM~N;r Al.. i CG!N~ AC'l'S B~ K~f.?.Ir .g ONFilI.\C:>EiN~ tc~l:il! .:p,e~@ N , t, •
"i" MA ! ,GRC I Cl:,. ~ MP I.NG LI 9 ON ~J:l ; .NESE i JP~ESS:P ,;, ANO l•: ~ !raff~·SKEq) ·c, O -.I T AKE . S I M I L. AR A C :r I ON W I 11 I-fl ' J AP \I\ NE SE: t '• P. RESS ·~ : Mb R ·I
- • ~ ... ,. ~ : ! · ' - • .. •
REPORrrEOL~ MADE CLEAR To PENG 11 H:.XJ' ,GO\,J OOUl/D , NQlf: YI:E:L!D ' ON TERRlTORIAL ISSOE OF SENK~KUSD BT COMPLE~ELr ~ w·i LL 11 NG EN TER ors cuss i o N s · Re: i·cciN rr I NEN'Ti\U·sHE tF :, .ME~ER.
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·• ::.cy1~,, ~~,, •if .... ,.,.,~., .. : · . ~h.e continen~al shel:f appear:. to be an extensio~ .~£ .1.t~.. · ..... . . '-f~t?::·./'t-··.:r'J: ~i·-X'i;; po~iti.Oll that it is th~ sole,. ·;Legitimate government of 'cii:tna,> .
.. {>c :. ···_;)~;.<~~,,,)"'r; .... <. ,: th,.j.~ c9ntr.o~~~~r Ilt1.1$t. tquch: sen,sitiye ne.r.ve~: ill ,fiik~~·-.·' :. ,.·:::. :.f- : ,:,i;~;,~·:',~·;' '.':~~:-.. ·/ ,::•'.:A~.th.0~9.1'1•.·. tnf!·.·••P~c:})i:is•·•·nqt,·.· ... t9 .. our· :kn9wled~re;··.•··1.t~~e1?,•,, pos.i.ti~p.: .
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ft-t ~,:c·· · .• '.Iti~t~~=.:~i:::e:h;;;i;.::~=!~~·::~~st''""' · :~:\:i'.it• ;:. · .··•.••·r:ight· t.cf ,assert· .• those e.lairn$'··.·•.• Wlltts,· £ar,. Pekil'ig; has .. ¢hqsen .
. ; . :.: .... ·.··-.;·· ....... ·.:.·.~.:.t,· ... 1.>. -- - / ; r inli;:.rfel."ie. with coromei:c,ia.i o.i.i·· ex-plorc1ti()n ·or eiti1:.ictioit'. . . · . .. ··>- . _• l°'f J ::::u::f~:. :~st; · · · . ·
50024
Tz:anslation of e!iitorial in the September: ·2.1. ·:Lssue•.i:>t, ·ehin9.go
. ·•'t:OltFIDl,N'r~t,/@~ ... 4 J.')~raq.ed .af -?,_fEfa:r: il)te~~ .. ··• ·· ·
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. : '. 't, -
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l · · · ·"';. Reproduced at the National Archives DECL\SS1FlFD ·- .. i ,
G~~@ ···"'""' ·-·
~f~c. 4.;2?i1 .··
CONF IDENTrih, · ' 2
Meanwhile, authoritative Chinese cornm~nist ' newspapers in Hong · Kong have ·a l~o continued to avoid. the issue •. · · A procommunist (but not authoritative) paper,the .Ching t>o, did c·arry on September 21 an editorial on- the . Senkakus dispute. 'Ching .f.2 moved from the specific point regarding· oil to the
· ·gen,eral point about sovereignty when it argued: "Tetrit:o:tial sovereignty being something over which no· concessions should be permitted, WE;! must raise our vigilance against the Japa.nese militarists• territorial ambitions which_ are not merely con·fihed .to tbe oil ·. resourc.es at Tiaoyutai but are extended to the whole of' Taiwan. II
·· ·_ A tran~1atio.n of the full text of the editorial is attached •
-- ~
05B0~
CONF IOENTIAL
50025
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DECL.\SS1F1FD i · Reproduced at the National Archives'
19 · ACT'ION !:~'Aia.20,
·(sQaJe;cfr SENKAKUS '·' .-.:.-.:_ •.::- .;.,:- - ~ ,..:.:. .. ·. "":~ ' -~- ..
Authority J.¢JP._j6_Jef.t'f_ ! ~~~~3L~J
''Re:Fie' A-• TOK~O<'l767' ·0 1, TAl'Piii ·'+-083: . .
Bi• STATE 1'68 i'l-0 E!e ST:iTE> J;50567. t .C,, TAIPEI .:fl05' Fio TifPE>J<4000( ft,,l ')]- ;;' Uv,,_,,:;f
-· ... - . ,. '·· _ -· .... '. ,. ..7\l'?_ /J~ i'1 ~-',{ I• :SUMMAR['( m :REelENT': AC THINS: BY GRC, LE~l:H\JS' TO, ·BEL.l!EliJE; () t~~r··tr 1:1~~'. Not-r;i~p,· :c □ c L E o,_ o~~i- sor:,§WHAf · ,oN, ,se,N,l<A~Y~! ... EH):f '.H~S'. ·r :4:KEN::: ACrr 19Ns· Tp:'.RE~TRAIN! rrs· ;MQRiCJ£NTl:fU·Sl A~T t:,C 1
NAr lONAl,;$t, WHll.:E i P~ESS: · . .A~Q: L,;tG?~l,.AT lVE:i 1eoo JpS -~ll l<E:l,;¥ ''.TO '. REMA I'Nr•-SENS'ATlONAL.! 'ON· Tlalt$,:SUB;JEC:1Ta. BEL.!!E:VE:f''l'lH~T- Vl'OL~TlONS ' OF'i ,SENKAKUS:1 T.ERRi TOR I Al.t A" A te:Rs: PROM ·i:111 W~NL i:Nr'!NEARi ·~tJTtJRE NOW '.MUCH,. L:ESS:-.,,ll.KE( ff.. ~Ej: AGR E:e:r"· wE f :SHOUliD 1:c~urrlONt 1~RC . AGA l NST f>ROMO.C,t:ri'v£ i ·NTIIIU S'I:ONS ;SENK SKU I ·w A 1'ERS., ,.eu:r '',BEL. !JE:V,E OUR ! MA .i-N EFFORlf " SHOUGo,--eEf' o·t RE CTE DtiAT ,~u:rtiNrJ !; GC)J, ANiS: oR¢r TO , -~1 AF~rnt~~~ N~; ABOUT· Ali.L i .~SPE~if. S: ,OF P~PBLEJM •
2:o PROBLEM OF'1 fENKAKUS: i~ D,I VJ•OED1 !NTOr 'THREET$EP~RATe: , PROBL.EMS,. WHl cHr ,HA ve:;.aEcoME [ ENt ANGLED,, v t:aL~ T t:ONS, ,ai: • TERRitDRY .AND'. WAtEAS: oFi SENK;4~Us:, AND, ,MoREI-BASic:r'PROai.;e:MS ' oii'1<:sovERE~•GNTY · o¥e:R: r~e:. si!NK~~us~ .AND, R<11GHir:si'·r:01 ·rHE' ·· 6oNiiNt~iALiiHELi~~ - - . - . .. ~- '. "- . . . ' ' . •. ~-- ' ~
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50031 ~~
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.. ' . :.,. " . ·~ . ' . - ......
9• GR Cr lS ~·PR£PARED[• TALl<i: WlT,H i C30J:, -•BU.rf ', ,GOu, ~so, F..~R , f.S::,NOT ': PRf;~~R~Dl.lOLK , WJ'!t-t:ARb; , .... · ·•··••: '----, .. ~ ; • . · ,,
50033
- -, , X 1
!.
DEC1..ASS1FlF·o I Reproduced al lhe National Archives
Authority .vAJP. (j~/?ct/_-c;_ I By~ Darc.:J!1/5f J
--.::
50034 ~
i DECL\S~1F1F D , I I .\,tho,;r,, 4VP.f{Ref./1 J
~~t~~:~~:!:::P1~
Reproduced at the National Archives
·. ;?,,• .·-: .
.. . -~:•. ".'.. :··· ' ;
_ : ;rJ ep,ll!,~.,,;, 'JELEG
DISTRl~U.TION _. . i-'AC.TION: Amembassy TAIPEI 7 :' : _. ··
/:INFO: Amembassy TOKYO " CINCPAC HICOMRY ,--.u
)SUBJECT: Senkakus
REFS: (a) Taipei 4208 · --(b) Taipei 4138, Aug.µst 17 1968>· (c) Taipei 4024, A\lg':,lst 8, '1968
,} ~ Para 9 ref (a) suggested that negotiating record o-f 1954
) Ititual Defense Treaty with GRC might -tmntain Chine~e acceptance
· ';o:e.i US _ administration in more specific'; terms that in A:i::tcicle
Q
Cl.E-ARANCES:
FORM DS -322 4 • 68
50035
;:6 of _T.reaty. What materials we have been able to consult do
not elucidate the question. The ·only relevant statement is
in Dulles testimony before Senate Foreign Relations Connnittee includes
in which he states that"island territories of us" ~ -some
Ryukyus. Such a statement is JiIDUE. evidence of proper inter-
pretation of treaty, but unfortunately is not out of mouth
of Chinese, nor made in their pre~ence.
and (c) provide evidence of previous Chinese
DRAFT I NG DATE TEL . EXT . AP P R .DVED BV' :
10 20 70 28900 LEA -
EA/ROC -~ Miss McDonnell fW,/A-..t\ EA/ J .,. Mr. McElroy '(
LIMI'J:';ED OEFIGI.AL QSE Classification
·;,,~~-, ·;;:i?•1.•1~,:=~h·~~~;,~,.~· \\•,0: .. ,·::>::·ilJiD~~~;:~fl¥{i(~'~7'~~;''.: :'.~·'c·:~:'.'',,:'",:;Y:•·•:._'~''~;-~11-lf-l~~~1?'•i', l DECL.\S~1F.iFD I
, .\utlwrit~• .J4U~.f~9cqc;_ ! Reproduced at '.he National Archives
l:~~~~~:~pJ~j
INDICATE: Oco:L.L.ECT
□ CHARGE TO
--------.----- -------- ---------------- ----------' DISTRIBUTION
DRAFTED BY :
CLEARANCES:
FORM DS-322 4 - 68
50036
ACTION: p A G E 2 7
acquiescence in our administration of Seµkakus and may be
helpful in future discussions. Perhaps you may have something
of a similar nature in writing from the Chinese.
3. A further, albeit not very persuasive, argument based
on the Mutual Defense Treaty is available. It may be possible
to cite the fact that there is no US defense commitment in
the event of an attack on the Senkakus as some evidence
that they were not considered Chinese territory. Of course,
the same may be s.aid of the .Off shores, over which we do
recognize Chinese sovereignty, so that this ~rgument is
weak. Case of Senkakus may be distinguished from that of
Offshora:ifor these purposes since Senkakus lie east of Formosa
and relatively much further away from mainland than Offshores.
Nor were Senkakus necessarily too insignificant to be included
as Chinese territory since some of Pescadores, protected by
Treaty, are of size comparable to Sen kakus. _J
DRAFTING DATE TEL . EXT. APPROVED BY :
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Classification
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. !~• ,I;,/
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ANoi:·tH:~r>•o~1::Rr:,tice~HftR~-NtHe.ae:·TwEENi:sHe:LF'•ANoJRv"uKY-u is~~No~Yc,gARL~>tstA.e~~i~i'.i§f:::JHAT' :JAPA'N, wq0~o 'HAVE•. N □, f;Li\lM, TO:' ANY PART. -OF=' 1 SHi:'CF:•-DEPUTY' MINlSTER 1 Al.;SO ,4.:R4ll.l~D./:1:HAT.· SENKAKUs:wERE:iNCLUDEo· .UNDER ARTICLE 2 :
s1NcE•. s.~.-.NK.A:K.-y .. s··.-.·.AcGiul~Eo, BY JAPANESE As RESULT 9-lNO•JAPAN WAR·•
3 e ,GOJ, AMB-ASSAOOR WAS NOT i NSTRUCTED TO TABLE ANY SP[C IF lC FOqMULAS F'.OR A~PORTlON I NG: CONT I NENTAI. · SHELF.
~- ,GQJ. APPARENTLY REG~RDS, GRC ri~TATfVE ~E1~oNSE fo · <:30J OEMARCHt: AS.-UNOUL)i" R;fG.io AND AS' AUGUR ING !!ADL,Y , FO,R·- E~RL.Y SUBSTANTl VE. TALKS ON CENTRAL ISSUES• ~uR.J·Y~~A, s.~to,:HE ·couLci: Nor· PRED{cr· NExr· ST;f:'S AND lN!ltCA.:TEO, _THAT GRC• HAS GlVENi GOJ. NO IND-t:CATJONS THAT tllRC AJtit'IP.T!NG. DEFUSE• P·Oc&S:'f.BlL:!TY CONFRONTATIONS IN
, :··::· ___ :· ... ;'.i," ~j'" .
. Reproduced at the National Archives ;'
~E'.ft~•AKg·fS:~: J:N·. FAC'.b. KtJRlYAM'A. SAl D, .THAT .GOJ. .. . .. ~M$A.$$:.::t.:l'.cA-l.~E1 . R~F'ORT'EOl,.Y·· HAS . D•I SCQVER~D Tf:!A T GULF E~~t:,ORAT I ON r:6NC.e:~SJQf'.( lNCLIJD-ES SENl<AKUS; LAND: AREAS: AND AREAS WI TH·I N TER .. RlTORlA.L., WATER$: OF; StNKI\KUS,. . . - ,_ .
5,,. ~E.S-PE6riNG .. KOREAN' CONT!NENTAL! SHELF' r:ssvt, KU Rf YAMA SA! r,. TH.At HE> AND' DEPUTY D'fRiE:C}l'OR GENERAL :EAST AS IA BUREAU KAN.
,. .'' :. " ·,,;'j;c • , .. •. ..- , . • ·• . . • •. ·•~ , '
~lAWA LE'l<VtNG F:ORi ~EOUL NOVEMBER 3 TO SUPPORT GOJ EMBASSY tN.lNlTlAL~QtSCUSSIONS ' ROK• SNE.IDE'R ,
! DECL\SSiFlFD I Reproduced al the Nalional Archives
.r,
I .\u. thorit:,· J//ll,-~ __ fj6_i~C/-_ ! _:: ~rt.\ Date _,JJ3/ai f ~ ... ~~ .... :tttfu~~~-~~~---~
,] ,1
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.-.. ,. ,_ ... ,_,._._ ... _ ... -.. . ,-,,
,- - ih~ ~Taiwan .~ro~in~i~l- A~semb~Y:): jo~ned the 1'8W~ ,m~aia; ....;,...sc..cµ.,..,c;~G;..1•5-_~-,._-!;_D-- .... JJ_ ..... Js--'1;""'R;....l,B'"").1.,._T .... l_-0"'"1-19 national l~gislators, and the pub-lie geri;erally/: in .· _
: . '.~i:'·._._ ,,_ \ .. i',.•-. '\ · ·,: ·. '. :appealing to ~he .·Central,_ -Government _t(? 'prot~et_ '•fcbil);a·• ~
AID
USIS
FILE
Action Iok<Sn:
50039
·legitimate rights o:ve1: the" T:iao Yu Tai (Senkakus) __ . ,_ •. _ .. lslarid,$,. ''· · The . R~$plutibn, pc;t.$S.ed :Septiernbei::},l0,: .·· 1,i~ted>.,
the -~C)flQWJ;fi_g\ reason.s : . .. . . . . . ' . .. .
•.•···te~,ii~l~y•i~ef ffl:e~i±~ &!t~~~7teTtfua~ee:.· · .. ·Gov~i;riinent::has 'l'l() rlgnt to. c;1aim these islands. .
.. b) ''Acqorping_ to historical documen;ts from the Japanese ,o¢cµpation .. ,of 'l'a£wan ___ (pe:r:'iod)', 'l'iao ,'yu<Ta.i ·Ii.;'lands wei:.e0'.µ11deir the jurisd;ct~on of T~ipei Cqun-tf.
c) 11'.t'.iao :Ytt-Tai ·-·Islands have b~e'ri ~n aimpo.~an-t;.:~ fishing area ,_for Ta!wanese ffshermen: 3/!1 pa~J de$.~des ~ No country_ ever bothered their operations. · ·· ;::ti-··· ·- ... f
i
-1, U. S. GOVERNMENT ____ PRINTING OFFICE : 1966 0 - 202-219 (258)
~. ~.-
Reproduced at the National Archives
50040
Reproduced at the National Archives •.'
~
c□NJ:ioe:NriAt./' · ~+s
PAGE 01 TAIPEI 0'+696 -3003002
8.1 ACTlON EA-20
INF'O OCT•01 PM .. 05
NSAE:•00
/ 11 8 W
R 3002l6Z OCT 70 FM AMEMBASSY TAIPEI
NSC-10
P-03
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1244 INFO AMCONGEN HONG KONG AMEMBASSY SEOUL AMEMBASSY TOKYO HICOMRY ClNCPAC
ss ... 20 RSC•0i
US!A,.12
CON F I DENT I A( L TAIPEI 4~/
SUBJECTS CONTINENTAL SHEL F AND SENKAKUS
, REF" s TOKYO 868'+ TAIPEI A•339
-11 . I ' i ( j_.
lo KOJI WATANABE, DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CHINA AFFAIRS IN GAINUSHO CALLED AT EMBASSY AFTERNOON OCT 23 ANO FURNISHED, AFTER SOME QUESTJON!NG, OUTLINE OF GOJ POS!TION ON CONTINENTAL SHELF. MCFA (CH'IENl HAS CONFJRMED THAT AMB~ !TAGAKI MADE PRESENTATION BUT DID NOT DISCLOSE CONTENTS, EXCEPT TO SAY THAT GOJ POSITION WAS NOT ACCEPTABLE TO GRCo ITAGAKI DID NOT PRESENT MEDIAN LINE PROPOSAL•
AQ GOJ BELIEVES FORMAL DEMARCATION OF BOUNDARY ON CONTINENTAL SHELF WITH CHJNA WOULD REQUIRE TREATY• GQJ, ~□ WEVER, IS UNWILLING TO CONCLUDE TREATY WITH GRC BECAUSE OF PEKING'S REACTION• THEREFORE, .JAPANESE PROPOSAL TO GRC MUST BE INFORMAL MODUS VIVENDI PENDING RESOLUTION PROBLEM, AND NOT APPORTlONMENT OF SHELF•
B• GOJ IS NOT RPT NOT WILLING TO DISCUSS SOVEREIGNTY
50041
' ' .. ,~:
,liit;tiij•r~~!~,~i,\\~~·~;.;,~-:;. :,_.,J:
, -·-,t. •'-<·t. ,-•·•-·;·to~,F,'1'.btAf:ir1.At.·,..·_ :<-l . ·•· ·, . •· ._, .
; ·_ - _,. : ·:·~-:~ :'{: . ::.- ·: ·:: ~·:.- ;·, -~···
"< i:,ieE i.·· 0ir.- TAi~:~1 .. rif4-~~6 / -: ~_00s0'.~z ····
ovER s ·a:NKAKUS~ HOWE.YER., . !N .RiruRr-f -f'.oR ,GRc , A:G~EEM'E'Nr fo CEA;SE i Dt.SPUllNG '.: jA:P~NESE ' CLiIM; GOJ . WOULD! AGRE:E L'TO · PERMlT ' 1'.Acl.W'ANESEL F"TSE:~MEN ·~ Tt) tlSK IN SENKAKU ' WATERS' •. ON BASIS OF ;'CUST.OM , ANO! COMiTY. . . . . ·.
C'• GQJ. PROPOSES: 'T'aO DRAW MEDlAN .L.lNE BETWE:1:iN K.'(USHU, RYUKYUS : AND · SE:NKAKUS ON THE EAST- AND , CH'lNA MKINLAND · AND TA iWAN ( AND : PRESUMABLY· I SL.ETS L.i KEi PENGCHlA A~[) ; MlENHUA, NE OF"' TA I WAN I ON THE WEST Cl GOJ, .HAS ' NO lNTERe:sr· IN AREA WEST OF MED I AN, BUT PROPOSES THAT ALL ' EXPLORATION AND 'EXPLOI TAT lON EAST Or MEO I AN BE. i SUBMECT TO MUTUAL , AGREEMENJfi• ·,w-A-'VANABE NOTED THAT ALTHOUG~ RYUKYUS WERE USED IN co~~UTtNG BAS~ LlNE FOR MODUS vrvtNot, TMIS DID NOT MEAN THAT THEY WOULD NECESSARJLY BE USED IN FORMAL DEMARCATION OF CONTINENT~L SHEl..F• .
2• WATANABE SAID JAPANESE POSITION ON CONTiNENTAL SHELF WAS COMPLICATED BY - PUBLICATION OCT 15 OF NEW BOUNDARiE~ FOR GRC CLAIMS ON SHELF• GRC MOVE UPSET CAREFUL~Y NEGO• ftATED CLEARANCES WITHIN GOJ AND FORCED R~•EXAM1NATION OF PROBLEM, WHICH RESULTED IN ~TIFFER INSTRUiTiONS TO T~I~Ei fROM TOKYO• WATANA~E EXPRESSED IRRITATION AT GRC MOVE, WHICH HE BELIEVES WAS F'OR NEGOTIATING PURPOSES,
30 INITIAL GRC REACTfONTO tTAGAKl•S PRESENTATION, ACCORDING TO WATANABE., WAS COOL.a HE BELIEVES POSITIONS OF GRC AND GOJ Too FAR APART FOR EARLY COMPROMISE• CH 9 IEN CONFIRMED THIS IMPRESSION• HE sAro THAT IMPASSE ALREADY REACHED~ SINCE JAPANESE WERE UNWILLING DISCUSS SENKAKUS AND GRC UNAB(E . DISCUSS CO~TINENTA~ SHELF, BECAUSE fT DOES NOT CONSIDER RYUKYUS PART OF SHELF AND SENKAKUS · ~RE BOTH NOT JAPANESE AND UNINHABlitED ISLETS WKI~H po NOT FIGURE IN DEMARCAT!ON• . ,
4• WATANABE IMPRESSED BV PEKING•S COMPLETE SILENCE ON SENKAKUS AND CONTIENTAL SHELF• HE STATED .FRANKLY THAi ALTHOUGH GOJ IS OSTENSIBLY NEGOTIATING WITH TAIPEI ON CONT I NENTAL SHELF I I TS PROPOSAL : WAS "ONE .. CH I NA" PROPOSAL, CAREFULLY DEVELOPED WITH PEKlNGtS REACTION IN MIND•
5• WATANABE ADDED THAT CONTINENTAL SHELF SITUATION WiTH
·•:a. '"'0NF i DENT I AL ,
50042
Reproduced al the National Archives\ .
. -~- '.,::-1 . :.·-_.,~ ·i: . - .. ,-;~-{ . '• . '
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. ii~- __ ' ·:·· _- ;Bb'~tF'ft.0'tNTh(~1 .
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J··· •··. ~;~,¥tgiig~j~~~tt .gt;f i; g~i~d~i1il!~~!!i~~tii ~t~;t~i:~·i~N ti • . ' l(OR~A, :H.AO; ·. AL~EADY' ATT AC KEO JAPAN.ES.i:: ._· P'bs:t::riow, . 'lJHUE:L ,BY ·! it:1e(i;ic'ATroN~-AF>J='RbVlNG · SOUTH" KOREAN: pbsitJON• oN · BOUNDARY ··
·· wJTH'.'. JAPAN o .·· . . ·- · .. .. . . -- .
6, COMMENT I ALTHOUGH; IT MIGHT ACCEPT' :NEGOT I ATlONS· FOR MEDlANi.L.,lNE ·: BASED( O,N' ·i<:YUSHU ALONE', GRc, rs · 'UNLlKEL •Y1 "FOR : aorr,~v :LEGAl.!·0 ANO,i,poLiCY REASONS., ·i'o ACCEPT :' ipHE ! USE,:Qf , EI'THE:R rHe: ( sENKAKus -□ Ri r.1-it REST oF, rHERYuKvus- iwtH~ ; oe:ire:RMiNA .. Tl0N OF BASE LlNE tOR A MODUS VlVEND), ~Ui~ERMORE, ~REi WEST OF -:0 MED'lAN , LINE 11 COMPR ,fSES THAT PORTl'ON ' '0F ' CONTiNENTAL SHELF ·wH I CH ' GRC, I;S Nor- EAGER TO EXPLOIT B~CAUSE OF I rs PRQXIM-lTY TO .CH.INA MAJNl,.AND• JAPANESE PROPOSAL. ' COt-JTAiNS · ALMOST NOTHING . TO FAClLJTATt: GRC 1 ACCEPTANCE, AND , GRC IS LIKELY TO CONTINUE PREPARATIONS FOR EXPLORATioN, GP•3· MCCONAUGHY -·
CONFIDENTIAL
CONF' I o1NT I AL· . ' ·• -.• · , . •··I . , .
)t~~f~:.'{:.<-'~::,)r~:'.-~~J~~;~{:~!Jt}• J: ·:.
50043
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l DECL\SS1FlFD I Reproduced al the National Archives
C/J •. .-· .f:,t,: .. IN:1?'.ICA'.tSY : .[].:c~~t.:E~'.t. .
o ·.CH-A.RG~TO
I :\uthority .1411P 9~/?. «ef1/-. !. I By ~It.\ Date _,Jf 3/_w I ~t,:: .......... _ -..- ~ -, ... .. .SJ!!ii!!'~~ .· . ·-·· · ··~--~-
Am~IIIbas s:'y TOKYO'. '' ', HIC-C>MRY ·.· ~
INFO : · < C INC PAC :-· ·-.:.:->'.-.:,--:,::,_ ·_ . ->·
·. SEN.KAKUS IS!ANDS ;·_::-.-·
., . ~ > './ .. ,· ' ;· - '' ; .... ... _ / ·1~,: .. Al'.fh'bugh init:iat:i.on GOJ..:.GRC '.- ta.iks: he1,pful.,' .Dep;t . . . .., ·}i
. •··~.:: ~-- : ._ .t • ~- - -. ~: • - , :__ • • • ' : .;' • .... : '. --~ • ' ~. ·: / .. ; ~
Pi.9~-P~ctfJJf r~S·~~~,:~Pg:_ s~~k~~'- ·-t·;r ' . .. . • . , • .. I 0 . ; ~· .. ,·. ·:. . •· ... \' . -' : ··. ·,~. (j3. \ \
. ·-, ·._:._ :~ ;: , .. .:~i \
:.shares belie£ that C:>.·f : :trif:o.rma;t. :> ·· .· ; ·>·:>. · , i. Chinese ______ . ; : . : c". . • ,:~_;, , · ·
. rrangement'-:. to · facilitate ~~ access·· to. -S·en.k~ltu ... f .ish.ing· · . .- , .- .. : ··- .·- ', <.-/.-·. -~\:.> ;\-~· ,} ,,_,-• ~
e· 'la v,.otiHr tew.i,,fu one S:PUl;~ e of i>os s ib1.e future . ·.;~.;f,,.,.,e~oi, l .•... ' ·t: (~l~Ji9?,: gh' :app~,rep tly under C ont~p 1 >.f·9·•···.r.· .. _:;h'-¢-:-~d;rµ¢h•t'.}' . £#$l1ltjg: . -·- . :~ ncursi.ons are likely te> follow past j,lttt<irnbY recxn:£P;\g •9,t¥€•' t\".f~
' . \_ ... ·. ·j,,,: (),<'.;-~_ . -::..>::-~ ·
.,,;·\t,j., ··::s:::j
j
Such ~rrangement might 'be wor~edbut. between gbvt:~.:,. fisheries . .· . .. . ,_:-,, ,
or be.tween/fiski:Hriex associa,tions Jn Taiwan :.an:tfi:/,.. _ • •. -1 .- . ., : : ·: . ··.,. · ·; . :" -. . _, .'·- ·
. · .... : .. :\,//· : In either case, success would depend -in lar;g~,' .P~t,t: .
n Okinawan acceptance. Would appreciate HICOMRY views on
Okinawan acceptance of such arrangements.
Dept is also cCJncerned over impending GRI _J DRAFTING DATE . TEL. !::KT, ORAF'TED BY:
' F.A/J:HMMcElroy:bd 11/10/70 23152
F;ORM DS ·322. ,4 ,:;68.
EA/GRC - Mr• McDonnell _,lJ'A,W L/ ea - .l$'., Gree:r::t.wold _(~µl:r~)~ Army Mr o F:retmtlth - (~:tj~;~,~\~ _·
50044
'
L . ..
Reproduced al •~e National Arch1YeS
Qis,t~J~~+t~t<i: ;·~~c!JC?~;.·~E!~lJ;f;:~;:. ~ii&o .. · .. ..• ~c t:'i:gii ;:g*{~pp,1 ~.c-~t,ions ,:fg:r .·. off shore exploration Concessions
. . . ... .., .· ...
': ~h3/-qn,, w.~ ::~r~J~.~,h:a,n~~>;i{l \,over lap :' ' with C oncess io~s . al~.~-~dy .
<&fii~~Jdi~: b~·:)ctkq t,~;'c1.,t-fili. ~xtend well Qeyond Senkaku '· te;:~.~B'?r~~~
· ~a,~_ers ·.,. ',:,: ;G#,y: •~~~g¢}9'# ·s'uch concessions will face' USG wft11:·· ' ?,~ :~J:i9:i~~::;~rii;ng' ·a:qquigs:::n~e,. veto or ··>'prblonged
... , A,~ . \a~· ;~4.9~i~ ::~igh,.~: p'.~)l~~,~;t unpal.a~~bl~ · f~~m ,_. ,.' ;"-, .: ., ... · :_\ '
,,: ;4~1~y:. or -:'v~'·t:O'. WbUU.ct' l'fc>We\ier app~ar · 1ikely : t -· · .. . -.. ~·; .,/ ,,,.·::,._., /-;:
B.1\10- ·usG.- approval :·:a·:r.:acqu,iesence likely to/o:JJdx.~GRG~· ·,;, .J:t ,1i. ' .. :'<·.· ·,' :.·. . - ... ; ·. ·_ ·, .-.,.::;- .. i/ . -~~ '· : 1 '.WQu]:ct .4,~~tn,·':~re.~~*·~IJfu~ ,if' GRI ad:ion -could. be delayed un:tJ;l
delay, · particular;y on possibility
s.upport for induc,ing such de lay. i-
4. Army concurs.
out). Requ~st
inducing GRI
.. · . . 1 • . GOJ F•, .,: en 1.st1.ng ·
5. Dept appreciates excellent reporting this subject.
END _J
DRAFTED BY; DRAFTING DATE TEL., EitT. APPR.OVEO av,
50045
~ .,.,· . .:, ,., ... ·- .. Reproduced ai the National Archives
. . DECLASS1FlFD i ,
Authorit:1:J4VP%f CI.J~ .. ! By~R..\ ~at~::~,/(3/tp: '.J
·.. -- ~ •'. -_:•···---•- ·
)'.11)(;;~ ·.>· . ·•.- ., . . ,:, -•'. ,l' '• ' •"!, I
·l)q ):,; .. _ .. ,,·:::t-·:-~"="~,...~r=~~"'--":";,~'ti< A,..:w~•I!!!!~ • i ; ,,, • . '1Y '1, . , .
.... !.;.,II\~..., ·})~)
Tl)KYO .,.e;,, ti.io5~.r 1-f .)/'\'\ !.~TiON,E.•2• _ . . ; > ., . .. . ·.• t . .•~ --II . ·.'
•,.·:_·;r ·_:· -:_,,: · __ 1I_NF0
1
OCT•t/Jf .L•0,., ~IA •10~ .. -f-~~•0.8:_-,. ~SAE;•00 '.. -~~-C~8J.: .. ·.· .. ~-.H.· . .-. •JIJ5' •l?_. ~ _. f :{/}
· ,. ·, · · .. ·: ·.- '. · . SFW•02" ·MSC•0 I RS 1111 : /.056, W' . : · : ' ~ +K. .. (t · · . ::· - . · . -·-····.;.· .. •··· ..... .. . ...... ,.... · · eea&sar /:;:- ;,, ,
~, · · · •. · · R-' i._0s00t Nov · 10· · ·,. ;.·.: · · /"t, ,-._-,t/· :, . FM::.AME'MBASSY ' TOl<YO·. ,. , ·.·. ,··: +,, .ff'', · :<r.o '. $J;.CSJ'ATE: WASHDC 5566 · . . .,
•··. :•>i:!i!!iif;~~~~~', /' .' f~_ _ •t _s~~~:~~~rJ. ~ENK~Kus .. ·-- ~ · · · . . : . ·:X f{.-- · · _ -... :-.
:i:'f://:"T'iiifi' :Is:TATE. ~8:6t~;it-s~u~,,~rf-:,c:c11 'TA1F'Ef·,'t696t C·D I ·. < ·ooD, FOR ISAi DA. FO~' DUSA )t~ fo: L. I., Ryu : E
I• ,ON: NOVEMBER 13, 1970: EMBOFt,;MET' wr.TH:.CHif;F . . LEGALI AFF.'~IR.S 1
·D:JVISION (.KUR.IVAMAI ANOi 'OEPUTY HEAD' CHINA. O:JYIS:ION · CWATANABE·J Toi 01scus·s coNiINENTAL! SHELF!:oEVELOPMENTs. ·
. .;:;,.i {~/ :./
~i V7. f·':!
2• OURING,.CONVERSATJONS: FONOFF'i:OFF:I·c·IALS··coNF'IRMED· REPORTS ~~. CONT A I NED REF'S ' I BJ: , AND'. .i C·I i GRC• :STt LL!. HAS::NOT REACTED ' ·fo GCJJ ~,
'DEMARCHE" REPORTED REF re,, DESPITE INDICATION. FROM GRC ~._i; 'DEPUTY FORtIGN-MlNISiER~-~EPO~TED. REF ' to1, iHAT ~E- wou[o, ~
CHECK: WI.TH HIS Mi NI STER, ANO· CONF'IRM G.RC1 REjECT i:ON • OF· ,<,;ciu. f\1~
POS·ITtON• OFF'IC-tALS: SAW L-ITTL£: iNO:ICl'\TlON THAT SHELF AND I TE;RRITORIAL! ISSUES: BETW_f!EN GOJ, ~ND: GRC· WOULD BE ' RESOLVED BY .!j'.1_ PURSUING _EXISTING NEG-OqATtNG BASE.• . .,r,·
. . ".' ~ .. ... . ,· . ' ~ . . !~5:1 \},ii . 3·, IN CONTRAST, KUR!YAHA REPORTED THAT CONVERSAT!ONS· WhH' j f\
:. Ii :~ \ . . '. . ,· i:o~FiD~~•LI . ; , ' _, ._ ,i ·; L .. : ... ·.·~.--··:··-··.· ___ .;.._•,··.:·=---:·•.····-·· .. · ... ·:·· .. , .. ·l._·.;.· .. ·.:'·,, _r·~-~.~.·.,.'_:·•.;·:.~,:.:,: .. · .. •:;·l _j.~~J~, ,jf,, .-· · __ ·:, ·-: ·~r-~- ·--•-- --- - - -·· . .·.. · .. - .,,..,~,~----·,. - ,.;..,,..., .... ~ , :-;~~- ·~:,, · ~~ ... ~~ -~-~:J;;~~ ...... - • .izi~~Mf?-_WwJ•Ut*M-.~ , :n;'"~-• . ......,~...,~!'T!IUll""!IIJ0!_.,,.,,.,.-."""'11!"1"'~~ /i:~~-: .{;~';,~~-?~:.~-(> ? . ,!~:~t'Jt . " -" ).~>
.,:(:.ff,i '. .
50046 ~ •§ 0 0 .,.,)
~•~mral!.m~11.~1m~'. •••~~•~ii'tli .. ~li--ma111
ni ,.;"li ·'.sl't~~~;01~!kl'ih:.5i~,: ·,:l-t~~:-::~t~;1(~1-ri~),,I·_•-:-~~'~':-'_ iu ___ ••••••••·' '.~
G~~;;J Reproduced at the National Archives _
-\~~;:\i1ti:~::-.;f;!i4trt\l: : . ·. · ,:, ·:::_.:: /. :-'· .· ... .
' : .~:~-, . . .. ,
:c: oNF. :i!oe:~ f;iALl-i::-a
P~-GE t 02: TOKYO 09.2l9' · J,4Y056Z. ·
i KORE~NS - ,HAD ! RESUL~ED :. JN : FRUt TFiUL;1 ,otsoUSS$ON$1 .AND _ 'FYRf,~ERi _ MEErfiNo, -HAS '. ac:EN •· ri>RoRos!ot·~oRr EiRL~ --,oE:cEM'iieR:• 'KLIRlY:~MA, ; HO.WEVER, CR ·I T:i:C1I.Zl:;D ' KOREAf;V FOREfGN/, QF'FlCEf 'PdR : ALLOWJNG · .· rT~ELF I TO · HAVE,f' BEEN, :BOX!Df l <Nl Blr' r P1UBLtt '' ANNOVN~EMEN!J'S •10F : ROK'. 'Nf:;~o:t1 /Cf'lNGi PO~:rti ON;.. rWM!lCHi:M~K$S • j-f'; EMTrRt~gi.:rc•DlFF;i':cy~j ·Ji10R · R()KLFO~~H3N( O[fltCE r . TO · __ o,M~~S'.J'~A!E:, ~N¥ :- f:.L .;:~l$l~•l_'TY1, i Iit:,i~LliJtittNG
'iJ;, ., '. ;/EM.~t<Jt;- AgKNOWLEDC3EM~Nt't THl\T \tJ~GQT JiA:fJ:9~$:\Wfl!iHJ:J~O~. ---AR~ ,- tiN1 ·- -. - , ··1·,. ~ PftOG~ees•, ,d~hk'.rIN·§ilS:ri::;op.cNi Oit.UW~J{G; r1,1,s.c~U$.~lpN,S i·;NOV · 1+: , ► • •• ~.,~"A~ .. , A _
> !1 ,, 4 Q -j .• n ~ , .r, '§ ·' ,- • ,, r,.-rt~ t.'e(s:f ,t"f, '{ Hy··~ ·r-1· :·-W/Dl ,fl ' "e!'ri-:it'A~i!~ •; · ·.-- ... ~,..,H'-" 1 '( ''· • ' ii\ .. ·.·.. . .. J;~.~~w,6i;~ ~m rr ~o~t:~~riu .J~i~ .;a:~ti~j,,:':)i!!Ce:~Jt~~:ii~o:f, Hd sT;
,'.! . .- ,·.·tMeoRtr~NT \A-RE'AS: . AN□ r oouuo1=· rsoLl':TE LAe:MAI"N ,ItNGf F:EW >ANOi •M$'t.,ioRj -.. -' '. j{AR.E~S;/ FORi ,:RESOLiU!TJ!OW THRO(JGHl ir.i.utitHERUNEGiJ}rfATlO.NS:, '; ANt-i:i:i'. P.ATEDi
·.·.·.·< ti:~~:~::: ~g:~tri~~.~·~.~ ~~:=~1~~ 'S~~ ~i;;~~[i~~ t~I·9~·· E- ~ LO! t,i n°~. :':'\ ··:':, . • . .• ' : . . . .- . . . ·•.. \.' :,_' ~· : ·.> ' : . . -- ' . . . : ,\ ~ .. · >: ;: . t 4.-:.-R£r L,XAJ:s0N: .COMM 1ITTEE l.'REPORT.ED°i-·A.~RA , (,6 11.: R[F' f. CC•) .ANO '• SUEHJEtT· · __ :-;or:._i LbtP:L \'Ne:wsPAPERi_ARTici.:Es i:o,i.:rifi.fNer:>t ,NOV _, 1'2.'.·:FROM-:seiouL~ . ·
> >>> . , o~·i:'ftit AL.s:;i.sA 1,6\ rl-ie:v -- EXTREMELr /oue,Ious. THAT .. coMMiTtee:;;_ :E~£N · Tf\f:rJ[:] \~~-Q,J,iritf:p:9Rt1toi•,.o.~r t~ifoHi;,~ ·'.5i,.Nfi&1/:e:1tt-frt~t1:~:g~so!~'.~f ~: c~vL6 r M Ai<e).' KN'?:.; ;, ,rt ·· ·' ~
.. ·. ·. SUBS!l'-ANTl ALI CONil'RlBU!f I ONt· TQr · EAS -I NG1 :SH!;lF" r'OEL1J·t:1ifTAT I ON '..' F'ROBL.:SM, · '. J<UJ:tI YAMA SA I 0 ' THAT ' ·coOPERl'T i ve: 1-:ef~PLO·I°TAT ION ' OF !-·RESOURCES'
<,cori:Js·:xoEREO· ·- T0 1 BE ; ·w1 TMi Ni ;JAP~NtSEiOJiJRisb:ic;froN, ·wciUL.0'. BE i JMPOSS'l BLE ' · -·wtTHour· LE:G ·I s1..Arive: : Ai:rioN, · AND TH~r-1subr AC1T'ION ·w11-s :E:M'T'REMELY '
I'Mf!ROBABLE:• . NE>ITHER: KuR.iYAMi : ~aR 1 WATANABE , eRovi·oe:o '. ANY ' EV1 DENCE , Tl-IA T . JAPANESE! IN!TlATl'VE: : REPORTED IN · AP ' ARTlCLE f'AR;A. , t 6) REF (.C•) HAD ' . ANY' :QFfii±_:I AL l GQJ. •BACKi NG ·• -
< '; ~ J $1~ ~~~~' .· D 1·scusslbN·, ;bFi cso'li.- pof,l,\o~roi-4 '. Sl·fEL·F,; B&:-~~lk'NP. ~(i~J).'.A1\, .: .. ~ ,; ' ~.) ; ' .. . ...
AND l KOREA, KUR .. YAMA, :sP.EAK:I'NG• PERSONALl.f'(, oP 1Ne:o, THA r'· r+· wouLo · BEi EXTREME:LV ' OlFF:{CUl.T' ,o~ ;_ GO.) -·ro .· coNTiNl)E : to · ·MA lNTA t N :POSIT ioN THAT ·· NORTH END OF" , OKlNAWA i TROUGH! :SHOULD ' BE IGNORED · IN :· OELlMITl'NG
• .. 1 \
CONTiNENTAL : SHEL~• - .
. , 6~ __ I~ ,. L;l ~HT " OFFtCI A~S.' vi.~~--THAT". GRC : ,uNL lK;L¥ }fl~ ~f;~P9-NC>., l'.~_\ AN!( 1 ,;HEC.:'PF''\lC. ~AV ' TO EARL.lEFf (JO~J: O'EMARCHEJ EMBOFF" ; TOUCHED L 1tGJ.1T-t.:Y
ON i POR:r'lON OF IDE~ REF'L:ECll'EO ! lN PARAS (2 '1 ' ANO : ,,31 OF ' REF (Al• BOT Hi WATANABE ANO · KUR i YAMA REACTE0 1 -GUAROED.L~ ' BUT FAVOR~Bl.f'( ... TO: t DEA THA:t'' A NECESS AR¥; CONO IT i ON. TO PROGRESS OF ; NEGOT l AT I•ONS -
,t,
•WOUL.0 ' aE ; Moous v rvENoi · ~H;ic81 wouLo. p.RE;Ve;Nii" :.- occvRRENcEl 1or1-. ANv · ADDl T'l ONAL I NC I OENlT'S'. THAT' MlGHrr INCRE~SE t'P.lJBL{C cPRESSURES :'ON '. . q:1 +tt,~ ' s Jo~.~ THEif _, AGR~&O i· A.L$.O· ·,tH~T '}MQ~~:~:/:iiv,~N.tj~l 1 f!ORf f}l~~;~"'I MEN! AND 81:RO EGG COLLEC'l'ORS'.: WOUL,;O ! FlE/:.El)!(TREMt·LJf';'. J;MPORT,~N·rr:, rotR'lf '
. . ' .. . . -.. .· . •.. . .- . . .. . . . . .., . . ' •: -- -~:'
50047 ~ -~~~
; . ,•,, ' ~;· .<' .,
:;i .~: - ~:;" --_.~-•:',i: __ :.i·¾:-.:'·"--i·•:\·. __ i ;} TltEGN·t,:··_ < . ···. .. . . .. , , .. , ., . '. .. '~'·•Z•i''.:l' ;;:.t t~· '. ; <i ..... ·.. . . .er
,,::. r•
" i' •
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'
r. ·.r ,L
: •.·. ~• -''L ,· ,_, ., _, :,:
-.. _'. ... •': c0:NE:{:l)~'.Nlf'T-A:~I : ··•· .. '.< •,
.. F· ' ·. /·,:J , -.- :·:,-_ -~(Ho.,· FN~~E-SU.MAB_LY )~_ou~·o·tBE f,ALLqW§O i." TO i:ctjN[-l!NUE ' }i_C_9o~oa~N(( ·: _
'.·_. J ;/ · . · 'J\01.L,1I!<ELl'f- ':i MOOUS; vrVEND·I 'FORMULl4- .•, ·_· ·, · · , . .
•. ··,l0{/}Jii(ii.f jiiiii:l!i'. i3Ai~;I~~~~!!f ff ;tli:f {~ ii~ii~;~tv a OJ ..
J ? ,,__ , :oEi:.;~v·:,· I,N; PRoce:ssiNG· _ coN e e: ss to N ~.,A ~PL !!C!:~Tl"(JNS , ·V(O uL:o·. , e.E' __ . - , -::{< J ·.·/ ;:,Ac·cePctr)iB_L.:1::; r,-o ;,:/Goo;, / EMBOFF :°: DtI:01 1NolJ':,.~r:::a.u~s:t f rHeM i-:.ro: ·o_qNs:roeR •
' 1 · ,' _· Ats6L' Wl•fETrlER l Gdu ?.WQUL;D: ae:: w i LLiI1NGt TiO,~ASSls,f' :_tN:· i NDUC:'JiNG: :SUCH ·· · · oe:t.li\ y · ON PART . ,oF ,- ·GR :t, KUR i VAMA >PROM ii:sEo:·1REAc:rioNS · :OF' ,GOJ.
WlTM IN· WEEK ,. I F'l 'RE l'C11' I ON 1 IS : F' AVORAl!H .. E~ : ElMBO~F' , w I LL I REQUEST Go0.cONS1DERATiON ' OF SECOND , siEP~ - . ME1YER 1 . --
50048
CONFIDENTIAL
N/\Tlo~::,l. s•.:curn1 Y C01Ji·ICIL. . WASIIINC T·oN, 0 C . zc~o,;
n ntptri . . NSC ·· 23i70
:opn:s TO: ~[_E~IORA~DUM FOR ~NITIAL DIST.
\ :'\':&Ir • . fhcodorc L. Eliot. :Exci:utiv~ Scc·cbry · Dcpa~trne~1.t o:. St.J.tc
;_
J J
RCB ~-rt-l Chron.
crs DI.ST. EA (ACT Im-:) L S/l1C S/S S/S-S S/S-0
··.:: t·1 '..,_
-'SUBJECT:
Jr.
Chinci-c Le:g;t·t Pos itio:i 0:-1 Territorial . Seas i~ncl S-::2..l>c<ls
v,· c have n~tcd an NCN.0\-artihl c tr~~n:;mittcd ~ovc;11bcr 19, ·. a::d a "PCO_i,>lt·s D~dly" cdit.oriril fr1rn s mi.ttc:cl br XC);.:\.o::i. Xovcmbe::on this subject. 1,Vc ,,:ould apprcci.1.tc by close of b •.tsincss · December 11 State' E( view::; as to th~ cft-- ,:-t:, >if any, of these __ appa.r_cHt .;;tatcmonts of Chin~ic legal po;;;iti ,6:1s· o:-i Amc::-icin. legal <1.nd com.r-:-tcrcial i·i~ht$ in, the 5C?.:i nCtgltbodng Cr.inci.
}!J'../it .. ·
20, _
.. ,.( _.- _,. ~f
. ·j1➔:-: -~~ ·,"? .. ::. t. , );,f.;Jr·
~; .. : :t .,.
Reproduced at lhe National A
I
... . _ ••• ,i , ·•· .
"\~;<}l e;:;:-_, J,~~~~'.f~~ _
'· ' lo,, ,'• ~' :. I
Re'
/-----;:
. . .
' ' _______ ,
!·
.
Reproduced at the National Archives
..... __ -- -
..
. ' ;;__ . ,, . ( ,:~.: ' ·1•~ ' ·; 1, " ~ ·,.. t~ "i. :~ ;~ Wr,\ • u :!'.>~ . , -·. :'.· ·1,~L·c~:- . ~ :0; . :: ~---~-~_i:,,_i;_.,~:~-i1?:.: :r>·.:tv .. '. .
· - ··(:· •.j ~-·· . , . . . . ,
REF: Honi ,:Kong.A.5821 ,Tokyo 9802; FBIS~CHI.~70~235 (Dec 4) . . · .. /Ii~ . lbL '3.:Z., - "StN KAl<LI.
1. Department requests action addressees, at their discretion, to
seek information about proposed Japan-Korea.-Taiwan 11 joint stock company"
formed to prospeat and exploit undersea oil reserves in East China Sea
an,:l. adjoining bonies of water, according to NCNA broadcast of December '.3
(reftels) and news despatches originating in Tokyo. NCNA bt,oadcast that
the three countries deciried November 12 in Seoul to set up joint venture . _,,..
unrier a special Committee for Ocean Development which, in turn, wa.s an
Al<U IS
outgrowth of the Japa.n-Korea.-Taiwan Economic Liaison Committee, established ....-la.st summer. NCNA :indicated Oce,an Development Committee will meet in
Tokyo this. l)ecember to determine the investment shares of each country
and to nominate a staff for the company. NCNA added that the three countli:ies
have agreed temporarily to "shelve" or "freeze" titles of the PRC
and North Korea to certain islands
_J
DRAFTED BV: ..,_, ·ROC. MEM D . 11 .c;,•1.. • " c onne ( DRAFTING DA T E TEL. EXT,
12/7/70 21321 APP.R.OVEO BY:
EA:RCX::: T CLEARANCES:
EA/ J - Mr. McEl~ Mr • . ~n L/0 - Mr. Nordquis EA/ACA - Mr. Bennett~ Ea/K - Mr~ N~wsom ~
... :.> _:F9RM'. ~S·322' _· 4 -· 68 · -·· . . . .
.- ... _ .. ·.
50052
'
Reproduced at lhe National Archiv~t \
ORAFTE:D BY: DRAFTING DATE:
. · ~ \
··?M~:: :,':tg:~~:;_~~;??t ···-
DRAFTED av,
CLEARANCES:
FO~M DS-322 '1 • 68 -
q '
50054
CONFIDENTIAL Classificall on
'• ;"· .
Reproduced at the National Archives
\, .,;~J~jt~ ..
. ,: •= '1-'1\J)?.lU ,- .fo~tp,,_ SEO'lJ;L· '" ''! ,-; ,P,~GE: 3\·,'.,
-_)G-./ :;::·»~·s':i:·:at8':£~· Bi~~ -·--:•fi:rmr,.J.-<;f;,;;::J~9¢Illb~f? ffi~~_tiJi /:1:ti-· •· · · .Tokyo '·te ?~r~-ate· j oint _--·~i~}~ck,company? S: :Wli6i•:;w£1F
_particiI>'~nt's?_ .. . ,·, . '-, .. .
G1?-3
END
..J DRAFTING DATE TEL, EX.T . APPROVED BY:
CONF I DEN]U AL Classification
50055
·-------..
Subject: Cornmun±st ChineiseLeg-~l I;?osition on Terr.i:torial .. Seas :iand Seabeds
.,,r poL '3· 3-C·/IJ/tltf'S~tf -
Reproduced at the National Archives
With reference to Mrs. Da:v:fs.,,s mem6:r.andum of November 2:'3-, 1970, I - am enclosing:, .4::pre-liminary discussion of the recent statements. mada by Peking in regard to the Senkaku Islands, the continental shelf in the Yellow and East China Seas; and the claims of some Latin American nations to a 200-mile territorial seas. Prior to re.ceipt of· Mrs. Davis's memo, the Department had undertaken a comprehensive study of the complex political, economic, legal, and commercial problems ensuing from conflicting claims to the Chinese continental shelf. This study will be completed on December 31. A copy will be forwarded to you as soon as it is available.
/~kd--C'1 L . ~._,;,,-r r Theodore L •. Eliot, Jr. Executive Secretary
Enclosure:
As stated.
_.,...... EA/ACA:FCBennett, Jr.:ced 12-11-70 x-22656
o,:l ~{;;ranees: EA/ACA - Mr. JenkinsV EA - Mr. Bardach (draft) <~:i..
(in draft) EA/ROC - Miss McDonnell '~- L/EA-Mr. Greenwald (drft) :: 11 EA/J - Mr. McElroy ,·-- -.. L/OA -Mr. C. Pitman . " EA/ROK - Miss Rowberg -•-- .--~- J_draft:) 11 E/ORF/FSE - Mr. Ericksen -~L/EA-MrikFutterman
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CONFIDENTIAL/NOFORI.~
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CONFIDENTIAL/NOFORN
December 11, 1970
SUBJECT: Preliminary Discussion of Peking's Recent Statements on Latin American Claims to a 200-Mile Territorial Sea, Its Continental Shelf, and the Senkaku Islands
1. On November 20, 1970, _Peking declared China's support for Latin American nations which claim a 200-mile territorial sea but did not assert such a claim for the PRC. The statement was probably an · expression of sympathy and support for those Latin American countries, timed to gain their support on the Chirep issue in the United Nations. Officially, the PRC claims only a 12-mile territorial sea on a base-line system.
2. On December 3, 1970, the international service of the official news agency of the People's Republic of China (PRC) published an article claiming sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands, uninhabited islets north of Taiwan which are under U.S. administration but are scheduled to be returned to Japan as part of the Okinawa · reversion. It also denounced an ECAFEsponsored geophysical survey =.nd subsequent exploratory activity in the Yellow and East China Seas undertaken by the Republic of China (GRC), Republic of Korea (ROK), and Japan, as a US/Japanese plot to obtain petroleum from "China's shallow waters." {Almost the . entire shelf in the East china Sea is less than 200 meters deep.) The last sentence of the articlewarned that the US and Japan will suffer if. "they do not reti:-act their claws of aggression and a:re· bent. on· acti,ng ·arbitrarily ." tbnderscori~g added.) On December 4 the domestic service of the official news agency explicitly stated that "the -underseas oil resources of Taiwan province and its auxiliary islands and · · waters surrounding these islands, as well as those in shallow sea . areas · near China, _belong naturally and completely to China. II · ·
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50056
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3. The 1969 ECAFE report postulated that sediments beneath the Chinese continental shelf and in the Yellow Sea, particularly the shallow sea floor between Taiwan and Japan, are potentially rich in oil and gas. The area immediately north of Taiwan, i.e. in · the vicinity of the Senka~us, _was held to show particular promise. Since release of the report, Taiwan's state-owned Chinese Petroleum Corporation has signed contracts for joint offshore exploration with four us ·companies, including Gulf Oil, which has been assigned an area around.the Senkaku group and areas · already explored by a Japanese expedition. Japan has applied to the Ryukyus Government for a concession which would overlap some of the area assigned by the GRC. to Gulf. Taiwan's claims further north overlap with an area under application in Japan for Teikoku Oil. Gulf has just started geological surveys in the zone ass~gned to it by the· GRC. ·
· 4. In addition, to the southwest of Kyushu, the ROK has claimed areas already assigned by Japan to Nippon Oil (with Caltex participating) and others. Part of this area has reportedly beeri assigned to Wendell Phillips--an independent company distinct from Phillips Petroleum.
5. The extent of the American commercial stake in this problem is not clear at present. However, the following us firms already hold concessions from the GRC and.the ROK:
J GRC: ROK: Gulf
2.
Gulf / Amoco Oceanic Exploration co. Clinton International
Wendell Phillips Socal-Texas {daltex)
In addition, .· _:the ... ROK has_::gr.an·\:;:e,d ·.·corice·s5~0n~ to .. . :""•·
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alone is in the neighborhood of 56 million dollars·. Some of the American oil firms have been cautioned
, by the Department regarding the complication,~ and potential dangers of exploitation in . this area.
6. The claims of Peking and Taipei are both based on the claim to be the · legitimate government of all China. Accordingly~ every continental shelf area claimed by either state may be assumed to be in
.dispute between them. The Japanese claims to a portion of the shelf are largely based on its claim to residual sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands. The'GRC has denied· the Japanese claim to the Senkakus, but is still considering whether to assert its own claim. Consequently, in addition to the basic PRCGRC conflict, all continental shelf areas whose entitlement may be based on ownership of the Senkakus :are in dispute, and great areas under the . East China Sea are also subject to . overlapping claims.·
7. It appears that the PRC has been studying the Senkaku Islands and the Chinese continental · shelf problem for some time and it may be contemplating a formal announcement of its claims to continental shelf resources. On the other hand, the Chinese Communists do not need new petroleum sources at present and would find it difficult to conduct extensive surveying and drilling at any distance from their shores. It is possible, therefore, that the December 3 declaration has two pu'rposes, to put all interested parties on notice that a) Peking will not accept exp lo.ration and exploitation of its continental shelf by firms under contract to othe.r governlllents including the rival government on Taiwan, and b) that it is willing to coine to some arrangement regarding exploitation of its shelf. The last S.s!ntence of the December 3 article could conceivably be interpreted as an invitation to private companies in Ja:e,an and · ·~. possibly othe:rs for a joint development ventur.e .. · A J precedent for tl;i.is i .s the "friendly firm" .t .:i:,~de, ·· ··• · ·,.· . . f between the I(RC'. .. and Japan and the agr:eement.· between:: · .·. . "'.·.·•~···.··.·' i:./.: ... ·.t.·.•
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officially the exclusive right to dispose of the resources in China's continental -shelf. This need may come sooner rather than later because of''the rapidly developing, conflicting claims by Japan, · the Republic of Korea, the Ryukyus Government; and Taiwan. ·
8. From a· foreign policy standpoint, _the US is confronted by the totally conflicting claims of the PRC and the GRC, and by the fact the PRC now claims· the Senkaku Islands which the US has already declared will go to Japan as part of the Okinawa reversion settlement. A general settlement ·of the problem in the Senkaku.portion of the Chinese continental shelf seems difficult in view of the ; barriers posed by the Chirep/Chirec issues and the · open hostility the PRC has expressed towards not only the GRC and the ROK, but to a growing degree toward the Sato Government in Japan. There :is also the problem of conflicting PRC-ROK, _and PRC- . Japanese claims to areas · of the continental shelf•.·
9. One of the most important problems for the USG concerns the activities of American firms in the disputed area and the possibility of PRC action against them. Obviously, frcr.-, the companies' point of view, they cannot remain inactive or the concession areas will be given to Japanese firms, BP, _Shell, etc. At the same time, the con·cessions under which the companies are operating are in conflict and the risks are great, all the more so in the absence .of a. ,clear upderstanding of PRC intentions. · · · · ·
10. The DepartIJ1ent' has been aware of the ~devi;lopment of ·this -.compl~x_i ,;di:f'ticult// and ,potentially : cl~fiserous situation from \its ,tric'=ption and currently }1as::under :
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INRB-226
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'An unequiVoc~l: i)eckinb~l'-29 l'eople 1's,l)~i1y co~ntarywa~hs· the. ·united
States and· Japan to cease ;oil survey operations in the shallow waters along
the mainland coast and in the seabed around Taiwan and 11 the is.lands
appertaining thereto." Among those islands specifically cited in this
category as "China's sacred territory 11 are the Tiaoyu (Senkaku) islands,
where US oil companies under contract to the Chinese Petroleum Company in
Taiwan have been conducting explorations for the past several months.
Explicitly terming these operations an encroachment on Chinese sovereignty,.
the People's Daily quotes Hao in assuring that the Chinese people wilJ defend
their territory and sovereignty and 11 absolutely will not permit encroachment
by foreign governments. 11
The article is vague as to the consequences of continued exploratory
activity. However, the clarity and authority with which Peking condemns the
operations and asserts its sovereignty suggest a real possibility of some
Chinese Communist action against the oil company vessels in the disputed
area. Peking's naval and air operations in response to what it regards as
encroachments along the periphery of t~e China mainland have become somewhat
L>older during the past year. In addition, the Chinese have noted with
This report was produced by the Bureau of Intelligence and• Re.search. Aside from. normal substantive. e~change with other. agencies at.:,the· wodciiig level, it has not been coordinated elsewhere.
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