rfp: request for project
TRANSCRIPT
RFP: Request For Project
RFP: Request For Project
Architecture Framework for Local GovernmentEstablished under ordinance 2001
Course:CS 578 IT Architecture
Quarter Spring 2006
By
Dr. Shafay ShamailAssociate ProfessorHead Department of Computer Science
M Kashif FarooqTA & RA
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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................... 3
Local Government System In Pakistan.......................................................................................4
Vertical Perspective...................................................................................................................... 8
Scope of work:.............................................................................................................................. 9
Roadmap:...................................................................................................................................... 9
Work Breakdown in working groups:.......................................................................................10
Terms of Reference (TORs).......................................................................................................10
Document Guidelines:................................................................................................................11
Bibliography:............................................................................................................................... 13
Annexure A: Process Flow Diagram.........................................................................................14
Annexure B: Process Flow Sheet..............................................................................................16
Annexure C : Sample ESD Diagrams........................................................................................17
Annexure D: Service Delivery Model.........................................................................................19
Annexure E: Basic ESD Analysis..............................................................................................20
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Introduction
The objective of this project is to study and develop an e-government framework1 and enterprise architecture (EA)2 in perspective of Pakistan’s traditional local government structure (as per local government ordinance 2001)
The document produced will be a Reference Model for:
further advanced study and research
human resource development of ICT public sector
formulation of a standardized policy for public sector ICT projects
basic input for Change Management and Business Process Engineering
aligning and integrating all components of e-government
legal, financial and implementation framework
Every country has multilevel government structures like (federal, provincial and local governments) and each layer of government has further sub-layers like political and bureaucratic structure. In this way distribution and pooling of powers and resources become more complex. All government rules of business available in different official documents like acts, policies and summaries that is not understandable for ICT planners. All these complexities are inherited in e-government structure. Business modeling or EA are the techniques to further develop e-government architecture.
e-Government architecture or framework is the blue print of vertical and horizontal integration of ICT components having different layers (enterprise business rule layer to the technical layer). In this way each layer has its own standard notations and design. There are many frameworks or EAs available for mega ICT projects of e-governance. Each framework or EA has its own advantages and disadvantages and limits.
Next section gives a brief introduction to the local government system in Pakistan. For further studies and other related systems see [].
1 Framework: A logical structure for classifying and organizing complex information.2 Enterprise Architecture (EA): A strategic information asset base, which defines the business, the information necessary to operate the business, the technologies necessary to support the business operations, and the transitional processes necessary for implementing new technologies in response to the changing business needs. It is a representation or blueprint.
Baseline architecture: the set of products or services that portray the existing enterprise, the current business practices, and technical infrastructure. Commonly referred to as the .As-Is. architecture.
Target architecture: the set of products or services that portray the future or end-state enterprise, generally captured in the organization’s strategic thinking and plans. Commonly referred to as the .To-Be. architecture.
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Local Government System In PakistanNational Reconstruction Bureau (NRB) Pakistan
http://www.nrb.gov.pk
Introduction
A new local government system was installed in 2001 for establishing genuine and sustainable democracy for durable governance and irreversible transfer of power to the people. The system has three levels of local government: district (zila), tehsil (taluka)/town and union. There are 117 districts including 4 city districts, 358 tehsils, 62 towns in City Districts and 6,139 unions.
Province-wise position of local areas under the Local Government Ordinances 2001 is given in the table below:
Province Districts Tehsils Towns Union Councils
Federal Capital Area 1 - - 12
Punjab 35 130 38 3464
Sindh 23 103 18 1110
NWFP 24 50 4 986
Balochistan 28 75 2 567
FATA 7 Agencies - - -
Total 110+7=117 358 62 6139
The present day local government system in Pakistan stems from the reforms introduced in 1999 when the Government of President Pervaiz Musharaf proposed a seven point agenda to address the issues of national reconstruction:
Rebuilding national confidence and morale;
strengthening the federation whilst removing inter-provincial disharmony; reviving investor confidence; ensuring law and order; depoliticising state institutions; ensuring across the board accountability; and devolving power to the grass roots level.
National Reconstruction Bureau (NRB) was set up on 18 November, 1999, to work on reconstruction of institutions of the State.
Local Government Plan 2000The blue print of local government system was announced by the Chief Executive of Pakistan on 23rd March, 2000, and final plan was announced on 14th August, 2000. The Local Government Ordinances were promulgated by the Provincial Governments on 14th August, 2001 as provincial legislation
Guiding PrinciplesWith the installation of local governments in the districts, the power stands devolved to the locally elected representatives and decentralization of administrative and financial authority to local governments. The system has been designed to ensure that the genuine interests of the people are served and their rights safeguarded. The strategy for devolution of power was based on three Basic Principles, viz., People-Centered Development, Rights and Responsibility-Based, and
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Service Oriented Government, thus creating an enabling environment in which people can start participating in community development and be the masters of their own destiny.
Legal Basis For Local Government System Constitutional provisions
Articles 32 and 140-A of Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973, provide as under:-
32. Promotion of local Government institutions.- The State shall encourage local Government institutions composed of elected representatives of the areas concerned and in such institutions special representation will be given to peasants, workers and women.
140-A. Local Government.- Each Province shall, by law, establish a local government system and devolve political, administrative and financial responsibility and authority to the elected representatives of the local government.
In order to strengthen the local government system, the Provincial Local Government Ordinances, 2001 have been included in the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution for a period of six years and these ordinances can only be amended with the previous sanction of the President after consultation with the Prime Minister in accordance with the provisions of Article 268 (2) of the Constitution.
Democratic and Political Structures In Local Government
The democratic system is uniform across the four provinces, with direct elections for seats in union councils, and indirect elections for reserved seats of women, peasants/ workers and minorities, tehsils/towns and districts/city districts councils. Councillors are elected on non-party basis and serve a four-year term. Bye-elections for seats of councillors falling vacant or remaining vacant are held annually and vacant seats of Nazim and Naib Nazim are filled within 120 days through elections conducted by Election Commission of Pakistan. Voters age is 18 years.
Functions and Powers of CouncilsThe functions and powers of Zila, Tehsil/Town and Union Councils are provided in the law. The councils approve bye-laws and local taxes proposed by the respective administrations. They also approve long term and short term development plans, annual and supplementary budgetary proposals.
All councils elect committees from amongst their members for monitoring the performance of their respective administration. Monitoring Committees are required to perform their functions in a non-intrusive manner without interfering in the day to day working of the relevant offices. The councils review the Monitoring Committees quarterly reports. In addition to Monitoring Committees, Councils elect other committees like Insaf (Justice), Accounts, Sports and Ethics. The Zila councils also elect members of the Zila Council to represent in District Public Safety Commissions.
Success of decentralization depends on resourcesDecentralization requires lot resources like HR, offices, finance and etc
Ordinance 2001Details are available in document at www.nrb.gov.pk
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Political Democratic
Political Democratic
Bureaucratic
Structure
Field Offices1-n
Field Offices1-n
Field Offices1-n
Field Offices1-n
Field Offices1-n
Field Offices1-n
Field Offices1-n
Field Offices1-nField Offices
1-n
Field Offices1-n
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Vertical Perspective
National Policy to grassroots level
Federal Government (Ministries & Divisions)Agriculture Social Education Finance Health IT Law Literacy CBR
Provincial Government (Administrative Departments)Agriculture Social Education Finance Health IT Law Literacy BOR
DirectoratesAgriculture Social Education Finance Health IT Law Literacy
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Field offices may be Colleges Schools Police Stations Investigation Centers Hospitals Health Care Centers etc
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Scope of work:EA framework for a generic local e-government
Business ArchitectureBaseline EA (As Is Analysis)Classification of servicesTarget EA
Roadmap: Study of current multilevel government structure
Study of Local Government Ordinance 2001 by www.nrb.gov.pk
OBS (Organizational Breakdown Structure)Sketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001 by www.nrb.gov.pkAvailable material and organogram of departments from websites and visits
WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) of each unitSketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001 by www.nrb.gov.pkUse Available guidelines for WBS
Baseline EA (Business modeling)o As-Is Analysis
Identification of Business Processes from WBSThere are number of guidelines for WBS.
Classification of Processes Graphical Presentations
Use CaseBy using UML notations
Process Flow DiagramsBy using Description Template (Annexure A & B)By using BPMN 1.0 (developed by BPMI).
Target EAo To-Be Analysis
Proposes Electronic Service Delivery (ESD) Classification of ESDs Process Flow Diagram of each service delivery
As per sample Diagrams (Annexure C) Sequence Diagram
As per sample Diagrams (Annexure C)
ESD Analysiso Analyze each component of electronic service delivery
Use Table (Annexure E) Preparation of Viewpoint
o Draw macro level diagrams for each integrated service delivery system
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Work Breakdown in working groups:
# Roll# Name Project Area
1 2004-03-0020 Muhammad Hassan Khan Health
2
2005-03-0087 Muhammad Aurangzeb
Finance & Planning2005-03-0050 Asif Rafiq Rajwana
2005-03-0035 Umair Ijaz Chaudhry
3 2003-03-0025 Muhammad Hassan Community Development
42005-03-0088 Muhammad Abdul Rehman Akbar Khan
Agriculture2005-03-0010 Wasif Hussain
5 2005-03-0001 Malik Shehzad Kaleem Awan Literacy
62006-02-0132 Muhammad Hassan Naeem
Education2006-02-0077 Faizan Mustafa Chohan
Terms of Reference (TORs)
# Project BreakdownTarget Time
(Weaks)Marks
1
1.Study of current multilevel government structurei. Study of Local Government Ordinance 2001& 02 by
www.nrb.gov.pkii. Other material available on site
2.OBS (Organizational Breakdown Structure)i. Sketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001 & 02 by
www.nrb.gov.pkii. Available material and organogram of departments from
websites and visits
1.5Thursday W3
10%
2
WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) of each uniti. Sketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001& 02 by
www.nrb.gov.pkii. Use Available guidelines for WBS
1.5Tuesday W5
10%
3 Baseline EA (Business modeling)As-Is Analysisi. Identification of Business Processes from WBS
There are number of guidelines for WBS. ii. Classification of Processes (Annexure D)iii. Graphical Presentations
1. Use CaseBy using UML notations
2. Process Flow DiagramsBy using Description Template (Annexure C) By using BPMN 1.0 (developed by BPMI).Guidelines
2Tuesday W7
30%
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are at Annexure A
4
Target EATo-Be Analysisi. Proposes Electronic Service Delivery (ESD)ii. Classification of ESDs (Annexure E)iii. Process Flow Diagram of each service delivery
By using Description Template (Annexure C)iv. Sequence Diagram (Annexure B)
3Tuesday
W1030%
ESD AnalysisAnalyze each component of electronic service delivery
5
Presentation and VivaDraw macro level diagrams for each integrated service delivery system
20%
Document Guidelines:
Individual Task Title:
Chapter X
All body text will be Font ArialFont Size 10 PtLine Space SinglePictures and Tables will be centre of page horizontally
Document Layout:
X.1 Introduction (Heading 2 Font Arial, 12 Pt, Bold Space 0.6 before & after)One page Introduction of given area.
AS-IS Analysis
X.2 OBS: Organizational Breakdown Structure(by using MS Word Organizational Chart default)
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As each working group has assigned a Chapter #
FormattingHeading 1Arial, Bold, 14 PtSpace 0.6 before & after
As each working group has assigned a Chapter #
FormattingHeading 1Arial, Bold, 14 PtSpace 0.6 before & after
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If organization have control office and field office then draw OBS separately X.2.1, X.2.2
X.3 OBS: Work Breakdown Structure
(by using MS Word Organizational Chart default)
If organization have control office and field office then draw OBS separately X.2.1, X.2.2
X.3 Classification of Services
Use table # Service Name Category
X.3.1
X.4 Process Flow Process SheetUse annexure CDiagramUse Visio or any other as per Annexure AUse X.4.1, X.4.2, …….
TO-BE Analysis
X.5 Use CasesUse UML notations (these use case will be at macro level)X.5.1, X.5.2 etc
X.6 Sequence Diagrams
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G2C, G2G, G2G, G2E G2C, G2G, G2G, G2E
RFP: Request For Project
Use UML notations (these use case will be at macro level)X.6.1, X.6.2 etc
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Bibliography:
1. National Reconstruction Bureau (NRB) Pakistan, http://www.nrb.gov.pk
2. Local Government Ordinances 2001, NRB, Pakistan
3. “BPMN 1.0”,BPMI
4. “An e-Government Cooperative Framework for Government Agencies”, Proceedings of
the 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences – 2005
5. “PPP Options for ESD Model of Local e-government”, ICEG 2005, M Kashif Farooq,
LUMS, Lahore, Pakistan - 2005
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Annexure A: Process Flow Diagram
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Annexure B: Process Flow SheetBusiness Process ID <BP-nnnnnn>Business Process Name <Name of Business Process>Author <Name of Author>Created On <dd/mm/yyyy>
Date when the document was originally createdVersion <This defines the version no.>Description of Business Process
<A brief description of the business process>
Goal of the Business Process
<Indicate the ultimate goal of the business process i.e. value-add of the process>
Start Event <A business process can be started in more than one way. The Trigger for a Start Event is designed to show the general mechanisms that will instantiate that particular Process. A start events may be: None, Message, Timer, Rule, Link, and Multiple.>
Inputs <Indicates the inputs and its medium required by the process>
Outputs <Describes the end output of the process >Complexity <Describes the complexity level of the business
process. The complexity may be Low, Medium or High>No. of People Involved <Indicates the total no. of people (resources) who are
involved in the execution of the business process at different points of time>
Duration of Business Process
<Indicates the average life span of the business process from start to end>
No. of Steps <Indicates the total no. of steps the process takes to complete. Details of individual steps are documented separately>
Frequency <Indicates how frequently the process is executed>Capacity of Business Process
<It is the maximum output rate of the process measured in units produced per unit time.>
Capacity Utilization (%) <Indicates the percentage of the process capacity that is being actually utilized>
Flow Time <It is the average time that a unit requires to flow through the process from the entry point to the exit point. It is the length of the longest path through the process. It includes both processing time and any time the unit spends between steps >
Cycle Time <Indicates the time between successive units as they are output from the process. It can also be thought of as the time required for a task to repeat itself.>
Idle Time <It is the time when no activity is being performed e.g. when an activity is waiting for work to arrive from a previous activity>
Effective Time <It is Flow Time less Idle Time>Set-up Time <It is the time needed to prepare an environment (or
equipment) required for the execution of a business process>
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Annexure C : Sample ESD Diagrams
ESD flow diagram (Specimen)
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Sequence Diagram (specimen)“An e-Government Cooperative Framework for Government Agencies”, Proceedings of the 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - 2005
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Viewpoints:define abstractions on the set of models representing the enterprise architecture or Business Model, each aimed at a particular type of stakeholder and addressing a particular set of concerns. The use of viewpoints is widely advocated for managing the inherent complexity in enterprise architecture. Viewpoints can both be used to view certain aspects in isolation, and for relating two or more aspects. However, in order to make such a viewpoint-oriented approach practically feasible, architects require a tool environment, which supports the definition, generation, editing and management of architectural views.
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Annexure D: Service Delivery Model
District CoordinationAgricultureCommunity DevelopmentITFinance & Planning EducationHealthLawLiteracy RevenueWorks & Services
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Government Breakdown Structure
Work or Service Breakdown Structure
Service Clustering Approach
Grouping or assembling of services in Gateways or Portals
Like G2C, G2B, G2G, G2E
Government Breakdown Structure
Work or Service Breakdown Structure
Service Clustering Approach
Grouping or assembling of services in Gateways or Portals
Like G2C, G2B, G2G, G2E
Office 1Office 1 Office 2Office 2
Sub Office 1Sub Office 1 Sub Office 3Sub Office 3
SectionsSections
UnitsUnits
WingsWings
WingsWings
Work or Service Breakdown Structure of each smaller wing, section or unit
Service Delivery
Service Delivery
Service Delivery
Service Delivery
Service Delivery
Go
vernm
en
t Breakd
ow
n S
tructu
re
Workflowe-PaymentsCommon Financial EngineBase Map for GIS Layers & GPSEmployment Management Servicese-Procuremente-BudgetDMSe-Complaint CellERPE-FileLand Registrye-Health
As Is To Be Analysis, BPR, Open Distribution Processing (ODP) as per IEEEof each service delivery to design each ESD: Electronic Service Delivery
Service C LU S T E R I N G
Approach
Sub Office 2Sub Office 2
Transition: From Traditional Services to ESD: Electronic Service Delivery
This phase requiresDesigning: (by consultants) Service Clustering Approach As Is To Be AnalysisBPR for ESDODP Modeling
Enterprise ViewpointInformation ViewpointEngineering ViewpointTechnology ViewpointComputational Viewpoint
Implementation Model:Development & Operations byPublic & Private Sectors
Transition: From Traditional Services to ESD: Electronic Service Delivery
This phase requiresDesigning: (by consultants) Service Clustering Approach As Is To Be AnalysisBPR for ESDODP Modeling
Enterprise ViewpointInformation ViewpointEngineering ViewpointTechnology ViewpointComputational Viewpoint
Implementation Model:Development & Operations byPublic & Private Sectors
Portals or Gateways
G2CGovernment to Citizen
G2BGovernment to Business
G2GGovernment to Government
G2EGovernment to Employee
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Annexure E: Basic ESD Analysis
ESD ID
Category
G2C,G2B,G2G,G2E
Static Info
e-Presence
Downloadable e-Form Authentication Level
NADRA Authentication
PKI Need
Need of Biometric
Complete ESD
Any Visit is req.
(F-to-F)
Financial Transaction
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