The heart and vascular system

Draw a quick diagram of the heart and label RA, RV, LA, LV, Septum, atrioventricular

valves and semilunar valves What is the function of the valves (1)

Pulmonary circulation is- carry deox away from heart and to the lungs

Systemic circulation is- carry ox blood away from the heart to the tissues

Can you use this terminology to explain the cardiac impulse?

Can you describe what happens during each phase?

Cardiac impulse MYOGENIC SA NODE AV NODE BUNDLE OF HIS PURKINJE FIBRES

Cardiac cycle ATRIAL DIASTOLE VENTRICULAR

DIASTOLE ATRIAL SYSTOLE ATRIAL DIASTOLE

Heart rate Stroke volume Cardiac output Untrained at rest 80 x 70 = 5.6 lmin Trained at rest 110 x 51 = 5.6 lmin Untrained max ex 110 x 190 = 19.8 lmin Trained max ex 190 x 200 = 38lmin

What is hypertrophy and bradycardia?

Sketch a graph- label the axis!! 2 lines for max and submax exercise

CCC NEURAL FACTORS- Chemoreceptors,

baroreceptors, proprioceptors

HORMONAL FACTORS- Noradrenalin, adrenaline

INTRINSIC FACTORS- Venous return, starlings law of the heart

Sympathetic- speed up HR Parasympathetic – slow down HR

Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins

Precapillary spincters

Gravity Skeletal muscle pump Respiratory pump Valves Venomotor conrol- veins have a limited ability

to vasoconstrict and increase blood velocity

Vascular shunt describe this using the following terms- blood redistribution, muscles, organs, vasomotor control, vasoconstriction, vasodilation, precapillary spincters

How does blood transport oxygen? (2) Identify 3 ways CO2 is transported in the

blood (3) Heart rate is regulated by hormonal, neural

and intrinsic factors. How does the nervous system detect and respond to changes in HR during exercise (4)

What is meant by the term the venous return mechanism? (2)

What effect does an enhanced venous return have on cardiac output and stroke volume (3)