Chapter 1 – Graphs & Equations in 1-D

Scalar and vector quantities Distance vs displacement Speed vs. velocity D vs T graphs V vs T graphs Calculate Slope & Area

under the curve on various graphs

Acceleration due to gravity / maximum height questions

Kinematics formulas

Chapter 2 – Vector Components & Motion in 2-D

Adding and subtracting vectors

Vector components (resolving vectors)

Relative motion Projectile motion

1. A vacationer, on her newly purchased sailboat, moves at a constant velocity of 9.0 m/s [south] for 35 min and then returns in the opposite direction at a velocity of 4.0 m/s in 45 min. The average velocity of the sailor for this trip is

a. 1.7 m/s [south]b. 5.0 m/s [south]c. 6.9 m/s [south]d. 13 m/s [south]

2. Below is a velocity-time graph for an in-line skater on the way to school.

After 15.0 s of skating, the magnitude of the displacement of the skater is

a. 1.2 x 102 mb. 15 mc. 8.0 md. 0 m

3. A plane, initially at rest, accelerates down a runway, reaching a velocity of 270 km/h [E] in 27.0 s. The acceleration of the plane during take-off is

a. 1.00 m/s2 [E]b. 2.00 m/s2 [E]c. 2.78 m/s2 [E]d. 3.60 m/s2 [E]

4. A cyclist, with an initial velocity of 18.0 m/s [north], accelerates at 2.40 m/s2 [south] and comes to a complete stop. The distance required for the cyclist to come to a complete stop is

a. 67.5 m [north] b. 67.5 m [south]c. 7.50 m [north]d. 7.50 m [south]

5. A piece of metal works itself loose from the top of a microwave tower and falls directly to the ground in 2.32 s. The height of the microwave tower is

a. 52.8 mb. 26.4 mc. 13.2 md. 9.81 m

6. A cannon muzzle on a gunship, set at an angle of 40.0o above the horizontal, fires a shell with a speed of 700 km/h. The maximum range of the shell is

a. 1.83 kmb. 3.80 kmc. 4.53 kmd. 7.59 km

7. A football is thrown at a velocity, , of 60.0 km/h [E] to a receiver whose position, relative to the thrower, is 40.0 m [E]. A wind is blowing from the west at a speed of 30.0 km/h, . The resultant velocity, , of the football relative to the ground is

a. 9.5 km/hb. 30 km/hc. 67 km/hd. 90 km/h

8. A soccer ball is kicked from the ground with a speed of 12.0 m/s at an angle of 40.0o. It returns to the ground in a time of 1.57 s. At the instant of being kicked, the horizontal and vertical components of the velocity of the soccer ball are, respectively,

a. 7.71 m/s, and 9.19 m/sb. 9.19 m/s, and 7.71 m/s

c. 15.7 m/s, and 18.7 m/sd. 18.7 m/s, and 15.7 m/s

9. A ball is thrown into the air at an angle of 60.0o and lands on the ground 40.0 m away in 2.80 s. The maximum height reached by the ball in its flight is

a. 1.36 mb. 2.52 mc. 10.4 md. 31.2 m

10. Using the graph above, the velocity of the car when 10.0 s have elapsed is

a. 20.0 m/sb. 2.00 m/sc. 20.0 m/s [east]d. 2.00 m/s [east]

11. Two friends decide to have a friendly race on their bikes. The girl travels at a speed of 6.0 m/s while her boyfriend speeds off in the same direction at a speed of 6.5 m/s. If they both start from the same starting point, how much farther will the boyfriend have travelled in 15 s?

a. 0.50 m b. 6.0 m

c. 6.5 m d. 7.5 m

12. Which of the following is false regarding an object that is accelerating?

a. An object that is accelerating has motion that is constant.

b. An object that is accelerating has motion that is decreasing.

c. An object that is accelerating has motion that is increasing.

d. An object that is accelerating has motion that is changing direction.

Numeric Response

1. The total displacement of the object after 18.0 s is ________ m [W]. (Record your two-digit answer on the answer sheet.)

2. A speedboat accelerates uniformly from rest at 3.0 m/s2. The distance the speedboat will travel between 4.0 s and 6.0 s is ______ m. (Record your two-digit answer on the answer sheet.)

Long Answer

1. A kicked soccer ball travels 20 m [E], careens off another player, and travels 10 m [60o S of E]. What is the net displacement of the ball? [

2. A coin is dropped from a hot-air balloon. The distance the coin will fall during the third second is ______ m. (Record your three-digit answer on the answer sheet.)

3. A getaway car from a bank robbery travels 22 km at 15o E of S and then changes course and travels 9 km at 37o W of N. If the entire trip took 200 minutes, what is the resultant velocity of the getaway car?

Gravitational Forces!-weight vs. mass

-action at a distance (gravity as a field)

-Gravitational Field Strength (acceleration of gravity)

-Newton’s Law of Gravitation Fg = Gm1m2/r2

-using proportions to solve for unknowns using Newton’s Gravitation formula

-true weight vs. apparent weight on elevators

Forces Can Change Velocity!- What are forces?... units, definition, laws!-Newton’s 1st law (Inertia) , 2nd law (F=ma) and 3rd law (Action/Reaction).-Friction- static and kinetic, “mu” value!-Inclined Planes, elevator problems & pulleys!-Free Body Diagrams

Q: Two cats are on a roof. Which slides off first?A: The one with the smaller mew (Greek letter mu - μ).

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. Which of the descriptions below are for situations involving dynamics?

I A soccer player exerts a force of 100 N on the ball to kick it toward the goal.

II The maximum speed a cheetah can reach on Earth is about 113 km/h.

III The force of gravity on a person on the moon is less than on Earth.

IV The acceleration of a ball drop toward Earth is 9.81 m/s2.

Choose your answer from the following.a. I and II only c. I and IV onlyb. III and IV only d. I and III only

2. What are the base units of the SI unit of force, the newton (N)?

a. kg·m/s c. kg·m/s2

b. kg·m2/s d. kg·m2/s2

3.In a tractor pull, four tractors are connected by strong chains to a heavy load. Tractors A and B pull with forces of 4000 N [E] and 3000 N [E], respectively. Tractors C and D pull with forces of 3500 N [W] and 2500 N [W], respectively. The

force of friction exerted by the ground on the load is 750.0 N. What is the net force on the load?

a. 2250 N [E] c. 1000 N [E]b. 1750 N [E] d. 250 N [E]

____ 4.The four vectors in the diagram represent forces of equal magnitude acting on a ball. Which of the following vectors best represents the net force acting on the ball?

a.

b.

c.

d.

____ 5.While moving horizontally forward at constant velocity on a snowmobile, the rider throws a ball straight up so that it reaches a height of 5 m. Ignoring air resistance, where

will the ball land?

a. back in the rider’s hand

c. behind the rider’s hand

b. in front of the rider’s hand

d. behind the snowmobile

6.The tension, , in a string attached to the object shown is equal to the force of gravity, , acting on the object. Which of the following motions is/are possible?

I The object is moving upward at constant velocity.II The object is moving downward at constant

velocity.III The object is stationary.

Choose your answer from the following.a. I only c. III onlyb. II only d. I, II, and III

7. A dynamics cart, initially at rest, is pulled with a constant net force. Which velocity-time graph best represents the motion of the cart?

a.

c.

b.

d.

____ 8. A net force gives a mass, m1, an acceleration of . The same net force gives a mass, m2, an acceleration . If the magnitude

of = , then is equal to _____ a. 4:1 b. 2:1 c. 1:2 d. 1:4

____ 9.

A light string with a mass at each end is hung over a frictionless light pulley, as shown. The pulley and masses are suspended from a newton spring scale. The acceleration due to gravity at this location is 10 m/s2 [down]. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the masses?

a. 1.0 m/s2 b. 2.0 m/s2 c. 3.3 m/s2 d. 6.7 m/s2

10. A 2.0-kg puck at rest on a horizontal frictionless platform is pushed north with a constant net force for 1.5 s and then released. When released, the velocity of the puck is 3.0 m/s [forward]. What is the displacement of the puck starting from rest in 2.25 s?

a. 4.5 m [north] c. 9.0 m [north]b. 5.1 m [north] d. 10 m [north]

____A First Nations hunter is using a snowmobile to drag a 20.0-kg sled up a wet, snowy hill that forms an angle of 25.0 with the horizontal, as shown. The coefficient of kinetic friction for the sled on wet snow is 0.140. Calculate the

force the snowmobile must exert to accelerate the sled at 2.00 m/s2 [uphill].

a. 24.9 N [uphill] c. 148 N [uphill]b. 82.8 N [uphill] d. 196 N [uphill]

12.What happens to the magnitude of the gravitational field strength if the distance from a planet doubles and the test mass quadruples? The gravitational field strength

a. doubles c. halvesb. remains the same d. quarters

13.For a test mass, which of the following graphs best represents the gravitational field strength, g, versus the distance from Earth’s centre, r?

a.

c.

b.

d.

14. The derived unit for the universal gravitational constant, G, is a. N·m/kg b. c. N·m2/kg2 d. N·kg2/m2

15. A spaceship moves so that the distance from the centre of Earth triples.

The force of gravity on the spaceship

a. becomes three times smaller

c. becomes nine times smaller

b. becomes three times larger

d. becomes nine times larger

16. An 80.0-kg astronaut is standing on a scale in a rocket. Which pair of free-body diagrams, drawn to scale, show the astronaut in a weightless condition and then in free fall in the presence of a gravitational field? is the force of gravity and is the normal force.I I

IIII

a. I weightless; I free fall c. I weightless; III free fallb. I weightless; II free fall d. II weightless; III free fallNumeric Response

17.Use the following information to answer the next question.

The magnitude of the net force acting on the object illustrated above is _____ N. (Record your three-digit answer on the answer sheet.) (63.6 N)

18.Use the following information to answer the next question.

Forces and Fields Definitions

1 Three-dimensional region of influence2 Region of influence surrounding any object

with mass3 Attractive force between two objects due to

their mass4 Gravitational force exerted on an object by a

celestial body

Match each of the definitions listed above with the appropriate term given below.Field ___ (Record in the first column.)Weight ___ (Record in the second

column.)Gravitational field ___ (Record in the third column.)Gravitational force

___ (Record in the fourth column.)

(Record all four digits of your answer on the answer sheet.)

Written A planet in a newly discovered planetary system has a mass of 4.65 x 1028 kg and a radius of 3.24 x 108 m. If a 2.00 kg rock was dropped from rest and allowed to fall 6.00 m to the planet’s surface, how long would it take the rock to reach the planet’s surface? (0.637 s)

[3 marks]

2. Use the following information to answer the next question.

The gravitational force exerted on Earth by the Moon is 1.9 X 1020 N [toward the Moon’s centre]. The gravitational force exerted on Earth by the Sun is 5.5 X 1022 N [toward the Sun’s centre]. Calculate the magnitude of the net gravitational force exerted on Earth by the Moon and the Sun. (5.48 X 1022 N)

3. Use the following information to answer the next question.

Using the distances above and the masses of the planets listed

on your data sheet, calculate the magnitude of the net gravitational force exerted on Earth by the Moon and

the Su. (3.5 X 1022 N)

Chapter 5 – Circular Motion

Speed and velocity in circular motion

Centripetal force (horizontal & vertical situations)

centripetal acceleration period & frequency Kepler’s 3 Laws Satellites & celestial bodies

in circular motion

Chapter 6 – Energy & Work

Work Potential, Kinetic and

Mechanical Energy Work – Energy Theorem Conservation of Energy Power Pendulum

1. The hard disk drive in a computer spins at a rate of 7.20 x 103 rpm. If the disk has a radius of 8.26 cm, what is the tangential speed of the outer edge of the disk?

a. 62.3 m/s b. 19.8 m/sc. 3.74 x 103 m/sd. 6.23 x 103 m/s

2. The carriages on a Ferris wheel travel at a speed of 1.86 m/s. If the wheel has a radius of 6.25 m, what is its period of rotation?

a. 3.48 sb. 10.6 sc. 18.7 sd. 21.1 s

3. A car is travelling around a horizontal circular track that has a radius of 85.0 m. If the speed of the car is constant at 24.0 m/s, what is the magnitude of its acceleration?

a. 0b. 2.42 m/s2

c. 9.81 m/s2

d. 6.78 m/s2

4. A 0.350 kg ball on a 1.75 m string is swung in a vertical circle. At the instant the ball moves through the top of the circle, it has a speed of 6.00 m/s. What is the tension in the string?

a. 7.20 Nb. 3.77 Nc. 10.6 Nd. 0 N

5. Which of the following are predicted by Kepler's laws for the motion of planets orbiting the Sun?

I. Planets move in elliptical orbits about the Sun.

II. Planets move such that in equal periods of time a line from the Sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas.

III. The speed of a planet is greatest when it is

farthest from the Sun.

a. I and II b. II and IIIc. I and IIId. I, II, and III

6. The moon Ariel orbits Uranus with an average radius of 1.91 x 108 m once every 2.18 x 105 s. If Uranus's moon Titania orbits with a radius of 4.36 x 108 m, what would you expect its period to be?

a. 7.52 x 105 sb. 4.98 x 105 sc. 3.78 x 105 sd. 3.92 x 105 s

7. A force of 56.0 N does work over a displacement of 24.5 m. If the angle between the force and the displacement is 35.0o, what is the work done by this force?

a. 1.37 x 103 Jb. 1.12 x103 Jc. 9.61x 102 Jd. 7.87 x 102 J

8. If a force of 256 N is applied to a spring, the spring is stretched a distance of 9.50 cm from its equilibrium position. What is the elastic constant of this spring?

a. 2.69 x 103 N/mb. 2.43 x 103 N/mc. 26.9 N/md. 24.3 N/m

9. A car with a mass of 1.60 x103 kg has 4.61 x 105 J of kinetic energy. What is the speed of the car?

a. 12.0 m/sb. 17.0 m/sc. 24.0 m/sd. 34.0 m/s

Chapter 6 – Energy & Work

Work Potential, Kinetic and

Mechanical Energy Work – Energy Theorem Conservation of Energy Power Pendulum

10. A force of 785 N [W] is applied to a cart with a mass of 68.0 kg. The cart is rolling with an initial velocity of 12.9 m/s [W]. The force acts over a displacement of 17.5 m [W], causing the cart to accelerate to a velocity of 24.7 m/s [W]. What is the work done by the force on the cart?

a. 1.37 x 104 Jb. 1.03 x 104 Jc. 1.51 x 104 Jd. 4.75 x103 J

11. A spring is compressed a distance of 15.0 cm as it slows a 7.50 kg mass to a stop. If the elastic constant of the spring is 3.20 x 104 N/m, what was the initial speed of the block?

a. 8.94 m/sb. 17.9 m/sc. 9.80 m/sd. 25.3 m/s

12. A crane lifts a pallet of lumber with a mass of 435 kg from the 4th to the 23rd floor of a building. If each floor has a height of 3.20 m, what is the work done against the force of gravity?

a. 2.73 x 105 Jb. 2.59 x 105 Jc. 2.46 x 105 Jd. 2.64 x 104 J

13. The Moon orbits Earth once every 27.32 days. What would be the orbital period of a satellite that orbits Earth with a radius that of the Moon's orbit?

a. 164 hb. 81.9 hc. 40.9 hd. 1.28 h

14. A 30.0 N centripetal force acts on a mass causing it to move in a circle with a radius of 0.750 m and a period of 1.50 s. If the radius of the circular motion is to be increased to 1.00 m and the period to be decreased to 1.00 s, what centripetal force would be required?

a. 10.0 Nb. 90.0 Nc. 20.0 Nd. 3.33 N

15. Venus, with a mass of 4.87 x 1024 kg, is held in orbit by the Sun's force of gravity. If the Venus orbits the Sun at a radius of 1.08 x 1011 m with a period of 1.94 x 107 s, what is the force of gravity that the Sun exerts on Venus?

a. 1.70 x 1029 Nb. 5.52 x 1022 Nc. 8.78 x 1021 Nd. 1.39 x 1021 N

Long Answer / Numeric Response

The diagram shows a skateboarder starting to roll down a hill. Assume that the skateboard rolls with negligible friction.

1. A skateboarder and his skateboard have a combined mass of 76.4 kg. The skateboarder passes a point P that is 3.90 m above bottom of the hill with a speed of 1.25 m/s. When he passes point Q that is 1.30 m above the bottom of the hill, the skateboarder has a speed of ______ m/s. (Record your three-digit answer on the answer sheet.) (7.97)

2. A 5.20 kg pail of water is swung in a vertical circle with a radius of 2.40 m. If the water in the pail is to stay at the bottom of the pail then the slowest speed that the pail could have at the top of the circle is _________ m/s. (Record your three-digit answer on the answer sheet.) (4.85)

3. If a satellite orbits Earth at an average height of 560 km, then the period of its orbit is a.bc x 10d s. The values of a, b, c, and d, respectively, are ______, ______, ______, and ______. (Record all four digits of your answer on the answer sheet.) (5743)

Simple Harmonic Motion (Oscillatory Motion)

-Oscillatory Motion of Springs and Pendulums

-Period and Frequency

-Hookes Law (F=-kx) and the spring constant

-Horizontal and Vertical Springs/Elastics

-How Position, Acceleration, Velocity and Time affects spring systems.

-Natural, Forced and Mechanical Resonance- examples, why,

Mechanical Waves-mechanical waves- transverse and longitudinal -amplitude, crest, trough, wavelength, frequency-universal wave equation-reflection-constructive and destructive interference-resonance and harmonics, closed and open ended instruments

Unit 4 Review Package

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. Which of the following conditions are necessary for oscillatory motion?

I. The motion must be repeated.II. The frequency must be constant.III. The period must be less than one hour.

a. I only c. II and III onlyb. I and II only d. I, II, and III

2. The restoring force exerted by a spring is N [N]. If the spring constant of this spring is N/m, what is the position of the spring?

a. 1.38 cm [N] c. 1.38 cm [S]b. 2.42 cm [N] d. 2.24 cm [S]

3. A harmonic oscillator consists of a 6.75-kg mass attached to a spring with a spring constant of N/m. If the mass, which oscillates on a horizontal frictionless surface, reaches a maximum speed of 5.90 m/s, what is the amplitude of the oscillation?

a. 0.226 m c. 0.292 mb. 0.259 m d. 0.315 m

4. What is the length of a pendulum on Earth that has a period of 1.00 s?

a. 49.8 cm c. 12.8 cmb. 24.8 cm d. 6.17 cm

Block on a SpringA block on a horizontal frictionless surface attached to a spring. Diagram is not to scale.

5. Refer to the diagram Block on a Spring to answer this question.

A block on a horizontal frictionless surface is attached to a spring, as shown in the diagram. When the block is released, it oscillates back and forth between the positions indicated by the vectors . Which points (I, II, and III) best indicate where the acceleration of the block will be zero?a. I and III c. II onlyb. I and II d. I, II, and III

6. Which of the following factors affect the period of a pendulum?

I. the length of the string supporting the bobII. the mass of the bobIII. the acceleration due to gravity in the region of the

pendulum

a. I and II c. I and IIIb. II and III d. I, II, and III

7. Which of the following is an example of mechanical resonance?

a. A bell ringer pulls on a bell rope to keep the bell ringing.b. A mass suspended on a spring is pulled down and

released.c. A tree branch oscillates in the wind.d. A pendulum gradually loses amplitude.

8. When a transverse wave moves through a medium, the medium

a. moves back and forth across the direction of motion of the wave but generally stays in the same place.

b. moves back and forth parallel to the direction of the wave’s motion but generally stays in the same place.

c. moves back and forth across the direction of motion of the wave as it travels in the direction of wave motion.

d. moves back and forth parallel to the motion of the wave as it travels in the direction of wave motion.

9. Which of the following statements applies/apply to the reflected pulse that is created when a pulse travelling along an ideal spring reflects from a fixed point at the end of the spring?

I. The pulse is inverted.II. The amplitude of the reflected pulse is less than the

amplitude of the incident pulse.

a. I only c. both I and II

b. II only d. neither I nor II

Wave Phase Points

10. Refer to the diagram Wave Phase Points to answer this question.

Listed below are four pairs of points from the wave train in the diagram. For which of these pairs of points is the distance between them equal to one wavelength?

I. C and GII. A and JIII B and K

IV. D and M

a. I, II, and III c. I, III, and IVb. II, III, and IV d. I, II, and IV

11. Refer to the diagram Wave Phase Points to answer this question.

Listed below are four pairs of points from the wave train diagram. Which of the pairs of points are in phase?

I. A and JII. G and NIII. E and NIV. C and L

a. I, II, and III c. I, III, and IVb. I, II, and IV d. II, III, and IV

12. Refer to the diagram Wave Phase Points to answer this question.

For which pair of points on the diagram is the vertical distance between their positions equal to the amplitude of the wave?a. B and F c. C and Lb. H and E d. H and P

13. When a longitudinal wave moves through a medium, the medium

a. moves back and forth across the direction of motion of the wave but generally stays in the same place.

b. moves back and forth parallel to the direction of the wave’s motion but generally stays in the same place.

c. moves back and forth across the direction of motion of the wave as it travels in the direction of wave motion.

d. moves back and forth parallel to the motion of the wave as it travels in the direction of wave motion.

A Standing Wave Pattern in a Spring

15. Refer to the diagram A Standing Wave Pattern in a Spring to answer this question.

The labelled points that are located at nodal points area. A and C c. A, C, and Eb. B and D d. E only

16. A wave in a spring, stretched to a length of 5.30 m, travels at a speed of 3.40 m/s. What is the lowest resonant frequency for this spring?

a. 0.160 Hz c. 0.642 Hzb. 0.321 Hz d. 1.14 Hz

Numeric Response

17. If a 4.85-kg pendulum bob is pulled sideways so that the string makes an angle of 14.9o with the vertical, then the magnitude of the restoring force acting on the mass is ______ N. (Record your three-digit answer on the answer sheet.) (12.2 N)

18. A spring is stretched to a length of 5.40 m. You generate a standing wave using a frequency of . If there are 5 antinodes and 6 nodes along the spring, then the speed of the wave in the spring is ______ m/s. (Record your three-digit answer on the answer sheet.) (10.3 m/s)

Written Response:

1. Oscillations in many devices such as musical instruments are desirable. However, many oscillations, such as those caused by winds or earthquakes, can be very destructive.

(a) Define what is meant by resonant frequency, forced frequency, and mechanical resonance. Give an example of each.

(b) Give an example of a structure or machine in which mechanical resonance may be used to advantage. Describe how mechanical resonance is used in this device.

(c) Give an example or situation in which oscillations are undesirable. Describe what scientists and engineers can do to eliminate or reduce the effects of unwanted oscillations.