review form part i
DESCRIPTION
Review form Part I. Message? Meaning? Symbolism? . Review form Part I. Message? Meaning? Symbolism? . Review form Part I. Message? Meaning? Symbolism? . ARSENAL OF DEMOCRACY “We must be the great arsenal of democracy” - FDR . Objective… - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Review form Part I...
Message? Meaning? Symbolism?
![Page 2: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Review form Part I...
Message? Meaning? Symbolism?
![Page 3: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Review form Part I...
Message? Meaning? Symbolism?
![Page 4: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ARSENAL OF
DEMOCRACY
“We must be the great arsenal of democracy” -FDR
Objective…Describe how President Roosevelt’s initiatives mobilized the U.S. for war.
![Page 5: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
17) The War Powers Act…• Gives FDR the power to…
– Reorganizes federal government– Creates new agencies– Censors information – Abridges civil liberties– Seizes foreign property– Awards government contracts
1942: U.S. production = Italy, Germany & Japan1944: 2 X greater
Following Pearl Harbor the single greatest challenge facing FDR is meeting the challenge of all out war
production.
![Page 6: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Financing the War:• U.S. cost: $341 billion• More than all U.S. budgets from 1789-1941• 15 X cost of WW I
How do we raise the money?...
![Page 7: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Bugs Bunny War Bond Cartoonhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KI8jKZ9HH3U&NR=1
![Page 8: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Price Control Act of 1942 or“cost plus system”...
![Page 9: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Pentagon (1942)
HQ: U.S. Dept. of DefenseWorld’s largest office building
17.5 miles of corridors26, 000 employees
Most efficient office building… 7 min between two points
![Page 10: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
18) Explain how the federal wartime agencies focused the war effort…
Mobilizing:
- Supply Priorities Allocation Board- Office of Price Administration (OPA)…- National War Labor Board- Office of War Information- Office of Strategic Services
![Page 11: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Mobilizing:Supply Priorities & Allocation Board…
– Allocates & controls the resources needed for war
– Limits consumer productsOffice of Price Administration (OPA)…
- Prevent inflation & ration consumer goods.
- Rationing: Tires, autos, sugar, gas, fuel oil, coffee, meats & other foods
![Page 14: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Mobilizing:• National War Labor Board…
– Worked for cooperation between labor & management– Limited wages & strikes– Supported: 8 hr day, unionism, gender equity pay for
& employee grievance procedures
![Page 15: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Mobilizing: Domestic Propaganda
• Office of War Information…- Words, posters & films to win the hearts & minds of Americans
Propaganda Messages: Get a job; Work hard; Recycle; Sacrifice; Buy Bonds; Remain Silent
Daffy Duck propaganda filmhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ngETXxI5pg
![Page 16: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Office of Strategic Services (OSS)…- Collects & analyzes information about
countries at war with the U.S. - Organized sabotage & espionage in other countries
![Page 18: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1) The size of the federal government during the war…
- The size of government compared with the New Deal Era...
![Page 19: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
2) The effect of the war on the national budget & defense
spending….
3) What was the fate of the New Deal?...
![Page 20: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Objectives…• Describe how FDR’s call to make America the “arsenal of democracy”
affected the economy.
• Describe how FDR’s call to make America the “arsenal of democracy”
affected the economy, female workers, minority workers and organized labor.
![Page 21: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The War Production Board… How effective was it?...The War Production Board…
“Responsibility for the economy”• Created 17M jobs• Factories operate 24 / 7• 50% of GNP = war goods• GNP: 1939: $88.6B
1944: $198.7B
4) What advantages gave the US the potential to out produce the enemy?...
![Page 22: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Arsenal of DemocracyMilitary Production Totals for 1940-1945
• 250,000 planes• 80,000 landing craft• 650,000 artillery pieces• 15M rifles
• 100,000 armored cars• 75,000 tanks• 3m. tons bombs• 41M rounds ammo
![Page 23: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Ship building:1941: 355 days………..1945: 14 days
![Page 24: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Willow Run Bomber Plant 1 mile assembly line - 42,000 employees
![Page 25: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Hiding the Lockheed Plant…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DgFJKtznKMo
![Page 26: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
A. Supply Priorities & Allocation Board D. OSSB. Office of War Information E. The War Production Board C. Price Control Act of 1942 F. National War Labor Board
1. Organized sabotage & espionage in other countries
2. Allocates & controls the resources needed for war
3. Responsibility for the war economy
4. Collects & analyzes information about countries at war with the U.S.
5. Worked for cooperation between labor & management -Limited wages & strikes
6. Waged a constant battle for the hearts and minds of Americans
![Page 27: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Describe how economic conversion affected the US
economy…• The Great Depression is over• 1942- 45 the GNP doubles• Unemployment becomes under employment:
1941: 9.9% 1945: 1.2%... 17millon new jobs
• Man power shortages in industry
![Page 28: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
5) Describe how defense production affected the various
geographic regions of the country…
• CA 40B in defense funds - 10% of total • S to N or W…. Detroit & CA• Southern textiles boom• Sharecroppers to factories• Rural pop. Down 20% • U.S. middle class doubles
![Page 29: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
7) Groups experiencing new employment opportunities…
![Page 30: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Objectives…
• Describe how FDR’s call to make America the “arsenal of democracy” affected female
workers.
![Page 31: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
8) Employment opportunities for females…
- Changing & challenging stereotypes…
9) The dual message being communicated to women by the government…
![Page 32: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Female Workers• Female labor + 50% • White women 35+ & married become
the majority employed• AA women: From domestic work to
manufacturing jobs• National War Labor Board promotes:
= work = pay… Reality is that women are paid less
![Page 33: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
10) Rosie the Riveter
![Page 34: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Objective…Describe how FDR’s call to make
America the “arsenal of democracy” affected minority workers.
Minority Workers….• Mexicans: – Agriculture & ship building
• African Americans: Up 33% in industrial work
• Native Americans
![Page 35: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Objective… Describe how FDR’s call to make
America the “arsenal of democracy” affected organized labor.
![Page 36: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
11) What economic factors compromised the prosperity of workers?...
![Page 37: Review form Part I](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022051402/568166db550346895ddafcc2/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
15) How did the size, gender & racial make-up of labor unions change during the war years?
13) How did unionism benefit from the policies of the NWLB?...
14) What was a “hate strike”... How effective?...