Review for Unit 2 TestReview for Unit 2 Test

Integrated scienceIntegrated science

Ms. Offutt Ms. Offutt

TestTest

• Tuesday

• 35 multiple choice

• Notebook due

• 70 point test

• All multiple choice, take on a scan tron

• Bring a Pencil

• The way fossils are formed in very dry places is called

a.mummification.c. imprinting.

b.petrification. d. sedimentation.

• The numeric age of an object is called

a.relational age. c. relative age.

b.comparative age. d. absolute age.

• Younger layers of undisturbed sedimentary rock are above older layers according to

• a. the principle of uniformitarianism.

• c. law of superposition.

• b. the principle of sedimentarianism.

• d. angular unconformity.

• The principle that Earth’s history can be explained by current geologic processes is

• a. unconformity. c.superposition.

• b. uniformitarianism. d. evolution.

• Amber is

• a. petroleum that oozes from bogs.

• c. yellow rock that retains heat.

• b. hardened tree sap.

• d. dried organic remains.

• Index fossils found in rock layers in different areas of the world indicate that the rock layers

• a. formed during the same period of time.

• b. formed during different periods of time.

• c. are still forming.• d. never fully formed.

• The age of an object in relation to the ages of other objects is

• a. absolute age. c. relative age.

• b. comparative age. d. relational age.

• Organisms that formed index fossils

• a. lived during long spans of geologic time.

• b. lived during short spans of geologic time.

• c. were destroyed by igneous rocks.

• d. were destroyed by sedimentary rocks.

• A frozen organism does not decay because

• a. most bacteria can’t survive freezing temperatures.

• b. it is dried out.

• c. it needs water to decay.

• d. most bacteria survive freezing temperatures.

• Why is radioactive decay used to determine the absolute age of rocks?

• a. Radioactive decay cannot be used to determine the age of a rock.

• b. Radioactive decay happens very quickly.

• c. Radioactive decay does not happen at a constant rate.

• d. Radioactive decay happens at a relatively constant rate.

• What is a coprolite?

• a. fossilized fish

• b. fossilized rocks

• c. fossilized dung or waste

• d. fossilized imprints of animals

• Which of the following are all ways that organisms can be fossilized?

• a. freezing, petrification, desiccation, amber

• b. amber, petrification, mummification, freezing

• c. desiccation, petrification, mummification, amber

• d. mummification, desiccation, petrification, freezing

• Geologic time is divided into

• a. two eons. c. four eons.

• b. three eons. d. five eons.

• Scientists created the first geologic column by determining the relative ages of sedimentary rock in

• a. one chosen area. c. North America.

• b. the area where life began. d.areas all over the world.

• How is radioactive decay used to determine the absolute age of rocks?

• a. Parent isotopes are compared to daughter isotopes.

• b. Isotopes of different compounds are compared.

• c. Radioactive substances are compared to non-radioactive substances.

• d. Daughter isotopes are compared to sister isotopes.

• The gradual development of new organisms from preexisting organisms is called

• a. natural selection. c. evolution.

• b. mass extinction. d.environmental change.

• A variety of life-forms appeared in the Cambrian Period due to

• a. tectonic activity that created mountain ranges.

• b. warm, shallow seas covering the continents.

• c. shallow inland seas retreating.

• d. lush forests of cycads appearing.

• On a geologic column, the oldest rocks

• a. are on the bottom.

• b. are on the top.

• c. are in the middle.

• d. contain fossils of modern-day animals.

• Which of the following explains the concept of evolution brought about by geologic change?

• a. Geologic changes have no effect on evolution.

• b. The fossils found in the lower layers of the geologic column resemble modern-day animals.

• c. When the seas retreated at the end of the Permian Period, tribolites became extinct.

• d. Few fossils exist in Precambrian rocks.

• How does sediment that is closer to a mid-ocean ridge compare to sediment that is farther away?

• a. It is larger. c. It is older.

• b. It is smaller. d. It is younger.

• What is the crack in the ocean floor through which magma rises?

• a. a ridge c. a rift

• b. a rip d. a rent

• Tectonic plates can include

• a. only asthenosphere.

• b. only oceanic crust.

• c. only continental crust.

• d. both oceanic and continental crust.

• The Pacific Ring of Fire is

• a. a mid-ocean ridge. c. a zone of active volcanoes.

• b. a chain of volcanic islands. d. a rift valley.

• The Himalaya Mountains were formed in a collision at a

• a. divergent boundary. c. transform boundary.

• b. convergent boundary. d.fracture zone.

• Which of the following was NOT a piece of evidence Wegener found to support his hypothesis?

• a. debris from glaciers in southern Africa• b. mountains of similar age in North America

and Scotland• c. tracks of continents plowing through ocean

floor rock• d. identical Mesosaurus fossils in South

America and Africa

• The theory that explains why and how continents move is called

• a. continental drift.

• b. paleomagnetism.

• c. plate tectonics.

• d. sea-floor spreading.

• Frequent earthquakes in an area may indicate

• a. tectonic plate boundaries.

• b. sea-floor spreading.

• c. mantle convection.

• d. reversed polarity.

• Convection, ridge push, and slab pull work together to produce

• a. continental lithosphere.

• b. constant tectonic plate motion.

• c. earthquakes.

• d. fracture zones.

• What is one way tectonic plate movement affects climate?

• a. It creates mountains that affect wind patterns.

• b. It changes the location of the equator and the poles.

• c. It keeps ice sheets from melting.

• d. It keeps air temperatures constant.

• Which scale more accurately measures the magnitude of large earthquakes?

• a. modified Mercalli scale

• b. Richter scale

• c. moment magnitude scale

• d. Mohs scale

• At what location does the first motion of an earthquake occur?

• a. the focus

• b. the seismic gap

• c. the mantle

• d. the epicenter

• Which of the following is true of earthquake prediction?

• a. It is unreliable.

• b. It is impossible.

• c. Scientists do not attempt it.

• d. It is not important.

• The three primary tectonic settings are zones near convergent and divergent tectonic plates, subduction zones, and

• a. mid-ocean ridges.

• b. island arcs.

• c. oceanic plates.

• d. trench zones.

• Volcanic eruptions may be signaled by

• a. a change in earthquake activity.

• b. a sudden weather change.

• c. a change in wildlife behavior.

• d. volcanic dust in the air.

• When the temperature of rock rises above its melting point,

• a. magma will form.

• b. the melting point will increase.

• c. magma will not form.

• d. the melting point will decrease.