Review for Chapter 2, Section 1 Quiz

Chapter 2

The American Colonies

Emerge

Chapter 2, Section 1Spain’s Empire in the Americas

I. Spain’s Empire in the Americas

A. Conquistadores

1. Hernando Cortes- conquered the Aztecs

a. settlers- married Native women

*mestizos

b. encomienda system

The system of 'encomienda' gave Spanish settlers the right to an Indian's labour in exchange for his "care and religious instruction." Thus, conversion to Catholicism went hand-in-hand with enslavement and early death.

B. Large Empire in the Americas – Spain became the richest and most powerful nation in Europe

1. the Mayans

2. the Incans- Francisco Pizarro

C. The Conquistadores Push North

1. Ponce de Leon- Florida

2. colony- New Mexico

3. the conversion of the Natives to Catholicism

a. congregaciones

b. missionaries

D. Resistance to the Spanish

1. the settlers try to force Spanish culture on the Natives

a. destroyed sacred Native American objects

b. forbade ceremonies and rituals

2. Pope’s Rebellion

 Pueblo Revolt (1680): American Indian 

On this date the Pueblo peoples of the colony of New Mexico rose in revolt against the Spanish friars, soldiers, and colonists who had seized their lands, enslaved them, and forced them to renounce their ancestral gods. Inspired by a medicine man named Popé, Pueblo leaders planned a coordinated uprising, which began on this day with simultaneous attacks on many Spanish settlements and came to an end on August 21, when the governor and his remaining forces abandoned Santa Fe and began a retreat south. The victorious Indians restored their shrines and resumed practicing their religion. In the next decade drought, hunger, and disease brought renewed hardships and fueled factional disputes among the Pueblos, and the Spanish reconquered the territory by 1692.

Chapter 2 The American Colonies Emerge

I. Spain’s Empire in the AmericasA. Conquistadores

1. Hernando Cortes- conquered the Aztecsa. settlers- married Native women

*mestizosb. encomienda system

B. Large Empire in the Americas – Spain became the richest and most powerful nation in Europe

1. the Mayans2. the Incans- Francisco Pizarro

C. The Conquistadores Push North1. Ponce de Leon- Florida2. colony- New Mexico3. the conversion of the Natives to Catholicism

a. congregacionesb. missionaries

D. Resistance to the Spanish1. the settlers try to force Spanish culture on the Natives

a. destroyed sacred Native American objectsb. forbade ceremonies and rituals

2. Pope’s Rebellion