review: chapter 11 - exploring the universe copy · 1 of 8 review: chapter 11 - exploring the...

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Review:Chapter11-ExploringtheUniverseCOPY

1. WhattypesofelectromagneticradiationshavegivenprooftothepossibilityoftheBigBangTheory?

a. infraredanddarkmatterandmicrowave

b. darkmatter

c. infraredandmicrowave

2. Areflectivetelescopehasmainparts.

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. four

3. Apersonwhostudiesstars,planets,andotherobjectsintheskyiscalledan.

a. telescoper

b. starsologer

c. astronomer

d. astrologist

4. ThistypeoftelescopeneverhasproblemsseeingthroughEarth'satmosphere.Ituseslensestoenlargeanobject.

a. Earth-basedtelescope

b. reflectingtelescope

c. refractingtelescope

d. space-basedtelescope

5. TelescopeinspaceusedtoobserveuniverseusingX-Rays

a. ErwinTelescope

b. DarwinTelescope

c. MoonTelescope

d. ChandraTelescope

6. Whatinstrumentcananastronomerusetoseeobjectsthatareveryfaraway?

a. Microscope

b. Telescope

c. Compass

d. Stereoscope

7. Thefirstpersontouseatelescopeforastronomywas

a. Newton

b. Galileo

c. Copernicus

d. Kepler

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8. Thefirsttypeoftelescopeinvented

a. refractortelescope

b. reflectortelescope

c. compositetelescope

d. radiotelescope

9. Thetelescopethatusesbothlensesandmirrorstogatherlight




d. radiotelescope

10. Thetelescopethatdetectswavelengthsotherthanvisiblelight




d. radiotelescope

11. Thetelescopethatusesamirrortogatherlight


b. x-raytelescope

c. reflectortelescope

d. radiotelescope

12. Anenormousexoplanet,calledHD106906b,wasdiscoveredthatis11timesthesizeofJupiter.Whatwasnotusedtodiscoverthisnewplanet?

a. InternationalSpaceStation

b. HubbleSpaceTelescope

c. Infraredcamera

d. Magellantelescope

13. Whatisthedifferencebetweenrefractingandreflectingtelescopes?

a. Arefractingtelescopeusesaconvexlenstomagnifyanimage,andareflectingtelescopeusesamirror.

b. Arefractingtelescopeusesamirror,andareflectingtelescopeusesaconcavelenstomagnifyanimage.

c. Areflectingtelescopeusesaconvexlenstomagnifyanimage,andarefractingtelescopeusesamirror

d. Thereisnodifference.

14. WhatwastheinitialproblemwiththeHubbleSpaceTelescope?

a. Itisareflectingtelescope,andtherewasaproblemwiththemirror.

b. Itisareflectingtelescope,andtherewasaproblemwiththelens.

c. Itisarefractingtelescope,andtherewasproblemwiththelens.

d. Itisarefractingtelescope,andtherewasaproblemwiththemirror.

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15. Whyareradiotelescopesconsideredtobedependabletelescopes?

a. becausetheyneverrunoutofenergy

b. becausetheyuseradiostohelpvarioustelescope'scomputerscommunicatewitheachother

c. becausetheyuseradiowaves,whichpassfreelythroughEarth'satmosphereinanyweathercondition

d. becausetheyuseradiowaves,whichdonotpassfreelythroughEarth'satmosphereduetounpredictableweather

16. Telescopesthatbendlighttomakeobjectsseemlargerare

a. refractingtelescopes

b. reflectingtelescopes

c. radiotelescopes

d. spectroscopes

17. Thistoolmakesitpossibletoseethingsinspacemoreclearly:

a. microscope

b. telescope

c. binoculars

18. Scientistsusetostudystarsandplanets.

a. telescopes

b. magnifyingglasses

c. microscopes

19. Refractingtelescopessufferfromanopticaldefectcalledchromaticaberration.

a. True

b. False

20. WhatisthepurposeoftheNewMillenniumProgram?

a. tocreatesatellitestospyonothernations

b. todevelopadvancedtechnologythatwillletNASAsendsmartspacecraftintothesolarsystem

c. todeveloptechnologythatwillcreatemorejobsonEarth

d. tocreatetechnologyfasterthanothernations

21. TheItalianastronomer,Galileo,wasthefirstscientisttodowhat?

a. Discoverthecorrectshapeoftheplanetsorbits.

b. Discovergravityandinertia.

c. Useatelescopetotolookatobjectsinthesky.

d. Alloftheabove

22. technologyisusedtostudyplanetsinoursolarsystem.

a. Sonar

b. Satellite

c. Cable

d. Antennae

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23. Astronomersusetomakeobservationsandcollectdataaboutobjectsinthesolarsystem.

a. telescopes

b. satellites

c. spaceprobes

d. alloftheabove

24. Whatsuccessfulspacetelescopewasscheduledtooperatefor15yearsbuthaditsmissiontimeextendedthankstoatleast4servicecalls?

a. Hubble

b. Chandra

c. Giotto

d. Cassini

25. WhatistheHubbleTuningFork?

a. Atoolusedtofine-tuneatelescope

b. Amachinethatshowstheelementsofastarbylookingatitslight

c. Aninstrumentusedtomeasurethedistancebetweenstars

d. Adiagramthatshowtypesofgalaxiesandhowtheyevolveovertime

26. WhatdoesNASAstandfor?

a. NationalsAcrobatsandSwimmingAssociation

b. NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration

c. NeighborhoodAwarenessandSharingAlliance

d. NewsAdministrationandSatelliteAssociation

27. Amodernapplicationforasatelliteisfor.

a. gatheringscientificdata

b. gatheringpicturesofEarth'ssurface

c. transmittingradioandtelevisionsignals

d. allanswersarecorrect

28. Whyarerocketsidealforexploringspace?

a. Theycangatherlotsdata.

b. Theydon'tneedair.

c. Theyareretrievable.

d. Theyareinexpensive.

29. Spaceprobes,unlikesatellites,areableto.

a. gatherdata

b. traveloutofthesolarsystem

c. gointoorbit

d. beretrieved

30. Howaresatellitesused?

a. togathermilitaryinformation

b. totransmittelevisionsignals

c. tomonitorweather

d. alloftheabove

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31. WhatcountrysuccessfullylauncheditsfirstsatellitenamedExplorer1?

a. China

b. Japan

c. UnitedStates

d. Canada

32. Whatcountrylaunchedtheworld'sfirstartificialsatellite,theSputnik?

a. China

b. Germany

c. Russia

d. UnitedStates

33. WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthefourbroadcategoriesofsatellites?

a. intelligence

b. communication

c. navigation

d. scientific

34. Tripsthatpeopletakeintospacearecalled.

a. crewedmissions

b. uncrewedmissions

c. spaceprobes

d. observations

35. Whatisthedefinitionofamission?

a. explorationofaship

b. awalkaroundthecity

c. aspecificjobortask

d. asystemofsignals

36. HowlongdidittaketoputtogethertheCuriosityMission?

a. 1-2Years

b. 3-5Years

c. 9-10Years

d. 20-25Years

37. WhydidmissionscientistsputRosettatosleepforseveralyears?

a. topreventrusting

b. tosavemoney

c. toanalyzedata

d. tosaveenergy

38. Mostformsofenergyoriginallycomefrom

a. water

b. theearth

c. thesun

d. naturalgas

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39. Earth'sclimate

a. hasbeenstableoverthehistoryoftheplanet

b. ischangingasaresultofnaturalandhumanprocesses

c. willstabilizeoverthenextcentury,accordingtothepredictionsofmostscientists

d. haschangedonlyonceduetotheevolutionofgreenphotosynthesizingplants

e. historyisundeterminablebecausethereisnomethodofstudyingclimatichistoryoftheplanet

40. ThegreenhouseeffectheatstheEarth'ssurfaceby

a. infraredradiationandsunlight

b. sunlightandvolcaniceruptions

c. mantelconvectionandinfraredradiation

d. volcaniceruptionsandmantleconvection

41. SunlighttheEarth'ssurface.

a. cools

b. warms

42. ThreeessentialtheoriesforEarthSciencearethetheoryofevolution,thetheoryofplatetectonics,andthetheoryof.

a. relativity

b. earthscience

c. climatechange

d. humanknowledge

43. WhatdidKarlJanskydiscover?

a. theplanetsmoveonanellipticalpath

b. theSunwasthecenteroftheUniverse

c. Earthrotatedonatiltedaxis,whichcausedtheseasons

d. radiowavescomingfromspace

44. Astrobiologyisbestdescribedas

a. thestudyofanimalsinspace

b. thescientificsearchforevidenceofintelligentlife

c. thestudyoflifeintheuniverse

45. WhatwaspresidentJohnF.Kennedy'sgoalforthespaceprogram?

a. Togotoinfinityandbeyond.

b. Tobethefirstonetolandahumanonthemoon.

c. Togototheedgeofoursolarsystem.

d. TostudytheeffectsofthesunonEarth'satmosphere.

46. Aisavehiclesentintospaceinordertoexploreplacestoodangerousortoofarawayforpeopletovisit.

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47. Thegeocentrictheoryclaimsthattheisatthecenteroftheuniverse.

48. List3importantadvantagesofexploringspace.

49. TheHubbletelescopehelpedscientistshowtheuniversebeganandhowolditis.

50. Whowasthefirstastronomertobuildatelescopeforviewingtheheavens?

51. Whatarethethreefunctionsofatelescope?

52. Whatisthefunctionoftheobjectivelensofarefractingtelescope?

53. Refractingtelescopesgottheirnamebecausetheyrefract,or,light.

54. Themaindifferencebetweenareflectingtelescopeandarefractingtelescopeisthatareflectingtelescopeusesa(n)tofocustheincominglight.

55. WhydospacetelescopesproduceclearerimagesthantelescopesonEarth?

56. Listtwoadvantagesofradiotelescopesoveropticaltelescopes.

57. Aisaninstrumentusedtoobservedistantobjects.

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58. Nameonekindoftoolthatmodernastronomerscanusetocollectinformationinouterspace.

59. TheHubbleSpaceTelescopeisagianttelescopefloatinginspacedesignedandbuiltbyengineersatAmericaspaceagency.

60. Whataretelescopesusedfor?

61. Name2majorcategoriesofopticaltelescopes.

62. IsaacNewtoncreatedthefirsttelescope.

63. TheHubbletelescopewaslaunchedbytheUnitedStatesfromaspaceshuttlein.

64. A.refractingtelescopeB.reflectingtelescopeC.radiotelescopeD.spectroscope

1.breaksdownthelightgivenoffbyastarintoallitscolors

2.bendslighttomakeobjectsseemlarger

3.collectsradiowavesfromspaceusinglargeconcave-shapeddisk

4.producesaclearermagnifiedimagebecausethelightisreflected

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Review:Chapter12-Earth'schangingsurface.

1. Earthquakesmostoftenoccur

a. inthemiddleoftectonicplates.

b. anywherenearatectonicplate.

c. onlyinthe'RingofFire'.

d. ontheboundaryoftectonicplates.

2. Thetheoryofplatemovementandhowthecontinentsmovedapartovertimeiscalled.

a. platetectonics

b. geology

c. continentaltectonics

d. biology

3. Whatisatectonicplate?

a. liquidmagma

b. technicaltermusedfordinnerware

c. lavaflowingintotheocean

d. themovablecrustontopoftheearth'smantle


a. adishmadeofrock

b. akindofmountain

c. amovingpieceofEarth'srockycrust

d. aloosepieceofEarth'sinnercore

5. Tectonicplatesinteractatplacescalledplate

a. reversals

b. boundaries

c. regions

d. centers

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6. Themapshowsthemajortectonicplates.

WhichlettershowstheArabianplate?

a. I

b. J

c. L

d. M


WhichlettershowstheCaribbeanplate?

a. B

b. C

c. D

d. E

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8. Whatmovesapartortogethertoformvolcanoesorearthquakes?

a. tectonicplates

b. cups

c. gravity


WhichlettershowstheCocosplate?

a. B

b. C

c. D

d. E

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a. A

b. B

c. C

d. D

11. Atectonicplatesegmentincludesthe.

a. allofthemantle

b. thecrustandtheasthenosphere

c. theuppermantleandthecrust

d. themantleandthecore

12. Whattypeoftectonicplateboundaryinvolvesacollisionbetweentwotectonicplates?

a. divergent

b. transform

c. convergent

d. normal

13. Theplatetectonicstheorystatesthat

a. continentalcrust"plowsthrough"oceaniccrust

b. oceaniccrust"slidesover"continentalcrust

c. lithosphericplatesmove

d. tectonicforcescausethemostdamageinthecenteroftheplates

14. Whatisthelargesttectonicplate?

a. Scotiaplate

b. Pacificplate

c. Eurasianplate

d. Antarcticplate

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WhichlettershowstheJuandeFucaplate?

a. B

b. C

c. D

d. E

16. ShiftingpiecesoftheEarth'scrustarecalled

a. magma

b. volcano

c. tectonicplates

d. island

17. ThecollisionofIndiaandAsiathatformedtheHimalayasisstillcollidingtoday,causingthemountainrangetocontinuetorise.Whatkeepsthemountainfromgettingtoobig?

a. erosion

b. volcanism

c. deposition

d. platetectonics

18. Earth’scrustconsistsofmajorandminorthatmoverelativetoeachother.

a. rockformations

b. tectonicplates

c. mantles

19. Whatcausestectonicplatestomove?

a. radiationfromwithinthecrust

b. magneticforcesfromtheinnercore

c. convectioncurrentsinthemantle

d. slowcontinentaldrift

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20. Theportionofthemantlejustbelowthelithosphereoftheearth.

a. oceaniccrust

b. asthenosphere

c. platetectonics

21. Whatcanpossiblyhappenatallthreetypesofboundarylines?

a. anearthquake

b. avolcano

c. amountainrange

d. alloftheabove

22. Somevolcanoesformnewasplatesmoveapartandmagmarisestothesurfaceofthecrust.

a. volcanoes

b. oceanfloor

c. earthquakes

d. mantle

23. anyofvariousinstrumentsformeasuringandrecordingthevibrationofearthquakes

a. faults

b. earthquakes

c. epicenter

d. seismograph

e. volcano

f. lava

24. Gravitycanpullrocksandsoilrapidlydownahillslidecausinga(n)

a. tsunami

b. earthquake

c. landslide

d. volcano

25. acone-shapedlandformthatcaneruptattimes

a. earthquake

b. fault

c. epicenter

d. volcano

26. acrackwhereearth'scrustcanmove

a. fault

b. epicenter

c. volcano

d. earthquake

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27. Theplaceundergroundwhereplatesmovesandtheearthquakebegin.

a. focus

b. fault

c. volcano

d. earthquake

28. Volcanoesandearthquakesrelatetothefollowingsphere:

a. biosphere

b. atmosphere

c. geosphere

d. anthrosphere

29. WhatdoyoucallthesuddenmovementofEarth'scrust?

a. earthquake

b. tsunami

c. volcano

d. fault

30. WhydidWegenerthinkthatcontinentaldriftcouldbeusedtoexplainrockscarringinSouthAmerica,India,andAustralia?

a. volcanoesmovedtheseafloor

b. glacierscausethescarring

c. earthquakesscarrocks

d. Hessproposedthistheory

31. Wheredoearthquakesandvolcanoes(withtheexceptionofHawaii)usuallyoccur,andwhy?

32. Atransformboundaryisaboundarywheretwoplatesslidepastoneanother.Whatgeologicaleventwillbemostlikelytooccuralongatransformboundary?

a. mountainformation

b. volcanoeruption

c. earthquake

d. riftvalley

33. ScientistsarestudyingagraphshowingthetimedifferencesbetweentheseismicP-wavesandtheseismicS-wavesastheytravelthroughEarth.Whichinformationcantheylearnfromthegraph?

a. themagnitudeofanearthquake

b. thedurationofanearthquake

c. theepicenterofanearthquake

d. theintensityofanearthquake

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34. Thefivefactorsthatdeterminehowsoilsdevelopare:

a. parentmaterial,climate,vegetation,landscape,andtime

b. animals,humus,weather,leaching,andvolcanoes

c. sun,animals,humus,leaching,andearthquakes

35. Whatlandformsareformedatasubductionzone?

a. faults

b. volcanoesonly

c. mountainsonly

d. mountainsandvolcanoes

36. Howarevolcanoesondivergentboundariesdifferentthanvolcanoesonconvergentboundaries?

37. Thethreemaincategories/stagesofvolcanoesare:,,and

38. awaveproducedbyanearthquake

39. OnewaytheatmosphereshapesEarth'ssurfaceiswith

a. winds

b. tsunamis

c. earthquakes

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40. Lowlandbetweenhillsormountains

a. valley

b. island

c. volcano

41. Earthquakehazardsinclude:

a. buildingcollapse

b. fire

c. liquefaction

d. alloftheabove

42. Theprocessofwearingawayrocksbynaturalmeansiscalled

a. erosion

b. weathering

c. faults

d. earthquakes

43. Therapiddownhillmovementoflargeamountofrockandsoiliscalleda(n):

a. erosion

b. landslide

c. avalanche

d. earthquake

44. Adirtanddebrisfilledfloodofwater

a. tsunamis

b. earthquake

c. mudslide

d. landslide

45. isthedepositofweatheredmaterials.

46. Waterfreezinginthecracksofrocksisanexampleof.

a. deposition

b. mechanicalweathering

c. chemicalweathering

d. erosion

47. Themovementofrocks.

a. Deposition

b. Weathering

c. Erosion

48. Processinwhichrocksgetbrokendown.

a. Weathering

b. Erosion

c. Deposition

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55. iswhenparticlescarriedbywater,windoricearedepositedinanotherlocation.

Themovementofsedimentorsoilfromonelocationtoanotheris.

Thebreakingdownofrocksandmineralsbyphysical,chemicalorbiologicalprocessesis.

Deltasformingatthemouthsofrivers.

Amudslideflowingdownasteephill.

Needstotakeplacebeforeerosion.

49. Whichoftheseareputinthecorrectorder?

a. deposition,erosion,weathering

b. weathering,erosion,deposition

c. erosion,deposition,weathering

d. weathering,deposition,erosion

50. Theprocessinwhichmaterialsareerodedbyweatheroriceandaredroppedintoanewplace,creatinganewlandform

a. Weathering

b. Deposition

c. Erosion

51. Freezingandthawingareatypeof

a. chemicalweathering.

b. erosion.

c. physicalweathering.

d. deposition.

52. Rocksarebrokendownbychangingthechemicalmakeupofthemineralsthrough

a. physicalweathering.

b. erosion.

c. chemicalweathering.

d. deposition.

53. Water,oxygen,carbondioxide,andacidsaresignificantagentsof.

a. chemicalweathering

b. abrasion

c. mechanicalweathering

d. erosion

54. Plains,plateaus,peninsulas,valleys,hills,basins,canyonsandmountainareexamplesof:

a. PhysicalWeathering

b. ChemicalWeathering

c. Erosion

d. Landforms

e. Weathering

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Windblowingsandfromonelocationtoanother.

Canbemechanicalorchemical.

Wavesdroppingsandonthebeach.

Occurswhengravity'sdownwardpullonsedimentisstronger.

Resultsinwindorwaterformingbeaches,barrierislands,andsandbars.

Humanactivitiessuchasconstructionincreasethisprocess.

Nomovementofsedimentisinvolved.

Themovementofweatheredmaterials.

Layersofsedimentformingatthebottomoftheocean.

Glaciersdroppingrockandsandtoformterminalmoraines.

Rocksbeingmadesmoothbytumblingacrossastream-bed.

Windblastingsandatrockandcarvingoutarches.

Rainwashingawaysoilfromahillside.

56. Whatisthedifferencebetweenweatheringanderosion?

57. Weatheringmusttakeplacebeforeerosion.

a. True

b. False

58. Whatchangesearthsurface?

a. volcanoes

b. weathering

c. erosion

d. alloftheabove

59. Weatheringanderosionarequickchangestotheearth'ssurface.

a. True

b. False

60. Describehowgravitycauseserosion.

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61. Whatarefourfactorsthateffecterosion?

62. Whatarethreemajorcausesforerosion?

a. snow,tornado,volcano

b. sinkholes,landslides,mudslides

c. ice,wind,water

d. wind,heat,platetectonics

63. Listthreelandformsformedbyerosion.

64. Whichoftheseisanexampleofweathering?

a. Mountainsarebuilt

b. Waterfreezes

c. Plantrootswidenacrackinarock

d. Avolcanoerupts

65. Erosioncanbecausedbywhichofthefollowing?Selectallthatapply.

a. wind

b. water

c. ice

d. gravitationalpull

66. Howdoearthwormsaidinweathering?

67. Labelthefollowingeventswitha"D"fordeposition,"W"forweathering,or"E"forerosion.

Layersofsedimentformingatthebottomofoceans

Watergettingintocracks,freezing,andbreakingtherocksorpavementapart.

Rocksbeingmadesmoothbytumblingacrossastreambed.

Amudslideflowingdownasteephill.

Wavesdroppingsandonabeach

Windblastingsandandrockcarvingoutarches.

68. Listthreehumanactivitiesthatremovenaturalvegetationandgreatlyaccelerateerosion.

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Review:Chapter13-Weatheranditsimpacts

1. Bywhataremostdifferencesinairpressurecausedby?

a. unequalheatingoftheatmosphere

b. equalheatingoftheatmosphere

c. unequalcoolingoftheatmosphere

d. equalcoolingoftheatmosphere

2. The_________________________________isthethinlayerofairthatsurroundsEarth.

3. Theatmosphere

a. createsthetides.

b. hasnoteffectonheatgainorloss.

c. allowsheattoescapequicklyinordertocooltheplanet.

d. keepsheatfromescapingtooquicklyintospace.

4. Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribeshumidity?

a. Itistheamountofheatintheatmosphere.

b. Itdescribestheamountofsunlightintheatmosphere.

c. Itistheamountofwatervaporintheatmosphere.

5. Sleetandhailaretypesof

a. gasesintheatmosphere.

b. layersintheatmosphere.

c. airpressure.

d. precipitation.


a. gasesintheatmosphere

b. layersintheatmosphere

c. airpressure

d. precipitation

7. Whichwordbettermatchesthesentence?

ItwillmostlikelyrainlatertonightinJacksonville,Florida.

a. forecast

b. atmosphere


Layerofgasesthatsurroundstheearth.

a. weather

b. atmosphere

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9. Whichwordbetterfitsthesentence?

Rainandsnowaretwotypesof.

a. atmosphere

b. precipitation

10. Whichstatementistrueaboutweather?

a. Itoccursthroughouttheatmosphere

b. Itoccursthroughouttheupperatmosphere

c. Itoccursthroughouttheloweratmosphere

d. Itoccursinthestratosphere

11. Whatistheatmosphere?

12. Theatmosphereconsistsof

a. helium

b. hydrogen

c. oxygen

d. amixtureofgases

13. isthemostabundantgasintheatmosphere(itmakesup78%oftheatmosphere).

a. Oxygen

b. Argon

c. Nitrogen

d. Ozone

14. Averageweatherconditionsinanareaoveralongperiodoftime

a. atmosphere

b. condensation

c. climate

15. Theoutermostlayeroftheatmosphere:

16. Theatmosphereismadeprimarilyof.

a. oxygen

b. nitrogen

c. ammonia

d. carbondioxide

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17. Whichisnotalayeroftheatmosphere?

a. Stratosphere

b. Mesosphere

c. Thermosphere

d. Mantle

18. Lowestlayeroftheatmosphere:

19. Howdoessevereweatherform?Listtwoexamplesofsevereweather.

20. weather

a. theroadsandhighways

b. thegrassandthetrees

c. theconditionsoftheatmosphere

21. Allprecipitationisaformofsevereweather.

a. True

b. False

22. List3examplesofsevereweather.

23. Asevereweatherwatchmeanswhichofthefollowing?

a. Theconditionsarerightforsevereweather,butitisnotoccurringyet.

b. Severeweatherisoccurring.

c. Severeweatherhaspassedthroughanditisnowsafetogooutside.

d. Itistheseasonduringwhichthetypeofsevereweatherconcernedoccurs.

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24. Asevereweatherwarningmeans

a. theconditionsarerightforsevereweather,butitisnotoccurringyet

b. severeweatherisoccurring

c. severeweatherhaspassedthroughanditisnowsafetogooutside

d. itistheseasonduringwhichthetypeofsevereweatherconcernedoccurs

25. WhichtypeofsevereweatherisNOTanintensetropicalstorm?

a. hurricane

b. typhoon

c. tropicalcyclone

d. tornado

26. A"snapshot"ofconditionsataparticulartimeoveralargearea.

a. climate

b. weathermap

c. isobar

d. weather

27. Whatisweather?

a. Anarea'slong-termweatherpattern.

b. Thestateoftheatmosphereatagivenplaceortime.

c. Largevolumeofairthathassimilarcharacteristicsoftemperatureandwatervaporcontent

d. Whenlargeairmassesofdifferentdensity,moisture,andtemperaturemeet

28. Whatcauseswind?

a. asunnyweatherpatternfollowedbyacloudyweatherpattern

b. anunevenheatingoftheatmosphere

c. arainyweather

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29. Amapkeyshowsthesymbolsbelow:

ColdFront

WarmFront

StationaryFront

OccludedFront

Wouldthesesymbolsbeusedtoshowweatherorclimate?

a. weather

b. climate

30. Weatherisdeterminedbytheconditionsinthe:

a. thermosphere

b. mesosphere

c. troposphere

d. stratosphere

31. Theseareusedtophotographandtracklarge-scaleairmovements.

a. weatherballoons

b. weathersatellites

c. slingpsychrometers

d. barometers

32. Whichbestdescribesthedifferencebetweenclimateandweather?

a. Weatherismorepredictablethanclimate

b. Weatherislesspredictablethanclimate

c. Weatherandclimatearebothpredictable

d. Weatherandclimatearebothunpredictable

33. Theanemometerandweathervaneareweathertoolsusedtomeasurewind

a. Speedandtemperature

b. Directionandpressure

c. PressureandTemperature

d. DirectionandSpeed

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34. Whatareweatherradars?

a. Machinesusedtodeterminethelocationofprecipitation.

b. Machinesusedtodeterminethemovementofprecipitation.

c. Machinesusedtodeterminetheamountofprecipitation.

d. Alloftheabove

35. Themapshowstheworld'smajorbiomes.

Thetundraisacold,windy,anddrybiome.Onlyafewinchesofprecipitationfalleachyear.Theaveragetemperatureforthetundraisachilly10to20degreesFahrenheit.

Doesthepassagedescribetheweatherorclimateforthetundrabiome?

a. weather

b. climate

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36. Themapshowsisobars,orlinesofequalairpressure,foralocation.

Doesthemaprepresentweatherorclimateforthatlocation?

a. weather

b. climate

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37. Acoldfrontoccurswhenafastmovingcoldairmasspushesaslowermovingwarmairmassupward.Stormscanformalongtheleadingedgeofacoldfront.

Doesthepassageaboutcoldfrontsdescribeweatherorclimate?

a. weather

b. climate

38. Whichkindofweatherisalow-pressuresystemmostlikelytobring?

a. fairweather

b. hot,sunnyweather

c. precipitation

d. lightbreezes

39. Aweathervanetells

a. howfastthewindblows

b. thedirectionfromwhichthewindcomes

c. theairpressure

d. theamountofrainthatfalls

40. Areaswithlowpressurehaveweatherthatisandareasofhighpressurehaveweatherthatis.

a. sunny,cloudy

b. cloudy,sunny

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41. Whatisahurricane?

a. Alargefunnelthatformsfromthesky

b. Alightningstorm

c. Astormthatformsatseaandstrikesland

d. Aniceblizzardwithgustywinds

42. Atmosphericconditionsforalongperiodoftimeiscalled.

a. weather

b. climate

c. humidity

43. Theboundarybetweenairmasses.

a. Front

b. Weather

c. Barometer

44. Theprocessbywhichagaschangesintoaliquid.

a. Condensation

b. Weather

c. Evaporation

45. Whichweatherinstrumentwouldbethemostusefultopredictchangesinweather?

a. ananemometer

b. araingauge

c. abarometer

46. Whatistheweatherlikeinsummer?

47. Rain,sleet,hail,andsnowareallpartoftheprocessinthewatercycle.

a. transpiration

b. evaporation

c. precipitation

d. condensation

48. isaprocessinthewatercycle,wherewatervaporrisesintotheatmosphere.

a. Precipitation

b. Transpiration

c. Condensation

d. Evaporation

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49. Createaparagraph,tellingastoryabouttheprocessofcondensation.Makesureyouincludeasmuchdetailaspossible.

50. Whichisatypeofcloud?

a. Darius

b. Cirrus

c. Citrus

d. Dover

51. Name3typesofweather.

52. Namethefivefeaturesofweather.

53. Stormsandsevereweatheroccurwhenairmassescollide.Airmassescanbeandmoist,oranddry.

a. Cold;warm

b. Warm;cold

54. Aweatherpredictionbeforeithappensisa.

a. Forecast

b. Guess

c. Hypothesis

d. Meteorologist

55. Lookingataweathermaphelpyouto

a. Predictweather

b. Seeweatherstationinstruments

c. Lookatradar

d. Findthelocationofabarometer

56. Highpressuresystemshaveweatherandare.

a. rainy,stable

b. clear,stable

c. rainy,unstable

d. clear,unstable

57. AnartificialsatellitethatrevolvesaroundtheEarthanddetectsandreportsweatherpatternsontheEarth'ssurface.

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58. Weatherandclimatearebasicallythesamething.

a. True

b. False

59. Whichisahighpressureweathersystem?

a. anticyclone

b. cyclone

60. Whichisalowpressureweathersystem?

a. anticyclone

b. cyclone

61. Whichnaturalhazardiscausedbyweather?

a. flooding

b. tsunami

c. earthquake

d. volcaniceruption

62. Aweatherinstrumentthatusesmicrowavefrequencyradiowavesthatbounceoffwaterdropletsincloudsinordertoproduceamapofthecloudlocationswouldbe.

a. barometer

b. anemometer

c. radar

d. weathersatellite

63. Drawapictureofwhattheclimateislikeinthesummerwhereyouliveandhowpeopleinteractwiththeclimate.

64. A/Ancloudisoftenassociatedwithfairweather.

a. cumulus

b. nimbostratus

c. stratus

d. altostratus

65. Blowssteadilyoverlongdistancesinapredictabledirection

a. weather

b. humidity

c. globalwind

d. insolation

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66. Whichkindofsevereweathereventdoyouthinkistheworst?Describethereasonswhyyouthinkso.

67. Whichofthefollowingchoicesisanexampleofweather?

a. Floridaisgenerallysunny.

b. Alaskaisgenerallycold.

c. Itishottoday.

d. Rainforestsgetalotofraineveryyear.

68. WhatweatherphenomenonismeasuredbytheBeaufortscale?

69. Whatforceisbehindallweatheronearth?

a. wind

b. gravity

c. earth'srotation

d. energyfromthesun

70. ThestoredintheoceandrivesmuchofEarth'sweather.

a. heat

b. energy

c. currents

d. watervapor

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71. Whichtypeofweatherfrontdoesthediagramrepresent?

a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

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a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

73. Cislocatedonalinecalla(n).

a. isobar

b. isotherm

c. contourline

d. weatherfront

74. Aboutwhichtwoatmosphericconditionsdoestheweathermapprovidethemostinformation?

a. relativehumidityandweatherfronts

b. barometricpressureandweatherfronts

c. relativehumidityandtemperaturerange

d. barometricpressureandtemperaturerange

75. Whatdoisobarsonamaptellus?

a. CloudCover

b. Weather

c. Elevation

d. AirPressure

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76. AweathermapshowsalakeeffectsnowstormmovingeastacrossLakeErie.InBuffalo,thecurrentweatherissunnyandcoldwithnoclouds.WhatcanweexpecttheweathertobeinBuffalolateronintheday?

a. itwillstaysunnyandcoldwithnoclouds

b. itwillbesunnyandwarmwithsomeclouds

c. itwillbecloudyandcoldwithalotofsnow

d. itwillbecloudyandcoldwithrain

77. Differencesinairpressurecauseswhichweatherphenomena?

a. winds

b. oceancurrents

c. seasons

d. watercycle


a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

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a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

80. Whatwouldthefollowingsymbolindicateonaweathermap?

a. ColdFront

b. WarmFront

c. OccludedFront

d. StationaryFront

81. Giventherightweatherconditions,thunderstormscanturninto.

a. Tornadoes

b. Hurricanes

c. Volcanoes

82. Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtomeasureanddescribeweather?

a. formandamountofprecipitation

b. conditionsofthesky(cloudy,sunny)

c. temperature

d. alloftheabove

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83. Whattypeofweathertypicallyformswithacoldfront?

84. Howdoesameteorologistbegintocreateaweatherforecast?

a. bygoingoutsideandobservingthelocalweather

b. byreadingforecastsfromabook

c. bymeasuringtemperature,precipitation,airpressure,andwindoveralargearea

d. bycheckingseabreezes

85. Describewhattypeofweatherwemayexperienceifthepressureonthebarometerislow.

86. Whatcauseschangesinlocalweatherfromdaytoday?

a. changesinwinddirection

b. movementofairmasses

c. Earth'smovementaroundtheSun

d. Earth'srotatingonitsaxis

18of20

87. Whichsymbolwouldbeusedtorepresentthisfrontonaweathermap?

a.

b.

c.

d.

19of20


a.

b.

c.

d.

89. Placeslocatedinhighlatitudeshave

a. averywarmclimate.

b. thesameweatherasplacesinotherlatitudes.

c. amixofextremelyhotandextremelycoldweather.

d. thecoldestclimatesonEarth.

90. Thethreemaintypesofcloudsare:

a. Altostratus,Stratus,CirrusStatus

b. Cumulus,Altocumulus,Cumulusnimbus

c. Stratuscumlus,Cirrus,Cululus

d. Cirrus,Stratus,Cumulus

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91. Theoppositeoftoomuchrainistoolittleornotrain,whichcausesa.

a. Rainbow

b. Flood

c. Front

d. Drought

92. Darkcloudscoverthesunandthewindblowsstronger.Fromthisobservation,apersonmaybeabletopredictthat

a. Sunnyweatherisonitsway.

b. Astormiscoming.

c. Itisnighttime.

1of14

Review:Chapter14-Oceans


Thesurferrodethelargeallthewaytothebeach.

a. tide

b. wave


Wehadtomoveourbeachtowelsastheoceanwatermovedtowardusduringhigh.

a. tide

b. wave

3. Whatarethebasicmotionsofoceanwater?Therearethreeanswers.

4. Theregularrisingandfallingofsealevelduemainlytothepullofthemooniscalled

a. waves

b. tides

c. surf

d. crest

5. ThegravitationalpulloftheEarth'smoon(andsun)generateswhatoceanphenomenon?

a. tides

b. density

c. turbulence

d. waves

6. Whatcarrieswarmwatertowardthepoles?

a. tides

b. rivers

c. waves

d. currents

7. Whichofthefollowinglistsoceanwavesfromsmallesttolargest?

a. seiches,chop,capillarywaves,swells,tsunamis,tides

b. swells,capillarywaves,seiches,chop,tides,tsunamis

c. capillarywaves,chop,swells,seiches,tsunamis,tides

d. chop,seiches,swells,capillarywaves,tides,tsunamis

8. Verticaldisplacementsofwaterare

a. tides.

b. densitycurrents.

c. waves.

d. surfacecurrents.

2of14

9. Windcausesanup-and-downmovementofoceanwater,calleda____________.

a. deepoceancurrent

b. tide

c. surfacecurrent

d. wave

10. Whydoesawaveusuallybreak?

a. onewavecatchesuptoanother

b. thefrictionoftheshallowshoreflooronthebaseofthewave

c. thetide

d. thecurrents

11. Whatarethebasicmotionsoftheocean?

12. Whichiscausedbydensitydifferences?

a. surfacecurrents

b. oceanwaves

c. deepoceancurrents

d. oceantides

13. Thistideoccursontwopointsoftheearthatatime-oneclosesttothemoonandonefarthestfromthemoon

a. Lowtide

b. Hightide

c. Springtide

d. Neaptide

14. CoreyhasajobhelpingtosetnewpilingsintotheseabottomatCedarKey,Florida.ThepilingswillsupportanewMarineScienceLabwhenthejobiscomplete.Heworksalldayandnoticesthatonthisday,thetidechangedverylittlecomparedtonormal.Onthewayhomeafterwork,henoticesthemoonisinthefirstquarterphase."Aha,thatexplainsit",hesaystohimselfashedriveshisgolfcarthome.Whatdidhejustrealize?

a. ItisaSpringTide

b. ItisaFallTide

c. ItisaNeapTide

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15. LookatthetidalbulgeonthesideoftheEarth(B)nearE.Whichstatementbestdescribesthetideoccurringhere?

a. ebbtide

b. lowtide

c. hightide

d. slacktide

16. Aisamoderatetidethatoccurswhenthesunandthemoonareatrightangles.

a. neaptide

b. springtide

c. diurnaltide

d. semidiurnaltide

17. Tidesthatproducetheleastdifferencebetweenconsecutivehighandlowtidesarecalled

a. neaptides.

b. springtides.

c. falltides.

d. fulltides.

18. TerrancestandsontheNumber4bridgeinCedarKey,Floridaandmakes2observations.One:Thetidehasebbedandisatanunusuallylowlevel.Two:Abrightfullmoonisrisingovertheexposedmudflatsandmarshgrass.Whattypeoftidehasoccurred?

a. NeapTide

b. FloodTide

c. SpringTide

19. Theofhightideandtheoflowtidearecalledneaptides(leastextremetides).

20. Whichhasthehighesthightideandlowestlowtide?

a. SpringTide

b. NeapTide

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21. Asinglehighandasinglelowtidedaily.

a. Diurnaltides

b. Neaptides

c. Springtides

d. Tidalrange

22. Aquaticbiomesaregroupedby.

a. temperatureandprecipitation

b. salinityandlatitude

c. salinityanddepth

d. salinityandtemperature

23. Thedifferencebetweenalakeandapondis.

a. salinityanddepth

b. temperatureandsalinity

c. altitudeandsurfacearea

d. surfaceareaanddepth

24. Coralreefsareaffectedbythe____________________,orsaltinessofoceanwater.

25. Whichfactorsaffectthedensityofdeep-oceancurrents?

a. surfacecurrentsandwindstrength

b. clockwisedirectionandoceanlocation

c. hemisphereandamountofsalt

d. temperatureandamountofsalt

26. Explainwhytheoceansaresaltyandmostlakesarenotsalty.

27. Thetwomajorcontrollingfactorsfordeepoceancurrentsare

a. salinityandwind

b. pressureandsalinity

c. windandtemperature

d. temperatureandsalinity

28. Duetoseafloorspreading,oceaniccrustisandsedimentisonoceanridgecrests.

a. old;thin

b. old;thick

c. young;thin

d. young;thick

5of14

29. Whichofthefollowingfactorsaffectoceanwaterdensity?

a. pressure

b. temperature

c. salinity

d. alloftheabove

30. Whatistheaveragesalinityattheoceansurface?

a. 35ppt

b. 40ppt

c. 45ppt

d. 25ppt

31. Whatistheapproximatedensityoftheoceansurface?

a. 1027

b. 1030

c. 1033

d. 1034

32. TheareawherenewoceanfloorisformedwhenlavaeruptsthroughcracksinEarth’scrustiscalled

a. Seafloor

b. ContinentalShelf

c. ContinentalSlope

d. Mid-OceanRidge

33. arefoundnearcontinents,particularlyaroundtheedgesofthePacificOcean.

a. Oceantrenches

b. Oceanmountains

c. Mid-oceanridges

d. Seafloorspreading

34. Whatdoesturbiditymeasure?

a. thesalinityofthewater

b. howhotthewateris

c. thevisibilityofthewater

d. thedensityofthewater

35. Thesalinityoftheestuarywaterisaverageoceanwater.

a. higherthan

b. lowerthan

c. equalto

d. noneoftheabove

kg/m3

kg/m3

kg/m3

kg/m3

6of14

36. Waterdensityincreasesasdecreases.

a. salinity

b. sand

c. oxygenlevels

d. temperature

37. Whichtypeofseawaterhasthegreatestdensity?

a. warm,withlowsalinity

b. warm,withhighsalinity

c. cold,withlowsalinity

d. cold,withhighsalinity

38. Seafloorspreadingiswhennewseafloorisformedwhenisforcedupward.

a. magma

b. water

c. soil

d. calciumcarbonate

39. WhyisoceanwatermoredenseneartheNorthandSouthPoles?

40. Oceanshaveahugeeffectonweatherandclimatemainlybecause

a. oceanshavehugewaves

b. oceansareverysalty

c. thefishandseacreaturesgiveoffheat

d. oceansholdandspreadheataroundtheworldbycurrents

41. Intheoceananymovementofmaterialthatresultsfromdifferencesindensity:

a. Convectioncurrent

b. Upwelling

c. Surfacecurrent

d. CoriolisEffect

42. currentsaredrivenmainlybywindsandcurrentsarecausedbydifferencesindensityofoceanwater.

43. istheflatseafloorfrom4,000mto6,000mbelowtheoceansurface,formedbythedepositionofsediments.

a. Mid-OceanRidge

b. ContinentalShelf

c. AbyssalPlain

d. ContinentalSlope

7of14

44. Thedefinitionofsalinityis

a. thetotalamountofdissolvedsaltinseawater

b. thetotalamountofdirtintheocean

c. thedifferencebetweentemperatureanddensity

d. thetotalamountofmineralsinseawater

45. Describetheprocessoftheseafloorspreading.

46. Thesmall,plantlikeorganismsthatmakeupthefirstlinkintheocean'sfoodchainare.Thedissolvedmineralsandsaltsthatareleftbehindcauseoceanstobe.

47. Whichisthebestestimateofseafloorspreadingrates?

a. 1-10mm/yr

b. 1-10cm/yr

c. 1-10m/yr

d. 1-10km/yr

48. Whatisevidencethatseafloorspreadingexists?

a. fossils

b. pillow-likerocks

c. pressure

d. mountainranges

49. Theoceanbasinfeaturethatisalong,narrow,steep-sideddepressionintheseafloorformedwhereonecrustalplatessinksbeneathanotheriscalleda

a. ContinentalSlope

b. Trench

c. ContinentalShelf

d. Mid-OceanRidge

50. WhatareBenthos?

a. Oceananimalsthatactivelyswim

b. Marineorganismsthatdriftwiththecurrent

c. Newlyhatchedfishandcrabs

d. Plantsandanimalslivingonorintheseafloor

51. Thedark,superheatedwateratahydrothermalventisover500degreesF,yetitremainsaliquidwhenwaterboilsat212degreesF.Whatcausesthisveryhotwatertoremainintheliquidstate?

a. Thesurroundingdeepoceanwaterpressure.

b. Thecolddeepoceantemperatures.

c. Themineralsdissolvedintheventwater.

8of14

52. Wheredomostsurfaceoceancurrentsandwaterwavesgettheirenergy?

a. gravity

b. wind

c. salinitygradients

d. thethermocline

53. Nametwothingsthateffectsurfaceoceancurrents1.2.

54. ExplainwhatdensitycurrentsareANDwheretheyoccur.

55. Highersalinityvaporpressureandevaporationrate.

a. decreases,decreases

b. decreases,increases

c. increases,increases

d. increases,decreases

56. Only3%ofwateronearthis

a. Salty

b. Tapwater

c. Freshwater

57. Whatmathematicalunitisusedtomeasuresalinity?

a. partsperthousand(ppt)

b. partspermillion(ppm)

c. partsperbillion(ppb)

d. noneoftheabove

58. Thesecurrentsareresponsibleforaslowmixingofwaterbetweenthesurfaceanddeeperocean.

a. surfacecurrents

b. deepoceancurrents

c. densitycurrents

d. Californiacurrents

e. globalsurfacecurrents

59. WhichofthefollowingDOESNOTcauseadecreaseinsalinity?

a. evaporation

b. meltingofseaice

c. precipitation

d. runoff

9of14

60. About90%ofalltsunamisoccurinthisocean.

a. AtlanticOcean

b. IndianOcean

c. PacificOcean

61. Theworld'slargestoceanisthe

a. AtlanticOcean

b. PacificOcean

c. ArcticOcean

d. TheIndianOcean

62. Theseasarestillrising.Manyresearchersbelievethecauseis

a. globalwarming

b. glaciersgettingbigger

c. theoceanwatergettingmoredense

d. lowertemperaturesonEarth'ssurface

63. WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTaffectwaveheightindeepwater?

a. wavelength

b. windspeed

c. windduration

d. fetch

64. WhatoceanisChallengerDeeplocatedin?

a. IndianOcean

b. AtlanticOcean

c. PacificOcean

d. ArcticOcean

65. Name3thingsthatarecausingouroceanstobeindanger.

1.

2.

3.

66. Theishomeformanyoceanorganismsincludingplankton.

67. Whichofthefollowingoceansissaidtohavethesaltiestwater?

a. PacificOcean

b. AtlanticOcean

c. RedSea

10of14

68. WhatistheoceanclosesttoFloridacalled?

a. PacificOcean

b. AtlanticOcean

c. IndianOcean

d. CaspianSea

69. Semi-enclosedareawherethefreshwaterfromarivermeetssaltywaterfromthesea.

a. aquifer

b. ocean

c. estuary

d. wetland

70. Whichisnotanocean?

a. Indian

b. Pacific

c. Superior

d. Atlantic

71. Whichofthefollowingfactorswouldmostinfluencetheshoreimpactofatsunami?

a. tideheight

b. theseason

c. airtemperature

d. watertemperature

11of14

72. ThemapshowstheAtlanticOcean.Italsoshowsthecontinentsitborders.

Whichstatementbestdescribescontinentsandoceans?

a. allcontinentsaresurroundedbyoceans

b. somecontinentsaresurroundedbyoceans

c. continentsarenotsurroundedbyoceans

73. Astheoceanfloormovesawayfromthemidoceanridge

a. theclimatechanges

b. lavaflowsoutoftheriftandhardenstoformnewoceanfloor

74. Thedeepestpartoftheoceanisthe.

a. abyss

b. aphoticzone

c. disphoticzone

d. photiczone

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75. Whatoceanisthemostshallowandthecoldest?

76. Namethefiveoceans.

77. Theoceanisdividedintothreebasicareas1.2.3.

78. Whatisthemovementofcold,deepoceanwatertotheocean'ssurface?

a. deepoceancurrent

b. ElNino

c. Corioliseffect

d. upwelling

79. Whatistheoceanicridge?

a. thebottomoftheoceanwherelittlelightpenetratesthereforethereisverylittlelife

b. thecontinuousrangeofmountainsontheoceanfloorthatwindsaroundtheEarth

c. asectionoftheoceanfloorthatrisestoconnectopenoceanfloortocontinentalshelf

d. mountainrangesfromeachoceanconnectingtoformagiganticmountainsystem

80. Thisisa1to2kilometerdeep,severalkilometerswide,landfromwhichsplitsmanysegmentsoftheoceanic-ridgecrust

a. continentalshelf

b. mid-oceanicridge

c. oceaniccrust

d. riftvalley

81. isthestudyofearth'soceans.

a. Hydrology

b. Topography

c. Psychology

d. Oceanography

82. Thedeepestpartoftheoceanis:

a. MountEverest

b. MarianasTrench

c. MarianasFault

83. Oceancurrentsdrive

a. waterpatterns

b. weatherpatterns

c. mountainrains

d. air

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84. Wherearetheoceanslocated?

a. ontopoftheoceanicplates

b. ontopofthecontinentalplates

c. inholesinthecrust

d. noneoftheabove

85. Underseamountainrangesinthemiddleofoceanfloorsareknownas.

a. Deep-oceantrenches

b. Sea-floorspreading

c. Mid-oceanridges

86. Describeatsunami.

87. Theprocessthatmovessandalongashoreis

a. upwelling

b. longshoredrift

c. abrasion

d. densitycurrent

88. Whyistheoceanacarbonsink?

89. islandnexttotheocean.

90. Thediagramshowswaterflowinameanderingriverchannel.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainswhywaterflowsintheriverchannel?

a. gravitationalforce

b. energyfromthesun

c. differencesinwatersalinity

d. energyfromtheEarth’sinterior

91. Describethetopographyoftheoceanfloor.

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92. MostoftheEarth'sfreshwaterisfoundin.

a. ice

b. aquifers

c. oceans

d. lakes

93. Theheightoftheocean'ssurfaceiscalledthe.

a. climate

b. sealevel

c. heatwave

94. Gentle,rollingwaveswhichappearintheoceanevenduringcalmweatherareknownas.

a. currents

b. surf

c. tidalwaves

d. swells

95. TheoceanscoveroftheEarth'ssurface.

96. Whatisamid-oceanridge?

97. Thenameofthemostcommonsaltintheoceanis:

a. oxygen

b. sodiumchloride

c. hydrogen

1of8

Review:Chapter11-ExploringtheUniverseCOPYAnswerKey

1. WhattypesofelectromagneticradiationshavegivenprooftothepossibilityoftheBigBangTheory?

a. infraredanddarkmatterandmicrowave

b. darkmatter

c. infraredandmicrowave

2. Areflectivetelescopehasmainparts.

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. four

3. Apersonwhostudiesstars,planets,andotherobjectsintheskyiscalledan.

a. telescoper

b. starsologer

c. astronomer

d. astrologist

4. ThistypeoftelescopeneverhasproblemsseeingthroughEarth'satmosphere.Ituseslensestoenlargeanobject.

a. Earth-basedtelescope

b. reflectingtelescope

c. refractingtelescope

d. space-basedtelescope

5. TelescopeinspaceusedtoobserveuniverseusingX-Rays

a. ErwinTelescope

b. DarwinTelescope

c. MoonTelescope

d. ChandraTelescope

6. Whatinstrumentcananastronomerusetoseeobjectsthatareveryfaraway?

a. Microscope

b. Telescope

c. Compass

d. Stereoscope

7. Thefirstpersontouseatelescopeforastronomywas

a. Newton

b. Galileo

c. Copernicus

d. Kepler

2of8

8. Thefirsttypeoftelescopeinvented




d. radiotelescope

9. Thetelescopethatusesbothlensesandmirrorstogatherlight




d. radiotelescope

10. Thetelescopethatdetectswavelengthsotherthanvisiblelight




d. radiotelescope

11. Thetelescopethatusesamirrortogatherlight


b. x-raytelescope

c. reflectortelescope

d. radiotelescope

12. Anenormousexoplanet,calledHD106906b,wasdiscoveredthatis11timesthesizeofJupiter.Whatwasnotusedtodiscoverthisnewplanet?

a. InternationalSpaceStation

b. HubbleSpaceTelescope

c. Infraredcamera

d. Magellantelescope

13. Whatisthedifferencebetweenrefractingandreflectingtelescopes?

a. Arefractingtelescopeusesaconvexlenstomagnifyanimage,andareflectingtelescopeusesamirror.

b. Arefractingtelescopeusesamirror,andareflectingtelescopeusesaconcavelenstomagnifyanimage.

c. Areflectingtelescopeusesaconvexlenstomagnifyanimage,andarefractingtelescopeusesamirror

d. Thereisnodifference.

14. WhatwastheinitialproblemwiththeHubbleSpaceTelescope?

a. Itisareflectingtelescope,andtherewasaproblemwiththemirror.

b. Itisareflectingtelescope,andtherewasaproblemwiththelens.

c. Itisarefractingtelescope,andtherewasproblemwiththelens.

d. Itisarefractingtelescope,andtherewasaproblemwiththemirror.

3of8

15. Whyareradiotelescopesconsideredtobedependabletelescopes?

a. becausetheyneverrunoutofenergy

b. becausetheyuseradiostohelpvarioustelescope'scomputerscommunicatewitheachother

c. becausetheyuseradiowaves,whichpassfreelythroughEarth'satmosphereinanyweathercondition

d. becausetheyuseradiowaves,whichdonotpassfreelythroughEarth'satmosphereduetounpredictableweather

16. Telescopesthatbendlighttomakeobjectsseemlargerare

a. refractingtelescopes

b. reflectingtelescopes

c. radiotelescopes

d. spectroscopes

17. Thistoolmakesitpossibletoseethingsinspacemoreclearly:

a. microscope

b. telescope

c. binoculars

18. Scientistsusetostudystarsandplanets.

a. telescopes

b. magnifyingglasses

c. microscopes

19. Refractingtelescopessufferfromanopticaldefectcalledchromaticaberration.

a. True

b. False

20. WhatisthepurposeoftheNewMillenniumProgram?

a. tocreatesatellitestospyonothernations

b. todevelopadvancedtechnologythatwillletNASAsendsmartspacecraftintothesolarsystem

c. todeveloptechnologythatwillcreatemorejobsonEarth

d. tocreatetechnologyfasterthanothernations

21. TheItalianastronomer,Galileo,wasthefirstscientisttodowhat?

a. Discoverthecorrectshapeoftheplanetsorbits.

b. Discovergravityandinertia.

c. Useatelescopetotolookatobjectsinthesky.

d. Alloftheabove

22. technologyisusedtostudyplanetsinoursolarsystem.

a. Sonar

b. Satellite

c. Cable

d. Antennae

4of8

23. Astronomersusetomakeobservationsandcollectdataaboutobjectsinthesolarsystem.

a. telescopes

b. satellites

c. spaceprobes

d. alloftheabove

24. Whatsuccessfulspacetelescopewasscheduledtooperatefor15yearsbuthaditsmissiontimeextendedthankstoatleast4servicecalls?

a. Hubble

b. Chandra

c. Giotto

d. Cassini

25. WhatistheHubbleTuningFork?

a. Atoolusedtofine-tuneatelescope

b. Amachinethatshowstheelementsofastarbylookingatitslight

c. Aninstrumentusedtomeasurethedistancebetweenstars

d. Adiagramthatshowtypesofgalaxiesandhowtheyevolveovertime

26. WhatdoesNASAstandfor?

a. NationalsAcrobatsandSwimmingAssociation

b. NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration

c. NeighborhoodAwarenessandSharingAlliance

d. NewsAdministrationandSatelliteAssociation

27. Amodernapplicationforasatelliteisfor.

a. gatheringscientificdata

b. gatheringpicturesofEarth'ssurface

c. transmittingradioandtelevisionsignals

d. allanswersarecorrect

28. Whyarerocketsidealforexploringspace?

a. Theycangatherlotsdata.

b. Theydon'tneedair.

c. Theyareretrievable.

d. Theyareinexpensive.

29. Spaceprobes,unlikesatellites,areableto.

a. gatherdata

b. traveloutofthesolarsystem

c. gointoorbit

d. beretrieved

30. Howaresatellitesused?

a. togathermilitaryinformation

b. totransmittelevisionsignals

c. tomonitorweather

d. alloftheabove

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31. WhatcountrysuccessfullylauncheditsfirstsatellitenamedExplorer1?

a. China

b. Japan

c. UnitedStates

d. Canada

32. Whatcountrylaunchedtheworld'sfirstartificialsatellite,theSputnik?

a. China

b. Germany

c. Russia

d. UnitedStates

33. WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthefourbroadcategoriesofsatellites?

a. intelligence

b. communication

c. navigation

d. scientific

34. Tripsthatpeopletakeintospacearecalled.

a. crewedmissions

b. uncrewedmissions

c. spaceprobes

d. observations

35. Whatisthedefinitionofamission?

a. explorationofaship

b. awalkaroundthecity

c. aspecificjobortask

d. asystemofsignals

36. HowlongdidittaketoputtogethertheCuriosityMission?

a. 1-2Years

b. 3-5Years

c. 9-10Years

d. 20-25Years

37. WhydidmissionscientistsputRosettatosleepforseveralyears?

a. topreventrusting

b. tosavemoney

c. toanalyzedata

d. tosaveenergy

38. Mostformsofenergyoriginallycomefrom

a. water

b. theearth

c. thesun

d. naturalgas

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39. Earth'sclimate

a. hasbeenstableoverthehistoryoftheplanet

b. ischangingasaresultofnaturalandhumanprocesses

c. willstabilizeoverthenextcentury,accordingtothepredictionsofmostscientists

d. haschangedonlyonceduetotheevolutionofgreenphotosynthesizingplants

e. historyisundeterminablebecausethereisnomethodofstudyingclimatichistoryoftheplanet

40. ThegreenhouseeffectheatstheEarth'ssurfaceby

a. infraredradiationandsunlight

b. sunlightandvolcaniceruptions

c. mantelconvectionandinfraredradiation

d. volcaniceruptionsandmantleconvection

41. SunlighttheEarth'ssurface.

a. cools

b. warms

42. ThreeessentialtheoriesforEarthSciencearethetheoryofevolution,thetheoryofplatetectonics,andthetheoryof.

a. relativity

b. earthscience

c. climatechange

d. humanknowledge

43. WhatdidKarlJanskydiscover?

a. theplanetsmoveonanellipticalpath

b. theSunwasthecenteroftheUniverse

c. Earthrotatedonatiltedaxis,whichcausedtheseasons

d. radiowavescomingfromspace

44. Astrobiologyisbestdescribedas

a. thestudyofanimalsinspace

b. thescientificsearchforevidenceofintelligentlife

c. thestudyoflifeintheuniverse

45. WhatwaspresidentJohnF.Kennedy'sgoalforthespaceprogram?

a. Togotoinfinityandbeyond.

b. Tobethefirstonetolandahumanonthemoon.

c. Togototheedgeofoursolarsystem.

d. TostudytheeffectsofthesunonEarth'satmosphere.

46. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aisavehiclesentintospaceinordertoexploreplacestoodangerousortoofarawayforpeopletovisit.

47. Thegeocentrictheoryclaimsthattheearthisatthecenteroftheuniverse.

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48. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________List3importantadvantagesofexploringspace.

49. TheHubbletelescopehelpedscientistsascertainhowtheuniversebeganandhowolditis.

50. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whowasthefirstastronomertobuildatelescopeforviewingtheheavens?

51. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whatarethethreefunctionsofatelescope?

52. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whatisthefunctionoftheobjectivelensofarefractingtelescope?

53. Refractingtelescopesgottheirnamebecausetheyrefract,orbend,light.

54. Themaindifferencebetweenareflectingtelescopeandarefractingtelescopeisthatareflectingtelescopeusesa(n)mirrortofocustheincominglight.

55. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhydospacetelescopesproduceclearerimagesthantelescopesonEarth?

56. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Listtwoadvantagesofradiotelescopesoveropticaltelescopes.

57. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aisaninstrumentusedtoobservedistantobjects.

58. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Nameonekindoftoolthatmodernastronomerscanusetocollectinformationinouterspace.

59. TheHubbleSpaceTelescopeisagianttelescopefloatinginspacedesignedandbuiltbyengineersatAmericaspaceagencyNASA.

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60. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whataretelescopesusedfor?

61. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name2majorcategoriesofopticaltelescopes.

62. IsaacNewtoncreatedthefirstreflectingtelescope.

63. TheHubbletelescopewaslaunchedbytheUnitedStatesfromaspaceshuttlein1990.

64. A.refractingtelescopeB.reflectingtelescopeC.radiotelescopeD.spectroscope

D1.breaksdownthelightgivenoffbyastarintoallitscolors

A2.bendslighttomakeobjectsseemlarger

C3.collectsradiowavesfromspaceusinglargeconcave-shapeddisk

B4.producesaclearermagnifiedimagebecausethelightisreflected

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Review:Chapter12-Earth'schangingsurface.AnswerKey

1. Earthquakesmostoftenoccur

a. inthemiddleoftectonicplates.

b. anywherenearatectonicplate.

c. onlyinthe'RingofFire'.

d. ontheboundaryoftectonicplates.

2. Thetheoryofplatemovementandhowthecontinentsmovedapartovertimeiscalled.

a. platetectonics

b. geology

c. continentaltectonics

d. biology


a. liquidmagma

b. technicaltermusedfordinnerware

c. lavaflowingintotheocean

d. themovablecrustontopoftheearth'smantle


a. adishmadeofrock

b. akindofmountain

c. amovingpieceofEarth'srockycrust

d. aloosepieceofEarth'sinnercore

5. Tectonicplatesinteractatplacescalledplate

a. reversals

b. boundaries

c. regions

d. centers

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WhichlettershowstheArabianplate?

a. I

b. J

c. L

d. M


WhichlettershowstheCaribbeanplate?

a. B

b. C

c. D

d. E

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8. Whatmovesapartortogethertoformvolcanoesorearthquakes?

a. tectonicplates

b. cups

c. gravity



a. B

b. C

c. D

d. E

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a. A

b. B

c. C

d. D

11. Atectonicplatesegmentincludesthe.

a. allofthemantle

b. thecrustandtheasthenosphere

c. theuppermantleandthecrust

d. themantleandthecore

12. Whattypeoftectonicplateboundaryinvolvesacollisionbetweentwotectonicplates?

a. divergent

b. transform

c. convergent

d. normal

13. Theplatetectonicstheorystatesthat

a. continentalcrust"plowsthrough"oceaniccrust

b. oceaniccrust"slidesover"continentalcrust

c. lithosphericplatesmove

d. tectonicforcescausethemostdamageinthecenteroftheplates

14. Whatisthelargesttectonicplate?

a. Scotiaplate

b. Pacificplate

c. Eurasianplate

d. Antarcticplate

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WhichlettershowstheJuandeFucaplate?

a. B

b. C

c. D

d. E

16. ShiftingpiecesoftheEarth'scrustarecalled

a. magma

b. volcano

c. tectonicplates

d. island

17. ThecollisionofIndiaandAsiathatformedtheHimalayasisstillcollidingtoday,causingthemountainrangetocontinuetorise.Whatkeepsthemountainfromgettingtoobig?

a. erosion

b. volcanism

c. deposition

d. platetectonics

18. Earth’scrustconsistsofmajorandminorthatmoverelativetoeachother.

a. rockformations

b. tectonicplates

c. mantles

19. Whatcausestectonicplatestomove?

a. radiationfromwithinthecrust

b. magneticforcesfromtheinnercore

c. convectioncurrentsinthemantle

d. slowcontinentaldrift

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20. Theportionofthemantlejustbelowthelithosphereoftheearth.

a. oceaniccrust

b. asthenosphere

c. platetectonics

21. Whatcanpossiblyhappenatallthreetypesofboundarylines?

a. anearthquake

b. avolcano

c. amountainrange

d. alloftheabove

22. Somevolcanoesformnewasplatesmoveapartandmagmarisestothesurfaceofthecrust.

a. volcanoes

b. oceanfloor

c. earthquakes

d. mantle

23. anyofvariousinstrumentsformeasuringandrecordingthevibrationofearthquakes

a. faults

b. earthquakes

c. epicenter

d. seismograph

e. volcano

f. lava

24. Gravitycanpullrocksandsoilrapidlydownahillslidecausinga(n)

a. tsunami

b. earthquake

c. landslide

d. volcano

25. acone-shapedlandformthatcaneruptattimes

a. earthquake

b. fault

c. epicenter

d. volcano

26. acrackwhereearth'scrustcanmove

a. fault

b. epicenter

c. volcano

d. earthquake

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27. Theplaceundergroundwhereplatesmovesandtheearthquakebegin.

a. focus

b. fault

c. volcano

d. earthquake

28. Volcanoesandearthquakesrelatetothefollowingsphere:

a. biosphere

b. atmosphere

c. geosphere

d. anthrosphere

29. WhatdoyoucallthesuddenmovementofEarth'scrust?

a. earthquake

b. tsunami

c. volcano

d. fault

30. WhydidWegenerthinkthatcontinentaldriftcouldbeusedtoexplainrockscarringinSouthAmerica,India,andAustralia?

a. volcanoesmovedtheseafloor

b. glacierscausethescarring

c. earthquakesscarrocks

d. Hessproposedthistheory

31. Wheredoearthquakesandvolcanoes(withtheexceptionofHawaii)usuallyoccur,andwhy?

TheyusuallyhappenattheboundarieswheretheEarth'splatecometogether.Attheseboundaries,therearecrackscalledfaults.Pressurebuildsupalongfaultsuntilthereisaslippingoftheplates,causinganearthquake.Underthesefaults,itiseasyforvolcanoestoformasthepressuremeltsrockandit'sforcedupnearthefaultswheretheEarth'scrustisweak.

32. Atransformboundaryisaboundarywheretwoplatesslidepastoneanother.Whatgeologicaleventwillbemostlikelytooccuralongatransformboundary?

a. mountainformation

b. volcanoeruption

c. earthquake

d. riftvalley

33. ScientistsarestudyingagraphshowingthetimedifferencesbetweentheseismicP-wavesandtheseismicS-wavesastheytravelthroughEarth.Whichinformationcantheylearnfromthegraph?

a. themagnitudeofanearthquake

b. thedurationofanearthquake

c. theepicenterofanearthquake

d. theintensityofanearthquake

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34. Thefivefactorsthatdeterminehowsoilsdevelopare:

a. parentmaterial,climate,vegetation,landscape,andtime

b. animals,humus,weather,leaching,andvolcanoes

c. sun,animals,humus,leaching,andearthquakes

35. Whatlandformsareformedatasubductionzone?

a. faults

b. volcanoesonly

c. mountainsonly

d. mountainsandvolcanoes

36. Howarevolcanoesondivergentboundariesdifferentthanvolcanoesonconvergentboundaries?

Volcanoesondivergentboundariesareformedwhentheplatesmovepartcausingriftstoform.Whentheseplatesseparate,theyformlong,deepcrackscalledrifts.Magmaflowsthroughtheseriftsaslavaandisquicklycooledbytheocean'swater.Asmorelavaflows,itbuildsupfromthebottomoftheocean.Sometimesthevolcanoesandrifteruptionsriseabovethetopoftheoceanandformislands.VolcanoesonconvergentboundariesformwhentheEarth'splatesmovetogether.Whentheseplatesmovetogetherthepartthatslidesunderneathanotherplateispartiallymeltedformingmagma.Themagmaisthenforceduptothesurfaceformingvolcanoes.

37. Thethreemaincategories/stagesofvolcanoesare:active,dormant,andextinct

38. awaveproducedbyanearthquake

seismicwave

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39. OnewaytheatmosphereshapesEarth'ssurfaceiswith

a. winds

b. tsunamis

c. earthquakes

40. Lowlandbetweenhillsormountains

a. valley

b. island

c. volcano

41. Earthquakehazardsinclude:

a. buildingcollapse

b. fire

c. liquefaction

d. alloftheabove

42. Theprocessofwearingawayrocksbynaturalmeansiscalled

a. erosion

b. weathering

c. faults

d. earthquakes

43. Therapiddownhillmovementoflargeamountofrockandsoiliscalleda(n):

a. erosion

b. landslide

c. avalanche

d. earthquake

44. Adirtanddebrisfilledfloodofwater

a. tsunamis

b. earthquake

c. mudslide

d. landslide

45. Depositionisthedepositofweatheredmaterials.

46. Waterfreezinginthecracksofrocksisanexampleof.

a. deposition

b. mechanicalweathering

c. chemicalweathering

d. erosion

47. Themovementofrocks.

a. Deposition

b. Weathering

c. Erosion

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55. Depositioniswhenparticlescarriedbywater,windoricearedepositedinanotherlocation.

Themovementofsedimentorsoilfromonelocationtoanotheriserosion.

Thebreakingdownofrocksandmineralsbyphysical,chemicalorbiologicalprocessesisweathering.

48. Processinwhichrocksgetbrokendown.

a. Weathering

b. Erosion

c. Deposition

49. Whichoftheseareputinthecorrectorder?

a. deposition,erosion,weathering

b. weathering,erosion,deposition

c. erosion,deposition,weathering

d. weathering,deposition,erosion

50. Theprocessinwhichmaterialsareerodedbyweatheroriceandaredroppedintoanewplace,creatinganewlandform

a. Weathering

b. Deposition

c. Erosion

51. Freezingandthawingareatypeof

a. chemicalweathering.

b. erosion.

c. physicalweathering.

d. deposition.

52. Rocksarebrokendownbychangingthechemicalmakeupofthemineralsthrough

a. physicalweathering.

b. erosion.

c. chemicalweathering.

d. deposition.

53. Water,oxygen,carbondioxide,andacidsaresignificantagentsof.

a. chemicalweathering

b. abrasion

c. mechanicalweathering

d. erosion

54. Plains,plateaus,peninsulas,valleys,hills,basins,canyonsandmountainareexamplesof:

a. PhysicalWeathering

b. ChemicalWeathering

c. Erosion

d. Landforms

e. Weathering

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Deltasformingatthemouthsofriversdeposition.

Amudslideflowingdownasteephillerosion.

Needstotakeplacebeforeerosionweathering.

Windblowingsandfromonelocationtoanothererosion.

Canbemechanicalorchemicalweathering.

Wavesdroppingsandonthebeachdeposition.

Occurswhengravity'sdownwardpullonsedimentisstrongererosion.

Resultsinwindorwaterformingbeaches,barrierislands,andsandbarsdeposition.

Humanactivitiessuchasconstructionincreasethisprocesserosion.

Nomovementofsedimentisinvolvedweathering.

Themovementofweatheredmaterialserosion.

Layersofsedimentformingatthebottomoftheoceandeposition.

Glaciersdroppingrockandsandtoformterminalmorainesdeposition.

Rocksbeingmadesmoothbytumblingacrossastream-bedweathering.

Windblastingsandatrockandcarvingoutarchesweathering.

Rainwashingawaysoilfromahillsideerosion.

56. Whatisthedifferencebetweenweatheringanderosion?

Weatheringisthebreakingupofrocksonthesurfaceoftheearthastheyareexposedtotheelements.Erosionisthemovementofweatheredmaterialbywater,iceandwind

57. Weatheringmusttakeplacebeforeerosion.

a. True

b. False

58. Whatchangesearthsurface?

a. volcanoes

b. weathering

c. erosion

d. alloftheabove

59. Weatheringanderosionarequickchangestotheearth'ssurface.

a. True

b. False

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60. Describehowgravitycauseserosion.

answerswillvary-downwardflowofwater,landslides

61. Whatarefourfactorsthateffecterosion?

precipitation,wind,slope,vegetation,soilcomposition

62. Whatarethreemajorcausesforerosion?

a. snow,tornado,volcano

b. sinkholes,landslides,mudslides

c. ice,wind,water

d. wind,heat,platetectonics

63. Listthreelandformsformedbyerosion.

answerswillvary-valley,canyon,cave

64. Whichoftheseisanexampleofweathering?

a. Mountainsarebuilt

b. Waterfreezes

c. Plantrootswidenacrackinarock

d. Avolcanoerupts

65. Erosioncanbecausedbywhichofthefollowing?Selectallthatapply.

a. wind

b. water

c. ice

d. gravitationalpull

66. Howdoearthwormsaidinweathering?

Whentheyburrow,theymovesoilparticlesaroundandexposefreshsurfacestoweather.

67. Labelthefollowingeventswitha"D"fordeposition,"W"forweathering,or"E"forerosion.

DLayersofsedimentformingatthebottomofoceans

WWatergettingintocracks,freezing,andbreakingtherocksorpavementapart.

ERocksbeingmadesmoothbytumblingacrossastreambed.

EAmudslideflowingdownasteephill.

DWavesdroppingsandonabeach

WWindblastingsandandrockcarvingoutarches.

68. Listthreehumanactivitiesthatremovenaturalvegetationandgreatlyaccelerateerosion.

answerswillvary-clearcutting,slashandburnagriculture,building

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Review:Chapter13-WeatheranditsimpactsAnswerKey

1. Bywhataremostdifferencesinairpressurecausedby?

a. unequalheatingoftheatmosphere

b. equalheatingoftheatmosphere

c. unequalcoolingoftheatmosphere

d. equalcoolingoftheatmosphere

2. The_________________________________isthethinlayerofairthatsurroundsEarth.

atmosphere

3. Theatmosphere

a. createsthetides.

b. hasnoteffectonheatgainorloss.

c. allowsheattoescapequicklyinordertocooltheplanet.

d. keepsheatfromescapingtooquicklyintospace.

4. Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribeshumidity?

a. Itistheamountofheatintheatmosphere.

b. Itdescribestheamountofsunlightintheatmosphere.

c. Itistheamountofwatervaporintheatmosphere.


a. gasesintheatmosphere.

b. layersintheatmosphere.

c. airpressure.

d. precipitation.


a. gasesintheatmosphere

b. layersintheatmosphere

c. airpressure

d. precipitation


ItwillmostlikelyrainlatertonightinJacksonville,Florida.

a. forecast

b. atmosphere


Layerofgasesthatsurroundstheearth.

a. weather

b. atmosphere

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Rainandsnowaretwotypesof.

a. atmosphere

b. precipitation

10. Whichstatementistrueaboutweather?

a. Itoccursthroughouttheatmosphere

b. Itoccursthroughouttheupperatmosphere

c. Itoccursthroughouttheloweratmosphere

d. Itoccursinthestratosphere

11. Whatistheatmosphere?

AverythinblanketofairthatsurroundsEarth.

12. Theatmosphereconsistsof

a. helium

b. hydrogen

c. oxygen

d. amixtureofgases

13. isthemostabundantgasintheatmosphere(itmakesup78%oftheatmosphere).

a. Oxygen

b. Argon

c. Nitrogen

d. Ozone

14. Averageweatherconditionsinanareaoveralongperiodoftime

a. atmosphere

b. condensation

c. climate

15. Theoutermostlayeroftheatmosphere:

exosphere

16. Theatmosphereismadeprimarilyof.

a. oxygen

b. nitrogen

c. ammonia

d. carbondioxide

17. Whichisnotalayeroftheatmosphere?

a. Stratosphere

b. Mesosphere

c. Thermosphere

d. Mantle

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18. Lowestlayeroftheatmosphere:

troposphere

19. Howdoessevereweatherform?Listtwoexamplesofsevereweather.

Someexamples:tornadoes,hurricanes,snowstorms,thunderstormsCausesvarybuttypicallyincludemoistureintheatmosphere,thermallift,andatmosphericinstability

20. weather

a. theroadsandhighways

b. thegrassandthetrees

c. theconditionsoftheatmosphere

21. Allprecipitationisaformofsevereweather.

a. True

b. False

22. List3examplesofsevereweather.

Hurricanes,tornadoes,blizzardsandthunderstorms.

23. Asevereweatherwatchmeanswhichofthefollowing?

a. Theconditionsarerightforsevereweather,butitisnotoccurringyet.

b. Severeweatherisoccurring.

c. Severeweatherhaspassedthroughanditisnowsafetogooutside.

d. Itistheseasonduringwhichthetypeofsevereweatherconcernedoccurs.

24. Asevereweatherwarningmeans

a. theconditionsarerightforsevereweather,butitisnotoccurringyet

b. severeweatherisoccurring

c. severeweatherhaspassedthroughanditisnowsafetogooutside

d. itistheseasonduringwhichthetypeofsevereweatherconcernedoccurs

25. WhichtypeofsevereweatherisNOTanintensetropicalstorm?

a. hurricane

b. typhoon

c. tropicalcyclone

d. tornado

26. A"snapshot"ofconditionsataparticulartimeoveralargearea.

a. climate

b. weathermap

c. isobar

d. weather

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27. Whatisweather?

a. Anarea'slong-termweatherpattern.

b. Thestateoftheatmosphereatagivenplaceortime.

c. Largevolumeofairthathassimilarcharacteristicsoftemperatureandwatervaporcontent

d. Whenlargeairmassesofdifferentdensity,moisture,andtemperaturemeet

28. Whatcauseswind?

a. asunnyweatherpatternfollowedbyacloudyweatherpattern

b. anunevenheatingoftheatmosphere

c. arainyweather

29. Amapkeyshowsthesymbolsbelow:

ColdFront

WarmFront

StationaryFront

OccludedFront

Wouldthesesymbolsbeusedtoshowweatherorclimate?

a. weather

b. climate

30. Weatherisdeterminedbytheconditionsinthe:

a. thermosphere

b. mesosphere

c. troposphere

d. stratosphere

31. Theseareusedtophotographandtracklarge-scaleairmovements.

a. weatherballoons

b. weathersatellites

c. slingpsychrometers

d. barometers

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35. Themapshowstheworld'smajorbiomes.

32. Whichbestdescribesthedifferencebetweenclimateandweather?

a. Weatherismorepredictablethanclimate

b. Weatherislesspredictablethanclimate

c. Weatherandclimatearebothpredictable

d. Weatherandclimatearebothunpredictable

33. Theanemometerandweathervaneareweathertoolsusedtomeasurewind

a. Speedandtemperature

b. Directionandpressure

c. PressureandTemperature

d. DirectionandSpeed

34. Whatareweatherradars?

a. Machinesusedtodeterminethelocationofprecipitation.

b. Machinesusedtodeterminethemovementofprecipitation.

c. Machinesusedtodeterminetheamountofprecipitation.

d. Alloftheabove

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Thetundraisacold,windy,anddrybiome.Onlyafewinchesofprecipitationfalleachyear.Theaveragetemperatureforthetundraisachilly10to20degreesFahrenheit.

Doesthepassagedescribetheweatherorclimateforthetundrabiome?

a. weather

b. climate

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36. Themapshowsisobars,orlinesofequalairpressure,foralocation.

Doesthemaprepresentweatherorclimateforthatlocation?

a. weather

b. climate

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37. Acoldfrontoccurswhenafastmovingcoldairmasspushesaslowermovingwarmairmassupward.Stormscanformalongtheleadingedgeofacoldfront.

Doesthepassageaboutcoldfrontsdescribeweatherorclimate?

a. weather

b. climate

38. Whichkindofweatherisalow-pressuresystemmostlikelytobring?

a. fairweather

b. hot,sunnyweather

c. precipitation

d. lightbreezes

39. Aweathervanetells

a. howfastthewindblows

b. thedirectionfromwhichthewindcomes

c. theairpressure

d. theamountofrainthatfalls

40. Areaswithlowpressurehaveweatherthatisandareasofhighpressurehaveweatherthatis.

a. sunny,cloudy

b. cloudy,sunny

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41. Whatisahurricane?

a. Alargefunnelthatformsfromthesky

b. Alightningstorm

c. Astormthatformsatseaandstrikesland

d. Aniceblizzardwithgustywinds

42. Atmosphericconditionsforalongperiodoftimeiscalled.

a. weather

b. climate

c. humidity

43. Theboundarybetweenairmasses.

a. Front

b. Weather

c. Barometer

44. Theprocessbywhichagaschangesintoaliquid.

a. Condensation

b. Weather

c. Evaporation

45. Whichweatherinstrumentwouldbethemostusefultopredictchangesinweather?

a. ananemometer

b. araingauge

c. abarometer

46. Whatistheweatherlikeinsummer?

Answersinclude:hot,humid,sunny,summershowers,etc.

47. Rain,sleet,hail,andsnowareallpartoftheprocessinthewatercycle.

a. transpiration

b. evaporation

c. precipitation

d. condensation

48. isaprocessinthewatercycle,wherewatervaporrisesintotheatmosphere.

a. Precipitation

b. Transpiration

c. Condensation

d. Evaporation

49. Createaparagraph,tellingastoryabouttheprocessofcondensation.Makesureyouincludeasmuchdetailaspossible.

Seeparagraph

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50. Whichisatypeofcloud?

a. Darius

b. Cirrus

c. Citrus

d. Dover

51. Name3typesofweather.

Answerswillvary.Sunny,rainy,hot,cold,cloudy,etc.

52. Namethefivefeaturesofweather.

TemperatureAtmosphericPressureHumidityWindPrecipitation

53. Stormsandsevereweatheroccurwhenairmassescollide.Airmassescanbeandmoist,oranddry.

a. Cold;warm

b. Warm;cold

54. Aweatherpredictionbeforeithappensisa.

a. Forecast

b. Guess

c. Hypothesis

d. Meteorologist

55. Lookingataweathermaphelpyouto

a. Predictweather

b. Seeweatherstationinstruments

c. Lookatradar

d. Findthelocationofabarometer

56. Highpressuresystemshaveweatherandare.

a. rainy,stable

b. clear,stable

c. rainy,unstable

d. clear,unstable

57. WeathersatelliteAnartificialsatellitethatrevolvesaroundtheEarthanddetectsandreportsweatherpatternsontheEarth'ssurface.

58. Weatherandclimatearebasicallythesamething.

a. True

b. False

59. Whichisahighpressureweathersystem?

a. anticyclone

b. cyclone

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60. Whichisalowpressureweathersystem?

a. anticyclone

b. cyclone

61. Whichnaturalhazardiscausedbyweather?

a. flooding

b. tsunami

c. earthquake

d. volcaniceruption

62. Aweatherinstrumentthatusesmicrowavefrequencyradiowavesthatbounceoffwaterdropletsincloudsinordertoproduceamapofthecloudlocationswouldbe.

a. barometer

b. anemometer

c. radar

d. weathersatellite

63. Drawapictureofwhattheclimateislikeinthesummerwhereyouliveandhowpeopleinteractwiththeclimate.

drawingswillvary-shouldshowwarmweatherandexampleofhowpeopleinteractwithwarmweather(clothing/activities)

64. A/Ancloudisoftenassociatedwithfairweather.

a. cumulus

b. nimbostratus

c. stratus

d. altostratus

65. Blowssteadilyoverlongdistancesinapredictabledirection

a. weather

b. humidity

c. globalwind

d. insolation

66. Whichkindofsevereweathereventdoyouthinkistheworst?Describethereasonswhyyouthinkso.

answerswillvary

67. Whichofthefollowingchoicesisanexampleofweather?

a. Floridaisgenerallysunny.

b. Alaskaisgenerallycold.

c. Itishottoday.

d. Rainforestsgetalotofraineveryyear.

68. WhatweatherphenomenonismeasuredbytheBeaufortscale?

Windspeed

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69. Whatforceisbehindallweatheronearth?

a. wind

b. gravity

c. earth'srotation

d. energyfromthesun

70. ThestoredintheoceandrivesmuchofEarth'sweather.

a. heat

b. energy

c. currents

d. watervapor


a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

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a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

73. Cislocatedonalinecalla(n).

a. isobar

b. isotherm

c. contourline

d. weatherfront

74. Aboutwhichtwoatmosphericconditionsdoestheweathermapprovidethemostinformation?

a. relativehumidityandweatherfronts

b. barometricpressureandweatherfronts

c. relativehumidityandtemperaturerange

d. barometricpressureandtemperaturerange

75. Whatdoisobarsonamaptellus?

a. CloudCover

b. Weather

c. Elevation

d. AirPressure

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76. AweathermapshowsalakeeffectsnowstormmovingeastacrossLakeErie.InBuffalo,thecurrentweatherissunnyandcoldwithnoclouds.WhatcanweexpecttheweathertobeinBuffalolateronintheday?

a. itwillstaysunnyandcoldwithnoclouds

b. itwillbesunnyandwarmwithsomeclouds

c. itwillbecloudyandcoldwithalotofsnow

d. itwillbecloudyandcoldwithrain

77. Differencesinairpressurecauseswhichweatherphenomena?

a. winds

b. oceancurrents

c. seasons

d. watercycle


a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

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a. cold

b. warm

c. occluded

d. stationary

80. Whatwouldthefollowingsymbolindicateonaweathermap?

a. ColdFront

b. WarmFront

c. OccludedFront

d. StationaryFront

81. Giventherightweatherconditions,thunderstormscanturninto.

a. Tornadoes

b. Hurricanes

c. Volcanoes

82. Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtomeasureanddescribeweather?

a. formandamountofprecipitation

b. conditionsofthesky(cloudy,sunny)

c. temperature

d. alloftheabove

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a.

b.

83. Whattypeofweathertypicallyformswithacoldfront?

intenseprecipitationandthunderstorm.

84. Howdoesameteorologistbegintocreateaweatherforecast?

a. bygoingoutsideandobservingthelocalweather

b. byreadingforecastsfromabook

c. bymeasuringtemperature,precipitation,airpressure,andwindoveralargearea

d. bycheckingseabreezes

85. Describewhattypeofweatherwemayexperienceifthepressureonthebarometerislow.

morelikelytobe"bad"weathersuchasstorms,precipitation,and/orclouds

86. Whatcauseschangesinlocalweatherfromdaytoday?

a. changesinwinddirection

b. movementofairmasses

c. Earth'smovementaroundtheSun

d. Earth'srotatingonitsaxis

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c.

d.


a.

b.

c.

d.

89. Placeslocatedinhighlatitudeshave

a. averywarmclimate.

b. thesameweatherasplacesinotherlatitudes.

c. amixofextremelyhotandextremelycoldweather.

d. thecoldestclimatesonEarth.

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90. Thethreemaintypesofcloudsare:

a. Altostratus,Stratus,CirrusStatus

b. Cumulus,Altocumulus,Cumulusnimbus

c. Stratuscumlus,Cirrus,Cululus

d. Cirrus,Stratus,Cumulus

91. Theoppositeoftoomuchrainistoolittleornotrain,whichcausesa.

a. Rainbow

b. Flood

c. Front

d. Drought

92. Darkcloudscoverthesunandthewindblowsstronger.Fromthisobservation,apersonmaybeabletopredictthat

a. Sunnyweatherisonitsway.

b. Astormiscoming.

c. Itisnighttime.

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Review:Chapter14-OceansAnswerKey


Thesurferrodethelargeallthewaytothebeach.

a. tide

b. wave


Wehadtomoveourbeachtowelsastheoceanwatermovedtowardusduringhigh.

a. tide

b. wave

3. Whatarethebasicmotionsofoceanwater?Therearethreeanswers.

waves,currents,tides

4. Theregularrisingandfallingofsealevelduemainlytothepullofthemooniscalled

a. waves

b. tides

c. surf

d. crest

5. ThegravitationalpulloftheEarth'smoon(andsun)generateswhatoceanphenomenon?

a. tides

b. density

c. turbulence

d. waves

6. Whatcarrieswarmwatertowardthepoles?

a. tides

b. rivers

c. waves

d. currents

7. Whichofthefollowinglistsoceanwavesfromsmallesttolargest?

a. seiches,chop,capillarywaves,swells,tsunamis,tides

b. swells,capillarywaves,seiches,chop,tides,tsunamis

c. capillarywaves,chop,swells,seiches,tsunamis,tides

d. chop,seiches,swells,capillarywaves,tides,tsunamis

8. Verticaldisplacementsofwaterare

a. tides.

b. densitycurrents.

c. waves.

d. surfacecurrents.

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9. Windcausesanup-and-downmovementofoceanwater,calleda____________.

a. deepoceancurrent

b. tide

c. surfacecurrent

d. wave

10. Whydoesawaveusuallybreak?

a. onewavecatchesuptoanother

b. thefrictionoftheshallowshoreflooronthebaseofthewave

c. thetide

d. thecurrents

11. Whatarethebasicmotionsoftheocean?

up/downwaves;steadymovementcurrents;rise/falloftides

12. Whichiscausedbydensitydifferences?

a. surfacecurrents

b. oceanwaves

c. deepoceancurrents

d. oceantides

13. Thistideoccursontwopointsoftheearthatatime-oneclosesttothemoonandonefarthestfromthemoon

a. Lowtide

b. Hightide

c. Springtide

d. Neaptide

14. CoreyhasajobhelpingtosetnewpilingsintotheseabottomatCedarKey,Florida.ThepilingswillsupportanewMarineScienceLabwhenthejobiscomplete.Heworksalldayandnoticesthatonthisday,thetidechangedverylittlecomparedtonormal.Onthewayhomeafterwork,henoticesthemoonisinthefirstquarterphase."Aha,thatexplainsit",hesaystohimselfashedriveshisgolfcarthome.Whatdidhejustrealize?

a. ItisaSpringTide

b. ItisaFallTide

c. ItisaNeapTide

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15. LookatthetidalbulgeonthesideoftheEarth(B)nearE.Whichstatementbestdescribesthetideoccurringhere?

a. ebbtide

b. lowtide

c. hightide

d. slacktide

16. Aisamoderatetidethatoccurswhenthesunandthemoonareatrightangles.

a. neaptide

b. springtide

c. diurnaltide

d. semidiurnaltide

17. Tidesthatproducetheleastdifferencebetweenconsecutivehighandlowtidesarecalled

a. neaptides.

b. springtides.

c. falltides.

d. fulltides.

18. TerrancestandsontheNumber4bridgeinCedarKey,Floridaandmakes2observations.One:Thetidehasebbedandisatanunusuallylowlevel.Two:Abrightfullmoonisrisingovertheexposedmudflatsandmarshgrass.Whattypeoftidehasoccurred?

a. NeapTide

b. FloodTide

c. SpringTide

19. Thelowestofhightideandthehighestoflowtidearecalledneaptides(leastextremetides).

20. Whichhasthehighesthightideandlowestlowtide?

a. SpringTide

b. NeapTide

21. Asinglehighandasinglelowtidedaily.

a. Diurnaltides

b. Neaptides

c. Springtides

d. Tidalrange

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22. Aquaticbiomesaregroupedby.

a. temperatureandprecipitation

b. salinityandlatitude

c. salinityanddepth

d. salinityandtemperature

23. Thedifferencebetweenalakeandapondis.

a. salinityanddepth

b. temperatureandsalinity

c. altitudeandsurfacearea

d. surfaceareaanddepth

24. Coralreefsareaffectedbythe____________________,orsaltinessofoceanwater.

salinity

25. Whichfactorsaffectthedensityofdeep-oceancurrents?

a. surfacecurrentsandwindstrength

b. clockwisedirectionandoceanlocation

c. hemisphereandamountofsalt

d. temperatureandamountofsalt

26. Explainwhytheoceansaresaltyandmostlakesarenotsalty.

Mostlakeshaveriversrunningoutofthem(outlets)thatcarrysaltswhileoceansdonothaveanoutletsothesaltaccumulatesandisconcentratedthroughevaporation.

27. Thetwomajorcontrollingfactorsfordeepoceancurrentsare

a. salinityandwind

b. pressureandsalinity

c. windandtemperature

d. temperatureandsalinity

28. Duetoseafloorspreading,oceaniccrustisandsedimentisonoceanridgecrests.

a. old;thin

b. old;thick

c. young;thin

d. young;thick

29. Whichofthefollowingfactorsaffectoceanwaterdensity?

a. pressure

b. temperature

c. salinity

d. alloftheabove

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30. Whatistheaveragesalinityattheoceansurface?

a. 35ppt

b. 40ppt

c. 45ppt

d. 25ppt

31. Whatistheapproximatedensityoftheoceansurface?

a. 1027

b. 1030

c. 1033

d. 1034

32. TheareawherenewoceanfloorisformedwhenlavaeruptsthroughcracksinEarth’scrustiscalled

a. Seafloor

b. ContinentalShelf

c. ContinentalSlope

d. Mid-OceanRidge

33. arefoundnearcontinents,particularlyaroundtheedgesofthePacificOcean.

a. Oceantrenches

b. Oceanmountains

c. Mid-oceanridges

d. Seafloorspreading

34. Whatdoesturbiditymeasure?

a. thesalinityofthewater

b. howhotthewateris

c. thevisibilityofthewater

d. thedensityofthewater

35. Thesalinityoftheestuarywaterisaverageoceanwater.

a. higherthan

b. lowerthan

c. equalto

d. noneoftheabove

36. Waterdensityincreasesasdecreases.

a. salinity

b. sand

c. oxygenlevels

d. temperature

kg/m3

kg/m3

kg/m3

kg/m3

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37. Whichtypeofseawaterhasthegreatestdensity?

a. warm,withlowsalinity

b. warm,withhighsalinity

c. cold,withlowsalinity

d. cold,withhighsalinity

38. Seafloorspreadingiswhennewseafloorisformedwhenisforcedupward.

a. magma

b. water

c. soil

d. calciumcarbonate

39. WhyisoceanwatermoredenseneartheNorthandSouthPoles?

Whenoceanwaterfreezesitleavesthesaltbehind,makingthewatercolderandmoresalty.

40. Oceanshaveahugeeffectonweatherandclimatemainlybecause

a. oceanshavehugewaves

b. oceansareverysalty

c. thefishandseacreaturesgiveoffheat

d. oceansholdandspreadheataroundtheworldbycurrents

41. Intheoceananymovementofmaterialthatresultsfromdifferencesindensity:

a. Convectioncurrent

b. Upwelling

c. Surfacecurrent

d. CoriolisEffect

42. Surfacecurrentsaredrivenmainlybywindsanddeepoceancurrentsarecausedbydifferencesindensityofoceanwater.

43. istheflatseafloorfrom4,000mto6,000mbelowtheoceansurface,formedbythedepositionofsediments.

a. Mid-OceanRidge

b. ContinentalShelf

c. AbyssalPlain

d. ContinentalSlope

44. Thedefinitionofsalinityis

a. thetotalamountofdissolvedsaltinseawater

b. thetotalamountofdirtintheocean

c. thedifferencebetweentemperatureanddensity

d. thetotalamountofmineralsinseawater

45. Describetheprocessoftheseafloorspreading.

newoceancrustformsatamid-oceanridgewheretwoplatesmoveapartduetoconvectionandmagmaeruptsfromtherifttoformnewoceanfloor

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46. Thesmall,plantlikeorganismsthatmakeupthefirstlinkintheocean'sfoodchainarephytoplankton.Thedissolvedmineralsandsaltsthatareleftbehindcauseoceanstobesaline.

47. Whichisthebestestimateofseafloorspreadingrates?

a. 1-10mm/yr

b. 1-10cm/yr

c. 1-10m/yr

d. 1-10km/yr

48. Whatisevidencethatseafloorspreadingexists?

a. fossils

b. pillow-likerocks

c. pressure

d. mountainranges

49. Theoceanbasinfeaturethatisalong,narrow,steep-sideddepressionintheseafloorformedwhereonecrustalplatessinksbeneathanotheriscalleda

a. ContinentalSlope

b. Trench

c. ContinentalShelf

d. Mid-OceanRidge

50. WhatareBenthos?

a. Oceananimalsthatactivelyswim

b. Marineorganismsthatdriftwiththecurrent

c. Newlyhatchedfishandcrabs

d. Plantsandanimalslivingonorintheseafloor

51. Thedark,superheatedwateratahydrothermalventisover500degreesF,yetitremainsaliquidwhenwaterboilsat212degreesF.Whatcausesthisveryhotwatertoremainintheliquidstate?

a. Thesurroundingdeepoceanwaterpressure.

b. Thecolddeepoceantemperatures.

c. Themineralsdissolvedintheventwater.

52. Wheredomostsurfaceoceancurrentsandwaterwavesgettheirenergy?

a. gravity

b. wind

c. salinitygradients

d. thethermocline

53. Nametwothingsthateffectsurfaceoceancurrents1.temperature2.wind

54. ExplainwhatdensitycurrentsareANDwheretheyoccur.

Colddensesaltywatersinksandlessdense,lesssaltywaterrises.Theyoccuratthepoles.

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55. Highersalinityvaporpressureandevaporationrate.

a. decreases,decreases

b. decreases,increases

c. increases,increases

d. increases,decreases

56. Only3%ofwateronearthis

a. Salty

b. Tapwater

c. Freshwater

57. Whatmathematicalunitisusedtomeasuresalinity?

a. partsperthousand(ppt)

b. partspermillion(ppm)

c. partsperbillion(ppb)

d. noneoftheabove

58. Thesecurrentsareresponsibleforaslowmixingofwaterbetweenthesurfaceanddeeperocean.

a. surfacecurrents

b. deepoceancurrents

c. densitycurrents

d. Californiacurrents

e. globalsurfacecurrents

59. WhichofthefollowingDOESNOTcauseadecreaseinsalinity?

a. evaporation

b. meltingofseaice

c. precipitation

d. runoff

60. About90%ofalltsunamisoccurinthisocean.

a. AtlanticOcean

b. IndianOcean

c. PacificOcean

61. Theworld'slargestoceanisthe

a. AtlanticOcean

b. PacificOcean

c. ArcticOcean

d. TheIndianOcean

62. Theseasarestillrising.Manyresearchersbelievethecauseis

a. globalwarming

b. glaciersgettingbigger

c. theoceanwatergettingmoredense

d. lowertemperaturesonEarth'ssurface

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63. WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTaffectwaveheightindeepwater?

a. wavelength

b. windspeed

c. windduration

d. fetch

64. WhatoceanisChallengerDeeplocatedin?

a. IndianOcean

b. AtlanticOcean

c. PacificOcean

d. ArcticOcean

65. Name3thingsthatarecausingouroceanstobeindanger.

1.

2.

3.

answerswillvary-warmingtemperaturescauseglacierstomeltandoceanwaterstowarm,dumping,overfishing

66. Theoceansurfaceishomeformanyoceanorganismsincludingplankton.

67. Whichofthefollowingoceansissaidtohavethesaltiestwater?

a. PacificOcean

b. AtlanticOcean

c. RedSea

68. WhatistheoceanclosesttoFloridacalled?

a. PacificOcean

b. AtlanticOcean

c. IndianOcean

d. CaspianSea

69. Semi-enclosedareawherethefreshwaterfromarivermeetssaltywaterfromthesea.

a. aquifer

b. ocean

c. estuary

d. wetland

70. Whichisnotanocean?

a. Indian

b. Pacific

c. Superior

d. Atlantic

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72. ThemapshowstheAtlanticOcean.Italsoshowsthecontinentsitborders.

Whichstatementbestdescribescontinentsandoceans?

a. allcontinentsaresurroundedbyoceans

b. somecontinentsaresurroundedbyoceans

c. continentsarenotsurroundedbyoceans

71. Whichofthefollowingfactorswouldmostinfluencetheshoreimpactofatsunami?

a. tideheight

b. theseason

c. airtemperature

d. watertemperature

73. Astheoceanfloormovesawayfromthemidoceanridge

a. theclimatechanges

b. lavaflowsoutoftheriftandhardenstoformnewoceanfloor

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74. Thedeepestpartoftheoceanisthe.

a. abyss

b. aphoticzone

c. disphoticzone

d. photiczone

75. Whatoceanisthemostshallowandthecoldest?

TheArcticOcean.

76. Namethefiveoceans.

TheAtlantic,ThePacific,TheArctic,TheSouthern(Antarctic),andTheIndian.

77. Theoceanisdividedintothreebasicareas1.continentalmargins2.deepoceanbasins3.oceanridges

78. Whatisthemovementofcold,deepoceanwatertotheocean'ssurface?

a. deepoceancurrent

b. ElNino

c. Corioliseffect

d. upwelling

79. Whatistheoceanicridge?

a. thebottomoftheoceanwherelittlelightpenetratesthereforethereisverylittlelife

b. thecontinuousrangeofmountainsontheoceanfloorthatwindsaroundtheEarth

c. asectionoftheoceanfloorthatrisestoconnectopenoceanfloortocontinentalshelf

d. mountainrangesfromeachoceanconnectingtoformagiganticmountainsystem

80. Thisisa1to2kilometerdeep,severalkilometerswide,landfromwhichsplitsmanysegmentsoftheoceanic-ridgecrust

a. continentalshelf

b. mid-oceanicridge

c. oceaniccrust

d. riftvalley

81. isthestudyofearth'soceans.

a. Hydrology

b. Topography

c. Psychology

d. Oceanography

82. Thedeepestpartoftheoceanis:

a. MountEverest

b. MarianasTrench

c. MarianasFault

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83. Oceancurrentsdrive

a. waterpatterns

b. weatherpatterns

c. mountainrains

d. air

84. Wherearetheoceanslocated?

a. ontopoftheoceanicplates

b. ontopofthecontinentalplates

c. inholesinthecrust

d. noneoftheabove

85. Underseamountainrangesinthemiddleofoceanfloorsareknownas.

a. Deep-oceantrenches

b. Sea-floorspreading

c. Mid-oceanridges

86. Describeatsunami.

Aseriesoflargeoceanwavesgeneratedfromanocean-floorearthquake.

87. Theprocessthatmovessandalongashoreis

a. upwelling

b. longshoredrift

c. abrasion

d. densitycurrent

88. Whyistheoceanacarbonsink?

Theoceanstorescarbonforlongperiodsoftimeandkeepsitoutoftheatmosphere.

89. Coastislandnexttotheocean.

90. Thediagramshowswaterflowinameanderingriverchannel.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainswhywaterflowsintheriverchannel?

a. gravitationalforce

b. energyfromthesun

c. differencesinwatersalinity

d. energyfromtheEarth’sinterior

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91. Describethetopographyoftheoceanfloor.

Abyssalplains-large,flatareas;seamounts-volcanicmountainsguyots--flat-toppedseamounts;trenches-long,narrowcrevices;midoceanridges-mountainranges;reefs-massesandridgesoflimestonerocksbuiltbyorganisms.

92. MostoftheEarth'sfreshwaterisfoundin.

a. ice

b. aquifers

c. oceans

d. lakes

93. Theheightoftheocean'ssurfaceiscalledthe.

a. climate

b. sealevel

c. heatwave

94. Gentle,rollingwaveswhichappearintheoceanevenduringcalmweatherareknownas.

a. currents

b. surf

c. tidalwaves

d. swells

95. TheoceanscoveroftheEarth'ssurface.

70%

96. Whatisamid-oceanridge?

(Answersmayvary)Longchainsofmountainsontheoceanfloor.

97. Thenameofthemostcommonsaltintheoceanis:

a. oxygen

b. sodiumchloride

c. hydrogen

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