reto gieré department of earth & environmental science ...€¦ · strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |...
TRANSCRIPT
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Reto Gieré Department of Earth & Environmental Science
& the BIOCOMBUST Team (DE, FR, CH)
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
COLLABORATORS
Freiburg, 26.11.2014
Environmental Medicine and Pharmacology
A.T. Arif, R. Dornhof, R. Gminski, S. Heilemann, K. Hesselbach, M. Humar, I. Merfort, V. Mersch-Sundermann, D.P. Minh, I. Nazarenko
Combustion Engineering
P. Garra, D. Kehrli, S. Kohler, C. Schoennenbeck, G. Trouvé,
Atmospheric Chemistry, Meteorology and Modeling
V. Dietze, F. Drewnick, F. Freutel, U. Kaminski, C. Pallares, Z. Tian
Cement Chemistry, Mineralogy and Microscopy
A. Dieterlen, R. Gieré, P. Kruspan, C. Maschowski
Project Management and Outreach
P. Bry, A. Henckel, S. Noz, C. Pallares, S. Richter,
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
PARTNER
www.biocombust.eu
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Jan–Dec 2005 earthobservatory.nasa.gov
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Freiburg, 26.11.2014
December 4, 2001 Visible Earth (NASA)
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Freiburg, 26.11.2014
June 23, 2013 REUTERS
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Volker Dietze (DWD)
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
kt
Freiburg, 26.11.2014
Data from UBA (2012)
PM2.5 from road traffic
PM2.5 from biomass combustion
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Biomass Characterization
Freiburg, 26.11.2014
FUEL CHARACTERIZATION
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2
glucose cellulose
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
O
C
N
Mg
Chlorophyll
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Miscanthus
Wheat Arundo
Rice
Sugarcane
Poacea Family
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
10 µm delta-intkey.com/angio
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Inorganic Components
Freiburg Seminar, 20.11.2014
Freiburg, 26.11.2014
Wood Miscanthus Calcite Silica
Geochemie
Silica Calcium Carbonate
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
0.01
0.1
1
10
Ca Mg Na K Fe Si
Conc
entr
atio
n (g
/kg)
DIN+ Wood Pellets
Miscanthus Pellets
Biomass Composition
Geochemie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Combustion
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
supernature-forum.de
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Strasbourg, 23.4.2015
REUTERS
Strasbourg, 23.4.2015
Activity concentration 137Cs
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5
137-
Cs (
Bq/k
g)
Fuel
Bottom Ash
Fly Ash
Rixheim Vauban Vauban Freiburg Mulhouse
Geochemie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
5 µm
Fly Ash Particles
Geochemie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
DGI Impactor
Particle Sampling
Freiburg Seminar, 20.11.2014
20 µm
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
MoLa
Air Quality Measurements
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Air Quality Measurements
Physical particle properties (number and mass con-centration, size distribution)
Chemical composition of PM1 (sulfate, nitrate, organics, soot, PAH)
Trace gases (CO, CO2, NOx, SO2, O3)
Meteorology, GPS position
Freiburg Seminar, 20.11.2014
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Air Quality Measurements
Freiburg Seminar, 20.11.2014
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
2.5-10 µm <2.5 µm
Mini-Volume Sampler
Passive Sampler
Ambient Particle Sampling
Partikellabor
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Single-Particle Characterization
Partikellabor
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Single-Particle Characterization
40 µm
Partikellabor
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
HG-01 cw47 20 µm
KCl and NaCl
Geochemie Partikellabor
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Fluorescence Microscopy
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Phase Identification
Geochemie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
BIOC_SPWF_11_20K.raw_1
2Th Degrees60585654525048464442403836343230282624222018161412108642
Sqr
t(C
ount
s)
15
1413
12
1110
98
76
54
32
1
0-1
-2-3
-4-5
-6-7
-8
-9-10
-11-12
-13
degrees 2θ
XRD - Rietveld
Phase Identification
Geochemie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
lpt-
phar
m.t
ox.d
e
iivs.org
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Zurich, July 1, 2015
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
BEAS-2B (2D cell culture)
2D vs. 3D Lung Cell Models
50 µm
Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
FBEC spheroid (3D cell culture)
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Submersed Lung Cell Exposure
Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
NP
Contro
l
Lung Cell Viability Vi
abili
ty (
% r
elat
ive
to c
ontr
ol)
Diesel emission particles (24 h)
Concentration: µg/cm2
µg/mL
Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Lung Cell Viability
Beech wood combustion particles (24 h)
NP Viab
ility
(%
rel
ativ
e to
con
trol
)
Concentration: µg/cm2
µg/mL
Contro
l
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
NP NP
Contro
l
Lung Cell Viability
Miscanthus combustion particles (24 h)
Concentration: µg/cm2
µg/mL
Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Viab
ility
(%
rel
ativ
e to
con
trol
)
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
DNA Damage
Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Concentration: µg/cm2
µg/mL
Frac
tion
ds-
DN
A (%
)
Control
DNA Damage
Beech wood combustion particles (24 h)
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Stress-induced Reactions
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Cellular stress
MKKs p38
Nrf-
2
NF-κB
anti-oxidative reaction
Inflammatory reactions
Gene activation ROS
pro-inflammatory mediators
Cancer
JNK
persistent
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
O2-
H2O2
OH
Oxidative Stress
Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Pharmazeutische Biologie
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Air-Liquid Exposure
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Air-Liquid Exposure
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 | Umweltmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene
Air-Liquid Exposure
Concentration (µg/cm2)
Viab
ility
(%
rel
ativ
e to
con
trol
)
Control
Spruce chip combustion particles (24 h)
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
Particle Uptake
Strasbourg | 7/3/2015 |
CONCLUSIONS
Freiburg, 26.11.2014
Effects dependent on type of biomass used
Dose-dependent effects strongest for beech
wood
Particle size influences genotoxic effects
No significant NF-κB activation
No significant ROS formation observed
Long-term effects remain to be tested
Zurich, July 1, 2015 www.biocombust.eu