Respiratory System

Discover ActivityPage 112

Respiratory System Gases What do you already know about the

Function of Respiratory System? What gases are exchanged by the

respiratory system? What do you think happens in the

body when a person holds his or her breath?

Respiratory System Function Respiration

to obtain and use oxygen to get rid of carbon

dioxide and water

Respiratory System 2 parts

Breathing moving air in

and out Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + O2

CO2 + H2O + ATP Glucose and oxygen makes

carbon dioxide, water and energy Happens in the Mitochondria of

the Cell

Working Together Respiratory system,

Digestive system and Circulatory system

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How Lungs Work.

Air Flow through the System

Process of Breathing Inhalation

Lung volume increases Diaphragm contracts/flattens Ribcage moves up and out Air flows in

Process of Breathing Exhalation

Lung volume decreases Diaphragm relaxes/moves upward Ribcage back to normal position Air flows out

Breathing and Speaking Larynx

Voice box Located at top of trachea

Vocal cords Air rushes through opening Vibration creates sound

Smoking and Your Health

Three major chemicals Tar Carbon Monoxide Nicotine

addictive chemical

Three major chemicals Tar

Dark sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns

Makes cilia clump together so they can’t prevent harmful material from getting to lungs

Three major chemicals Carbon Monoxide

Colorless, odorless gas Binds to hemoglobin in

RBC’s and takes the place of oxygen so body can’t get enough oxygen

Three major chemicals Nicotine

Addictive chemical Increases heart beat and blood

pressure Increases activities of the

Nervous system

Effects of Nicotine on the Body

Four Respiratory Problems Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema Lung Cancer Atherosclerosis

Emphysema Caused by

chemicals in Tobacco smoke

Affects on Blood Vessels Chemicals in blood are

absorbed by vessels Walls get irritated Irritation contributes to

atherosclerosis

Passive Smoking Inhaling side-stream smoke Side-stream Smoke

smoke that enters the environment from burning tobacco

Mainstream smoke smoke that is inhaled

directly into the mouth through a cigarette, pipe, or cigar

Smokeless Tobacco Chewing Tobacco

Cancer of the mouth (tongue, cheek, gums)

Cancer of the throat

Why do people start Peer Influence Parent Example Advertising Others?

Four reasons not to start Dangerous (unhealthy) Expensive Unpleasant odor Unattractive

Case Study #2You are at the mall and are offered free cigarettes. Your friends want to try them. Use the 5 C’s to make a choice about whether you will join them or abstain.

Breathing Emergencies Help someone who is

Choking or do

Rescue Breathing

Help someone who is Choking Place thumb side of fist against

middle of abdomen just above navel. Grasp fist with other hand. Give quick, upward, thrusts. Repeat until object is coughed up or

person becomes unconscious.

Rescue Breathing

If air won’t go in?

Excretory System

Function Collects waste produced by

cells Removes the wastes from the

body Excretion

2 Wastes Water Urea

A chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins

Kidneys Filter blood Ureters Bladder Urethra

Nephrons Tiny filtering factories that

remove wastes form blood and produce urine

Stages of Urine Formation Wastes and needed materials are

filtered out of blood Most of needed materials are

returned to blood Wastes are eliminated from the

body

Chemical Analysis Useful? Can detect medical problems

Diabetes = glucose present Improper kidney function=

protein present

Homeostasis Water More sweat, less drinking Less volume of urine

Other organs that help Lungs Skin Liver

Liver function Breaks down waste so it can

be excreted Produces urea by breaking

down proteins Recycling facility