respiratory good slides
TRANSCRIPT
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Respiratory Physiology Powerpointwith Quiz questions and
FEEDBACK
by Dr. Patricia MansfieldWritten Fall, 2006Revised Fall, 2007
All figures from Silverthorns Human Physiology
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Figure 18-1 - Overview
GENERAL
OVERVIEW OF
TOPICSCONSIDERED INCHAPTER 18
BUZZWORDS:EXCHANGE AND
TRANSPORT
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Question #1-#4
List the 4 rules
for diffusion ofgasses in anyorder.
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Question #1-#4
List the 4 rules
for diffusion ofgasses in anyorder.
Surface area
Thickness
Concentration
Distance
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Table 5-1
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Figure 18-4a
UNDERSTANDING DIFFUSION CAN HELPYOU IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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Figure 18-4e
What effect does increased airwayresistance have on the concentrationgradient for diffusion?
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Question #5.
The more soluble a
gas is in a particularliquid, the (HIGHEROR LOWER) thepartial pressure
required to force thegas into solution.
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Question #5.
The more soluble a
gas is in a particularliquid, the (HIGHEROR LOWER) thepartial pressure
required to force thegas into solution.
LOWER
Solubilities or Bunsens solubility
coefficients for gasses in body-warmblood. Ignore units at standardmeasurement conditions.
Carbon dioxide:0.52
Carbon monoxide:0.018
Nitrogen: 0.012 (Water: 0.013; Fat: 0.065)
Oxygen:0.022
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Figure 18-2cd
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Question #6-7.
Which two cell
layers mustgases cross togo from thealveoli to the
plasma? (anyorder)
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Question #6-7.
Which two cell
layers mustgases cross togo from thealveoli to the
plasma? (anyorder)
Alveolar
epithelium Capillary
endothelium akacapillary simplesquamousepithelium
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Figure 18-5
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Question #8.
In some cases of
pulmonary edema,arterial PO2 is lowbut arterial PCO2 isnormal. What
difference betweenthe two gasesexplains this clinicalphenomenon?
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Question #8.
In some cases of
pulmonary edema,arterial PO2 is lowbut arterial PCO2 isnormal. What
difference betweenthe two gasesexplains this clinicalphenomenon?
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Solubilities or Bunsens solubility coefficients forgasses in body-warm blood. Ignore units at
standard measurement conditions.
Carbon dioxide:0.52
Carbon monoxide:0.018
Nitrogen: 0.012 (Water: 0.013; Fat: 0.065)
Oxygen:0.022
Note: Learn the principle. Dont memorize the table.
Answer to Question #8. Solubility
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Question #9.
What is the
name forhemoglobinbound to
oxygen?
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Question #9.
What is the
name forhemoglobinbound to
oxygen?
Oxyhemoglobin
Hb.O2
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Figure 18-6
Buzz Words:
1.LoadingReaction
2. Unloading
Reaction
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Question #10.
What determines
the number ofbinding sites foroxygen?
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Question #10.
What determines
the number ofbinding sites foroxygen?
Number of
hemoglobinmolecules
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Figure 18-7 - Overview
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Question #11.
About 70% of
what element isfound in thecenter of the
heme group ofhemoglobin?
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Question #11.
About 70% of
what element isfound in thecenter of the
heme group ofhemoglobin?
Iron
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Figure 18-8 - Overview
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Question #12.
What is the name of
the graph thatindicates therelationshipbetween PO2 levels
and how muchoxygen binds tohemoglobin?
Oxyhemoglobin
dissociation curve
Normal PO2 valuesin situ
Loading
reaction
Unloading
reaction
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Figure 18-9
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Question #13-15.
Which three
factors affect theability ofhemoglobin to
bind to oxygen?(any order)
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Question #13-15.
Which three
factors affect theability ofhemoglobin to
bind to oxygen?(any order)
Temperature
pH Metabolite
specifically
2,3-DPG
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Figure 18-10b
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Figure 18-11
Effects of 2,3-DPG.
2,3-diphosphoglycerate,or 2,3-DPG, is an
organophosphatecreated in
erythrocytes duringglycolysis.
2,3-DPG binds todeoxyhemoglobin butnot the oxygenatedform, thereforediminishing the oxygen
affinity for hemoglobin.This reaction enableshemoglobin to unloadoxygen at the tissues.
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Figure 18-10a
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Figure 18-3b
Normal Pco2
values in situ
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Interactive Dissociation Tool at
http://www.ventworld.com/resources/oxydisso/oxydisso.html
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Figure 18-10c
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Table 18-1
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Figure 18-13
HALDANEEFFECT ATTHE LUNGS
BOHR EFFECTAT THETISSUES
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Figure 18-15
Transport of
Oxygen vs.Transport of
Carbon Dioxide
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Figure 18-14
ChlorideShift atthe
Tissues
ReverseChloride
Shift attheLungs
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Figure 18-16
REGULATION OF RESPIRATION
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Figure 18-17
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Figure 18-18
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Figure 18-19
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Figure 18-20