Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Energy

• All living things need energy.

• Energy comes in many forms such as light, heat, electricity, nourishment, etc.

Photosynthesis

• Plants get their energy from the sun

• Purpose of photosynthesis:1. Convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose (sugar).

• 2. Energy is stored in glucose.

Photosynthesis

Reactants Products

Carbon Dioxide Sugar

Water Oxygen

Photosynthesis happens in chloroplasts!

Autotrophs

Leaves

Cells

Chloroplasts

Chlorophyll

• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll

• Chlorophyll- green pigment that absorbs most light but reflects green light.

AbsorbedReflected

Factors affecting Photosynthesis• Availability of Reactants

-Must have light and CO2 to complete

• Amount of CO2 -As CO2 increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases

• Intensity of Light -The more intense the light, the faster the photosynthesis can occur

• Color of Light• Temperature• pH

Cellular Respiration

• Heterotrophs get energy from glucose stored in food

• Purpose of Cellular Respiration:1. Make ATP2. Release chemical energy from glucose and convert it into ATP

ATP= Usable Energy

• ATP -> Adenosine Triphosphate

-Energy is released when bonds are broken

-This energy can be used for cell processes

Cellular Respiration

-Occurs in the mitochondria

-Plant and Animal Cells

Cellular RespirationReactants Products

Glucose Carbon Dioxide

Oxygen Water

ATP

Two Types of Cellular Respiration

Aerobic Respiration

• With Oxygen

• Produces 36 ATP molecules

Anaerobic Respiration

• Without Oxygen

• Produces 2 ATP molecules

• Anaerobic respiration is also called fermentation. This occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Factors Affecting Cellular Respiration

• Temperature• pH

• ATP is necessary for life, so cells have a Plan B when none is available. -When there is no glucose the cell will break down fats and proteins

-When there is no oxygen the cell goes through fermentation