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Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi KauffmannResident presenter William NealonFaculty presenter

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Page 1: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09Rondi Kauffmann‐Resident presenter

William Nealon‐

Faculty presenter

Page 2: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

KC59 year old male Referred to Surgery clinic for incidentally‐discovered 5cm x 3cm pancreatic cyst

Page 3: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

HPI: ‐Pancreatic cyst incidentally discovered‐

Denies nausea, emesis or abdominal pain‐No weight loss, fever, chills‐

No jaundice, normal bowel movements‐

No history of pancreatitis

ROS: negative

Page 4: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

PMHHtnPulmonary noduleDyslipidemiaHeart murmurDiverticulosis

PSHTonsillectomyvasectomy

FHLung cancer‐

fatherHtn‐mother, sister, brother

MedsBenicarVitamin BZocorOmeprazoleAspirin

SHMarriedRetiredSmoked 1.5 ppd

X 15‐20 years, quit 

1993

Heavy etoh

drinker 15 years ago, 

but now only drinks 6 pack 

every other week

Page 5: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Physical ExamP: 76   BP: 176/92   RR: 18 bpm  Temp: 98.1General: A&O, no jaundice, no lymphadenopathyAbdomen: soft, nontender, no masses,normal rectal exam

Page 6: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Labs138    103   84.4    27   0.8

7.5             29342

LDL 150Cholesterol 208Triglycerides 132HDL 32

Total protein 7.5Albumin 4.4Total bilirubin 0.7Alk phos 67ALT 37AST 35Amylase 13Lipase 19

Ca19‐9 108

Page 7: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 8: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 9: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 10: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 11: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

EUS with biopsyBody with normal echotexturePancreatic duct measures 1.1 mm in diameterLarge, well‐circumscribed, anechoic lesion measuring 2.5 cm x 4.7 cm arising from body

No septationsNormal pancreatic duct without stricture or stone 

Page 12: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

FNAPathology: mixed lymphoid population, granular debris, negative for malignancyCEA: 674.9Cyst fluid amylase <10

Page 13: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

TreatmentCentral pancreatectomy, omental pedicle flap, serosalpatchFinal pathology: pancreatic lymphoepithelial cyst, negative for malignancy

Page 14: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

RR63 year old maleReferred to Surgery clinic with “abdominal fullness”and pain

Page 15: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

HPI:3 months duration of symptomsWeight loss of 32 lbs. in 10 weeksNo fever, chills, nausea, melena, steatorrhea, jaundice

ROS‐ negative except for HPI

Page 16: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

PMHType 2 diabetesThyroid cystHypertriglyceridemia

PSHTonsillectomy/adenoidectomyCystoscopyEGD/colonoscopy 2008

FHType 2 diabetes‐

father

MedsProtonixCaptoprilSynthroidCrestorTylenolNaproxenMVIEchinaceaGarlicLantusHumalog

Page 17: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Physical ExamP: 120   BP 154/95   RR 18 bpm   temp 98.1General: A&O, no jaundice, no wastingAbdomen: soft, mild tenderness, no masses

Page 18: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Labs

133     97   12353

3.6    16   1.34

Total protein 7.1Albumin 4.3Total bilirubin 1.8Alk phos 120ALT 20AST 20

CEA 458.5Ca 19‐9 29, 245

Page 19: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 20: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 21: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 22: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

EUS with FNA and cyst aspirationLarge loculated cystic lesion arising from neck of pancreas

Contained septations2.5 x 3.0 cm 

Difficulty passing the scope into duodenum

Page 23: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

CytopathologyCyst FNA: Degenerated cells with amorphous debris, not diagnostic of malignancy

No mucinCyst amylase 1209Cyst CEA >50,000

Pancreas neck FNA: adenocarcinomaDuodenal bulb biopsy: involved by moderate to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma

Page 24: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

PETIntense uptake corresponding to masses in right colon and pancreasThree low‐density lesions within the liverMultiple mesenteric lymph nodes with moderate FDG uptakeMild‐to‐moderate uptake in left supraclavicular lymph nodes

Page 25: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

A 40 year old man with no co‐morbidities presents with diffuse abdominal pain and 

distention and a 2‐day history of nausea and vomiting. He is afebrile and hemodynamically 

normal, but is anuric and serum creatinine is 3.0 mg/dL.  A CT scan confirms necrotizing 

pancreatitis with a large peripancreatic phlegmon. There is no evidence of cholelithiasis or 

cholecystitis. He has had no prior episodes of pancreatitis. The

next step in management 

should be

A.

Total parenteral nutrition  (TPN)

B.

Bowel rest, fluid  resuscitation

C.

Surgical pancreatic  debridement

D.

Fine‐needle aspiration of  peripancreatic fluid

E.

Prophylactic antifungal  agents

Page 26: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

A 39 year old woman is admitted with gallstone pancreatitis and epigastric pain. Pertinent 

data include amylase, 2000 U/L; bilirubin, 1.2 mg/dL; and WBC count 15,000.  After 2 days of 

medical management, her epigastric pain resolves. Her amylase is

340 U/L and her bilirubin 

and WBC count have normalized. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be attempted 

A.

After ERCP and  sphincterotomy

B.

Prior to dischargeC.

Once her amylase is 

normalD.

4‐6 weeks later to allow 

for a “cooling down  period”

E.

Only if the patient  develops recurrent  pancreatitis

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Page 28: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 29: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

A 35 year old male is admitted with acute pancreatitis secondary

to hypertriglyceridemia. Oral 

intake is discontinued, and he is hydrated with IV fluids. He has minimal upper abdominal 

tenderness. 72 hours after admission, he has worsening leukocytosis and elevated amylase 

with RUQ rebound tenderness. The CT scan shown is obtained. The most appropriate 

management would be

A.

LaparotomyB.

Nasogastric tube 

decompression and  broad‐spectrum 

antibioticsC.

Somatostatin therapy

D.

Repeat CT scan in 48 to  72 hours

E.

Percutaneous drainage. 

Page 30: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 31: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

A 35 year old male has epigastric pain and emesis. Four week previously, he was discharged 

after an admission for uncomplicated acute pancreatitis. He has been receiving corticosteroids 

since a renal transplant 4 years ago. Pertinent data include: WBC 11,000; amylase 1000; and 

normal creatinine. The CT scan shown is obtained. The most appropriate management is

A.

Open debridementB.

Cystgastrostomy

C.

Roux‐en‐Y  cystjejunostomy

D.

Enteral feeding distal to  the ligament of Treitz

E.

CT guided percutanous drainage

Page 32: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

PseudocystsDevelop in 5‐10% of patients with acute pancreatitis and 50% of patients with chronic pancreatitisSuspect if patient does not recover with one week of medical therapy, or when symptoms return after period of improvement

Page 33: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

PseudocystsAcute fluid collection

Irregular in shapeFrequently resolveDebridement reserved for 

necrotizing pancreatitis  with infection or abscess

Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant 

management

PseudocystRequire 6‐12 weeks to 

matureCaused by disruption of 

pancreatic ductUsually seen in setting of 

chronic pancreatitisMay cause obstruction of 

gastric outlet or biliary  tree

Page 34: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Complications of PseudocystsObstructionInfectionPainHemosuccus pancreaticus

Page 35: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Treatment of PseudocystsOpenLaparoscopicEndoscopic

Page 36: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst
Page 37: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

A 42 year old previously healthy man arrives in the Emergency Department with a 12‐

hour history of excruciating epigastric pain. He is afebrile and

not jaundiced. Pulse is 

115/min, blood pressure 90/60, and WBC count is 16,400. The CT scan show is obtained. 

Immediate management should include

A.

Peritoneal dialysisB.

Exploratory laparotomy

C.

Needle aspirationD.

Fluid resuscitation

E.

ERCP

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Page 39: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Four weeks later, the patient returns to the Emergency 

Department with abdominal fullness. Vital signs are normal. The 

CT scan show is obtained. Treatment now should be

A.

ERCPB.

Surgical decompression

C.

Percutaneous aspirationD.

14‐day course of 

antibioticsE.

Repeat CT scan in 30 

days

Page 40: Resident Teaching Conference 10/16/09 Rondi Kauffmann ... · necrotizing pancreatitis with infection or abscess. Follow with serial CT Treatment: expectant management. Pseudocyst

Treatment of pseudocystsMUST send biopsy of cyst wall to exclude malignancy