reservoir characterisation - tracerco reservoir technologies 2 as the demand for hydrocarbons...

Reservoir CharacterisationOver 25 years of experience.

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A world leading technology company, Tracerco

has used its scientific expertise for over 25 years

in support of the oil and gas industry, providing

unique and specialised detection, diagnostic and

measurement solutions.

With facilities, knowledge and expertise located

around the world, Tracerco provides its international

customers with a first class service expected from an

industry leader. Tracerco offers a portfolio of reservoir

characterisation services based on advanced tracer

technologies and sophisticated analytical techniques.

Using our extensive multi-disciplined Research and

Development team, that forms an integral part of

the Tracerco business, and Tracerco’s expertise in

field deployment an extensive range of chemical

tracing methods for reservoir and near wellbore flow

characterisation is available.

TracercoWhy Tracerco?:: Over 25 years of expertise

:: Operational capabilities globally

:: Significant investment in Research and Development

TRACERCO RESERVOIR CHARACTERISATION

Tracerco Reservoir Technologies

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As the demand for hydrocarbons continues to grow,

oilfield professionals are continuously faced with the

challenge of discovering, developing and maximising

hydrocarbon reserves from more inhospitable locations

and complex geological structures.

Knowledge of subsurface fluid flow provides valuable

information to a reservoir field development team

during hydrocarbon recovery. This information can

be used to ensure effective reservoir displacement

to maximise hydrocarbon extraction efficiency.

Knowledge of what’s at the bottom keeps you on top.

More information means maximum efficiency

to meet the needs of our customers, Tracerco has

developed a range of specialist tracer technologies

that can be applied to enhance information on oil,

water and gas flows in reservoirs. The techniques are

applied in many development stages from drilling wells,

field development and in late field life to monitor the

effectiveness of tertiary recovery operations.


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TRACERCO™ Smartsleeve Technology

Tracerco near wellbore tracer techniques provide our

customers with a reliable method of monitoring the

progress and effectiveness during a range of down-hole

operations including:

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Near Wellbore

:: Coring-Fluid Invasion Measurement

:: Hydraulic Fracture and Acid Stimulation In-flow

Assessment

:: Perforation Positional Flow Measurement

Gain better insight

into original

fluid saturations.

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When drilling

wells it is critical

that reservoir

fluid properties

are accurately

measured. Any

interference due

to invasion of oil or water based drilling fluids during

drilling activities must be discounted during formation

fluid analysis. The Tracerco Core Invasion Measurement

technique is used to determine the level of drilling fluid

invasion into formation samples. Prior to the start of

drilling operations through a zone of interest, a specialist

oil or water compatible chemical tracer is added to

the mud system providing a constant concentration of

tracer throughout the drilling mud system.

For Core Invasion Measurement, as drilling progresses,

a series of mud samples are taken at specific drilling

depths. Interpretation of the mud sample and core fluid

tracer concentration analysis provides:

In addition, contamination of bottom hole samples can

be measured using the same technique.

Time

Con

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ratio

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Time

Con

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Core Depth

Con

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% Sample contamination

:: A tracer/drilling mud concentration ratio at

vertical depths

:: Extracted core tracer/drilling mud concentration

at specific vertical depths

:: Percentage of drilling mud core invasion,

calculated from ratio analysis

Core Invasion Measurement

“ Use Tracerco to more accurately measure in-situ

fluid saturation, formation brine salinity and original

water saturation”

Photo: Harald Pettersen – Statoil.

Following multi-stage hydraulic fracturing or acid

stimulation of a well, it is valuable to gain a better

understanding of the overall production contribution

from each treatment stage. Historically, there has not

been any technology to verify positional fluid in-flow

other than the use of intrusive production logging tools.

In many extended reach wells, the use of a production

logging technique has been relatively inaccurate and

can be expensive.

Hydraulic Frac and Acid Stimulation In-Flow Assessment

A more cost effective and

accurate technique for

verification of fluid in-flow.

“ Gain information on overall production contribution

from each stage of a stimulation program using

Frac and Acid Stimulation tracers.”

Working with its customers Tracerco has developed

a technology to provide fluid in-flow information after

stimulation that has proven to be very beneficial,

especially in extended reach horizontal wells that are

challenging for conventional well logging.

Interpretation of the data in conjunction with overall well

production information enables:

:: A comparison to be made of relative

hydrocarbon flow from each stage

:: Highlight areas of high, low and zero flow

(somewhat similar to a production log)

:: Confirm flow through downhole tools such as

bridge plugs


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Tracers are displaced deep into the formation.

Tracers contact reservoir oil and gas and partition into the hydrocarbon.

Tracerco applies oil or gas compatible tracers at the leading edge of each stage.

Presence of tracers confirms production from each stage.

Samples analysed to determine tracer presence and quantity.

Samples are taken at the surface during well clean up and first production.

“ Tracerco’s Perforating Tracer technology provides a

proven technology to assess perforated zone backflow

confirmation for cemented liner completions.”

Perforating Tracers

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This allows confirmation that each zone is contributing

to overall production from the well. Information can be

used to enhance the data set of the production well test.

Benefits of the perforation tracers:

:: No additional rig time/rig space

:: Low cost

:: Chemical tracer materials used

:: None intrusive confirmation of

zonal flow


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Unique tracers are located at specific perforation locations in the wellbore.

During the detonation process, tracer material is forced into the formation where it bonds to the perforation tunnel walls.

Sampling production fluids during back flow of the well during clean up and first oil allows a flow profile of each tracer to be established and verifies flow from specific zones.

Specialist chemical tracers are secured to a number of scallops of the perforating guns before they are run in-hole.


Water/Oil In-flow Measurement

Reduce routine well

intervention activities and

associated costs.

“ Determine the location of water and oil in-flow

with zero well intervention using low cost, zero

risk Tracerco technology as part of long term

reservoir monitoring.”

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Flow ProfilingTracerco Flow Profiling technologies provide a reliable

and cost effective method that can be applied with:

:: No additional rig time

:: No changes to well completion design

:: No changes to well stimulation operations

:: Zero safety risk

The measurement of produced water and oil fluid in-flow

characteristics in extended reach or multi-lateral wells

during clean up and long-term production is essential.

It allows a better understanding of reservoir sweep and

assists in diagnosing well inflow performance problems

prior to well remediation operations.

The ability to collect in-flow profile data at first oil as well

as mid-field life without the need for well intervention

enables our customers to significantly reduce routine

well intervention activities and associated costs especially

when using subsea wells during a field development.


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Customer cost efficiency is maximised by:

:: Tracer material optimisation

:: Extremely low limits of detection (ppb and ppt)

:: Tracer design and application

Prior to running a completion string, a number of unique

chemical tracer materials are incorporated as part of the

completion design. Tracers selected are designed to be

oil or water soluble. Their chemical and physical design

is customised for a specific project allowing them to be

released quickly providing an indication of oil or water

in-flow contribution during first clean-up of a well,

or very slowly allowing water or oil fluid in-flow to be

determined over a significant period of time. A number

of unique tracers can be added not only to an individual

wellbore but can be spread across a number of wells

or multi-lateral wellbores. This is particularly important

in the identification of the source of oil and water

production from individual wellbore positions.

Sampling is carried out during well clean up and first

production if using a relatively short release tracer

design or routinely alongside other sampling activities

if extended release tracers have been applied.

The presence of a specific tracer and its concentration

in production fluids allows a fluid in-flow profile to be

generated at a given point in time.


Interwell

Optimise ongoing field

design and maximise

hydrocarbon recovery.

“ Enhance your understanding of reservoir

connectivity by adding a Tracerco Interwell Tracer

Study to your reservoir surveillance tool kit.”

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Tracerco has developed a range of specialist tracer

technologies that allow measurement of interwell

flow of injected water, gas and enhanced oil

recovery chemicals. The technology is commonly

applied in new field developments that use

waterflooding or gas injection as part of their initial

recovery mechanism, as well as more mature

reservoirs where enhanced recovery programs are

used to extract incremental oil remaining within the

field. A Tracerco Interwell Tracer Study is typically

used alongside other reservoir surveillance tools

to refine or validate computer flow simulators

to optimise ongoing field design and ultimately

maximise hydrocarbon recovery.

Our technology provides measurement of water, gas

or steam flow from each injector to production wells

allowing the determination of:

:: First injection water or gas breakthrough

:: Reservoir interlayer connectivity

:: Detection of fault block communication

:: The presence of high flow permeable channels

:: Measurement of flood wide reservoir preferential

flow trends


Accurate measurement

of SOR within a mature

reservoir using Tracerco

chemical tracer technology.

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Alongside dynamic flow information, the use of

specialist tracers allows additional information to be

gained concerning the effectiveness of enhanced oil

recovery applications such as:

:: High permeable channel blocking

:: Release of immobile residual oil in-flow paths

between wells

For cases of channel blocking, tracer can be

used to determine sweep extent and timing

prior to the blocking chemical addition and then

repeated afterwards. Data generated alongside the

measurement of incremental oil production can be

used to validate its effectiveness.

For mature reservoirs, tracers can be used to

benchmark residual oil saturation levels prior to a

tertiary recovery treatment. Subsequent measurement

of changes to residual oil within the formation allows

the effectiveness of a treatment to be determined.


Reservoir tracer analytical support

Onsite or offsite,

specialist tracer

laboratories.

“ Specialist tracer analysis provided through

local service provision.”

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Our global team of experienced production chemists

allows us to offer both onsite and offsite monitoring.

If using one of our fully equipped mobile laboratories

we are able to offer immediate results at the well site.

We also have a number of fixed laboratories containing

more sophisticated analytical equipment that can be

used if enhanced analytical sensitivity is required or

sample logistics is not an issue.

Tracerco laboratories are strategically located around

the world backed by a dedicated multi-discipline team

at our headquarters. This enables us to offer a full range

of standard and customised analytical and diagnostic

techniques to meet your specific requirements.


Tracerco laboratories

provide you with a full

range of analytical and

diagnostic services.

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Through extensive training of specialist staff around

the world, we offer local project design, tracer material

handling, in-country support, regional analytical

capability and tracer data interpretation.

Our global experience in reservoir tracing projects,

combined with cutting edge chemical tracer

technology and modern facilities, place Tracerco at

the forefront of reservoir tracer application.


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Billingham, UK Tel +44 (0) 1642 375500

Aberdeen, UK Tel +44 (0) 1224 650650

Alblasserdam, The Netherlands Tel +31 (0) 78 890 7640

Villefontaine, France Tel +33 (0) 4 74 94 79 88

Milan, Italy Tel +39 02 90989971

Bergen, Norway Tel +47 55 36 55 40

Brussels, Belgium Tel +32 (0) 2 465 85 20

Oldenburg, Germany Tel +49 (0) 441 36 11 09 0

Baku, Azerbaijan Tel +994 (0) 12 5141619

Abu Dhabi, UAE Tel +971 (0) 2 5541672

Muscat, Oman Tel +968 9270 7498

Singapore Tel +65 6336 3377

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Tel +603 7803 4622

Maharashtra, India Tel +91 22 27401427/428 Extn: 321

Huaypong Muang Rayong, Thailand Tel +66 (0) 38 691 5357

Jakarta, Indonesia Tel +62 21 8379 0625

Shanghai, China Tel +86 10 6410 7324/25

Beijing, China Tel +86 10 6410 7324/25

Perth, Australia Tel +61 (0)8 9209 3905

Concord, CA, USA Tel +1 925 687 0900

Paramount, CA, USA Tel +1 562 633 8800

Pasadena, TX, USA Tel +1 281 291 7769

West Valley City, UT, USA Tel +1 801 478 0736

Corpus Christi, TX, USA Tel +1 361 888 8233

Baton Rouge, LA, USA Tel +1 225 761 0621

Merrillville, IN, USA Tel +1 219 945 0400

Newark, DE, USA Tel +1 302 454 1109

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Tel +55 21 3535 7600

Sarnia, Canada Tel +1 519 332 6160

Edmonton, Canada Tel +1 780 469 0055

For all email enquiries please contact: [email protected]

Tracerco offer a range of other award winning products and services to the oil and gas industry:

Tracerco

:: Analytical Services, offering a full

range of standard and custom

analytical and diagnostic technologies

to meet all reservoir requirements

:: Process Diagnostics

:: Radiation monitors/detectors

:: Subsea services

:: Instrumentation

:: Product Assurance

:: Radiation Protection Advice

www.tracerco.com/reservoir-characterisation

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Benefit from over 25 years of global experience.

Follow us on Twitter @Res_Tracing

Tracerco Limited is a subsidiary of Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company,5th Floor, 25 Farringdon Street, London EC4A 4AB.Registered in England No. 4496566. Tracerco is a trading name of Tracerco Limited.Tracerco is a trademark of the Johnson Matthey group of companies.

reservoir characterisation - tracerco reservoir technologies 2 as the demand for hydrocarbons...

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