research & technical support to nuclear industry: the belgium
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
Research & Technical Support to Nuclear
Industry: the Belgium Case study
11 February 2013
IAEA, Vienna (AU)
Prof. Hamid Aït Abderrahim
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
Nuclear energy & Nuclear research in Belgium
7 nuclear power plants
4 units in Doel
3 units in Tihange
Pressurized Water type (PWR)
first unit operational since 1974
total capacity 5800 MWe
55% of the electricity needs of Belgium
45% mostly gas-fired and some coal plants
projected EOL of all plants ~2025
research reactors concentrated at SCK•CEN, Mol
BR1: air-cooled graphite moderated Test Reactor
BR2: Beryllium and water moderated Test Reactor
BR3: first PWR outside of USA (now under dismantling)
GUINEVERE: zero power ADS based on VENUS
M ol
D oe l
T ih ang e
C hooz
B ru ssel
Lu ik
N am e n
A n tw e rpen
N oordz ee
G en t
Mol
Doel
Tihange
Chooz
Brussel
Luik
Namen
Antwerpen
Noordzee
Gent
Mol
Doel
Tihange
Chooz
Brussel
Luik
Namen
Antwerpen
Noordzee
Gent
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
The Belgian Nuclear Research Centre
successful research in nuclear applications
and Technical Support to Industry & Authoroties
Prof. Dr. Hamid Aït Abderrahim (SCK•CEN, Belgium)
IAEA TM on Topical Issues on Infrastructures Development:
Nuclear Power Project Development in Emerging Nuclear Power States
11-14 February 2013, Vienna (AU)
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
SCK•CEN: The cradle of nuclear development
Research & services
Radioisotopes
Waste
EIG
Praclay
Fuel
FBFC
Synatom
Power &
engineering
Nuclear R&D @
Universities
Regulatory
Cyclotrons
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
Inventor of
innovative nuclear
fuel: MOX
1st pressurized water
reactor outside of US:
BR3
World’s first underground
laboratory for R&D on HL
waste disposal: HADES
Highest performing
material testing reactor
in Europe: BR2
World’s premiere project
for transmutation of
nuclear waste: MYRRHA
World’s first
lead-based ADS:
GUINEVERE
Some pioneering highlights
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
A series of pioneering events
1952: Research Centre for the Applications of Nuclear Energy, Sint-Genesius
Rode
1954-62: Expansion and gradual move towards the site of Mol
1956: May 11: Belgian Reactor 1, BR1, reaches criticality
1957: SCK•CEN was officially established at the Mol premises
1957-66…74: strong involvement in Eurochemic reprocessing plant
1960: SCK•CEN invents MOX (MIMAS Process)
1961: BR2 material test reactor becomes critical
1962: BR3, first PWR outside of the US, becomes critical
1964: VENUS, a zero power facility becomes critical
1965: the SCK•CEN radiobiology lab starts up at Site II in Geel
1970: widening towards non-nuclear activities
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
A series of pioneering events
1952: Research Centre for the Applications of Nuclear Energy, Sint-Genesius
Rode
1954-62: Expansion and gradual move towards the site of Mol
1956: May 11: Belgian Reactor 1, BR1, reaches criticality
1957: SCK•CEN was officially established at the Mol premises
1957-66…74: strong involvement in Eurochemic reprocessing plant
1960: SCK•CEN invents MOX (MIMAS Process)
1961: BR2 material test reactor becomes critical
1962: BR3, first PWR outside of the US, becomes critical
1964: VENUS, a zero power facility becomes critical
1965: the SCK•CEN radiobiology lab starts up at Site II in Geel
1970: widening towards non-nuclear activities
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
A series of pioneering events
1971: transfer of medical radio-isotope conditioning and commercialization
processes to IRE, Fleurus
1974: first Doel power plant comes on-line and gives rise to start of the
SCK•CEN R&D program on potential storage of high-level nuclear waste in
deep geological layers
1980: construction of first part of the underground lab HADES
1989: BR3 dismantling project selected by European Commission
1991: split with VITO, transfer of non-nuclear activities
1995: SCK•CEN -- NIRAS/ONDRAF together in EIG PRACLAY
1999-2002: second shaft/connecting gallery of HADES: EIG EURIDICE
2010: Belgian government decides to support MYRRHA
2011: installation of the PRACLAY-experiment
2011: GUINEVERE: first ADS with sub-critical core
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
2012: Belgian Nuclear Research Centre remains a foundation
cradle of nuclear research and energy development in Belgium
major international player in the field of nuclear R&D
creator of "spin-off's": IRE, BN, BP, VITO
tutorship: federal Secretary of Energy Melchior Wathelet
today: ~700 staff, >50% with academic degree + 90 PhD students
annual turnover: 125 M€
45% government support
55% contract work
20 M€ invested in MYRRHA
research towards sustainability
the nuclear world has changed
www.sckcen.be
SCK•CEN today
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
International dimension was and remains always important
SCK•CEN has 60 years hands on experience
SCK•CEN performs research and contractual work worldwide
in most of its disciplines
Europe: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, UK, ….
Asia: Japan, South Korea, China, Saoudi-Arabia….
America’s: USA, Argentina, Brasil, Mexico,….
Africa: Algeria, South-Africa, …..
SCK•CEN actively participates in international organisations
and committees
IAEA, OECD/NEA , ASTM, USNRC, …
European Community programs: Euratom; FP4, FP5, FP6 thru
FP7: 75% success rate!
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
Statutory mission of SCK•CEN
research on
safety
waste management
protection of man and environment
fissile and other strategic materials
societal implications of endurable energy
training and education
services towards
nuclear industry
the medical sector
the authorities in the field of nuclear applications
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
ask for innovation
nuclear safety (and security) is priority one
nuclear energy will move to more flexible nuclear power plants
a future for SMR-units
the concept of base load coverage will change, especially in Western countries:
load-following NPP's
nuclear fission will move towards a closed nuclear fuel cycle
more efficient use of resources
burn high radiotoxic nuclear waste and stocks (Pu) instead of burying them
but major developments needed: especially materials, fuel, 'treatment' facilities
deep geological disposal remains a necessity
nuclear medicine will keep on growing and needs research reactors
pressure on nuclear fusion will increase but developments needed
relevant societal discussion on nuclear energy
Nuclear priorities
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
2030-2050
increase via
sustainability
2011-2030
capacity increase
reduce the legacy
of the past
better use the
resources
3.
4.
towards sustainable
nuclear energy
Research &
Development
enhance safety and
security 1.
2. maximise the use
of proven
technologies
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
NMS Tech.Sup. to NPP’s and to Fuel Manufact.
Tech.Sup. to Medical & Electronic Ind
general
management
safetyplanning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
general
management
general
management
safetysafetyplanning
marketing
contract
planning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
institute
for
communication
services
administration
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
99Mo/99mTc Production Tech.Supp. To Medical industry
30-40 Million medical procedures per year = 100.000 patients per day
65% (peak) - 25% (yearly) from BR2
but most existing research reactors are getting old
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
BR2 will need replacement by 2026 Tech. Supp. To Nuclear Technology Industry
Material
Testing Reactor
(fission)
Fuel testing
for LWR &
GEN II/GEN III
Irradiation
Services: - Medical RI
- Silicium Doping
- Others
1962
BR2
Fast Neutron
Material
Testing Reactor
(fission + fusion)
ADS-Demo
+
P&T Testing (Partitioning &
Transmutation)
Irradiation
Services: - Medical RI
- Silicium Doping
- Others
Fuel testing for
LFT GEN IV
LFR European Technology Pilot Plant (ETPP)
2023
MYRRHA
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
Accelerator (600 MeV – 2.5 mA proton)
Fast
neutron
source
Spallation source
Lead-Bismuth
coolant
Multipurpose
flexible
irradiation
facility
Reactor • subcritical mode (50-100 MWth)
• critical mode (~100 MWth)
general
management
safetyplanning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
general
management
general
management
safetysafetyplanning
marketing
contract
planning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
institute
for
communication
services
administration
ANS Tech. Supp. In reactor dosimetry,
in Reactor Technology, in Reactor Safety,
Education & Training in reactor operation
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
EHS Tech. Supp. To Nuclear Authorities for Env. Monit.
Tech. Supp. For Nuclear Medicine
Tech. Supp. For Space Industry
general
management
safetyplanning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
general
management
general
management
safetysafetyplanning
marketing
contract
planning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
institute
for
communication
services
administration
'Analyse' Radiation
Effects
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
EHS Tech. Supp. To dismantling industry
general
management
safetyplanning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
general
management
general
management
safetysafetyplanning
marketing
contract
planning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
institute
for
communication
services
administration
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
EHS Tech. Supp. To Waste Mgt authority
general
management
safetyplanning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
general
management
general
management
safetysafetyplanning
marketing
contract
planning
marketing
contract
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
nuclear
material
science
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
advanced
nuclear
systems
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
environment
health
safety
institute
for
communication
services
administration
institute
for
communication
services
administration
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050 2070 2090
R&D as well as Industry need education & training
1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050 2070 2090
Copyright © 2013
SCK•CEN
Copyright © 2013 - SCKCEN
PLEASE NOTE!
This presentation contains preliminary data for dedicated use ONLY
and may not be cited without the explicit permission of the author.
If this has been obtained, please reference it as a “personal communication. Copyright SCK•CEN”.
SCK•CEN
Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie
Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire
Belgian Nuclear Research Centre
Stichting van Openbaar Nut
Fondation d'Utilité Publique
Foundation of Public Utility
Registered Office: Avenue Herrmann-Debrouxlaan 40 – BE-1160 BRUSSELS
Operational Office: Boeretang 200 – BE-2400 MOL