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eISSN : 2229 - 7006 (RRJoPS)

May - August 2014

STM JOURNALSScientific Technical Medical

Research & ReviewsA Journal of

Pharmaceutical Science

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(ISSN: 2229-7006)

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Dr. Bimlesh Lochab

Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance

Engineering Centre (ITMMEC)

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India

Prof. S. Ramaprabhu

Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory,

Department of Physics,

Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India

Dr. Rajiv Prakash

School of Materials Science and Technology,

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Varanasi, India

Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Assistant Professor, Department of

Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra,

Patna, India

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Gargi Asha Jha

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STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Dr. Ashish RunthalaLecturer, Biological Sciences Group,

Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Rajasthan, India.

Dr. Baldev Raj

Former Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India.

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of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy, India.

Prof. Bankim Chandra RayProfessor and Head, Department of

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology,

Rourkela, India.

Prof. D. N. Rao Professor, Department of Biochemistry,

AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Prof. Jugal KishoreProfessor, Department of Community

Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

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Pune, India.

Dr. Hardev Singh VirkProfessor Emeritus, Eternal

University, Baru Sahib, India.

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National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India.

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Pathology, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Prof. Subash Chandra MishraProfessor, Metallurgical & Materials

Engineering Department, NIT, Rourkela, India.

Prof. Yuwaraj Marotrao GhugalProfessor and Head Department, Govt.College of Engineering Station Road,

Osmanpura, Aurangabad, India.

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Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.

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Nurture Earth R&D Pvt LtdMIT Campus, Beed bypass road,

Aurangabad, India.

Dr. Rakesh KumarAssistant Professor,

Department of Applied Chemistry, BIT Mesra, Patna, India.

Dr. Priyavrat TharejaHead, Materials and Metallurgical

Engineering department, PEC University of Technology,

Chandigarh, India.

STM Journal (s) Advisory Board

Editorial Board

Dr. D. N. RaoProfessor Department of Biochemistry,All India Institute of Medical Sciences,

New Delhi, India.

Dr. Rajeev Kr. SharmaDirector, Pharmacopoeial Laboratory for Indian

Medicine, Department of AYUSH,Ministry of

Health & Family Welfare, (Govt. of India),

Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, India.

Dr. Vedagiri Subhashini JSS college of Pharmacy, JSS

University, India.

Dr. Manjusha Verma Postdoctoral Research Associate- Georgia Institute of Technology,

University of Georgia, India.

Dr. Ashok Kumar Tiwari CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical

Technology (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research) Hyderabad-

500607, INDIA, India.

Dr. Nayana UdupaManipal College of Pharmaceutical

Sciences, Manipal University Manipal, India.

Prof. Basawaraj S PatilRMES college of pharmacy,

Gulbarga, India.

Ashish RunthalaBirla Institute of Technology & Science,

Pilani, India.

Dr Gopalakrishna PillaiProfessor Dept.Pharm.Sci Sullivan University College of Pharmacy,

Louisville, KY USA, United States.

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 5 Issue (2)] of Research &

Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science (RRJoPS). The intension of RRJoPS is to create an

atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Pharmaceutical Science.

The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by

eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoPS provides an outlet for Research findings

and reviews in areas of Pharmaceutical Science found to be relevant for National and International

recent developments & research initiative.

The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for

the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and

research in the domain of Pharmaceutical Science.

Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for

their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write-

ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With

regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality

Research/Reviews findings for our customers base.

I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra

Director

STM Journals

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

Nanomedicine: knowing the name of something and knowing something.

Nanomaterials, with their size range corresponds to basic biological materials such as DNA, vastly increased 2surface area (1000m /g) and unique mechanical, electronic, photonic and magnetic properties, are projected

to have a wide range of applications from drug and gene delivery to biomedical imaging and more recently to

personalized medicine.

Although the size range of nanomedicines is strictly defined as 1-100nm, many marketed nanomedicines are

in the submicron range of 100-1000nm. The major advantage of using nanomaterials as a carrier of drugs

such as anticancer agents is the possibility of targeted delivery to the tumor, their ability to bind or enclose

thousands of molecules of a drug and deliver to required site and to overcome solubility and stability issues. In

addition, nanoplatforms like liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, micelles, gold nanoparticles,

nanorods and quantum dots can offer solutions to various problems in diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Multifunctional nanoparticles for simultaneous diagnosis, imaging and treatment, an area referred to as

“Theranostics” are also being developed for personalized medicine.

According to the national cancer institute, the field of nanomedicine grew exponentially from 2000 to 2010

and the agency predicts that the united states work force in nanomedicine will reach 2million by 2015.. The

global nanomedicine sector which was $53 billion in 2009 is projected to surpass100billion in 2014. Of the

various therapeutic areas, the anticancer segment is projected to grow and dominate the nanomedicine

market worth $12.7 billion by 2016. There are already a few nanotechnology-enabled drug products in the

market and many are in various stages of development.

Therefore the physicians and pharmacists will sooner or later encounter these wonder products and must be

prepared to utilize them effectively for the advantage of their patients.

Did the concept of nanomedicine originate in India?

The roots of nanomedicine are embedded deep in to the Indian society and culture and our ancestors have

been using nanotechnology in some form or another for over 2000years. The antibacterial effect of

nanosilver was probably known to them since they used silver tablewares to prevent food poisoning. They also

probably knew that curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric is absorbed well only if taken with oil or

ghee.(that forms a nanomicelle).

But the word Nanotechnology, a gigantic topic now about small things, was introduced in to the scientific

literature only in 1974 by a Japanese scientist Norio Taniguchi. It was Richard Feynman, who, delivering a

speech at the annual banquet of the American Physical Society, “There is plenty of room at the bottom” got

the credit for inspiring the development of nanotechnology. He challenged writing the entire 24 volumes of

encyclopedia Britannica on a pinhead . Feynman also said “I learned very early the difference between

knowing the name of something and knowing something”. So let us learn something about Nanomedicine.

Looking forward, market analysts expect that

breakthroughs in nanomedicine will be crucial to the development of treatments and products for diseases

such as diabetes, cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases.

Nanometallic and nanomineral preparations in the form of various kinds of

“Bhasma's” have been used in the Indian subcontinent since the 7th century AD. These bhasmas(nearer to

nanocrystalline materials) are known to have immunomodulatory and anti-aging properties as well as have

the capability to carry and deliver drugs to a required site in the body- the modern targeted delivery?

FROM THE EDITOR'S DESK!!

Dr. Gopalakrishna Pillai, Professor

Dept.Pharm.Sci Sullivan University College of Pharmacy

Louisville, KY

United States of America.

1. A Process for Standardization of Ayurvedic Polyherbal Formulation (Churna) for Antioxidant Activity S. Ghosh, P. Bhateja 1

2. Antipyretic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Leaves of Calotropis Procera S. Priya, S. Jenifer 8

3. Development and Validation of 1, 1-Cyclohexanediacetic Acid Monoamide by using SpectrophotometrySk. Manirul Haque, Prem Shanker 11

ContentsResearch & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science

RRJoPS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research and Reviews: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science ISSN: 2229-7006 (online)

Volume 5, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

A Process for Standardization of Ayurvedic Polyherbal

Formulation (Churna) for Antioxidant Activity

S. Ghosh*, P. Bhateja Himachal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Nadaun (H.P), India

Abstract Ayurvedic medicinal preparation as per Ayurveda by using herbal antioxidant

ingredients; the name of prepared formulation in Ayurveda is called churna, That churna

having antioxidant property known to be effective in all types of allied disorders also, related to oxidation in cellular and molecular level in a living system has been

standardized by following modern scientific quality control procedures both for the raw

material and finished product. The obtained values of physical and chemical parameters can be adopted to lay down new pharmacopoeia standards to be followed for traditional

preparations of antioxidant churna with batch-to-batch consistency. The Physicochemical constituents found to be present in the raw material used the preparation of antioxidant

churna possible facilitate the desirable therapeutic efficacy of the medicinal formulation,

and also could help in knowing the underlying mechanisms of Pharmacological Action.

Keywords: Standardization, Antioxidant Churna, Ayurvedic Polyherbal formulation,

Pharmacopoeia standards.

RRJoPS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research and Reviews: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science ISSN: 2229-7006 (online)

Volume 5, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Antipyretic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Leaves

of Calotropis Procera

S. Priya1*, S. Jenifer

2

1Department of Biotechnology, S. T. E. T. Women’s College, Mannargudi, T.N., India

2Department of Biotechnology, Bon Secours College for Women, Thanjavur, T.N., India

Abstract The study was conducted to screen the antipyretic activity of alcoholic extract of the leaf of Calotropis procera. Calotropis procera is a potent medicinal plant in the Indian

systems of medicine. Traditionally it is used as a diuretic, anticancer, anticonvulsant,

stomachic, antipyretic, analgesic, etc. In the present study the alcoholic extract of the leaf of Calotropis procera were studied for their antipyretic activity by Brewer’s yeast-

induced pyrexia in rats. It was observed that the alcoholic extract produced significant

antipyretic activity (p < 0.05). The extract showed marked antipyretic activity in a dose dependent manner.

Keywords: Calotropis procera, Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia, Antipyretic activity,

Alcoholic extract.

RRJoPS (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research and Reviews: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science ISSN: 2229-7006 (online)

Volume 5, Issue 2

www.stmjournals.com

Development and Validation of 1, 1-Cyclohexanediacetic

Acid Monoamide by using Spectrophotometry

Sk. Manirul Haque1*, Prem Shanker

2

1Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Technology, Jubail Industrial College, Royal

Commission of Jubail, Al –Jubail Industrial City, P. B. No – 10099, Zip Code: 31961, KSA 2Blue Circle Organics Pvt. Ltd, Ambernath, Maharashtra, India

Abstract An accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination

of 1, 1-Cyclohexanediacetic acid monoamide. The method is based on the reaction of

carboxylic acid group of 1, 1-Cyclohexanediacetic acid monoamide with the mixture of potassium iodate and potassium iodide to form yellow colored product in double distilled

water which measured at 346 nm against the reagent blank prepared simultaneously. Beer’s law obeyed in the concentration range of 14.14–42.42 µg/mL. The method is

validated with respect to linearity, specificity, accuracy, precision limit of detection and

limit of quantitation.

Keywords: 1, 1-Cyclohexanediacetic acid monoamide, Spectrophotometer, Potassium

Iodate, Potassium Iodide, Validation