research paper on "infrastructure -devnadi prakalp"

7/29/2019 Research paper on "Infrastructure -Devnadi prakalp"

1/22

INFRASTRUCTUREDEVNADI DAM

Nikhil Sagade: 43Radhika Limsay: 29

Apoorv Pathak: 39


2/22

Social

Mapping


3/22

Target Pointing


4/22

Devnadi : Lifeline for Sinnar


5/22

HISTORY OF IRRIGATION


6/22

Stakeholder

analysis

Devnadi

DAM

Project

Consumers

Villagers Farmers

TradersPublic /Private

institutions

Jila parishad

Panchayat

Govt. offices

N.G.O

Yuvamitra

Politicalparties


7/22

OUR LEARNINGSWater Storage and percolation problem

Encourage 5 kunthe farming

Catchments store huge amount of water

Silt deposition and displacement is an issue

Lack of awareness and funds for irrigation planning

Water conservation facilities not available

Height of dam walls(bandhara)

Mud blocks should be increased


8/22

OBSERVATIONS

Traditional v/s Latest approach

Lack of awareness, confidence

Water Rotations in channels should bemore frequent

Restriction on number of wells

Decision on Ownership


9/22

SUGGESTIONS

Seasonal employmentuse of origami

Artificial lakes, ponds, reservoirs

More no. of simple water conservations techniques

like rain water harvesting Training on use of more conservative techniques of

water utilization

Spreading awareness with the help of schools and

students Exploring more resource points like Aundhewadi

with the help of experts and agencies


10/22

BANDHARA


11/22

Canal constructed by

Farmers


12/22

Welingkar

Value Profiling : DAMS

Pressure Point: more ponds can be formed to store the water from the catchments ,since

the land availability is less to create such bhandharas

Chock Point: the height of the dams cannot be increased because the farms are next to the

dams and due to excess water supply the crops will get damaged.The dams cannot be in

ampole amount since of land scarcity.

Function

To store water for a longer period

of time so that farmers can

cultivate crops throughout the

year without facing any drought

problems.

Experience

In summers they face lot of

problems related to percolation of

water.

Dams existed from the era of

1870s

Limits

Dams are drying out because of

bad weather conditions .

Challenge

Percolation of water with increase

in population of the villages .

Height Increase

Stones/Cement :-Stones are the basicraw material requiredfor constructing the

dams.

Farms:-Water which is storedin dams is used as airrigation purpose for

the cultivations ofcrops.

Labour:- Labour isrequired for theconstruction ofdams.

Catchments:- Rainwater is stored intodams with the help of

these catchments


13/22

Welingkar

Value Profiling : CANALS

.

Pressure Point: No maintenance head under govenrment budget, people are not aware

about the benefits

Chock Point:- A permanent canal cannot being built because of various issues of land, water

and political scenario

Function

The rain water which is hit by the

catchments and directed towards

the river is being supplied into

the farms of various villages by

building the canals and giving

them diversification through

various gate channels.

Experience

The canals are usually dig by the

farmers before 3 months of rainy

season. The canal water is being

given to each village as per

rotation of 7 days. the metal gateis used as a channel to diversify

the water.

Limits

Per farmer a canal is not possible

because of limitation of the areas.

Challenge

No proper association is taking

into account the canal

infrastructure

Labour:- Digging workof the canals isundertaken by thefarmers themselves byappropriate tools.

Crops:- most ofthe crops receivewater by thesecanals

WaterDiversification:-Water from riveris diverted towater theneighboring

farms

Farms:- waterfrom canals isused to water

farms.


14/22

VALUE PROFILING : Roads and Houses

Welingkar

.

Pressure Point: Village area remains neglected as more focus is upon

developing near by industrial area and SEZ

Function

Houses solve the purpose of

providing shelter to the villagers and

their animals which are their source

of income.

Experience

There are very rare concrete

structures, rest are houses made of

brick walls and mud walls covered

with bamboo rooftops

Limits: budget allocation by govt.,

availability of labour

Challenge:- Because of the major

area of the village is covered by

farms villagers are finding difficult to

setup new houses.

Brick Houses:-Most of the houses

are made of bricks

and covered with

clay or mud.

Roads are semiconstructed and are

in descent condition


15/22

Welingkar

Value Profiling :Rivers

.River water is used for

cultivation

Pressure Point: no NRM (Natural Resource Management) system incorporated till date

Chock Point: no perennial source of water, dependence on rain

Function:-

To cater to the basic needs of the

farmers as well as water the farms.

Experience

The village suffers drought between

the span of January to May.

Water inside the river dries out .

Limits:- River water is not

accessible to all the 20 villages

around.

Challenge:- Water percolation is

the greatest challenge .

Source:-Source isfrom therain water

Catchment:- It isbasically a drain areafor rain water. Water is

drained down into thevillages in the form ofriver.

Bandharas: tostop and divergewater to differentcanals attachedat variouslocations


16/22

VALUE PROFILING: WELLS

Function:-

To cater to the basic

needs of the farmers as

well as water the farms.

Experience

The village suffers drought

between the span of

January to May.

Water inside the wells

dries out .

Limits:- number of wells

Challenge:- More wells

are dug because of the

decrease in the water

table.

EMPTY WELL:-Empty wells are theoutcomes of reductionin the water table

Too many number of villages is

a threat to water table, its

difficult to maintain the same

Chock point: no regulatory body to keep a

check in excessive digging of wells in a

certain locality


17/22

Scenario 1:Seasonal Employment for Women in the drought period.

Welingkar

.

Value point: Employment generation, way of earning, way of resources utilization

Seasonal Employment:

In Sinnar region people rely

largely on rain water .The

cultivation cycle is of 6 months

starting from June/July to

December/jan and can beextended up to month of feb-

mar depending upon the

availibity of water.

When rain doesnt fall in plenty

amount the water table

becomes low and there is no

enough water for the cultivation

of crops

During this period ,the women of

the house can utilize the time by

doing 3-4 months of seasonal

employment'. Like doing origami,

stone carving ,or working in fields

or making home made pickles.

This will not only make them self

employed but will serve a

purpose of earning.

Weaving bags, carpets, mats willbe an a good options since manyof them are good in sewing andthis can be sold in near by macromarkets

The skills required to make aBidi is very similar to Origami ,so this type of the hand madeproducts can be exhibitedand sold in the govt.

emporium and private shops

In the Sinnar area there was a lot of whitestone available. So it can be crushed tomake rangoli or can be carved in various

small sculptures which can be sold in highend gift shops.


18/22

Welingkar

Scenario2 : Effective Irrigation Techniques

.

Chock Pint: the higher cost of diesel energy may be a factor mitigating against

this technology.

Drip irrigation is already in use,

we propose to introduce Linear

irrigation system measures 1 km

across, with two arms each

extending 500 m, traversing 2,5

km, and giving total irrigationcoverage of 250 ha. The company

says that the technology saves

water, reduces labour input, is

able to produce the highest crop

yields at relatively low capital

cost, is flexible and offers greater

water management capabilities,

with a 95% uniform water

distribution over the crop. Linear

systems are fed through a central,

or side, channel, which is cheaper

and has a lower energy demand

than pressurised pipe systems.

The larger systems are diesel

driven, so there is no reliance on

electricity, which is erratic in

many parts of INDIA

A great deal of focus isbeing placed onoptimising existing systems

through bettermanagement in an effortto increase efficiency andsave costs without theneed for large capitalinvestment,

Farmers who switched from sprinkler irrigation to drip

systems (above) have cut their water use by 30-60%

Treadle pumps

A simple, inexpensivehuman-powered waterpump to irrigate crops. This

technology would helpSinnar farmers if it could beadapted to local conditionsand manufactured locally.


19/22

Welingkar

Scenario 3:- Government

.

Commitments of the government:-

1) Maintenance and efficient operation and modernisation where necessary of irrigationsystem in the Command Area.

2) Development and maintenance of the main and subsidiary drainage system in the

command Area.

3) Conducting soil survey from time to time and modifying most suitable cropping pattern in

the command Area.

4) Ensuring efficient maintenance of the fixed channels and field drains within the command

area.5) Prescribing and enforcing an appropriate system of distribution and regulation of water

supply through the command Area.

6) Implementation of policies of the Government in respect of the intensive development of

the command

7) Long term solution of proposing a huge dam project with hydroelectricity power plant in

order to store the water from catchments and various other sources, this will be done with

the help of collaboration with private sector company (source : confidential )

Chock Point: Govt. Officer Irrigation dept. : We dont want to spend on

maintenance of such a system(traditional British times Canal and bandhara

System) which is temporary and provides water during rainfall, we are looking

forward to large projects which can be a long term solution.


20/22

Welingkar

Scenario 4: Guntha farming

.

The 5 ghunthe farming is that in which instead of cultivating 1 crop in

whole land. the farm is divided in equivalent 5 different areas. In each

area separate crop is cultivated. So the lands 1 bhiga is 1/5 guntha.

40 ghuente-1 acre

20 ghute -1 bhiga

Its a good practice in time of water storage since itll earn around 1000/-

per day. so maximum propagation of such farming should be done


21/22

Welingkar

Scenario 6: Rain Water Harvesting programs

.

Rainfall is the mostunpredictable thing.most of the rain wateris being wasted andpasses throughdrainage and sewagegutters. there are two

ways for rain waterharvestingStorage of rainwateron surface for futureuse.Recharge to groundwater.

Storage of rainwater on surface forfuture use

Dams:percolation ofwater

Ponds: helps to store thewater in small areas ,unlikedams it is small and is totalindependent

Weir is a small

overflow dam used toalter the flowcharacteristics of ariver or stream


22/22

Welingkar

Scenario 5:Rain water harvesting: recharge of ground water

.

Chock Point: more area is required for if in case we are making rain water harvesting for

whole village.

Recharge toground water:WellsPits

Wells: the water can be stored but ifincase huge number of wells are

placed in one area, itll causewater table low.

the Rooftop collection of

rainwater can be done as thewater can be collected withthe help of catchment andthe water will be stored I bigcontainers, as a storagepurpose.

research paper on "infrastructure -devnadi prakalp"

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