RESEARCH ONE

WHY RESEARCH ONE?

FACTS AND CONTEXT

•  Boy: Mom! I got a 98 on my test today! •  Mom: That’s very good son. You must be

very happy! •  Boy: Yes, but there are 200 points on the test. •  Mom: Oh! I’m sorry. I guess you didn’t do

too well. •  Boy: Yes, but I got the second-highest score

in the class. •  Mom: Very good! •  Boy: Yes, but there are only two of us in the

class.

Facts and Photos

WORLD VIEW

Self Others Gender Role of Animals Birth and Death Invisible Entities Spatial and Temporal Orientations

TRAFFIC IN INDIA

TRAFFIC IN PORTLAND AND DELHI

Portland: 1) Traffic segregated into different arenas 2) Space within an arena is ordered 3) Mediate and immediate rules are used Delhi: 1) High status takes precedence 2) Players with high inertia take precedence 3) Players must signal their intended moves

CONCEPTS OF TIME Chronological Time and Event Time: Peace Corps and Botswana Monochronic and Polychronic Time: Edward Hall and a meeting in

Brazil (Individualism and Collectivism) Varieties of Time and Renee Rose Shields:

Senior Care Center study Time as: cyclical; calendrical; empty; and future peril

RESEARCH TWO

•  Sense Data Experience •  Establish Variables: Independent and

Dependent Variables (Independent variables must be discrete) •  Determine Direction of Causality •  Calculate Confidence Levels (This is not proof)

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

•  Problem •  Hypothesis •  Data Collection •  Data Analysis •  Generalization •  Theory

CASE STUDY

•  Weather and Suicide •  Does a rate of change of rain lead to a

rate of change in suicides? •  Seek data from National Weather

Service and Medical Examiner •  Look for correlations and causation •  Support for larger theory or not? •  Assumptions: 1) life outside 2) no A/C

RACE AND PIT BULLS

•  Race does not explain Intelligence (IQ) •  Use 25 year generations •  Parents = 2; Grandparents = 4; by 8

generations or 200 years ago you have 510 biological relatives and 20 generations or 500 years ago you have 2,038,167 leading to you

•  Are pit bulls a discrete category? •  Does a ban on a breed imply this?

EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS

www.ted.com Beau Lotto: Optical illusions show how

we see Al Seckel: Says our brains are mis-

wired Jill Bolte Taylor: Stroke of insight

Eyewitness Testimony on 48 Hours Bigfoot in Oregon on NBC-TV

KNOWLEDGE SOURCES •  Sense Data Experience (Bounded) •  Logic •  Authority •  Common Sense - Consensus Gentium •  Intuition •  Revelation (Unbounded) •  Faith (Unbounded)

Bounded = Science and Unbounded not so Paleoanthropology is science and Creation Science or Intelligent Design is not so

DISCOVERY Materialism: Measure the physical world Find causal relations Sacred Cows and the prohibition on beef Salem Witches and the ergot fungus Idealism: Study the symbols Clifford Geertz and Thick Description What is a wink?

SACRED COW OF INDIA

•  Marvin Harris (Cows, Pigs, Wars, and Witches, 1974)

•  Historical documents •  Geography •  Monsoon •  Farming practices •  Costs and benefits of cattle

SALEM WITCH TRIALS •  Mary Matossian (Poisons of the Past, 1989) •  Salem, Massachusetts •  January 20, 1692 •  Ergot of rye and alkaloid poisoning •  Symptoms •  Temperature •  Rainfall •  Crops grown •  Price and availability of rye

The Magic Square

RESEARCH ONE STUDY GUIDE

•  CONSCIOUSNESS Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi •  TRANSCENDENCE Tarthang Tulku and Eugen Herrigel •  CONNECTEDNESS Malidoma Some •  EMPIRICISM and RESEARCH TWO

Ways of Knowing •  www.ted.com Daniel Tammet: Different ways of knowing Temple Grandin: The world needs all kinds of minds The Believing Game and The Doubting Game Connected and Separate Knowing Phenomenology and Positivism Women’s Ways of Knowing

Ways of Knowing

•  Jill Bolte Taylor: Right Brain Left Brain

•  Philip Shepherd: Gut Brain Cranial Brain

•  Daniel Kahneman: System 1 System 2

•  Kazuma Matoba: Identity and Cognitive Diversity Unified Diversity

Column1………Column 2

LEFT upper left lower

right LOWER RIGHT upper

RIGHT UPPER left lower

LEFT LOWER right upper

CIRCULAR WAYS OF KNOWING

INDIA

Shiva Nataraja The Lord of the Dance

NATIVE AMERICANS

Navajo Sand Painting The Medicine Wheel

Smoke Signals

The Primal Mind

TIBETANS

Mandala

Wheel of Existence

Vajra or Dorje

Thanka

Islam

Calligraphy

Whirling Dervishes Sufis and Mullah Nasruddin

Bismillah al rahman al rahim

In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate

THE DREAMTIME At first chaos The ancestors move through this The material world and its form result Land forges source and purpose People come and go but land and stories pre-exist and persist with human incarnations temporary That which we now see reflects this

DAMARRI

Do you see the Damarri? The Djabugay language group’s mythical being is transformed into a mountain range. It is seen lying on its back above the Barron River Gorge looking upwards to the skies within northeastern Australia’s wet tropical forest landscape.

THE EMU

Do you see the Emu in the sky? This is an Australian Aboriginal constellation consisting of dark clouds rather than of stars. The time of year in which the emu in the sky stands upright in the evening marks the time when emu eggs are ready to be collected.

ULURU Uluru and its steps offer an example of a story from The Dreamtime. In the creation period, Tatji, the small red lizard, who lived on the mulgi flats, came to Uluru. He threw his kali, a curved throwing stick, and it became embedded in the surface. He used his hands to scoop it out in his effort to retrieve his kali, leaving a series of bowl-shaped hollows. Unable to recover his kali, he finally died in a cave in Uluru. His implements and bodily remains survive as large boulders on the cave floor.

ART AND CULTURE

James Clifford’s Handout

Itchiku Kubota M.C. Escher The Samurai Sword

Clifford on Art

•  Art - Culture •  Not Art - Not Culture •  Authentic - Inauthentic •  Masterpiece - Artifact •  Individual - Collective •  Original - Traditional

The Samurai Sword Hardness - Flexibility

BETWEEN THE FOLDS ORIGAMI

ORIGAMI

•  Humans are born of folds in DNA •  Origami as alchemy •  Inspiration from unexpected places •  Neither additive or deductive as art but

emerging from change

FIVE INTERSECTING TETRAHEDRA

ORIGAMI ART - MATHEMATICS

THE CHINESE GARDEN

Lan Su Yuan Garden of Awakening Orchids

Portland 2000

Ming Dynasty 1368-1644 Suzhou

THE ENTRANCE AND RITUAL AND SYMBOLISM

•  Separation •  Transformation •  Reincorporation

•  Bamboo lofty uprightness and loyalty and modesty

•  Plum moral courage •  Pine longevity

ELEMENTS

•  Plants •  Stone •  Water •  Architecture •  Poetry •  Harmony with Nature •  too much nature: savage: too little culture •  too much culture: pedantry: too little nature

Plants

Stone

Water

Architecture

Poetry

YIN AND YANG

•  Yin: hidden, feminine, supple,emotional, private,spiritual,water,windows,north,

shade, passive, and private •  Yang: open, masculine, rational, rigid,

rock, walls, south, sunny, aggressive, and public

CHINESE STYLE Layout: ecofriendly with liberal layout Roads: winding path to a place of repose Trees: isolated and scattered in natural forms Flowers: beds for potted flowers

with attention to form Water Scenes: stationary water scenes as

ponds Space: undulating rock formations Sculpture: huge stones Perspective: borrowing of scenery Scenery: scenes hidden in quiet places Style: poetic feelings of the literate

WESTERN STYLE Layout: regular and geometric Roads: straight axis like tree lined Trees: planted in symbolic forms or lines Flowers: beds with well conceived patterns

and coloration Water Scenes: dynamic such as fountains Space: extensive lawns Sculpture: stone sculpture of figures or animals Perspective: fixed in scenery Scenery: extensive open landscape Style: knight’s romanticism

Portland Rose Garden

Portland Community Garden

Portland Chinese Garden

Chinese Tea Pavilion

Portland Japanese Garden

Japanese Tea Ceremony

Mauna Kea and The TMT

•  Sacred site for over 2,000 years •  Burial site for royalty •  More than 11 telescopes already built •  TMT expands into new area •  Environmental pollution •  Fear of future closure •  Alternative location in Chile •  Debate over jobs •  Influence of the military