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Advanced coal technologies:Research for power plants and chemical use of coal in the Rhenish lignite-mining area

Brussels, 13 July 2018

Prof. Dr. Reinhold ElsenRWE Power AGHead of Research & Development and Quality Assurance

RWE Power

Conventional power plants remain indispensable in the long term for the provision of guaranteed power

Electricity generation in Germany 1

(1) Actual data according to AGEB (Working Group on Energy Balances);expectations based on EEO Q3 2016, New Policy Scenario

But the role of conventional power plants will change: as a partner of RES, conventional power plants will need to have a high degree of flexibility to fill theproduction gaps

Generation of wind and solar power January 2018

Nuclear energy

Renewable energiesFossil production

16% 13%

61% 58%52% 53%

23% 29%43% 47%

202720162012

5%2022

Prof. Dr. Reinhold O. Elsen Seite 213.7.2018

RWE Power

The existing pp fleet is able to cope with current flexibilityrequirements thanks to continous optimization

MW

Gas CC unit (idealized)

Max. capacity ~1,000MWMin. capacity ~500MWMax. gradient +/- 30 MW/min

New-built BoA 1 to 3

Max. capacity ~880MWMin. capacity ~520MW*Max. gradient +/- 32MW/min

Minutes

300 5 10 15 20 25

1,100

Flexibility of modern gas-fired units as compared with lignite-fuelled power plants

New built (idealized)

Max. capacity ~1,100MWMin. capacity ~365MW Max. gradient +/- 30MW/min

0

200

400

600

800

1,000


RWE Power

Enhancement of flexibility of conventional power plants requires further research & development

I&C optimization makes modern power plants even faster

New advanced materials allow increase in flexibility or efficiency

New pp concepts to increase efficiency and flexibility

˃ Reduction in minimum load

˃ Increase in load change rates

˃ Provision of balancing energy

Integration of energy storage to optimize flexibility and market-compliant electricity production

˃ Reduction in minimum load˃ Increase in load change rate

30

35

40

45

50

55

1970 1990 2010 2030

Effic

ienc

y [%

]

Commissioning

Nickel-base alloys(up to 700°C)

Efficiency development of lignite-fired plants

State of the art

High efficiency

High flexibility

˃ Avoidance of shut-downs

˃ Support of start-upsTurbine

1,100MW

Silo

Dryer

Raw ligniteDry ligniteSteam

Boiler550MW

Boiler550MW

Start-upoptimization

Gradients

Surplus

Base load


RWE Power

Dry lignite-fired pp most modern, most efficient and most flexible kind of lignite-based power generation worldwide

Capacity halving and decommissioning of equal capacity

- Reduction in emissions and use of coal

- Less shading

A

2 x 550MW boiler- High flexibility- Low height (~ 100m)

B

Integrated firingscheme

- High efficiency- High flexibility- Security of supply /

availability- biomass option

C

Hybrid cooling- Low height

(~ 75 m)- Mainly vapour-free

operation

DWTA® prototype

Since 2008 efficiency increase


RWE Power

Advanced flue gas cleaning technologies for furtheremission reductions

Reliable CO2 scrubbing

Efficiency increase and furtherdevelopment of flue gas desulphurization

• ?

> Bild

CCS Directive

Industrial Emissions Directive

BAT / BVT

CO2

SO2

NOx

Hg

Dust

NEC-D

Aerosoles

Mercury reduction


RWE Power

Lignite as a partner of renewables and reliable carbon supplier for industry

Lignite could replace crude oil and natural gas as a carbon resource (in part)

Retention of lignite as a domestic energy carrier, security of supply and jobs by expanding the use of lignite as a chemical substance

Opencast mines

Flexible power plants

Chemical use

Use of existing infrastructure


RWE Power

Chemical use opens up new markets for lignite

Lignite drying Gasifier Gas

conditioning

Synthesis gas

Synthetic natural gas

Chemicals*

Fuels

Alte

rnat

ive

rout

es

Lignite

* Naphtha, hydrogen, acetic acid, methanol, ammonia, …

Wax

CO2

Synthesis


RWE Power

The integration of renewable energy permits the carbon footprint of chemical use to be reduced

Renewables

Electrolysis

H22

Lignite drying Gasifier Gas

conditioning

Synthesis gas


Chemicals*

Fuels

Alte

rnat

ive

rout

es

Lignite


Wax

CO2

Synthesis


RWE Power

Utilization of biomass and waste materials as first step into a circular carbon economy

Biomass

Residuals

Sewage sludge

CO2

Renewables

Electrolysis

H22

LLignite drying Gasifier Gas

conditioning

Synthesis gas


Chemicals*

Fuels

Alte

rnat

ive

rout

es

Lignite


Wax

CO2

Synthesis


RWE Power

Engineering phase started Testing of different gas

scrubbing technologies

First step: Tests with artificial synthesis gas in Niederaußem (ongoing)

Second step: Tests with "real" syngas in Darmstadt

Commissioned in 2015 with Rhenish lignite

Currently technical modifications

Pilot scale: 0.5MWth

HTW gasification Gas conditioning Product synthesis

HTW building in Darmstadt Sketch of planned gas cleaning Synthesis test rig in Niederaußem

Project subsidized by BMWi (COORETEC): investment ~ €9m Duration: 2016-2020 Goal: proof of feasibility of whole chain in flexible operation

RWE project "Fabiene": Adaptation and increase in flexibility


RWE Power

CO2 as a possible source of carbon for sector couplingRWE pilot plant for carbon capture is point of departure for many new applications

CO2 scrubbingCO2 liquefaction, processing and filling station

Flue gas CO2: CO2:

Since 2015 cooperation with Algen Science Centre (Jülich Research Centre); use of our CO2 for producing biokerosene

The pilot plant has meanwhile been running reliably for more than 60,000 hours


RWE Power

Production of eFuels from CO2 and renewable energyInnovation Centre becomes platform for CCU pilot plants

Demonstration of full CCU chain for DME/OME synthesis (diesel surrogate)


RWE Power

SummaryRES and conventional power stations must act in concert to ensure the power supply of the future. Coal-fired power plants will play an important role in this.

Apart from the expansion and further development of RES, conventional power plants, too, need to be further developed in terms of flexibility and environmental compatibility.

Chemical use taps new potential for domestic lignite and ideally complements the use of lignite in the electricity sector. It may also promote the reconciliation between renewables and conventional electricity generation.

The integration of waste materials and residues as well as CO2 opens up paths to a sustainable circular carbon economy with increasingly closed cycles (e.g. sector coupling).

Together with partners, RWE is developing solutions for a secure energy supply and a sustainable circular carbon economy.


RWE Power

Thank you!

REAplus (FGD)Since 2009→ SO2/dust mitigation

WTATM

Since 2008→ CO2 mitigation

CO2 scrubberSince 2009→ CO2 capture

Catalyst testing Since 2013→ CO2 utilization, P2G

CO2 filling station Since 2011→ CO2utilization


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