requirements traceability matrix - creating process with sample template

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How to Traceability Matrix – Exact Process with Sample TM Template

osted In | Software Testing Templates, Testing Concepts, Testing Methodologies | Last Updated: "March 16,016"

How to Create and Use It

oday’s session is about an important QC tool, that is either over-simplified (read overlooked) or over-

mphasized – (TM).

Most often, the making, reviewing or sharing of a Traceability Matrix is not one of the primary QA processeliverables – so it is not majorly concentrated on, thus causing the under-emphasis. On the contrary, someients expect a TM to reveal earth-shattering facets about their product (under test) and are disappointed.

When used right, a can be your GPS for your QA journey”.

s is a general practice at STH, we will see the “What” and “How” aspects about a TM in this article.

What is a ?

he focus of any testing engagement is and should be maximum test coverage. By coverage, it simply means thate need to test everything there is to be tested. The aim of any testing project should be 100% test coverage.

equirements begin with, establishes a way to make sure we place checks on the coveragepect. It helps in creating a snap shot to identify coverage gaps.

How to Create a ?

o being with we need to know exactly what is it that needs to be tracked or traced.

esters start writing their test scenarios/objectives and eventually the test cases based on some input documents – usiness requirements document, Functional Specifications document and Technical design documentptional).

et’s suppose, the following is our Business requirements document (BRD): (Download this sample BRD

excel format)

Click any image to enlarge)

Create Requirements

raceability Matrix –

Traceability Matrix

Traceability Matrix

Traceability Matrix

Traceability Matrix to

Traceability Matrix

http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/atlassian-jira-tutorial-5/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/sqa-processes-how-to-test-complete-application/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/istqb-advanced-level-test-manager-ctal-guide/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/is-software-testers-job-really-low-profile-job/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/is-software-testers-job-really-low-profile-job/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/is-software-testers-job-really-low-profile-job/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/atlassian-jira-tutorial-5/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/testing-methodologies/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/testing-concepts/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-test-software-requirements-specification-srs/http://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Sample-BRD.xlsxhttp://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/is-software-testers-job-really-low-profile-job/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/category/software-testing-templates-test-cases/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/sample-test-cases-testing-web-desktop-applications/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/sqa-processes-how-to-test-complete-application/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/istqb-advanced-level-test-manager-ctal-guide/


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he below is our Functional Specifications document (FSD) based on the interpretation of the Businessquirements document (BRD) and the adaptation of it to computer applications. Ideally all the aspects of FSD

eed to be addressed in the BRD. But for simplicity’s sake I have only used the points 1 and 2.

ample FSD from Above BRD: (Download this sample FSD in excel format)

ote: the BRD and FSD are not documented by QA teams. We are merely, the consumers of the documentsong with the other projects teams.

ased on the above two input documents, as the QA team we came up with the below list high-level scenariosr us to test.

ample Test Scenarios from the Above BRD and FSD: (Download this sample test Scenarios file)

http://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Functional-Specifications-document.jpghttp://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Business-requirements-document.jpghttp://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Sample-FSD.xlsxhttp://cdn2.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Sample-test-Scenarios.xlsx


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nce we arrive here, now would be a good time to start creating the requirements .

personally prefer a very simple excel sheet with columns for each document that we wish to track. Since theusiness requirements and functional requirements are not numbered uniquely we are going to use the sectionumbers in the document to track. (You can choose to track based on line numbers or bulleted-point numbers etc.epending on what makes most sense for your case in particular.)

ere is how a simple would look for our example:

he above document establishes a trace between, the BRD to FSD and eventually to the test scenarios. Byeating a document like this, we can make sure every aspect of the initial requirements have been taken into

onsideration by the testing team for creating their test suites.

ou can leave it this way. However, in order to make it more readable, I prefer including the section names. Thisill enhance understanding when this document is shared with the client or any other teams. The outcome is as

elow:

gain, the choice to use the former format or the later is yours.

his is the preliminary version of your TM but generally does not serve its purpose when you stop here.Maximum benefits can be reaped from it when you extrapolate it all the way to defects.

et’s see how.

traceability matrix

Traceability Matrix

http://cdn2.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Sample-Test-Scenarios.jpghttp://cdn2.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/simple-Traceability-Matrix.jpghttp://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/simple-Traceability-Matrix-1.jpg


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or each test scenario that you came up with, you are going to have at least 1 or more test cases. So, includenother column when you get there and write the test case IDs as shows below:

------------

t this stage, the Traceability Matrix can be used to find gaps. For example, in the above Traceability Matrix youe that there are no test cases written for FSD section 1.2.

s a general rule, any empty spaces in the Traceability Matrix are potential areas for investigation. So a gap likehis can mean one of the two things:

1. The test team has somehow missed considering the “Existing user” functionality.2. The “Existing user” functionality has been deferred to later or removed from the application’s functionality

requirements. In this case, the TM shows an inconsistency in the FSD or BRD – which means that an

update on FSD and/or BRD documents should be done.

it is scenario 1, it will indicate the places where test team needs to work some more to ensure 100% coverage.

scenarios 2, TM not just shows gaps it points to incorrect documentation that needs immediate correction.

et us now expand the TM to include test case execution status and defects.

he below version of the generally prepared during or after test execution:

ownload requirements template here: excel format

mportant Points to Note About

Traceability Matrix is

traceability matrix Traceability Matrix in

Traceability Matrix

http://cdn2.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/simple-Traceability-Matrix-2.jpghttp://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Requirements-Traceability-matrix.xlsxhttp://cdn.softwaretestinghelp.com/wp-content/qa/uploads/2013/10/Requirements-Traceability-matrix.jpg


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he following are the important points to note about this version of the :

The execution status is also displayed. During execution, it gives a consolidated snapshot of how work isogressing.

Defects: When this column is used to establish the backward traceability we can tell that the “New user”nctionality is the most flawed. Instead of reporting that so and so test cases failed, TM provides a transparency

ack to the business requirement that has most defects thus show casing the Quality in terms of what the clientesires.

As a further step, you can color code the defect ID to represent their states. For example, defect ID in red canean it is still Open, in green can mean it is closed. When this is done, the TM works as a health check reportsplaying the status of the defects corresponding to a certain BRD or FSD functionality is being open or closed.

If there is a technical design document or use cases or any other artifacts that you would like to track you canways expand the above created document to suit your needs by adding additional columns.

o sum up, a requirements helps in:

1. Ensuring 100% test coverage2. Showing requirement/document inconsistencies

3. Displaying the overall defect/execution status with focus on business requirements.4. If a certain business and/or functional requirement were to change, a TM helps estimate or analyze the

impact on the QA team’s work in terms of revisiting/reworking on the test cases.

dditionally,

1. A TM is not a manual testing specific tool, it can be used for automation projects as well. For anautomation project, the test case ID can indicate the automation test script name.

2. It is also not a tool that can be used just by the QAs. The development team can use the same to mapBRD/FSD requirements to blocks/units/conditions of code created to make sure all the requirements are

developed.3. Test management tools like HP ALM come with the inbuilt traceability feature.

n important point to note is that, the way you maintain and update your determines theffectiveness of its use. If not updated often or updated incorrectly the tool is a burden instead of being a helpnd creates the impression that the tool by itself it not worthy of using.

Have you created a your projects? How similar or different is it from what we have

eated in this article? Please share your experiences, comments, thoughts and feedback on this article

rough your comments.

bout Author: This is an article by STH team member Swati Seela.

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2 comments ↓

1 Mohsin

Good Articel, which gives clear picture on TM !

2 Akshayaa

nice…. but steps to maintain traceabiltiy matrix in QC can be added…

3 VISHAL M

thanks for sharing….!!!

4 True Testers

Thank you..Now i got the clear idea about ..

5 Ram

Excellent and detailed post.

6 olayinka shola

Good material. Thank you.

7 Aarthi

Got clear picture of RTM, thank you for the post

8 will smith

Thanks for the great post.This post helped me a lot to understand the TM.Can you please post on the Test scenarios.How to identify the Scenarios in an web application.does all the

methods of testing(FT,IT,ST) come under a one scenario.

9 Shruti K

this is very simple and effective method to track requirements.thank you for sharing

Traceability Matrix

http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-test-harness/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/state-transition-testing-technique-for-testing-complex-applications/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/cause-and-effect-graph-test-case-writing-technique/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.org/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/white-box-testing-techniques-with-example/


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10 Keilla

very nice material

11 Swati Seela

@Akshayaa: QC does not create a . it just makes sure that traceability is an integral partof the entire test management process. Please check out our QC tutorials for how to achieve that:http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/learn-hp-quality-center-qc-in-4-days/

12 jayashree

very nice article.

13 Devi

I am new to Software Testing. I got a clear picture of TRM.Thanks for your post. Please provide some more….

14 Satish

Thanks for sharing the artical. Can you plz share the Smoke test case format?

15 Prachi

Now i got clear understand about TM .Thanks for sharing .

16 Sangram Kumar Das

Nice article..good contents and easy to understand.

17 Ahmed fathi

Really so thanks for these valued articles and waiting for more …

18 Kiran J

superb in simple words. I saw so many complex TMs but this one is the simplest.

19 Martin Bogdanov

Great topic. It describes the correct way of creating and maintaining a TM.

20 Niti Soni

Very helpful material. Thanks!

21 Yogesh Koshti

You wrote : “Ideally all the aspects of FSD need to be addressed in the BRD.”

I think it should be exactly opposite statement

22 Michael Wharton

After reading this article, I wanted to ask a question. We just switched from QC to JIRA and we nowhouse our tests in there as well. Now, I right my Test Cases in an excel spreadsheet and import them intoJIRA once they have been signed off as complete by Development and the Business owner. Can the TMtake the place of my Test Case spreadsheet or should I still use both to make sure I have maximum testcoverage. Seems like both are kind of a waste of time.

traceability Matrix

http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/learn-hp-quality-center-qc-in-4-days/http://www.arbonne.com/


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Thanks,

Michael W

23 Amit Tanwar

Very nice article….Gives a clear understanding on TM

24 Rajesh

Nice one

25 Geetanjali Negi

Thanks for this article. It gives me a clear picture of the TM. A mystery of TM got solved for me now. Theexmaple is very good.

26 Dilip Singh

Nice Articles, its really help me.. Thanks

27 Robert Dunlop

Nice to verify that the TM I use is similar in layout and logic to others. I liked the colour coding, thatillustrates an instant “health check”.I also use the data to input into charts that are used for weekly / monthly management reports.Only suggestion would be fill in the gaps in BRD and FSD columns to allow sorting and filtering, withoutcorrupting the data.

28 baliruno ivan

thank you for TM ITS GOOD

29 Asif

The way it is define it is easy to understand. Thanks

30 faraaz

Hi Vinay,

So in given excel sheet if in QC i think no need to prepare right as everything it iscovered by Test Coverage analysis and only if we are not using the tool we need the above

.tHANKS

31 Pradeep

Nice Post

32 Siddhant Raut

i yet not created TM but this will help me a lot to understand create for my projects….

33 Sunil

Good article . Started with QC steps but they are not added

34 Swati

@Sunil: The QC in the first line stands for Quality control not HP Quality center – thats why you did not

Traceability MatrixTraceability

Matrix

http://faraazqa.blogspot.in/2013/12/tracebility-matrix-in-software-testing.htmlhttp://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/


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find any QC steps- sorry about the confusion. We tried to keep this generic. I hope you found the rest of the article helpful.

35 Niketa Bihani

Very informative and explainatory post.Thanks for posting it.It gives me clear picture about RTM.

36 priyanka

Brilliant!!

thanks a tonne, i needed this information badly….:)

37 Domnic

I stumbled on your site while searching for . Really Nice article, thank you Swati Seelaand than you to STH team

-Domnic

38 Jitendra

Very nice article. Informative and very useful.thanks a lot for writing this article

39 Testing_Ratz

Excellent Article on TM. Its helps me to create Tm for my project.Tnx

40 sasi

well explained…. good one..

41 keerthan

Really very good article .. cleared all my doubts which I had on ‘key purpose of writing TM’ ..

42 Sahil

Nice post…Just a thought after reading the post..

When a project is using HP Quality centre, is there still a need to create and maintain this RTM as QC itself has a Req tab and most often Req are uploaded in QC and a link is establisted between REQ and Testscripts that we create.

43 Saroja

Hi, Thank you very much for posting valuable article. I learned so much about TM. Keep up your goodwork.

44 Renuka

Good one. One suggestion- We could even provide link to the test case id and defect id to in the TM makeit more user friendly.

45 Chandrashekhar

Thank you so much for this…

46 PP

traceability matrix


10/16

Really easy to understand

47 ss

Now i got the clear idea about ..thanks

48 Ganesh Kiran

Great post!!!

I did this part of the test management, but never thought am doing testing traceability.

You exactly explained what we do….

49 Anup

Good post…

50 Anup

great post!!!

51 priya

Really great information to understand TM.

Thanks a Lot.

52 Ishrat

Got the clear idea about .

Thanks.

53 Dheeru

Awesome site……Everything is very clearly explained….Nice work

THANKS

54 Rohit

Nice article and also a very nice site…

55 Girish Govind

Good one. Very nicely protrayed.

56 sunandha

Very well explained.Thanks

57 sumit

Its exactly what i require..!! Thanks alot

58 Mubashir

Good explanation. Thank you!

59 mahadev

Traceability Matrix

Traceability Matrix…

http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/


11/16

Excellent it’s very helpful for me thank you very much

60 soumya

Good document on RTM.

61 Harish

“Requirements begin with, establishes a way to make sure we place checks on thecoverage aspect. It helps in creating a snap shot to identify coverage gaps.” It definitely did create a

snapshot of the concept in my memory.

62 parul

Got clear picture of RTM, thank you for the post

63 Sudhindra Deshpande

Hi, who is responsible for RTM?who all can view it?suppose there are 3 modules and 3 test engineers are working on them,

then how they will update the RTM ?or everyone will prepare there own of perticular module and then it get collborated?

Thanks in advance

64 Rizwan

Great job.

65 Anand

It is a nice article.It will be further useful, if the details of recording metrics version wise – how to add. And also few morelines about ‘Forward TM’ & ‘Backward TM’.

66 Meghana

It really good and informative…

67 Rohit K

Really very very helpful…

68 karthik vedam

good job…thank u

69 Shailesh Pachori

really good information. this is very useful to understand technical jargon and easy to adoptable.

70 neeraj

good example…

71 abhay

Very Good Article

72 good one

Traceability Matrix to

Traceability Matrix


12/16

good one very helpful

73 Toshi Jain

Very well explained.

Thank ew.

74 pranay

This website and the articles you are providing is quite fantastic. Very useful in gaining the real time

knowledge. The tutorials your website covered is more helpful for experts and freshers as well.Thank you so much.

75 Shahnaz

Very clear!!!!!!!!!!!!!

76 Katrine

Thank you for explanation on clear examples. On my projects I have used the same approach but untiltoday I even don`t asked myself that this approach for managing all the requirements is called TM. And

always thought that I don`t know the term TM))))

77 Raghu

Good one

78 Joe

Re: #27

I made a copy of the TM tab, and did as Robert suggested.

I can eMail it, if necessary.

Joe

79 Tejeshwar jaiswal

Thanks for the post. Its really a good & helpful article.I would like to ask the question same as Sudhindra i.e.who is responsible for RTM?

who all can view it?Suppose there are 3 modules and 3 test engineers are working on them, then how they will update theRTM ?or everyone will prepare there own of perticular module and then it get collaborated?

80 Sania

Very precisely-written, thanks Swati!

81 sulabh

very good article, got the clear overview of RTM

82 Bala

Article is very good , we got full picture on TM.

eave a Comment


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