Requirements forRequirements for Electronic Safety Equipment used in aEquipment used in a Hazardous Location

By Jim Marquedant

Agenda

FM Global & FM Approvals Overview

Ignition In Hazardous Locations

Evolution of Intrinsic Safety

Recommendations for Electronic Safety Equipment (ESE)

Parent company of FM Approvals Largest industrial and commercial propertyLargest industrial and commercial property

insurance company in the world What makes FM Global unique? What makes FM Global unique?

– Philosophy – Majority of loss is preventable– Single Focus – Highly Protected Risk (HPR)– Research & Engineeringg g

Supporting Property Loss PreventionSupporting Property Loss Prevention

Mission StatementMission StatementFM Approvals approves and certifies products pp pp pand services with unique focus on:

Objectively testing property loss preventionproducts and services and certifying those that meet rigorous loss prevention standards;

Encouraging the development and use of Approved products and services that improve and

d t l ti tiadvance property loss prevention practices.

Hi tHistory

1897 1940s 1999 2006

1897 - Approved Electrical Fittings published by Inspection Department of the Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance CompaniesFactory Mutual Fire Insurance Companies. Dated June 1897.

We offer Product Certification in 3 key areas Fire Protection Equipment

S i kl

We offer Product Certification in 3 key areas

−Sprinklers−Traditional fire protection equipment−Fire pumps and related equipmentFire pumps and related equipment−Special-protection extinguishing systems

Electrical Equipment q p−Equipment for hazardous locations−Fire alarm and signaling systems

Building Materials−Roofing products

Fi t ti d fi t d b ildi t i l−Fire-protective and fire-rated building materials−Other property loss prevention products

H d L ti C tifi tiHazardous Location Certification There are many types of protection that can There are many types of protection that can

make a product suitable for use in a specific area classification:area classification: – Explosionproof

Fl f– Nonincendive

N ki– Flameproof– Restricted Breathing

E l ti

– Non-sparking– Protected Sparking

I t i i S f t– Encapsulation– Pressurization/Purging

– Intrinsic Safety– & More

E l f IS P d tExamples of IS Products We Approve hundreds of products as IS: We Approve hundreds of products as IS:

Land Mobile Radios Barriers– Land Mobile Radios– Telephones

Cameras

– Barriers– I/O Modules

T t S– Cameras– Computers

G D t t

– Temperature Sensors– Pressure Sensors

L l S– Gas Detectors– Flashlights

L

– Level Sensors– Flow Meters

Et– Lamps – Etc……

Ignition In Hazardous Locations

H d l ti t d d f th Hazardous location standards focus on the prevention of an ignition by eliminating one or more of the three elementsmore of the three elements

Methods to eliminate an element:

Oxidizer = Purging with Inert Gas Fuel = Encapsulation Fuel = Encapsulation Ignition = Intrinsic Safety

There are many others

Intrinsic SafetyIntrinsic Safety Focuses On The Ignition Source

I iti E CIgnition Energy Curve

Ignition Point

Intrinsic Safety = Margin of Safety

FM 3610 Revisions and Margin of SafetyFM 3610 Revisions and Margin of SafetyIgnition Point 2012 Design Freeze

tion

Margin of Safety

LMRMargin of Safety No Design Freeze

Ris

k of

Igni Margin of Safety

Other ESEMargin of Safety

R

LCD Display LiO Battery ?

1988Safety Factor = 1.22O / Sh t

LCD DisplaySMT Circuits

1999Safety Factor = 1.5Defined Faults

LiO BatteryActive Circuits

2010Prescriptive AssessmentsAdditi l B tt A t

?

?

Open / Shorts Defined Faults Additional Battery Assessments

FM Approvals’ Recommendations

1. Require the same margin of safety for all ESE used in the same area.

FM 3610 Revisions and Margin of SafetyFM 3610 Revisions and Margin of SafetyIgnition Point 2012 Design Freeze

tion

Margin of Safety

LMRMargin of Safety

No Design Freeze

Ris

k of

Igni Margin of Safety

Other ESEMargin of Safety

R

LCD Display LiO Battery ?

1988Safety Factor = 1.22O / Sh t

LCD DisplaySMT Circuits

1999Safety Factor = 1.5D fi d F lt

LiO BatteryActive Circuits

2010Prescriptive AssessmentsAdditi l B tt A t

?

?

Open / Shorts Defined Faults Additional Battery Assessments

FM Approvals’ Recommendations

1. Require the same margin of safety for all ESE used in the same area.

2. Require suitability for a specific area q y pclassification rather than a specific protection method.

Methods to eliminate an element:

Oxidizer = Purging with Inert Gas Fuel = Encapsulation Fuel = Encapsulation Ignition = Intrinsic Safety

There are many others

THANK YOUTHANK YOU