reproduction in poultry
DESCRIPTION
Reproduction in Poultry. Original Power Point by Linda Rist Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002. Different from mammals. young are not carried in the hens body develop inside a fertilized egg outside the hens body. Process. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Reproduction in Poultry
Original Power Point by Linda Rist
Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office
June 2002
![Page 2: Reproduction in Poultry](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081503/56815000550346895dbdca99/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Different from mammals
• young are not carried in the hens body
• develop inside a fertilized egg outside the hens body
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Process
• begins with male placing the sperm into oviduct of the female
• male papillae deposits sperm in cloacal wall of female
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Process
• sperm move up the oviduct to the funnel where the egg is fertilized
• sperm cells remain in oviduct 2-3 weeks after mating
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Process
• sperm have full fertilizing ability for about 6 days
• after then - ability of sperm to fertilize egg is decreased
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Sperm viability
• 10th day - 50% ability
• 19th day - 15% ability
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Process
• after yolk is fertilized it moves through the tract where the rest of the egg is added
• egg is laid - embryo grows inside the shell
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Incubation
• keeping eggs at the right temperature and humidity for hatching
• hen does this by sitting on the eggs
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Incubation
• commercial hatcheries use mechanical incubators
• incubation of chickens is 21 days
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Incubation
• temperature 102 - 103 F.
• RH - (relative humidity) 60% for the first 18 days
• RH 70% for the last 3 days
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Incubation• eggs are turned twice daily for
the first 15 days
• keeps the embryo from sticking to the inside of the shell
• Provide a small amount of oxygen
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Oviduct
• has five parts
• Funnel - receives the yolk from the ovary
• sperm cells received from the rooster are stored here
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Magnum
• secretes the thick white of the egg
• It takes three hours for the thick white to be placed around the yolk in the magnum
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Isthmus
• the yolk and thick white then moves to the Isthmus
• 2 shell membranes are added
• It takes 1 1/4 hours
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Uterus
• thin white and outer shell are added to the egg in the uterus
• egg remains in the uterus about 20 hours
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Vagina
• after the egg is completed it moves to the vagina
• stays in the vagina for a short time and is then expelled from the hens body
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One egg
• It takes 25-27 hours for a chicken to produce one egg
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Ovary
• In the chicken only the left ovary and oviduct function
• the ova produced in the ovary develop into egg yolks
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Reproductive Failures
• general physical condition of animal
• has an effect on the ability to reproduce
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Reproductive Failures
• too fat or too thin may not become pregnant
• proper nutrition and exercise can help prevent this
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Reproductive Failures
• animals in poor physical condition can have trouble giving birth
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Infections
• affect reproductive organs
• some may prevent pregnancy
• others may cause a spontaneous abortion - miscarriage
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Infections
• if animal does become pregnant it may deliver a weak animal which may not live
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Infection
• of uterus
• almost always fatal to embryo or fetus
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Hormones
• sexual behavior of animals is regulated by the secretion of hormones
• when not properly secreted the animal may not be able to reproduce
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Hormones
• sometimes animals are treated with injected hormones
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Cyst• swelling containing fluid or semi
solid substance
• may cause reproduction or breeding problems
• may be surgically removed depending on the value of the animal