reproduction & heredity
DESCRIPTION
Reproduction & Heredity. Stages of Reproduction. Fertilization~. Joining of an egg and a sperm in the fallopian tube. Embryo: A fertilized egg in the first 2 months. Fetus: From the 3 rd month on the embryo is called a fetus. Stages of Birth:. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Reproduction &
Heredity
Stages of Reproduction
Fertilization~
Joining of an egg and a sperm in the fallopian tube
Embryo:A fertilized egg in the first 2 months
Fetus:From the 3rd month on the embryo is called a fetus.
Stages of Birth:
1.Labor – mild contractions pushes the baby against the cervix
2. Birth – Baby pushes through the cervix and into the birth canal.
3. After birth – After the baby is delivered, the placenta separates and is delivered.
Identical Twins:
Twins developed from the same fertilized egg that splits.
Fraternal Twins:
Twins that develop at same time but from separate fertilized eggs.
Vaginal Birth:A natural birth of a baby..
Breech Birth:Feet or butt of a baby enters the birth canal first.
Cesarean Section (C section)~An incision is made in the abdomen and uterus in order to deliver the baby.
Anemia~
Low number of healthy red blood cells, insufficient iron. The baby takes iron to make red blood cells.
Toxemia~
The body retains toxic waste, can lead to weight gain and swollen feet.
If left untreated can lead to convulsions and coma.
Gestational Diabetes~
Occasionally a pregnant woman may temporarily develop diabetes, usually near the end of her pregnancy, can cause the baby to be big.
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Miscarriage~ Muscles in the uterus contract and force a nonliving embryo from the body, usually within the first 3 months.
Still Birth~ Occurs when a mother delivers a non living fetus after full term.
Incubator~ keeps a premature baby in a sterile environment and at a warm temperature until fully developed.
Premature Birth~ babies born before they are fully developed.
Birth Defects~Physical or mental disabilities that are present at birth.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders~ birth defects caused by alcohol consumptionduring pregnancy. This disability is 100% preventable!
Heredity:Chromosomes~ tiny threadlike structures that carry hereditary information from generation to generation.
Every cell contains 46 chromosomes, 23 from mother and 23 from father.
X Chromosomes = Female (XX)
Y Chromosomes = Male (XY)
Genes~ Chromosomes are divided into smaller units which contain instructions to help determine a certaincharacteristic of an individual.
DNA ~ makes upthe genes
Dominant Genes~ Person will show the trait coded for by the gene even if only one gene is present.
Recessive Genes~ Occurs only if a Dominant gene is not present. (ex…rolling your tongue)
Prenatal Diagnosis:
Amniocentesis~ test used by taking amniotic fluid from the mother.
Ultrasound~ Sound waves used to produce images of the fetus.