+ direct speech (“…….”) + reported speech (S+ …. )statement Say (that) …….

Tell +Ocommand Tell +O (not) + to Inf …..

AskOrderBegRequest

Yes/No Question

Wh-/H- Question

Ask (+O) +Whether/If+S+V …WonderWant to know

Ask (+O) +Wh-/H-+(S)+V …WonderWant to know

Question nhưng ý nghĩa để request/commandthường có dạng“ Would/Could/Will/Can/May/Might/Should you+V0…(please)?”

Tell +O (not) + to Inf …..AskOrderBegRequestĐB dang question, khi lam doi theo dang command

dạng khuyên “If I were you, I’d (not) …..” /“You’d better/had better/should/ought to+ Inf … "

Advise +O (+not)+ to inf ….

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“ I’d be very grateful if you …” d ạng đề nghị “Let’s+V0 ../Why don’t you/we+V0..?/How/What about+V-ing..?/Shall we+V0…?

Suggest+V-ing…Suggest that +S+(should)(not)+V0…

dạng ngỏ ý muốn làm gì đó giúp người khác“I’ll+V0…” (Để tôi … cho)

Offer + to inf ….

dạng hứa hẹn “I will+V0…”

Promise + to inf ….

dạng đồng ý“OK/Alright/Well/Fine. I will+V0…”

Agree + to inf …

dạng khước từ:“I won’t+V0…”

Refuse + to inf ….

dạng đe doạ:“I will V0…, if … ”

Threaten + To inf …. If …

dạng thú nhận“ I+V2/have+V3….”

Admit to + V-ing...Confess to

dạng khăng khăng đòi“ I will/want to inf …”

Insist on +V-ing …

dạng chúc“ câu chúc tụng!”

Wish (+O)+ a(n)+good/happy/great/wonderful/Adjnghĩa khen+N

dạng cảm ơn“ Thank you!/Thanks/Many

Thank+O+(for+V-ing/having+V3)

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thanks/Thanks a lot!”dạng chúc mừng“Congratulations!”

Congratulate +O+on+V-ing …

dạng xin lỗi:“I’m sorry ../What a pity!/It is a pity!”

Apologize (+to Sb)+ for +V-

ing/having+V3

Regret+V-ing/having+V3

dạng thu hút sự chú ý:“Excuse me!”

Get Sb’s attentionAttract

dạng khen ngợi:“ !”

Compliment on +st/V-ing

dạng chê, chỉ trích, phê bình:“ !”

Criticize for +st/V-ing

dạng nhắc nhở“Remember/Don’t forget…”

Remind +Sb+to inf / of sb/st/V-ing

dạng than phiền phàn nàn“ !”

Complain about +st/V-ing

dạng nhấn mạnh“ !”

Emphasize on/Put an emphasis on +st/V-ing

dạng ngăn cản Prevent/Stop +Sb+from+V-ing

dạng cảnh báo Warn +Sb+ of St/+from/against+V-

ing …dạng chào hỏi”say “hello!/Hi!/Good morning/…”

Greet+Sb

dạng tố cáo“You+V2/have+V3…”

Accuse +Sb+of+V-ing …

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- Các dạng bên dưới không có công thức rõ rệt nếu đọc thấy ý nghĩa như đã nêu thì đổi theo hướng dẫn.

- ĐỔI: thì, đại từ nhân xưng, Advtime, Advplace, this that, these, those khi cần thiết (khi Vmở

màn ở past)* các trh không lùi thì:

1) Vmở màn ở present2) a permanent truth3) a fact that is still true 4) Cond type 2, 3 & 3 pha 25) S+could/would/should/might +V0

6) V sau wish7) V sau as if/ as though8) Đôi khi thì past simple cũng không cần lùi nếu không cần thiết nhấn mạnh hđ đã XONG RỒI 9) Past perfect không lùi thì

* Các trường hợp không đổi Advplace (here, there, this, that, these, those) nếu khi thuật lại ma không gian, địa điểm KHÔNG ĐỔI so với lúc ban đầu

- khi thuật lai wish bị lùi thì nhưng V trong mđ wish không lùi thì.

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Exercise:1. He said, “Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night.” (WARN)…………………………………………………2. He said, “You should not drink too much beer.” (ADVISE)…………………………………………………3. “Come and see me whenever you want.” (INVITE)…………………………………………………4. She said, “Please don’t smoke in my car.” (ASK)…………………………………………………5. “Sue, give me your phone number,” (TELL)…………………………………………………6. She said, “Don’t forget to give the book back to Joe.” (REMIND)…………………………………………………7. “Alright, I’ll do it again.” (AGREE)…………………………………………………8. “I’ll never do it again.” (PROMISE)…………………………………………………9. “Please, lend me some money.” (PLEASE)…………………………………………………10. “ Keep quiet,” (TELL)…………………………………………………11. “We’ll come back again.” (PROMISE)…………………………………………………

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12. “You’d better not swim too far from the shore.” (ADVISE)…………………………………………………13. “Could you close the window?” (ASK)…………………………………………………14. “ You should join the football team, Eric,” (ENCOURAGE)…………………………………………………15. “ I’ll give it to him tomorrow,” (PROMISE) …………………………………………………16. “ I’d like Lan to become a doctor,” (WANT)…………………………………………………17. “Remember to lock the door before going to school,” (REMIND)…………………………………………………18. “ You should go home and rest for a while.” (ADVISE)…………………………………………………19. “ You stole the trophy.” (ACCUSE)…………………………………………………20. “ Happy New Year!” (WISH)…………………………………………………21. “ Liar!” said Peter to Jack. (CALL)…………………………………………………22. “Lets’ go for a walk,” (SUGGEST)…………………………………………………23. “ Why don’t we stay home for a change?” (SUGGEST)

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…………………………………………………24.” “Shall we go for a ride?” (RECOMMEND)…………………………………………………25. “ What about taking this risk?” (RECOMMEND…………………………………………………26. “I’ll kill your daughter if you don’t give ransom,” said the kidnapper to the woman. (THREATEN)…………………………………………………27. “I won’t go with you,” he said to John,” you always betray me,” (REFUSE)…………………………………………………28. “I’ll turn on the fan, Tina,” he said. (OFFER)…………………………………………………29. “ I want to speak to the manager now, where is the manager?” (INSIST)…………………………………………………30. “Congratulations !” he said to Naomi. (CONRATULATE)…………………………………………………31. “Thank you!” Susan said to Paul. (THANK)…………………………………………………32. “I saw you yesterday but you didn’t see me, Neyrritti,” said Jake. (SAY)…………………………………………………33. “ Where did you come from?” Neyrritti said to Jake

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…………………………………………………34. “Will you show me some cameras please ?” said the guest to her. (ASK)…………………………………………………35. “Would you mind not smoking in here?” (REQUEST)…………………………………………………36. “Would you like a cigarette?” he said, “No, thanks.” I said. (INVITE-DECLINE)…………………………………………………37. “ I’m sorry. I spoiled your carpet,” he said to the hostess. (APOLOGIZE)…………………………………………………38. “What a nice dress it is!” I said to her. (COMPLIMENT)…………………………………………………39. “ It is very bad of you to be careless about the documents, Anna,” said Steve. (CRITICIZE)…………………………………………………40. “ Excuse me! Don’t you know which way to go?” he said to them. (GET – ASK)…………………………………………………

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