report on mount polley tailings storage facility breach
TRANSCRIPT
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl `lj Rgvmgw [`lgi
Rgphrt hl Dhult [hiigy Z`mimlosVthr`og A`fmimty Brg`fn
E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07
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Fhpyrmont 2;07, [rhvmlfg ha Brmtmsn Fhiudbm`.
@ii rmonts rgsgrvgj.
Znms d`tgrm`i ms hwlgj by tng Ohvgrldglt ha Brmtmsn Fhiudbm` `lj prhtgftgj by fhpyrmont i`w.Mt d`y lht bg rgprhjufgj hr rgjmstrmbutgj wmtnhut tng prmhr wrmttgl pgrdmssmhl ha tng [rhvmlfg ha Brmtmsn Fhiudbm`.
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Rgphrt hl Dhult [hiigy Z`mimlos Vthr`og A`fmimty Brg`fn
Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt GlomlggrmloMlvgstmo`tmhl `lj Rgvmgw [`lgi
Z@BIG HA FHLZGLZV
Gxgfutmvg Vudd`ry
0 Mltrhjuftmhl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
2 _n`t Jmj Zng [`lgi Jh8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
6 Z`mimlos Vthr`og A`fmimty (ZVA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
: Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
7 [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07 7.0 Vura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07 7.2 Vubsura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.6 @jv`lfgj I`bhr`thry Vtujmgs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :2 7.: Jgsmol, Fhlstruftmhl lj Hpgr`tmhl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 7.7 Mlstrudglt`tmhl lj Dhlmthrmlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?> 7.1 _`tgr B`i`lfg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >2
1 @l`iysms ha Brg`fn Dgfn`lmfs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =;
? D`l`ogdglt [r`ftmfgs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000
> Rgoui`thry Hvgrsmont . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 002 >.0 Rhigs lj Rgsphlsmbmimtmgs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 002
>.2 Rgoui`thry Mltgr`ftmhls Rgi`tgj th D[DF ZVA . . . . . . . . . 00: >.6 [`lgi @ssgssdglt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 001
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Z@BIG HA FHLZGLZV fhltmlugj
= _ngrg Jh _g Oh Arhd Ngrg8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00>
0; Fhlfiusmhls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 067
00 Rgfhddglj`tmhls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06=
02 [hstsfrmpt `lj @fclhwigjogdglts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:0
06 Imst ha @bbrgvm`tmhls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:2
0: Oihss`ry ha Zgfnlmf`i Zgrds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:6
07 Fhiigftgj Zgfnlmf`i Rgagrglfgs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:1
@ppgljmfgs
@ppgljmx @5 Zgrds ha Rgagrglfg
@ppgljmx B5 Vupphrtmlo Mlahrd`tmhl
@ppgljmx F5 Vura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhl
@ppgljmx J5 Vubsura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhl
@ppgljmx G5 I`bhr`thry Zgstmlo `lj Rgsuits
@ppgljmx A5 Mlstrudglt`tmhl `lj Dhlmthrmlo
@ppgljmx O5 _`tgr B`i`lfg
@ppgljmx N5 Brg`fn @l`iysms
@ppgljmx M5 B.F. Z`mimlos J`d A`miurg Argquglfy `lj [hrtahimh Rmsc
@ppgljmx E5 F`rmbhh Rgomhl`i Jmstrmft Qmjgh
http://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_ahttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_bhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_chttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_dhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_ehttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_fhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_ghttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_hhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_ihttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_jhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_jhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_ihttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_hhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_ghttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_fhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_ehttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_dhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_chttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_bhttp://www.mountpolleyreviewpanel.ca/docs/appendix_a -
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07
G^GFWZMQG VWDD@R]
ZNG GDB@LCDGLZV
Znrgg fhltmouhus gdb`lcdglts fhlfflg tng Dhult [hiigy t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty (ZVA). Ha tngsg, tng [grmdgtgr
Gdb`lcdglt, wngrg tng brg`fn hffurrgj, w`s tng lhrtngrl `lc ha tng ZVA.
Zng gdb`lcdglts `rg fhdphsgj ha ` fhrg wmtn tng aulftmhl ha `ftmlo `s `l mdpgrvmhus gigdglt. Jhwlstrg`d ha
tng fhrg, ` ffitgr zhlg rgstr`mls d`tgrm`i ml tng fhrg arhd hutw`rj dmor`tmhl. Zng fhrg `lj ffitgr `rg tngl supphrtgj
by ` rhfcffii zhlg. Ml tng upstrg`d jmrgftmhl, tng fhrg ms supphrtgj by `l upstrg`d ffii zhlg fhdphsgj ha rhfcffii
`lj/hr t`mimlos.
ZNG BRG@FN
Zng brg fn hffurrgj wmtnml tng [grmdgtgr Gdb lcdglt. @t tng tmdg ha tng brg`fn, tng ZVA w`s pgrdmttgj uljgr tng
Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs, [grdmt D-2;;, wmtn `pprhv`i th r`msg tng frgst by 2.7 dgtrgs. Zng brg`fn hffurrgj g`riy
hl @uoust :, 2;0: `t ` frgst gigv`tmhl 0 dgtrg snhrt ha mts pgrdmttgj gigv`tmhl. Ihss ha fhlt`mldglt w`s sujjgl, wmtn
lh w`rlmlo. Zng rgfhrjgj phlj gigv`tmhl `t 156; pd hl @uoust 6, 2;0: w`s 2.6 dgtrgs bgihw tng frgst.
ZNG D@LJ@ZG
Ahiihwmlo tng brg`fn ha tng t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty `t tng Dhult [hiigy Dmlg, tng Ohvgrldglt ha Brmtmsn Fhiudbm`,
tnrhuon tng Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs, thogtngr wmtn tng _miim`ds I`cg Mljm`l B`lj `lj tng Vhj` Frggc Mljm`l
B`lj, gst`bimsngj `l mljgpgljglt gxpgrt mlvgstmo`tmhl `lj rgvmgw p`lgi (tng [`lgi) th mlvgstmo`tg `lj rgphrt hl tn`t
brg`fn. Zng [`lgi w`s rgqumrgj th subdmt ` ffl`i rgphrt th tng Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs `lj tng _miim`ds I`cg
Mljm`l B`lj `lj tng Vhj` Frggc Mljm`l B`lj hl hr bgahrg E`lu`ry 60, 2;07.
Zng purphsg ha tng mlvgstmo tmhl n`s bggl s ahiihws5
Zh mlvgstmo`tg `lj rgphrt hl tng f`usg ha tng a`miurg ha tng t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty tn`t hffurrgj hl@uoust :, 2;0: `t tng Dhult [hiigy Dmlg (tng Dmlg) ml B.F.
Ml `jjmtmhl, tng [`lgi d`y d`cg rgfhddglj`tmhls th ohvgrldglt hl ftmhls tn`t fhuij bg t`cgl thglsurg tn`t ` smdmi`r a`miurg jhgs lht hffur `t htngr dmlg smtgs ml B.F.
Zng [`lgi ms `utnhrmzgj, `s p`rt ha mts mlvgstmo`tmhls `lj rgphrt, th fhddglt hl wn`t `ftmhls fhuij n`vgbggl t`cgl th prgvglt tnms a`miurg `lj th mjgltmay pr`ftmfgs hr suffgssgs ml htngr eurmsjmftmhls tn`t fhuij
bg fhlsmjgrgj ahr mdpigdglt`tmhl ml B.F.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07mm
Aurtngr, mt w`s gxpgftgj tn`t tng [`lgi whuij5
Mjgltmay `ly dgfn`lmsd(s) ha a`miurg ha tng t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty. Mjgltmay `ly tgfnlmf`i, d`l`ogdglt hr htngr pr`ftmfgs tn`t d`y n`vg gl`bigj hr fhltrmbutgj th tng
dgfn`lmsd(s) ha a`miurg. Znms d`y mlfiujg `l mljgpgljglt rgvmgw ha tng jgsmol, fhlstruftmhl, hpgr`tmhl,
d`mltgl`lfg, survgmii`lfg `lj rgoui`tmhl ha tng t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty.
Mjgltmay `ly fn`logs tn`t fhuij bg fhlsmjgrgj th rgjufg tng phtgltm`i ahr auturg sufn hffurrglfgs.
[@LGI @FZMQMZMGV Zng [`lgi bgo`l mts mlqumry wmtn duitmpig nyphtngsgs ahr a`miurg5
Nud`l mltgrvgltmhl Hvgrthppmlo
[mpmlo lj fr`fcmlo Ahulj`tmhl a`miurg
Zng [`lgi ahulj lh gvmjglfg ha a`miurg jug th gmtngr nud`l mltgrvgltmhl hr a`miurg jug th hvgrthppmlo,
lhtwmtnst`ljmlo tng a`ft tn`t `l gpmshjg ha hvgrthppmlo hvgr phrtmhls ha tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt hffurrgj
ml D`y 2;0:. Zng qugstmhl ha pmpmlo `lj fr`fcmlo, wnmfn ms ` fhddhl f`usg ha a`miurg ha g`rtn j`ds, rgfgmvgj
fhrrgsphljmlo `ttgltmhl. @itnhuon a`fthrs ha fhlfgrl wgrg mjgltmffgj by tng [`lgi, mt jmj lht fflj gvmjglfg tn`t
pmpmlo `lj/hr fr`fcmlo f`usgj tng brg`fn.
Znms rgjufgj tng ahfus ha tng [`lgi th a`miurg ml tng ahulj`tmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglt. Qmsu`i gvmjglfg ha bhjmiy hutw`rj
jmspi`fgdglt `lj rht`tmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglt rgdl`lts wgrg fhlsmstglt wmtn ahulj`tmhl a`miurg. @ ahulj`tmhl f`l
bg wg`c `lj a`mi ml ` ludbgr ha w`ys. Hlg ms tng prgsglfg ha ` wg`c i`ygr tn`t n`j bggl uljgtgftgj jurmlo jgsmol.
@lhtngr ms tng prgsglfg ha ` brmttig str`tud tn`t ihsgs strglotn `s mt fhdgs uljgr ih`j `lj bgfhdgs thh wg`c th
supphrt tng ih`j `ppimgj by tng gdb`lcdglt `lj ZVA fhltglts, sh tn`t a`miurg glsugs. ]gt `lhtngr phssmbmimty ms tng
prgsglfg ha ` i`ygr tn`t ms fhdprgssmbig uljgr tng `ppimgj ih`j `lj, wngl strgssgj, jgvgihps nmon phrg prgssurg tn`trgsuits ml wg`cglmlo ha `l htngrwmsg dufn strhlogr d`tgrm`i. Znms ms tgrdgj uljr`mlgj a`miurg. Mt w`s tng hbegft ha tng
smtg stujmgs uljgrt`cgl by tng [`lgi th jgtgrdmlg wnmfn ha tngsg ahulj`tmhl a`miurg dgfn`lmsds prgv`migj.
G^GFWZMQG VWDD@R]
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 m
Zng [`lgi uljgrthhc fhdprgnglsmvg Vura`fg Mlvgstmo tmhls tn`t prhvmjgj jgt`migj, hbsgrv`big mlahrd tmhl hl tng
simjmlo dgfn`lmsd tn`t n`j hffurrgj. @ fn`iiglomlo `lj fhdpigx Vubsura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhl w`s `ish uljgrt`cgl,
p`rtiy ml fhii`bhr`tmhl wmtn tng smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl prhor`d mlmtm`tgj by tng bhtn tng Dmlgs Mlspgfthr `lj Dhult
[hiigy Dmlmlo Fhrphr`tmhl (D[DF), `lj ml `jjmtmhl, by tng [`lgi `ihlg.
Zng Vubsura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhl w`s p`rtmfui`riy v`iu`big ml jgfflmlo tng fhltrhiimlo str`tmor`pny ml tng brg`fn `rg`
`lj mjgltmaymlo tn`t tng a`miurg hffurrgj ml ` oi`fmhi`fustrmlg i`ygr, f`iigj Wppgr OIW. Lh mljmf`tmhl ha prg-sng`rmlo
hr tng prgsglfg ha d`rcgjiy str`ml-wg`cglmlo d`tgrm`is w`s jgtgftgj, ig`vmlo uljr`mlgj a`miurg ml tng Wppgr OIW
`s tng hliy vm`big nyphtngsms. Zng typg `lj gxtglt ha prg-a`miurg smtg mlvgstmo`tmhls wgrg lht sustfmglt th jgtgft tnmsstr`tud hr th mjgltmay mts frmtmf`i l`turg. Zng [`lgis Vubsura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhl w`s strufturgj th hbt`ml uljmsruptgj
s`dpigs ha tng Wppgr OIW `lj subsgqugltiy jgtgrdmlg mts prhpgrtmgs.
Zng Wppgr OIW w`s ahulj th bg prgfhlshimj`tgj prmhr th gdb`lcdglt fhlstruftmhl, but bgf`dg lhrd`iiy
fhlshimj`tgj uljgr tng ih`js `ppimgj by fhlstruftmhl ha tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt. Zn`t ms, mt n`j gxpgrmglfgj
prmhr fhlshimj`tmhl `lj strglotnglmlo uljgr ih`js ml mts oghihomf`i p`st, but lht uljgr tng ih`js `sshfm`tgj
wmtn tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt, wnmfn frg`tgj tng lhrd`iiy fhlshimj`tgj st`tg. Wljgr tngsg fhljmtmhls, tng
Wppgr OIW w`s fhdprgssmbig `lj susfgptmbig th uljr`mlgj a`miurg. Znms fhljmtmhl n`j lht bggl rgfholmzgj ml
tng jgsmol ha tng ZVA.
I`bhr`thry tgsts wgrg pgrahrdgj th jgtgrdmlg tng uljr`mlgj strglotn ha tng Wppgr OIW `lj tngsg p`r`dgtgrs
wgrg utmimzgj ml fhdputgr `l`iysgs th f`ifui`tg wngtngr a`miurg snhuij n`vg hffurrgj uljgr tng `ppimgj ih`j. Zng
rgsuits wgrg fhlffrd`thry.
G^GFWZMQG VWDD@R]
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07mv
FHLFIWVMHLV
Zng [`lgi fhlfiujgj tn`t tng jhdml`lt fhltrmbutmhl th tng a`miurg rgsmjgs ml tng jgsmol. Zng jgsmol jmj lht t cg mlth
`ffhult tng fhdpigxmty ha tng sub-oi`fm`i `lj prg-oi`fm`i oghihomf`i glvmrhldglt `sshfm`tgj wmtn tng [grmdgtgr
Gdb`lcdglt ahulj`tmhl. @s ` rgsuit, ahulj`tmhl mlvgstmo`tmhls `lj `sshfm`tgj smtg fn`r`ftgrmz`tmhl a`migj th mjgltmay
` fhltmluhus OIW i`ygr ml tng vmfmlmty ha tng brg`fn `lj th rgfholmzg tn`t mt w`s susfgptmbig th uljr`mlgj a`miurg
wngl subegft th tng strgssgs `sshfm`tgj wmtn tng gdb`lcdglt.
Zng spgfmfffs ha tng a`miurg wgrg trmoogrgj by tng fhlstruftmhl ha tng jhwlstrg d rhfcffii zhlg `t ` stggp sihpg ha
0.6 nhrmzhlt`i th 0.; vgrtmf`i. N`j tng jhwlstrg`d sihpg ml rgfglt yg`rs bggl `ttglgj th 2.; nhrmzhlt`i th 0.; vgrtmf`i,
`s prhphsgj ml tng hrmoml`i jgsmol, a`miurg whuij n`vg bggl `vhmjgj. Zng sihpg w`s hl tng w`y th bgmlo `ttglgj
th dggt mts uitmd`tg jgsmol frmtgrm` `t tng tmdg ha tng mlfmjglt.
RGOWI@ZHR] HQGRVMONZ
Zng [`lgi rgvmgwgj tng rhigs `lj rgsphlsmbmimtmgs ha tng B.F. Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs (tng Rgoui`thr) `lj mts
mltgr`ftmhls rgi`tgj th tng D[DF ZVA. Zng [`lgi ahulj tn`t mlspgftmhls ha tng ZVA whuij lht n`vg prgvgltgj a`miurg
`lj tn`t tng rgoui`thry st` `rg wgii qu`imffgj th pgrahrd tngmr rgsphlsmbmimtmgs. Zng [`lgi ahulj tn`t tng pgrahrd`lfg
ha tng Rgoui`thr w`s s gxpgftgj.
ZNG AWZWRG
Zng [`lgi n`s gx`dmlgj tng nmsthrmf`i rmsc prhffig ha tng furrglt phrtahimh ha t`mimlos j`ds ml B.F. `lj fhlfiujgj tn`t
tng auturg rgqumrgs lht hliy `l mdprhvgj `jhptmhl ha bgst `ppimf`big pr`ftmfgs (B@[), but `ish ` dmor`tmhl th bgst
`v`mi`big tgfnlhihoy (B@Z). Gx`dpigs ha B@Z `rg ffitgrgj, uls`tur`tgj, fhdp`ftgj t`mimlos `lj rgjuftmhl ml tng usg ha
w`tgr fhvgrs ml ` fihsurg sgttmlo. Gx`dpigs ha B@[ bg`r hl mdprhvgdglts ml fhrphr`tg jgsmol rgsphlsmbmimtmgs, `lj
`jhptmhl ha Mljgpgljglt Z`mimlos Rgvmgw Bh`rjs. Vpgfmfff rgfhddglj`tmhls `rg d`jg ml tng bhjy ha tng rgphrt.
G^GFWZMQG VWDD@R]
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 0
0 | Mltrhjuftmhl
Ahiihwmlo tng brg`fn ha tng t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty `t tng Dhult [hiigy Dmlg hl @uoust :, 2;0:, tng Ohvgrldglt ha
Brmtmsn Fhiudbm`, tnrhuon tng Dmlmstgr ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs, thogtngr wmtn tng _miim`ds I`cg Mljm`l B`lj `lj tng
Vhj` Frggc Mljm`l B`lj, gst`bimsngj `l mljgpgljglt gxpgrt glomlggrmlo mlvgstmo`tmhl `lj rgvmgw p`lgi (tng [`lgi)
th mlvgstmo`tg `lj rgphrt hl tn`t brg`fn.
0.0 [WR[HVG HA ZNG [@LGI
Zng purphsg ha tng [`lgi ms `s ahiihws5
Zh mlvgstmo`tg mlth lj rgphrt hl tng f`usg ha tng a`miurg ha tng t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty (ZVA) tn`thffurrgj hl @uoust :, 2;0: `t tng Dhult [hiigy Dmlg (tng Dmlg) ml B.F.
Ml `jjmtmhl, tng [`lgi d`y d`cg rgfhddglj`tmhls th ohvgrldglt hl ftmhls tn`t fhuij bg t`cgl thglsurg tn`t ` smdmi`r a`miurg jhgs lht hffur `t htngr dmlg smtgs ml B.F.
Zng [`lgi ms `utnhrmzgj, `s p`rt ha mts mlvgstmo`tmhl `lj rgphrt, th fhddglt hl wn`t `ftmhls fhuij n`vgbggl t`cgl th prgvglt tnms a`miurg `lj th mjgltmay pr`ftmfgs hr suffgssgs ml htngr eurmsjmftmhls tn`t fhuij
bg fhlsmjgrgj ahr mdpigdglt`tmhl ml B.F.
Wljgr mts Zgrds ha Rgagrglfg, mt ms gxpgftgj tn`t tng [`lgi wmii5
Mjgltmay `ly dgfn`lmsd(s) ha a`miurg ha tng ZVA.
Mjgltmay `ly tgfnlmf`i, d`l`ogdglt hr htngr pr`ftmfgs tn`t d`y n`vg gl`bigj hr fhltrmbutgj th tngdgfn`lmsd(s) ha a`miurg. Znms d`y mlfiujg `l mljgpgljglt rgvmgw ha tng jgsmol, fhlstruftmhl, hpgr`tmhl,
d`mltgl`lfg, survgmii`lfg `lj rgoui`tmhl ha tng ZVA.
Mjgltmay `ly fn`logs tn`t fhuij bg fhlsmjgrgj th rgjufg tng phtgltm`i ahr auturg sufn hffurrglfgs.
0.2 [@LGI DGDBGRV
Zng dgdbgrs ha tng [`lgi `rg5
Jr. Lhrbgrt R. Dhroglstgrl (Fn`mr), FD, @HG, ARVF, AF@G, [n.J., [.Glo. Dr. Vtgvgl O. Qmfc, D.Vf., [.G. Jr. Jmrc Q`l Uyi, [n.J., [.G., [.Glo.
Zng jgt`migj Zgrds ha Rgagrglfg rg mlfiujgj `s @ppgljmx @.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;072
2 | _n`t Jmj tng [`lgi Jh8
2.0 [@LGI @FZMQMZMGV
Ml aurtngr`lfg ha mts d`lj`tg, tng [`lgi uljgrthhc tng ahiihwmlo5
Mt rgt`mlgj Znurbgr Glomlggrmlo Itj. (Znurbgr) th fhljuft ffgij mlvgstmo`tmhls, j`t` fhdpmi`tmhl,i`bhr`thry tgstmlo, `lj `l`iysgs. @ii ha tnms whrc prhfggjgj uljgr tng jmrgftmhl ha tng [`lgi.
Mt `ssgdbigj `lj mlspgftgj rgi`tgj jhfudglts ml tng ffigs ha tng Dmlg, mts fhlsuit`lts wnh n`vg `ftgj`s tng Glomlggr ha Rgfhrj (GHR), `lj tng Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs (DGD).
Mt shimfmtgj `lj fhiigftgj rgigv`lt mlahrd`tmhl arhd tng pubimf `t i`rog.
Mt fhljuftgj ` ludbgr ha pgrshl`i mltgrvmgws th fi`rmay mlahrd`tmhl rgfhrjgj ml jhfudglts. Mt fhlvglgj rgoui`r ahrd`i dggtmlos wmtn rgfhrjgj dmlutgs. Mt mltgrprgtgj `ii ha tng `bhvg th `rrmvg `t fhlfiusmhls `lj rgfhddglj`tmhls.
2.2 VW[[HRZMLO MLAHRD@ZMHL
@s jmrgftgj by tng Zgrds ha Rgagrglfg, tng [`lgi n`s prhvmjgj tnms ffl`i rgphrt, `ihlo wmtn tng ppgljmfgs, th tngDmlmstgr ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs, tng _miim`ds I`cg Mljm`l B`lj `lj tng Vhj` Frggc Mljm`l B`lj. Zng b`fcorhuljrgphrts `lj mlahrd`tmhl usgj by tng [`lgi ahr tng prgp`r`tmhl ha tnms rgphrt wgrg `ish d`jg `v`mi`big th tngsgp`rtmgs tnrhuon `l hlimlg j`t` rhhd. Zng [`lgi fhlsmjgrs tng supphrtmlo mlahrd`tmhl `lj subst`ltm`tmlo
jhfudglt`tmhl th bg `l mltgor`i p`rt ha mts rgphrt tn`t ms lgfgss`ry ahr ` prhpgr uljgrst`ljmlo ha mts ffljmlos. Zng B.F. Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs `lj Dmlmstry ha Glvmrhldglt, Fhlsgrv`tmhl Hstfgr Vgrvmfgs, n`vgjmrgftgj tng [`lgi th wmtnnhij shdg ha tng jhfudglts, `lj rgj`ft phrtmhls ha htngr jhfudglts, sh tn`ttng [`lgis mlqumry jhgs lht fhdprhdmsg `ly htngr mlvgstmo`tmhls `lj th glsurg mt ms ml fhdpim`lfg wmtn tngprmv`fy prhtgftmhl prhvmsmhls haArggjhd ha Mlahrd`tmhl `lj [rhtgftmhl ha [rmv`fy @ft (AM[[@) (sgg @ppgljmx @). Zng rgj`ftmhl ha pgrshl`i mlahrd`tmhl w`s fhdpigtgj by Vn`rgj Vgrvmfgs BF. @s ` rgsuit, tngsg jhfudglts,wnmfn d`y n`vg bggl fmtgj ml tnms rgphrt `rg lht `v`mi`big `t tnms tmdg.
Zng b`fcorhulj mlahrd`tmhl w`s prhvmjgj th tng [`lgi by d`ly jm grglt shurfgs. @ppgljmx B fhlt`mlsaurtngr jgt`mis hl b`fcorhulj rgphrts `lj mlahrd`tmhl, `lj nhw tngsg wgrg hro`lmzgj `lj prhvmjgj th tng
Dmlmstgr ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs, tng _miim`ds I`cg Mljm`l B`lj `lj tng Vhj` Frggc Mljm`l B`lj._mtnml tng tgxt ha tng rgphrt lj `ppgljmfgs, spgfmfff jhfudglts rg rgagrglfgj by l gljlhtg, wnmfn fhlt`mlstng jhfudglt ludbgr s mt rgi`tgs th wngrg mt f`l bg ahulj ml tng j`t` rhhd. Vgg @ppgljmx B ahr dhrg jgt`mis.
@jjmtmhl`i tgfnlmf`i rgagrglfgs `rg `ish fmtgj by gljlhtg jmrgftiy wmtnml tng bhjy ha tnms rgphrt. Gljlhtgs f`l bgahulj t glj ha g`fn sgftmhl ha tng rgphrt. Zng fhiigftgj tgfnlmf`i rgagrglfgs f`l bg ahulj t tng glj ha tng rgphrt.
Zng hbsgrv`tmhls ha tng [`lgi `rg supphrtgj by rgagrglfgj jhfudglts wngrg phssmbig. Zng ffljmlos ha tng[`lgi `rg hutimlgj ml tng sgftmhls ha tng rgphrt tn`t ahiihw. Fhlfiusmhls `lj rgfhddglj`tmhls `rg prgsgltgjml jgt`mi `t tng glj ha tng rgphrt.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 6
6.0 JGVFRM[ZMHL HA ZVA
Dhult [hiigy Dmlmlo Fhrphr`tmhl (D[DF) hpgr`tgs tng Dmlg, `lj tng Brmtmsn Fhiudbm` Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `ljDmlgs (DGD) ms tng Rgoui`thr. Arhd tng ffrst `pprhvgj `lj fhlstruftgj phrtmhl ha tng ZVA, ml 0==7, th g`riy2;00, Clmont [mshij (C[) w`s tng Glomlggr ha Rgfhrj (GHR). Vubsgqugltiy, @DGF `ssudgj tng rgsphlsmbmimty`s GHR `lj n`j tn`t rhig `t tng tmdg ha tng brg`fn. BOF wgrg th `ssudg tn`t rgsphlsmbmimty `atgr tng 2;0:fhlstruftmhl sg`shl.
Amourg 6.0.0 ms ` pi`l ha tng ZVA `j`ptgj arhd tng i`st @s-Bumit Fhlstruftmhl Rgphrt. 0 Mt mljmf`tgs tn`t tng ZVAw`s fhdphsgj ha tnrgg gdb`lcdglts5 tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt, tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt, `lj tng VhutnGdb`lcdglt. Zng ZVA ms fihsgj th tng wgst by rmsmlo l`tur`i orhulj. Zng ffourg `ish mljmf`tgs tng ihf`tmhlha mlstrudgltgj fhltrhi sgftmhls utmimzgj by tng suffgssmhl ha GHRs. Zng brg`fn hffurrgj ml tng [grmdgtgr
Gdb`lcdglt lg`r Vgftmhl O.
6 | Z`mimlos Vthr`og A`fmimty (ZVA)
AMOWRG 6.0.05 Z@MIMLOV VZHR@OG A@FMIMZ] [I@L
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07:
6 | Z`mimlos Vthr`og A`fmimty (ZVA)
6.2 FHLVZRWFZMHL HA ZVA @LJ [HLJ GIGQ@ZMHL
Zng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt `lj tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt wgrg tng ffrst th oh mlth fhlstruftmhl, wmtn tng Vt`rtgr J`d
fhdpigtgj ml 0==1. Zng Vhutn Gdb`lcdglt ahiihwgj ml i`tgr yg`rs. Amourgs 6.2.0 `lj 6.2.2 prgsglt tng sgftmhls
ha tng D`ml `lj [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglts `t tng glj ha tng 2;06 fhlstruftmhl sg`shl. Amourg 6.2.0 ms ahr tng D`ml
Gdb`lcdglt `t Vgftmhl @, `pprhxmd`tgiy tng nmongst sgftmhl. Amourg 6.2.2 ms ahr tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt `lj
rgprgsglts tng fihsgst mlstrudgltgj sgftmhl (Vgftmhl J) th tng brg`fn zhlg `t tng tmdg ha a`miurg.
=0;=07=2;
=27=6;=67=:;=:7=7;=77=1;=17=?; VGZZMLO HWZ IMLG
;-2; 2; 1;:; >; 0;; 02; 0:;-:;
AMOWRG 6.2.05 D@ML GDB@LCDGLZ @Z VGFZMHL @
=0;=07=2;=27=6;=67=:;=:7=7;=77=1;=17=?; VGZZMLO HWZ IMLG
;-2; 2; 1;:; >; 0;; 02; 0:;-:;
AMOWRG 6.2.25 [GRMDGZGR GDB@LCDGLZ @Z VGFZMHL J
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 7
6 | Z`mimlos Vthr`og A`fmimty (ZVA)
Zng nmsthry ha tng fhlstruftmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglts ms sudd`rmzgj ml Amourg 6.2.6, wnmfn mljmf`tgs g`fn st`og
ha j`d r`msmlo up th tng hffurrglfg ha tng brg`fn. Zng Vt`rtgr J`d ahr tng gdb`lcdglt w`s fhlstruftgj ml 0==1
th ` frgst gigv`tmhl ha =2?.; dgtrgs (d). Zng gdb`lcdglts wgrg subsgqugltiy r`msgj thogtngr ml st`ogs `s snhwl.
Fhlstruftmhl ha tng Vt`og = r`msg arhd `pprhxmd`tgiy gigv`tmhl (Gi.) =1?.7 d th Gi. =?;.; d w`s st`rtgj `t tng glj
ha @prmi 2;0:. Ahiihwmlo fhdpigtmhl ha Vt`og =, Vt`og 0; w`s pi`llgj th r`msg tng frgst th Gi. =?2.7 d, wnmfn whuij
n`vg prhvmjgj jgqu`tg sthr`og th tng glj ha Vgptgdbgr 2;07. Vt`og 0; w`s uljgr rgvmgw ahr pprhv`i t tng tmdg
ha tng brg`fn.
AMOWRG 6.2.65 DHWLZ [HIIG] ZVA @LJ UHLG F VNGII ZH[ GIGQ@ZMHLV QGRVWV ZMDG
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;071
6.6 [HLJ GIGQ@ZMHL @Z ZMDG HA BRG@FN
@t tng tmdg ha tng brg`fn, tng ZVA w`s pgrdmttgj uljgr DGD [grdmt
D-2;; wmtn pprhv`i th r`msg tng frgst th Gi. =?; d. Zng brg`fn hffurrgj
g`riy hl @uoust :, 2;0: `t ` fhrg gigv`tmhl ha Gi. =1=.0 d. Ihss ha
fhlt`mldglt w`s sujjgl, wmtn lh mjgltmffgj prgfurshrs. Zng rgfhrjgj
phlj gigv`tmhl `t 156; pd hl @uoust 6, 2;0: w`s Gi. =11.>6 d.
GLJLHZG
0) D[;;;: :
6 | Z`mimlos Vthr`og A`fmimty (ZVA)
Ihss ha fhlt`mldglt
w`s sujjgl, wmtn lh mjgltmffgj
prgfurshrs.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 ?
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
:.0 FI@VVMAMF@ZMHL HA J@D A@MIWRG
Zng ahiihwmlo jmrgftmhl i fhlvgltmhls `rg `jhptgj tnrhuonhut, wmtn tng j`d `s tng ar`dg ha rgagrglfg5
Wpstrg`d thw`rj tng mdphuljdglt mltgrmhr Jhwlstrg`d `w`y arhd tng mdphuljdglt mltgrmhr
Rmont th tng rmont, ihhcmlo jhwlstrg`d
Igat th tng igat, ihhcmlo jhwlstrg d
Amourg :.0.0 snhws ` smdpimffgj frhss-sgftmhl ha tng j`d. Mt ms fhlstruftgj ha bhtn g`rtn `lj rhfcffii `lj
whuij bg fi`ssmffgj `s ` zhlgj g`rtn `lj rhfcffii j`d. Zng spgfmfff zhlgs `rg5
W Uhlg Wpstrg`d ffii F Uhlg Rhfcffii V Uhlg Zmii fhrg A Uhlg Amitgr Z Uhlg Zr`lsmtmhl
F
W
V
W
V F
A Z
AMOWRG :.0.05 VMD[IMAMGJ FRHVV VGFZMHL HA ZNG DHWLZ [HIIG] J@D
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07>
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
Zng mdpgrvmhus gigdglt ha tng j`d ms tng tmii fhrg (Uhlg V), fhdphsgj ha oi`fm`i jgphsmts (tmii) gxf`v`tgj
arhd sgigftgj bhrrhw `rg`s. Zng juty ha tng rhfcffii zhlg (Uhlg F) ms th supphrt tng fhrg, wmtnhut wnmfn
tng fhrg whuij lht bg st`big. _ngl sggp`og hws tnrhuon tng fhrg hr ma mt bgf`dg fr`fcgj, mts rgi`tmvgiy
fflg-or`mlgj d`tgrm`i dmont grhjg mlth tng rhfcffii. Zng juty ha tng ffitgr (Uhlg A) `lj tr`lsmtmhl (Uhlg Z)
ms th fhiigft `ly sggp`og fhdmlo tnrhuon tng fhrg `lj th prgvglt fflgs arhd dmor`tmlo hut ha mt. Uhlg Z
ms ` tr`lsmtmhl th Uhlg F `lj mt ms mltgljgj th sthp dmor`tmhl ha ffitgr d`tgrm`i mlth Uhlg F. _nmig Uhlg F ms
shdgwn`t fhdp`ftgj th mdprhvg mts jglsmty, tnms ms lht sustfmglt th prgfiujg dmor`tmhl ha Uhlg A mlth Uhlg F.Nglfg, ` tr`lsmtmhl Uhlg Z ms lggjgj.
Uhlg W ms fhdphsgj gmtngr ha t`mimlos hr rhfcffii ma t`mimlos bg`fn d`tgrm`i f`llht bg jgimvgrgj ml tmdg. Mt snhuij
bg lhtgj tn`t tng fhrg ha tng j`d ms mlfimlgj simontiy ml `l upstrg`d jmrgftmhl. Znms fhlffour`tmhl ms clhwl `s
dhjmffgj fgltrgimlg fhlstruftmhl. Uhlg W prhvmjgs supphrt hl tng upstrg`d smjg ha tng fhrg. Mt `ish n`s htngr
aulftmhls sufn `s cggpmlo fig`r w`tgr `w`y arhd tng fhrg. Uhlg W t`mimlos whuij tglj th dmor`tg mlth `lj ffii
`ly fr`fcs tn`t dmont jgvgihp ml tng fhrg, prgsgrvmlo mts aulftmhl.
:.2 [HZGLZM@I A@MIWRG DHJGV
@ssgssmlo phtgltm`i a`miurg dhjgs snhuij bg fhlsmstglt wmtn tng fn`r`ftgrmstmfs ha tng brg`fn3 mt w`s rgi`tmvgiy
sujjgl `lj wmtn lh `pp`rglt w`rlmlo. Ml `jjmtmhl, by hutw`rj fhdp`rmshl, tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt
`ppg`rs igss vuilgr`big tn`l tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt jgsmol sgftmhl
(Amourg 6.2.0). Zng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt ms nmongr, ms jgsmolgj hl tng
s`dg prmlfmpigs `s tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt, `lj Uhlg W n`s ` igss
jgvgihpgj bg`fn. Dhrghvgr, by tng tmdg ha tng brg`fn, sd`ii dhvgdglts
n`j prgvmhusiy bggl jgtgftgj ml tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt ahulj`tmhl,
`lj tngy wgrg bgmlo d`l`ogj by jgsmol `lj fhlstruftmhl fn`logs
ml rgsphlsg th hbsgrv`tmhls. Zng [`lgi fhlfiujgj tn`t, ml hrjgr th`ffhult ahr sufn `l `brupt gvglt ml tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt, ihf`i
ag`turgs imcgiy prgv`migj.
Zng [`lgi fhlfiujgj tn`t, ml
hrjgr th `ffhult ahr sufn `l
`brupt gvglt ml tng [grmdgtgr
Gdb`lcdglt, ihf`i ag`turgs
imcgiy prgv`migj.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 =
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
:.6 AHWR FI@VVGV HA A@MIWRG DGFN@LMVDV FHLVMJGRGJ
B`sgj hl tng gxpgrmglfg ha tng [`lgi wmtn bhtn w`tgr `lj t`mimlos j`ds, tng [`lgi jgtgrdmlgj tn`t tngahiihwmlo ahur fi`ssgs ha a`miurg dgfn`lmsds rgqumrgj fhlsmjgr`tmhl5
Nud`l mltgrvgltmhl Hvgrthppmlo [mpmlo lj fr`fcmlo Ahulj`tmhl a`miurg
Bgahrg fhlsmjgrmlo g`fn ml turl, mt ms lgfgss`ry th uljgrst`lj tng tmdgimlg ha `ftmvmtmgs `t tng smtg prmhr th tng a`miurg. Zng tmdgimlg fhlstruftgj arhd fhlstruftmhl lj pgrshl i rgphrts ms prgsgltgj ml Z`big :.6.0 . Zng brg`fn sgftmhl
gxtgljs pprhxmd`tgiy arhd survgy st`tmhl (Vt`.) :+2;; th :+6;;. (rgagr th Amourg 6.0.0). Cgy hbsgrv`tmhls `rg5
I`st fhlstruftmhl gljmlo `t 156; pd, @uoust 6, 2;0: Vmtg hbsgrv`tmhl mljmf`tmlo lh mssugs `t 0;56; pd, @uoust 6, 2;0: Hpgr`tmhls `t pgrmdgtgr sggp`og phlj, lh mssugs `t 005:7 pd, @uoust 6, 2;0: [grmdgtgr sggp`og phlj w`tgr uftu`tmhl bgomllmlo `t 025:7 `d, @uoust :, 2;0: [hwgr ihst (imcgiy jug th brg`fn) `t 0507 `d, @uoust :, 2;0: Brg`fn mjgltmffgj `t 25;7 `d, @uoust :, 2;0:
Z@BIG :.6.05 ZMDGIM LG HA GQGLZV @LJ @FZMQMZMGV @Z BRG@FN VGFZMHL @LJ @JE@FGLZ @RG@V
J@ZG @FZMQMZ] [HLJ Gi. VHWRFG
?/0; Uhlg A (ffitgr) trglfnmlo arhd :+6;; th :+?7;, Gi. =1?.; =11.77 Fhlstruftmhl J`miy Rgphrt (D[DF)
?/0: Uhlg V (tmii) pi fgdglt arhd :+6;7 th :+=27, Gi. =1>.7 =11.77 Fhlstruftmhl J`miy Rgphrt 0
?/07Uhlg V (tmii) pi`fgdglt arhd 6+=>; th :+6;7, Gi. =1>.7
Uhlg V (tmii) pi`fgdglt arhd :+:2; th :+??;, Gi. =1>.>
=11.77 Fhlstruftmhl J`miy Rgphrt 0 *
?/01
Uhlg V (tmii) pi`fgdglt arhd 6+==; th :+?1> K Gi. =1>.7(fhdpigtgj th [G pmpg) m
Uhlg V (tmii) pi`fgdglt arhd :+6=7 th :+?7? K Gi. =1>.>
=11.76 Fhlstruftmhl J miy Rgphrt 0 *
?/0?Uhlg V (tmii) pi`fgdglt arhd 6+==7 th :+6=7 K Gi. =1=.0(fhdpigtgj th [G pmpg)
=11.1; Fhlstruftmhl J miy Rgphrt 0 *
?/2:Uhlg F (rhfc) pi`fgdglt arhd :+727 th :+17;, Gi. =1>.> =11.1> Fhlstruftmhl J`miy Rgphrt 0 *
Gxtrgdg r`mla`ii, [grmdgtgr hvgrhwmlomm ZVA Ig`jn`lj Rgphrt
?/27
Uhlg F (rhfc) pi`fgdglt arhd :+667 th :+727, Gi. =1>.> =11.?6 Fhlstruftmhl J`miy Rgphrt 0*
[grmdgtgr stmii ml Rgj wmtn `ii pudps rullmlo, hliy 0.? dgtrgs igat mlpgrmdgtgr hvgrhw
ZVA Ig`jn`lj Rgphrt 2
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;070;
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
J@ZG @FZMQMZ] [HLJ Gi. VHWRFG
?/21
[grmdgtgr ngij K 1 hl sf`ig `ii j`y but stmii hvgrhwmlo
Zmii pmt igvgi wglt up 2; fd hvgrlmont
Rgtrmgvgj pmgzh bgihw fhrlgr 0
ZVA Ig`jn`lj Rgphrt 2
?/2> Uhlg F (rhfc) pi`fgdglt arhd :+0>; th :+667, Gi. =1>.> =11.?; Fhlstruftmhl J`miy Rgphrt 0*
>/;0Uhlg F (rhfc) pi`fgdglt (or`jmlo jhwl lg`r Fhrlgr 0), Gi. =1=.;
R`msmlo ha [G pmpg ml tng F zhlg
=11.>; Fhlstruftmhl J miy Rgphrt 0*
I`st pi`fgdglt ha Uhlg F (rhfc) ml brg`fn `rg` wmtn ahur ?66s (1;Z) `ljhlg J->R
[`lgi Mltgrvmgw 0;/22/0:
>/;2 [i`fmlo Uhlg F hl tng [G pmpg atgr r`msmlo mt =11.>2 Fhlstruftmhl J`miy Rgphrt0*
>/;6
156; `d th156; pd
[i`fmlo F zhlg hl tng [G pmpg `atgr r`msmlo mt (fhdpigtgj)
Or`jmlo F Uhlg (rhfc) arhd fhrlgr 7 th tng [G pmpg tn`t n`sbggl rgfgltiy pi`fgj by [gtgrshl
=11.>6 Fhlstruftmhl J miy Rgphrt0*
0;56; pd Ohhj bgrd, ohhj sihpg, lh vmsmbig fr`fcs Vnmatgr Judp Ihobhhc (Dmlg Hps),B-frgw lmont snmat6
005;; pd G`st [grmdgtgr [hlj ohmlo th `i rd ml nmon igvgi wmtnmltng nhur
J`d Brg`fn Rgphrt :
0056; pd Vgfhlj pudp (pgrmdgtgr phlj) st`rtgj, lhtnmlo
ulusu`i lhtmfgj
J`d Brg`fn Rgphrt :
005:7 pd Jrhvg arhd pgrmdgtgr phlj `frhss j d frgst th [G pmpg`lj b`fc th Fhrlgr 7 (`frhss brg`fn `rg`), lhtnmloulusu`i lhtmfgj
[`lgi Mltgrvmgw 0;/22/0:
025;;dmjlmont
Vgfhlj pudp jr`wmlo jhwl pgrmdgtgr phlj w`tgr igvgi(rgfhiigftmhl ha fhltrhi mlstrudglt`tmhl)
[`lgi Mltgrvmgw 0;/22/0:
>/;:
02507 `d [hlj w`tgr st rts th igvgi hut (rgfhiigftmhl ha fhltrhimlstrudglt`tmhl)
[`lgi Mltgrvmgw 0;/22/0:
025:7 `d [hlj w`tgr igvgi st`rts th simontiy mlfrg sg (rgfhiigftmhl hafhltrhi mlstrudglt`tmhl)
[`lgi Mltgrvmgw 0;/22/0:
05;; d [hlj w`tgr igvgi rmsmlo sn rpiy (rgfhiigftmhl ha fhltrhimlstrudglt`tmhl)
[`lgi Mltgrvmgw 0;/22/0:
0507 `d Imonts wglt hut ml gigftrmf`i snhp, dmii snut jhwl, phlj w`tgrigvgi spmcgs sn`rpiy (rgfhiigftmhl ha fhltrhi mlstrudglt`tmhl)
J`d Brg`fn Rgphrt :[`lgi Mltgrvmgw 0;/22/0:
25;7 d Jgw`tgrmlo hpgr`thr jmsfhvgrs tn`t t`mimlos j`d n`j brg`fngj J`d Brg`fn Rgphr t :
* [NHZH @Q@MI@BIG ML FHLVZRWFZMHL J@MI] RG[HRZ.m [G [M[G MV ZNG RG ZWRL _@ZGR NJ[G IMLG ARHD ZNG VGG[@OG RGF]FIG [WD[ ZN@Z FRHVVGV ZNG J@D FRGVZ @Z ZNG IHFVGFZMHL J, @[[RH^ VZ@. 6+=1; VGG [NHZH ML FHLVZRWFZMHL J@MI] RG[HRZ HA >/;2/0: .
mm [GRMDGZGR RGAGRV ZH [GRMDGZGR VGG[@OG [HLJ. HQGRAIH_ RGAGRV ZH HQGRAIH_ ARHD [GRMDGZGR VGG[@OG [HLJBHRRH_ [MZ [@LGI MLZGRQMG_, 0;/22/0: .
Z@BIG :.6.05 ZMDGIMLG HA GQGLZV @LJ @FZMQMZMGV @Z BRG@FN VGFZMHL @LJ @JE@FGLZ @RG@Vfhltmlugj
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 00
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
:.6.0 NWD@L MLZGRQGLZMHL
Nud`l mltgrvgltmhl d`y bg `ffmjglt`i, sufn `s jmsfn`rog arhd ` t`mimlos imlg grhjmlo tng strufturg ml `lulfhltrhiigj d`llgr, hr wmiaui jgstruftmhl. @ t`mimlos pmpgimlg hl tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt frgst w`s lht mlsgrvmfg `t tng tmdg ha tng brg`fn, `lj tng [`lgi n`s ahulj lh htngr gvmjglfg ha a`miurg jug th nud`l mltgrvgltmhl.
:.6.2 HQGRZH[[MLO
@itnhuon w`tgr d`l`ogdglt n`j bggl fn`iiglomlo ml i`tgr yg`rs, `lj`l gpmshjg ha hvgrthppmlo hvgr phrtmhls ha tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdgltn`j hffurrgj ml D`y 2;0:, arggbh`rj w`s bgmlo f`rgauiiy dhlmthrgj`rhulj tng tmdg ha tng brg`fn `s ` rgsuit ha prmhr mlsmstglfg hl tng p`rtha tng Dmlmstry ha Glgroy lj Dmlgs (DGD). Zng arggbh`rj wmtn rgspgftth tng fhrg `t tng tmdg ha tng a`miurg w`s 2.6 dgtrgs (d). 7
Zng [`lgi n`s ahulj lh gvmjglfg ha a`miurg jug th hvgrthppmlo prmhr th brg`fn jgvgihpdglt.
:.6.6 [M[MLO @LJ FR@FCMLO
[mpmlo `lj fr`fcmlo ha tng fhrg ha `l g`rtn-rhfcffii j`d f`l ig`j th mltgrl`i grhsmhl `lj uitmd`tgiy ihss hafhlt`mldglt. Znms ms hlg ha tng dhst fhddhl f`usgs ha a`miurg ha g`rtn j`ds `lj n`s bggl dufn stujmgj. Znga`miurg ha tng Hd`m Z`mimlos J`d1 prhvmjgs `l gx`dpig ha ` a`miurg by pmpmlo `lj mltgrl`i grhsmhl.
Zng ahiihwmlo a`fthrs wgrg ha fhlfgrl th tng [`lgi5
0) Dhjmffgj fgltrgimlg t`mimlos j`ds, wnmig wmtnml prgfgjglt, `rg jmsphsgj th ihlomtujml`i fr`fcmlo. 2) Ahiihwmlo Vt`og 7, tng fhrg wmjtn w`s rgjufgj th 7 d, wnmfn ms tnml ahr tng pi`llgj nyjr`uimf ng`j3 `o`ml,
tnms n`s prgfgjglt but rgqumrgs f`rgaui ffitgr `lj tr`lsmtmhl jgsmol `lj fhlstruftmhl. 6) Zng ffitgr `lj tr`lsmtmhl wgrg p`rtmfui`riy tnml `lj rgqumrgj dgtmfuihus f`rg th bg fhlstruftgj `s mltgljgj. :) Jgt`mis ha ffitgr `lj tr`lsmtmhl fhlstruftmhl ml `s-bumit jr`wmlos mljmf`tgj jgp`rturg arhd mltgljgj jgsmol. ?
7) Dufn ha tng `s-pi`fgj ffitgr d`tgrm`i a`migj th dggt `ppimf`big ffitgr frmtgrm` `lj rgqumrgdglts ahr mltgrl`ist`bmimty ha mts or`jmlo.
1) Zng fhrg n`j bggl hvgrthppgj ml hlg ihf`tmhl ahr ` brmga pgrmhj ml 2;0:, rgsuitmlo ml shatglmlo `ljgln`lfgj jgahrd`bmimty.
?) Zng fhrg w`s lht fhlt`mlgj by tng stggp rhfcffii sngii ml `s stm ` d`llgr `s dmont n`vg bggl phssmbig. >) @ f`vmty w`s jgtgftgj ml tng fhrg rgdl`lt ha tng igat `butdglt ha tng brg`fn tn`t w`s tng rgsuit ha mltgrl`i
grhsmhl, sgg @ppgljmx F.
=) Hbsgrvgj hw th tng sggp`og fhiigftmhl systgd gxnmbmtgj ` tr`lsmglt spmcg hl @prmi 22, 2;06, ha tng cmlj
Zng [`lgi n`s ahulj lh
gvmjglfg ha a`miurg jug th
hvgrthppmlo prmhr th brg`fn
jgvgihpdglt.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;0702
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
shdgtmdgs fn`r`ftgrmstmf ha mltgrl`i grhsmhl (sgg @ppgljmx A ahr jgt`mis).
Lhtwmtnst`ljmlo tngsg fhlfgrls, tng [`lgi lhtgs5
0) Lh `blhrd`i sggp`og hbsgrv`tmhls wgrg jgtgftgj gxfgpt ahr tng spmcg hl @prmi 22, 2;06 (sgg @ppgljmx A).
2) Vhlmf jrmiinhigs wgrg ihf`tgj `s fihsg th tng `butdglts ha tng brg`fn `s s`agiy phssmbig. Zngy jmj lht jgtgft
`ly suspmfmhus pmpmlo p`tnw`ys.
6) Gxf`v`tmhl ha tng rmont `butdglt ha tng brg`fn jmj lht fflj `ly pmpmlo p`tnw`ys tnrhuon tng fhrg.
:) Or`jmlo ha s`dpigs ha ffitgr d`tgrm`i rgfhvgrgj arhd tng brg`fn `rg` mljmf`tg tn`t mltgrl`i grhsmhl jmj lhtprhjufg i`rog hws hr hvgr`ii ihss ha fhrg mltgormty (sgg @ppgljmx F).
@ffhrjmloiy, lj jgspmtg tng fhlfgrls mjgltmffgj by tng [`lgi, mt jmj lht fflj gvmjglfg tn`t tng brg`fn w`s f`usgj
by pmpmlo `lj/hr fr`fcmlo rgsuitmlo ml ulfhltrhiigj mltgrl`i grhsmhl.
:.6.: AHWLJ@ZMHL A@MIWRGV
Hbsgrv`tmhls arhd tng Vura`fg Mlvgstmo`tmhls (sgg sgftmhl 7.0 `lj
@ppgljmx F ahr jgt`mis) prhvmjgj fig`r gvmjglfg ahr sng`rmlo, bhjmiy
i`tgr`i jmspi`fgdglt, `lj rht`tmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglt tn`t rgsuitgj mltng brg`fn. Zng [`lgi fhlfiujgj tn`t tng prmd`ry f`usg ha tng brg`fn
w`s jmsihf`tmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglt jug th ahulj`tmhl a`miurg. Znms
rgsuitgj ml ihss ha fhlt`mldglt ha bhtn tng fig`r w`tgr fhlt`mlgj ml tng
t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty (ZVA), `lj t`mimlos, wnmfn hwgj hut ha tng brg`fn. Fig`riy, tng ahulj`tmhl n`s bgn`vgj ml
` wg`cgr d`llgr tn`l `ltmfmp`tgj ml tng jgsmol. @ d`ehr ahfus ha tnms mlvgstmo`tmhl w`s tngrgahrg th jgtgrdmlg
tng ahulj`tmhl fn`r`ftgrmstmfs tn`t `ffhult ahr tng hbsgrvgj a`miurg dhjg `lj th fhdp`rg tng hutfhdg wmtn tng
jgsmol b`sms.
@ ludbgr ha fmrfudst`lfgs f`l fhltrmbutg th sufn wg`c bgn`vmhur, `lj `ii rgqumrg f`rgaui `ssgssdglt.
Mt ms wgii-clhwl tn`t oi`fm`tgj tgrr`ml f`l bg gxphsgj th oi`fm`i jr`o ahrfgs `lj ig`vg ml tng uljgriymlo sgjmdglts
`lj bgjrhfc, ma rgi`tmvgiy shat, fhltmluhus wg`c sura`fgs `t tng rgsmju`i strglotn ha tng d`tgrm`i. Zng rgsmju`i
strglotn ms tng wg`cgst rgsmst`lfg tn`t tng d`tgrm`i f`l h gr `lj `rmsgs arhd prgagrrgj hrmglt`tmhl ha pi`ty fi`y
p`rtmfigs. Q`iigy rgbhulj ahijmlo `lj gxp`lsmhl ml shat bgjrhfc f`l `ish rgsuit ml wg`c rgsmju`i strglotn d`tgrm`is,
but tngsg prhfgssgs n`vg lht `ftgj `t tng ZVA. Gx`dpigs ha i`rog t`mimlos a`fmimtmgs hl oi`fm`iiy sng`rgj d`tgrm`i `t
Hbsgrv`tmhls arhd tng Vura`fg
Mlvgstmo`tmhls prhvmjgj fig`r
gvmjglfg ahr sng`rmlo, bhjmiy
i`tgr`i jmspi`fgdglt, `lj
rht`tmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglt
tn`t rgsuitgj ml tng brg`fn.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 06
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
ihw strglotns `rg tng Dmijrgj I`cg Vgttimlo B`sml `t tng Vylfrujg F`l`j` Itj. smtg > `lj tng i`rog ZVA `t tng Ugi`zly
Dhst Fhppgr Dmlg. = Ml bhtn f`sgs, dhvgdglts `rg sihw `lj `rg d`l`ogj by `j`ptmvg rgsphlsg th hbsgrv`tmhls.
@lhtngr shurfg ha ul`ltmfmp`tgj bgn`vmhur f`l bg ` jgphsmt wmtnml tng ahulj`tmhl ha ` j`d tn`t gxnmbmts
prhlhulfgj str`ml-wg`cglmlo bgn`vmhur3 tn`t ms, mt ihsgs fhlsmjgr`big rgsmst`lfg hlfg mts pg`c rgsmst`lfg ms
`tt`mlgj. Znms typg ha bgn`vmhur w`s jmsfhvgrgj jurmlo tng ahrglsmf mlvgstmo`tmhl mlth tng @zl`ifhii`r (Ihs Ar`migs)
Z`mimlos J d a`miurg ml Vp`ml.0; Zng dhvgdglts ml tn`t f`sg wgrg sujjgl, wmtnhut `ly hbsgrv`big prgfurshrs. Zng
mlstrudglt`tmhl `t tng tmdg w`s dmlmd`i.
@ aurtngr shurfg ha ul`ltmfmp`tgj bgn`vmhur rmsgs wngl strufturg ms bgmlo bumit ml st`ogs hl shat substr`tg tn`t
ms fhltr`ft`lt3 tn`t ms, mt tgljs th fhltr`ft, hr jglsmay. _ngl sufn ` shmi ms subegftgj th sng`rmlo jug th ih`jmlo tn`t
hffurs sihwiy, tng rgsuitmlo vhiudg fn`logs strglotngl tng shmi `s mt jglsmffgs. Znms ms clhwl `s jr`mlgj ih`jmlo.
Nhwgvgr, ma tng fhltr`ft`lt shmi wgrg th bg ih`jgj thh qumfciy ahr w`tgr th bg gxpgiigj `lj pgrdmt vhiudg fn`log,
phrg prgssurgs jgvgihp tn`t wg`cgl tng shmi. Znms ms clhwl `s uljr`mlgj ih`jmlo, `lj tng rgsmst`lfg ms igss tn`l mts
jr`mlgj gqumv`iglt.
Wljr`mlgj rgsphlsg f`l `ish bg mlmtm`tgj ma tng shmi jmspi`ys ` r`pmj rgjuftmhl ml rgsmst`lfg `s ymgijmlo ms mlmtm`t
gvgl uljgr jr`mlgj fhljmtmhls. Znms n`s shdgtmdgs bggl f`iigj sphlt`lghus imquga`ftmhl wngl hwsimjgs jgvgihp.
_nmig tng Dhult [hiigy a`miurg w`s lht sustfmgltiy dhbmig th bg rgo`rjgj `s ` hw, tng fhlfgpt ha sphlt`lghusuljr`mlgj rgsphlsg f`llht bg jmsrgo`rjgj ml brh`jiy b`sgj mlqumry sufn s tnms. Zng mdpimf`tmhls ahr st`bmimty ha
tng uljr`mlgj rgsphlsg ha shat, fhltr`ft`lt shmis th st`ogj fhlstruftmhl wgrg prgsgltgj `t iglotn ml ` fi`ssmf p`pgr
by I`jj 00 `lj `rg jmsfussgj ml ` wmjgiy `ffgptgj or`ju`tg-igvgi tgxt by Julf`l `lj _rmont. 02 Zng Cmlosthl y `sn
siurry spmii ms `l gx`dpig ha ` ZVA tn`t a`migj by tnms uljr`mlgj dgfn`lmsd (nttp5//www.tv`.ohv/cmlosthl/rf`/).
@ii ha tng `bhvg nyphtngsgs rgo`rjmlo tng fn`r`ftgrmstmfs ha tng orhulj fhljmtmhls ml tng brg`fn zhlg wgrg
fhlsmjgrgj ml tng Zgfnlmf`i Fhddglt`ry tn`t ahiihws. Zng Zgfnlmf`i Fhddglt`ry prgsglts tng ffljmlos rmsmlo arhd
bhtn sura`fg `lj subsura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls, i`bhr`thry stujmgs, fhdput`tmhl`i `l`iysgs, `lj jgsmol, fhlstruftmhl,
`lj dhlmthrmlo rgvmgws, ml supphrt ha tng gxpi`l`tmhl ha tng f`usg ha a`miurg.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;070:
GLJLHZGV
0) D[0;;;;
2) D[0;;20
6) D[0;;22
:) D[0;;06
7) D[;;0>>
1) Qmfc, V.O., 0==1. Zng a`miurg ha tng Hd`m Z`mimlosJ`d. Oghtgfnlmf`i Lgws, Vgptgdbgr, pp. 6:-6=.
?) D[;;;::
>) @iglf`r, E., Dhroglstgrl, L.R. `lj Fn`l, J.N., 0==:.@l`iysms ha ahulj`tmhl jgahrd`tmhls bglg`tn tngVylfrujg t`mimlos jycg. F`l`jm`l Oghtgfnlmf`i Ehurl`i , Qhi. 60, pp. >1>->>:.
=) E`dmhichwscm, D., 2;0:. Vhmi dgfn`lmsds `lj tngHbsgrv`tmhl`i Dgtnhj5 Fn`iiglogs `t tng Ugi`zlyDhst fhppgr t`mimlos jmsphs`i a`fmimty.Oghtgfnlmqug,Qhi. 1:, pp. 7=;-10>.
0;) Ogls, @. `lj @ihlsh, G.G., 2;;1. @zl`ifhii`r j`da`miurg [`rt 25 Vt`bmimty fhljmtmhls `lj a`miurgdgfn`lmsd. Oghtgfnlmqug, Qhi. 71, pp. 0>7-2;0.
00) I`jj, F.F., 0==0. Vt`bmimty gv`iu`tmhls jurmlo st`ogjfhlstruftmhl. Ehurl`i ha Oghtgfnlmf`i Glomlggrmlo,@dgrmf`l Vhfmgty ha Fmvmi Glomlggrs, Qhi. 00?,pp. 7:;-107.
02) Julf`l, E.D. `lj _rmont, V.O., 2;;7. Vhmi Vtrglotn
`lj Vihpg Vt`bmimty . Ehnl _migy `lj Vhls, Mlf., LgwEgrsgy, 2=> p.
: | Nhw Jmj Znms J`d A`mi8
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 07
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
7.0 VWRA@FG MLQGVZMO@ZMHLV
Vura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls ha tng brg`fn `lj `je`fglt `rg`s wgrg fhljuftgj th o`tngr gvmjglfg `bhut tng f`usg ha
tng a`miurg, th jhfudglt tnms gvmjglfg, `lj th prhvmjg lgfgss`ry fhltgxt ahr rgi`tgj [`lgi `ftmvmtmgs. @ppgljmx F
prhvmjgs ` fhdprgnglsmvg `ffhult ha tng sura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls arhd wnmfn tnms sudd`ry n`s bggl fhdpmigj. Zng
gigftrhlmf vgrsmhl ha @ppgljmx F `ish fhlt`mls ` vmrtu`i tnrgg-jmdglsmhl (6-J) yhvgr th ngip hrmglt tng rg`jgr th
ag`turgs `lj mltgrrgi`tmhlsnmps jgsfrmbgj ngrg.
7.0.0 J@Z@ FHIIGFZMHL
Zng sura`fg mlvgstmo tmhls d`jg usg ha md`ogry arhd ` v`rmgty ha shurfgs, ffgij d`ppmlo hl tng orhulj, `lj
gxpihr`thry gxf`v`tmhl ha cgy ag`turgs. J`t` shurfgs `lj fhiigftmhl `ftmvmtmgs mlfiujgj tng ahiihwmlo5
Rgvmgw ha prg-a`miurg s`tgiimtg md`ogry Rgvmgw ha ` ngimfhptgr vmjgh d jg by tng F`rmbhh Rgomhl`i Jmstrmft jurmlo a`miurg Rgvmgw ha phst-a`miurg ngimfhptgr pnhths by tng [`lgi `lj `mrpnhth stgrghp`mrs Rgvmgw `lj prgprhfgssmlo ha [`lgi orhulj pnhths [rgp`r`tmhl ha thphor`pnmf`i b`sg d`ps `lj frhss-sgftmhls Amgij d`ppmlo ha orhulj ag`turgs `lj gxphsurgs Gxf`v`tmhl lj ihoomlo ha gxpihr`thry whrcs ml ` rgdl`lt sgftmhl ha tng j`d fhrg
7.0.2 CG] AG@ZWRGV
@l hbimqug vmgw ha tng brg`fn `rg` ihhcmlo upstrg`d ms prhvmjgj mlAmourg 7.0.0. Znms `lj tng ahiihwmlo md`og
wgrg hbt`mlgj arhd tng F`rmbhh Rgomhl`i Jmstrmfts vmjgh. Zng vmjgh w`s t`cgl hl tng dhrlmlo ha @uoust :, 2;0:,
`bhut > nhurs `atgr brg`fn mlmtm`tmhl wmtn brg`fn huthw stmii ml prhorgss. Mt prhvmjgs ` ulmqug hpphrtulmty t
hbsgrvg nhw d`ly ha tng cgy phst-brg`fn ag`turgs wgrg ahrdgj.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;0701
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
AMOWRG 7.0.05 QMG_ IHHCMLO W[VZRG@D ZNRHWON ZNG BRG@FN @RRH_ VNH_V JMRGFZM HL HA HWZAIH_
Zng i`bgiigj ag`turgs ml Amourg 7.0.0 f`l bg mltgrprgtgj wmtn rgagrglfg th tng mltgrl`i zhlmlo ha tng j`d prgvmhusiy
prhvmjgj `s Amourg :.0.0. Hl tng upstrg`d smjg ha tng brg`fn, rgdl`lt prhegftmhls ha tng j`d fhrg (V) f`l bg sggl
hl tng igat lj rmont butdglts. Zng prhegftmhl hl tng rmont butdglt fts imcg egtty ml jmrgftmlo hw thw`rj tng
igat butdglt.
Uhlg F rhfcffii (F) ms gxphsgj hl tng igat `butdglt, wngrg mt n`s bggl grhjgj by tngsg rgjmrgftgj brg`fn huthws.
Hl tng rmont `butdglt, tng sura`fg ha tng jmspi`fgj rhfcffii (J) w`s subegft th grhsmhl`i hvgrhw jurmlo g`rimgr
st`ogs ha brg`fn jgvgihpdglt. Mt w`s subsgqugltiy prhtgftgj arhd grhsmhl`i uljgrfuttmlo ml tng d`ml fn`llgi by
tng prhegftmlo fhrg rgdl`lt `lj gjjmgs tn`t jgvgihpgj jhwlstrg`d.
Zng wn`igb`fc ag`turg (_) ms ` imlg`r, upimatgj rmjog ha ahulj`tmhl tmii tn`t gxtgljs `frhss tng gltmrg wmjtn ha tng
brg`fn. Nmoniy grhsmhl-rgsmst`lt ml bhtn l`tmvg `lj fhdp`ftgj ahrds, tng uptnrustgj tmii ngrg `fts `s tng fhltrhi
sgftmhl ahr brg`fn huthw.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 0?
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
@t tnms phmlt, twh d`ehr hw fn`llgis n`vg jgvgihpgj wmtnml tng mdphuljdglt tn`t fhlvgrog `t tng upstrg`d
gltry th tng brg`fn. Ml tng jmst`lfg (fgltrg igat), hlg ha tngsg f`l bg sggl hwmlo `ihlo tng igat smjg ha tng j`d.
@s ms jmj sh, mt grhjgj `w`y tng supphrtmlo t`mimlos. Znms f`usgj tng upstrg`d smjg ha tng j`d th fhii`psg, ig`vmlo
tng prhdmlglt lg`r-vgrtmf`i a`fg. Zngsg struftur`i g gfts `rg `o`ml bgst `pprgfm`tgj wmtn rgagrglfg th Amourg :.0.0.
Fhljmtmhls `je`fglt th tng rmont smjg ha tng j`d miiustr`tg nhw tng fhdbmlgj `ftmhl ha uvm`i grhsmhl `lj t`mimlos
hwsimjmlo prhjufgj smdmi`r g gfts. Zng `ftmvg hwsimjg (B) n`s igat ` sgdmfmrfui`r ng`jsf`rp tn`t ms prhorgssmlob`fc `lj uljgrdmlmlo tng Uhlg W t`mimlos supphrtmlo tng upstrg`d smjg ha tng j`d fhrg. @rfu`tg ng`jsf`rps
ha g`rimgr hwsimjgs (@) n`vg f`pturgj `lj fhlfgltr`tgj hvgri`lj hws arhd sura`fg w`tgr rgd`mlmlo ml tng
mdphuljdglt. Zng rgsuitmlo f`sf`jgs rg`jmiy tr`lsphrt hwsimjg jgbrms, wnmig `t tng s`dg tmdg f`usmlo b`fcw`rj
grhsmhl ha tng ng`jsf`rps by sfhur wmtnml tngmr tgrr`fgj piulog phhis.
@ rgvgrsg-`loig pgrspgftmvg ihhcmlo jhwlstrg`d tnrhuon tng brg`fn ms prhvmjgj ml Amourg 7.0.2 . Mt snhws tng
j`d`og th tng upstrg`d smjg ha tng j`d `lj tng prhfgssgs tn`t f`usgj mt.
AMOWRG 7.0.25 QMG_ IHHCMLO JH_LVZRG@D VNH_MLO W[VZRG@D VMJG HA J@D @LJ RGD@MLMLO Z@MIMLOV
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;070>
7.0.6 AHWLJ@ZMHL VIMJMLO
Zng sura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls prhjufgj jmrgft gvmjglfg ahr ahulj`tmhl simjmlo `s tng mlmtm`tmlo dgfn`lmsd ahr tng
brg`fn. Znms ms dhst fig`riy jgdhlstr`tgj by ` sng`r sura`fg hbsgrvgj wmtnml tng rgdl`lt fhrg prhegftmhl hl tng
rmont `butdglt `t tng ihf`tmhl snhwl prgvmhusiy ml Amourg 7.0.0.
Amourg 7.0.6snhws `l gxf`v`tgj gxphsurg ha tng sng`r sura`fg (@) tnrhuon tng Uhlg V fhrg d`tgrm`i (V). Zng
d`rcgr bgj (U) w`s lht prgsglt hl tng upstrg`d ahhtw`ii smjg (rmont ml pnhth), mljmf`tmlo `t ig`st 6.6 dgtrgs (d) ha
jhwltnrhw hl tng jhwlstrg`d n`lomlo w`ii. @ppgljmx F, sgftmhl 6.?, fhlt`mls dhrg jgt`mi hl tng hrmglt`tmhl `lj
fhlffour`tmhl ha tng sng`r sura`fg.
AMOWRG 7.0.65 VNG@R VWRA@FG ZNRHWON RGDL@LZ J@D FHRG @RRH_ MLJMF@ZGV JMRGFZMHL HA JH_LJRH[
Zng sura`fg tr`fg `lj 6-J hrmglt`tmhl ha tng sng`r `rg snhwl hl tng fhrg rgdl`lt ml Amourg 7.0.:, wmtn ` jmp loig`lj jmrgftmhl s mljmf`tgj.
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 0=
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
AMOWRG 7.0.:5 [NHZH ` @LJ VWRA@FG DHJGI b VNH_MLO VNG@R VWRA@FG HRMGLZ@ZMHL
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;072;
Htngr rtma`fts ha ahulj`tmhl simjmlo rg gvmjglt gisgwngrg. @s mljmf`tgj mlAmourg 7.0.7, imat imlgs ml tng Uhlg F rhfcffii
hl tng igat `butdglt (F) `rg tmitgj `t `l mlfiml`tmhl ha ? th 0;, wmtn fhrhii`ry mlfiml`tmhls hl tng rmont `butdglt ha
7 th 0:. @ish snhwl mlAmourg 7.0.7 `rg tng Uhlg V fhrg (V), wmtn ` fhlt`mldglt jmcg (C) uljgr fhlstruftmhl ml tng
b`fcorhulj. Vf`rps nmongr hl tng igat `butdglt wgrg prhjufgj by phst-simjmlo jhwljrhp ha i`rog siudp bihfcs
mlth tng brg`fn jug th grhsmhl`i uljgrfuttmlo `t ahulj`tmhl igvgi.
AMOWRG 7.0.75 @[[@RGLZ BGJJMLO RHZ@ZMHL HL IGAZ @BWZDGLZ HA BRG@FN VG[Z. :, 2;0: [NHZH
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 20
Amourg 7.0.1 snhws tng rmont `butdglt, wmtn tng igat `butdglt ml tng b`fcorhulj. Lhtgwhrtny ag`turgs mlfiujg
hpgl fr`fcs (H) `lj ng`jsf`rps (N) `t nmongr gigv`tmhls. @t tng jhwlstrg`d thg, uptnrust ha ahulj`tmhl tmii (I)
r`lomlo arhd 2.> d th 6.7 d n`s hffurrgj `ihlo `l `imoldglt fhiimlg`r wmtn tng wn`igb`fc (_).
Zng d`ss ha rhfcffii (J) arhd tng uppgr ng`jsf rps th tng ihwgr uptnrustgj tmii w`s rht tgj `lj jmspi fgj by
ahulj`tmhl simjmlo. Mt w`s prgsgrvgj wngl sura`fg snggt hw w`s tgrdml`tgj by brg`fn jhwlfuttmlo hl tng igat smjg.
Arhd jmspi`fgdglt ha sura`fg imlg`tmhls, i`tgr`i (jhwlstrg`d) tr`lsi`tmhl ha 00 d hffurrgj ml tng vmfmlmty ha tng
`rrhws ml tng ffourg.
AMOWRG 7.0.15 VIMJMLO RGI@ZGJ AG@ZWRGV @Z RMONZ @BWZDGLZ VG[Z. :, 2;0: [NHZH
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;0722
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
Vura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls jgimlg`tg tng imdmts ha ahulj`tmhl simjmlo omvgl mlAmourg 7.0.?, wmtn tng shimj `lj j`sngj
ygiihw imlgs mljmf`tmlo hbsgrvgj `lj mlagrrgj bhulj`rmgs, rgspgftmvgiy. Zngsg `rg supgrmdphsgj hl tng phst-
a`miurg hrtnhpnhth `lj fhlthurs th snhw tng gxtglt ha d`ss dhvgdglt ml rgi`tmhl th tng brg`fn. @rrhws mljmf`tg
jmrgftmhls ha dhvgdglt arhd sura`fg hbsgrv`tmhls.
AMOWRG 7.0.?5 [I@L VNH_MLO JMRGFZM HL @LJ G^ZGLZ HA D@VV DHQGDGLZV
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 26
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
Dhvgdglts `rg sudd`rmzgj ml Z`big 7.0.0 bgihw.
Z@BIG 7.0.05 DG@VWRGJ @LJ MLAGRRGJ VIMJG DHQGDGLZV
IHF@ZMHL JMV[I@FGDGLZV @LJ HRMGLZ@ZMHLV
JH_LVZRG@D ZHGQgrtmf`i5Nhrmzhlt`i5
2.> th 6.7 d upw`rj00 d jhwlstrg`d
W[VZRG@D VNG@R VWRA@FGQgrtmf`i5Jmp5
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;072:
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
7.0.: MLZGRL@I GRHVMHL
@ vhmj snhwl mlAmourg 7.0.> w`s hbsgrvgj hl tng upstrg`d smjg ha tng igat butdglt, dg`surmlo ;.? d by ;.6 d lj
gxtgljmlo b`fc 0.0 d mlth tng Uhlg V fhrg. Zng `loui`r fhrlgrs `lj `brupt tr`lsmtmhls `t tng hpglmlo `rg jmstmlft
arhd tng sdhhtngr, dhrg rhuljgj sura`fgs prhjufgj by sura`fg grhsmhl `t htngr ihf`tmhls.
AMOWRG 7.0.>5 QHMJ HL W[VZRG@D VMJG HA IGAZ @BWZDGLZ
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 27
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
@jjmtmhl`iiy, Uhlg A ffitgr d`tgrm`i mddgjm`tgiy jhwlstrg`d arhd tng fhrg w`s s`dpigj ml tng rmont `butdglt
gxf`v`tmhl. Or`j`tmhl j`t` snhw tn`t lhlg ha tngsg s`dpigs dgt ffitgr frmtgrm` tn`t whuij n`vg gl`bigj tngd th
prgvglt tr`lsphrt ha fflgs arhd tng tmii. Zhogtngr, tngsg a`fthrs suoogst mltgrl`i grhsmhl `s tng imcgiy f`usg ha tng igat
`butdglt vhmj.
Znms ffitgr d`tgrm`i `ish n`s `l mltgrl`iiy ulst`big or`j`tmhl, sufn tn`t
mts fflgr ar`ftmhl ms argg th p`ss tnrhuon tng vhmjs ml tng fh`rsgr ar`ftmhl
uljgr sustfmglt hw vgihfmty. Nhwgvgr, tng a`ft tn`t tnms fflgr ar`ftmhl ms
stmii prgsglt dg`ls tn`t nmon jmsfn`rog tnrhuon tng ffitgr, `lj tngrgahrgtnrhuon tng fhrg, jmj lht hffur. Dhrghvgr, p`mlst`cmlo gxf`v`tmhl
`lj tnhrhuon ihoomlo ahulj lh gvmjglfg ha htngr sufn vhmjs ml
tng gxf`v`tgj fhrg. Lhr wgrg fhltmluhus fr`fcs hr shatglgj zhlgs
mljmf`tmvg ha nyjr`uimf ar`fturmlo jmsfhvgrgj. Zngsg a`fthrs suoogst tn`t
mltgrl`i grhsmhl w`s lht pgrv`smvg hvgr tng brg`fn `rg` hr sustfmgltiy
sgvgrg th n`vg fhdprhdmsgj fhrg mltgormty hvgr`ii.
Zngsg a`fthrs suoogst tn`t
mltgrl`i grhsmhl w`s lht
pgrv`smvg hvgr tng brg`fn
`rg` hr sustfmgltiy sgvgrg
th n`vg fhdprhdmsgj fhrg
mltgormty hvgr`ii.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;0721
7.2 VWBVWRA@FG MLQGVZMO@ZMHLV
7.2.0 MLZRHJWFZMHL
Ahiihwmlo tng brg`fn ha tng Dhult [hiigy [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt, smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl prhor`ds wgrg mlmtm`tgjby tng Dmlgs Mlspgfthr tg`d wmtn Cihnl Frmppgl Bgrogr (CFB) `s tng oghtgfnlmf`i ig`j, Dhult [hiigy DmlmloFhrphr`tmhl (D[DF) wmtn Ohijgr @sshfm`tgs (Ohijgr) `s tng oghtgfnlmf`i ig`j, `lj tng [`lgi, wmtn tng supphrtha Znurbgr Glomlggrmlo Imdmtgj (Znurbgr). Znms sgftmhl sudd`rmzgs tng [`lgis prhor`d, mts hutfhdg, `lj cgyffljmlos tn`t ` gft htngr `spgfts ha tng [`lgis `ftmvmtmgs. @ppgljmx J prhvmjgs aurtngr jgt`mis ha Znurbgrs whrc,rgsuits `lj mltgrprgt`tmhls. Rgsuits ha tng CFB whrc `rg `v`mi`big ml @ppgljmx B.0 Zng [`lgi rgimgj hl a`ftu`i j`t`fhiigftgj by bhtn Znurbgr `lj CFB, but d`jg mts hwl mltgrprgt`tmhls ha tngsg j`t`.
7.2.2 EHMLZ VMZG MLQGVZMO@ZMHL
Ml g`riy Vgptgdbgr 2;0:, D[DF mlvmtgj tng [`lgi th p`rtmfmp`tg ml ` fhhrjml`tmhl dggtmlo wmtn CFB `lj Ohijgr thrgvmgw prhphsgj ehmlt smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl pi`ls fhlsmstmlo ha5
Oghpnysmfs Jmrgft furrglt rgsmstmvmty, mljufgj phi`rmty `lj sgmsdmf rgar`ftmhl survgys. Jrmiimlo `lj fhrmlo Vhlmf jrmiimlo th `iihw mlmtm`i ahulj`tmhl fn`r`ftgrmz`tmhl `t tng j`d brg`fn `lj
`je`fglt `rg`s, `lj duj rht`ry jrmiimlo `lj s`dpimlo wmtn ahfus hl fi`ys `lj smits jgsmol`tgj tng WppgrOi`fmhi`fustrmlg Wlmt (Wppgr OIW).
Ml smtu tgstmlo `lj mlstrudglt`tmhl fhlg pglgtr`tmhl tgst (F[Z) lj pmgzhdgtgr lj mlfimlhdgtgr mlst`ii`tmhl`t sgigftgj ihf`tmhls.
V`ag whrc pi`ls n`j th bg mdpigdgltgj th gst`bimsn `ffgss imdmts wmtn rgspgft th tng rgd`mlmlo brg`fn `butdglts. Zngsg imdmts mluglfgj tng ihf`tmhls ha tng ffl i oghpnysmfs imlgs `lj tng jrmiinhig ihf`tmhls.
CFB ffgij glomlggrs thhc i`rog ludbgrs ha s`dpigs arhd tng shlmf fhrgs ahr rhutmlg hr mljgx tgstmlo ml tng CFBi`bhr`thry. Mljgx tgst rgsuits wgrg sn`rgj wmtn tng [`lgi. Znurbgr `ish fhiigftgj s`dpigs ahr mljgx tgstmlo arhd `
ludbgr ha ihf`tmhls jurmlo tng smtg d`ppmlo `lj htngr `ftmvmtmgs ahr tgstmlo ml tng Znurbgr i`bhr`thrmgs. @ii mljgxtgst rgsuits `rg prgsgltgj ml @ppgljmx J, @tt`fndglt ?.
J`miy rgphrts jgsfrmbmlo ffgijwhrc prhorgss wgrg sn`rgj wmtn `ii p`rtmgs. _ggciy fhlagrglfg f`iis, ml wnmfn tng[`lgi p`rtmfmp`tgj, sgrvgj th aurtngr fhhrjml`tg tng ffgijwhrc `lj prhvmjg upj`tgs. @jeustdglts wgrg d`jg thtng jgt`migj ihf`tmhls ha tng oghpnysmfs imlgs `s wgii `s jrmiinhigs `s tng prhor`d w`s mdpigdgltgj. Amourg 7.2.0 snhws tng ffl`i ihf`tmhls ha tng ehmlt smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl nhigs ml `lj `rhulj tng brg`fn `rg`.
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 2?
AMOWRG 7.2.05 EHMLZ @LJ [@LGI VMZG MLQGVZMO@ZMHL JRMIINHIG IHF@ZMHLV
Znurbgrs ffgij glomlggr hbsgrvgj tng shlmf jrmiimlo by CFB `lj ihoogj `ii tng shlmf nhigs ml p`r`iigi wmtn tng
CFB pgrshllgi. Zng Znurbgr ihos ha tng CFB shlmf nhigs `rg prhvmjgj ml @ppgljmx J, @tt`fndglt 0. Rgi`tgj
sgmsdmf `lj rgsmstmvmty survgys `rg `ish jgsfrmbgj ml @ppgljmx J, @tt`fndglt 0.
6 + = ; ;
: + ; ; ;
: + 0 ; ;
: + 2 ; ;
: + 6 ; ;
: + : ; ;
: + 7 ; ;
0:-0>
0:-0000:-00;
0:-0;= 0:-0;>0:-007
0:-0;?0:-0;1
0:-0060:-002
0:-001
0:-00:
0:-0;7 0:-0;: 0:-0;6
0:-0;2 0:-0;00:-0?
0:-01
0:-0:0:-;:
0:-;6
0:-22 0:-0;
0:-00 0:-;2
0:-;70:-;1
0:-;=0:-;>
0:-;0 0:-02
0:-06
0:-07
0:-200:-0=
0:-2;
7 = 7 2 7 ; G
IGOGLJ5
7 > 2 ;
; ; ; L
7 > 2
; 2 7 ;
L
7 = 7 7 ; ; G
[@LGI MLQGVZMO@ZMHL IHF@ZMHLCFB MLQGVZMO@ZMHL IHF@ZMHL
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;072>
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
7.2.6 [@LGI VMZG MLQGVZMO@ZMHL
@bhut n`ia ha tng ihf`tmhls ahr tng CFB mlvgstmo`tmhl wgrg ihf`tgj ml tng a`migj sgftmhl ahhtprmlt s wgii `s tnrhuon
tng rgd`mlmlo gdb`lcdglt mlth tng uljgriymlo ahulj`tmhl. Zng [`lgi jgvgihpgj ` sgp`r`tg ffgij prhor`d tn`t
`iihwgj ml smtu tgstmlo `lj s`dpimlo `t ` i`rogr ludbgr ha ihf`tmhls wngrg ahulj`tmhl d`tgrm`is n`j lht bggl
prgih`jgj by tng gdb`lcdglt. Zng [`lgi smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl fhlsmstgj ha5
F[Z `lj v`lg tgstmlo th fn`r`ftgrmzg tng ahulj tmhl str tmor`pny lj th mjgltmay s`dpimlo ihf`tmhls ahr`jv`lfgj sng`r `lj fhlshimj`tmhl tgstmlo (rgagr th sgftmhl 7.6 ahr aurtngr jgt`mis ha tng i`bhr`thry tgstmlo).
Duj rht`ry jrmiimlo th hbt`ml jmsturbgj `lj uljmsturbgj s`dpigs ha tng Wppgr OIW `lj htngr ulmts ahri`bhr`thry tgstmlo.
[rgssurgdgtgr tgstmlo ml tng tmii th hbt`ml sng`r strglotn `lj sng`r dhjuius v`iugs. Jrmiimlo `lj s`dpimlo usmlo I`rog [glgtr`tmhl Zgstmlo (I[Z) ml sgigftgj `rg`s ha ahulj`tmhl tmii.
Jgt`mis ha jrmiimlo dgtnhjs, ml smtu tgstmlo `lj rgi`tgj mlahrd`tmhl `rg mlfiujgj ml @ppgljmx J. Gxf`v`tmhl, s`dpimlo
`lj rgi`tgj i`bhr`thry tgstmlo `rg jgsfrmbgj ml @ppgljmx F.
7.2.: [RG A@MIWRG VMZG MLQGVZMO@ZMHLV ML BRG@FN @RG@
@ppgljmx J prhvmjgs ` sudd`ry ha prg-a`miurg smtg mlvgstmo`tmhls ahr tng Dhult [hiigy t`mimlos sthr`og a`fmimty (ZVA
Clmont [mshij (C[) pgrahrdgj smtg mlvgstmo`tmhls ml tng g`riy th dmj-0==;s ahr tng jgsmol ha tng a`fmimty. @jjmtmhl
smtg mlvgstmo`tmhls `lj i`bhr`thry tgstmlo wgrg jhlg jurmlo hpgr`tmhls, lht`biy ` shlmf jrmiimlo `lj mlstrudglt`tmhl
prhor`d mdpigdgltgj by @DGF ml 2;00. Amourg 7.2.2 snhws `ii tng oghtgfnlmf`i jrmiinhig ihf`tmhls ahr prg-a`miurg
mlvgstmo`tmhls ml tng brg`fn `rg`.
_nmig ` i`rog ludbgr ha ihf`tmhls `rg snhwl, d`ly wgrg fhljgdl`tmhl nhigs hr sn`iihw tgst pmts ha imdmtgj
usgauilgss ahr gdb`lcdglt jgsmol purphsgs. @s subsgqugltiy jmsfussgj, tng [`lgi ahulj tng frmtmf`i shmis ml tng
brg`fn `rg` `t jgptns ha `bhut > d. Zngrg `rg hliy ahur ihf`tmhls wngrg tng nhigs wgrg jggpgr tn`l > d `lj
wngrg ml smtu hr i`bhr`thry tgstmlo w`s jhlg. Lhlg ha tngsg ihf`tmhls wgrg ml tng `rg` wngrg tng brg`fn hffurrgj.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 2=
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
AMOWRG 7.2.2 [RG A@MIWRG VMZG MLQGVZMO@ZMHL JRMIINHIG IHF@ZMHLV ML BRG@FN @RG@
B`sgj hl tng subsura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls `lj rgi`tgj i`bhr`thry j`t`, tng [`lgi jgrmvgj sgvgr`i cgy ffljmlos tn`t
mlahrdgj mts i`rogr g hrts. Zngsg rg jmsfussgj ml tng ahiihwmlo sgftmhls.
6 + > ; ;
6 + = ; ;
: + ; ; ;
: + 0 ; ;
: + 2 ; ;
: + 6 ; ;
: + : ; ;
: + 7 ; ;
: + 1 ; ;
O_=1-0@O_=1-0B
VM00-;: Q_00-0;
Q_00-00
7 = 7 2 7 ; G
IGOGLJ5
7 > 2 ;
; ; ; L
7 > 2 ;
2 7 ; L
7 = 7 7 ; ; G
[RG-BRG@FN MLQGVZMO@ZMHL IHF@ZMHL
_MZNHWZ ML VMZW HR I@B ZGVZMLO J@Z@ @LJ/HR [GLGZR@ZMHL IGVV ZN@L > D BGIH_
[RG-FHLVZRWFZMHL ORHWLJ GIGQ@ZMHL
[RG-BRG@FN MLQGVZMO@ZMHL IHF@ZMHL
_MZN ML VMZW HR I@B ZGVZMLO @LJ
[GLGZR@ZMHL ORG@ZGR ZN@L > D BGIH_
[RG-FHLVZRWFZMHL ORHWLJ GIGQ@ZMHL
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;076;
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
7.2.7 FHLZRHIIMLO VZR@ZMOR@[N]
Vhmis ml tng brg`fn `rg` `rg ha tnrgg d`ml typgs, `ii oi`fm`iiy jgphsmtgj. Zngsg mlfiujg5
Oi`fmhi`fustrmlg shmis (jgsmol`tgj OIW) jgphsmtgj ml st`ljmlo w`tgr. Oi`fmhuvm`i, hr strg`dfn`llgi, jgphsmts. Oi`fm`i tmiis prhjufgj by oi`fm`i tr`lsphrt `lj rgwhrcmlo.
@ppgljmx J jgsfrmbgs tng mltgrprgtgj jgphsmtmhl`i glvmrhldglt tn`t rgsuits ml tng oglgr`imzgj sgquglfg snhwl bgihw.
AMOWRG 7.2.65 OGLGR@IMUGJ VHMI VZR@ZMOR@[N] ML BRG@FN @RG@
Ha spgfm`i smolmfff`lfg `rg tng twh oi`fmhi`fustrmlg ulmts jgsmol`tgj Wppgr `lj Ihwgr OIW, snhwl ml Amourg7.2.6 , ml turquhmsg `lj biug, rgspgftmvgiy. Bhtn fhlsmst ha tnmliy i`dml`tgj, hr v`rvgj, smits `lj fi`ys, `lj bhtnfi`ssmay prgjhdml`ltiy `s ihw- th nmon-pi`stmfmty fi`y (FI th FN). Zngy f`l bg jmstmloumsngj by jm grglfgs ml tngmrprg-a`miurg w`tgr fhltglt, F[Z tmp rgsmst`lfg, `lj hvgrfhlshimj`tmhl r`tmh (HFR). Gst`bimsnmlo tngsg jm grglfgsrgqumrgs ihhcmlo th `rg`s hutsmjg tng gdb`lcdglt ahhtprmlt, hr tnhsg fhvgrgj by simjg jgbrms, ml hrjgr th gimdml`tgprgih`jmlo g gfts. Zng rgsuitmlo fhdp`rmshls tngrgahrg rggft mlmtm`i prg-fhlstruftmhl fhljmtmhls.
D@EHR VZR@ZMOR@[NMF WLMZ VZR@ZMOR@[NMF VWB-WLMZ
W[[GR ZMII
W[[GR OI@FMHI@FWVZRMLG (W[[GR OIW)
IH_GR ZMIIV
_G@C BGJRHFC
IH_GR OI@FMHI@FWVZRMLG(IH_GR OIW)
OI@FMHAIWQM@I
IH_GR B@V@I ZMII
IH_GR B@V@I ZMII
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 60
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
Amrstiy, tng jm grglfg ml w`tgr fhltglt ms subst`ltm`i. Zng `vgr`og ha dg`l v`iugs arhd mljmvmju`i bhrmlos ahr
tng Wppgr OIW ms 62%, fhdp`rgj th 2:% ahr tng Ihwgr OIW.
Vgfhljiy, F[Z tmp rgsmst`lfg ml tng twh ulmts ms jmstmlftiy jm grglt.Amourg 7.2.: snhws tn`t tmp rgsmst`lfg qt ahr
tng Wppgr OIW ms igss tn`l hlg-n`ia ha tn`t ahr tng Ihwgr OIW `frhss tng brg`fn `rg`. Wsmlo q t `s ` dg`surg ha
fi`y fhlsmstglfy, tng Wppgr OIW fi`ssmffgs `s stm th vgry stm , wnmig tng Ihwgr OIW fi`ssmffgs `s vgry stm th n`rj.
AMOWRG 7.2.:5 IHLOMZWJML@I Q@RM@ZMHL ML F[Z ZM[ RGVMVZ@LFG
;
2
:
1
>
0;
02
0:
01
0>
6+=;;6+=7;:+;;;:+;7;:+0;;:+07;:+2;;:+27;:+6;;
q t
( D [ `
)
VZ@ZMHL
W[[GR OIW - HWZVMJG BRG@FN
IH_GR OIW - HWZVMJG BRG@FN
FI@] FHLVMVZGLF]
C[/@DGFVGFZMHL J
CFB
F[Z0:-06 N@RJ
VZMAA
QGR] VZMAA
(G[RM2)
VHAZ ZHDGJMWD
QGR] VHAZ
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;0762
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
Jurmlo tngmr jgphsmtmhl`i nmsthry, oi`fmhi`fustrmlg jgphsmts f`l gxpgrmglfg gpmshjgs ha jrymlo, arggzmlo, oi`fm`
hvgrrmjmlo, hr htngr a`fthrs tn`t fhlshimj`tg tngd th v`rymlo jgorggs. Zng rgsuit ms th mljufg `l g gftmvg
prgfhlshimj`tmhl prgssurg, jgsmol`tgj p, tn`t n`s ` subst`ltm`i mluglfg hl uljr`mlgj strglotn prhpgrtmgs. Znms
g gft f`l `ish bg gxprgssgj `s tng r`tmh ha tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl prgssurg th tng g gftmvg strgss ml tng orhulj, tgrdgj
HFR. Ml oglgr`i, nmongr HFR `lj nmongr p fhrrgi`tg wmtn nmongr uljr`mlgj strglotn.
But wngl tng `ppimgj strgss mlfrg`sgs, ahr gx`dpig, jug th pi`fgdglt ha hvgriymlo j`d ffii, HFR jgfrg`sgs. Ma
tng nmongr strgss rg`fngs hr gxfggjs p, tng bglgfffm`i g gfts ha prgfhlshimj`tmhl lh ihlogr pgrt`ml, `lj tng
fi`y ms s`mj th bg lhrd`iiy fhlshimj`tgj wmtn HFR 4 0.;. Zhogtngr, tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl ha ` fi`y, tng strgssgs mtgxpgrmglfgs, `lj tng fn`logs ml tngsg strgssgs `rg f`iigj mts strgss nmsthry, wnmfn n`s ` d`ehr mluglfg hl mts
uljr`mlgj strglotn.
Zngsg a`fthrs `rg rggftgj ml tng Wppgr `lj Ihwgr OIW, wngrg tng mlmtm`i prg-fhlstruftmhl p `lj HFR `rg
fhdpmigj hl ` fhdphsmtg piht ml Amourg 7.2.7 usmlo F[Z j`t` arhd RF[Z0:-0;? `lj `ii `v`mi`big hgjhdgtgr j`t`.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 66
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
AMOWRG 7.2.75 MLMZM@I [RG FHLVZRWFZMHL VZRGVV NMVZHR]
; 7 0; 07 2; 27 6;
=07
=01
=0?
=0>
=0=
=2;
=20
=22
=26
=2:
=27
=21
=2?
=2>
G I G Q @ Z M H L ( d )
q t (D[`); 2;; :;; 1;; >;;
'p (c[`)
@QGR@OGJ HGJHDGZGR
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
; 2 : 1 > 0;HFR
@QGR@OGJ HGJHDGZGR
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
W[[GR ZMII
W[[GR OIW
IH_GR ZMII
IH_GR OIW
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Zng fhltmluhus pihts ha p `lj HFR `jhpt pubimsngj F[Z fhrrgi`tmhls, 2 wnmig tng i`bhr`thry-jgrmvgj j`t`
phmlts `rg t`cgl arhd @ppgljmx G. Arhd i`bhr`thry j`t`, tng `vgr`og p ahr tng Wppgr `lj Ihwgr OIW ulmts ms
:66 cmihp`sf`is (c[`) `lj ?:> c[` rgspgftmvgiy, wmtn fhrrgsphljmlo HFRs ha 1.; `lj 1.=.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;076:
Zng jm grglfgs ml prhpgrtmgs `rg sudd`rmzgj mlZ`big 7.2.0. Jr`wmlo J0> ml @ppgljmx J prhvmjgs aurtngr jgt`mis ha
tng prhpgrtmgs.
Z@BIG 7.2.0 [RG FHLVZRWFZMHL [RH[GRZMGV HA W[[GR @LJ IH_GR OIW ML BRG@FN @RG@
VZR@ZMOR@[NMF WLMZ _@ZGR FHLZGLZ,@QO. @LJ R@LOG
F[Z ZM[ RGVMVZ@LFG,q t @QO., R@LOG, @LJ
FHLVMVZGLF]
[RGFHLVHIMJ@ZMHL[RGVVWRG, p
@QO. @LJ R@LOG
HQGRFHLVHIMJ@ZMHLR@ZMH, HFR
@QO. @LJ R@LOG
Wppgr OIW62%
0= 76
6.: D[`2.0 :.2
(stm th v. stm )
:66 c[`(602 767)
1.;(:.0 ?.?)
Ihwgr OIW2:%
0= 2=
00.: D[`7.1 01
(v. stm th n`rj)
?:> c[`(?;0 ?=:)
1.=(1.? ?.2)
Z`cgl thogtngr, tngsg prhpgrtmgs snhw tn`t tng Wppgr OIW ms tng wg`cgr ha tng twh ulmts.
7.2.1 G^ZGLZ @LJ FHLZMLWMZ] HA W[[GR OIW
N`vmlo t`rogtgj tng Wppgr OIW `s tng fhltrhiimlo str`tud, mt ms ha
aurtngr mltgrgst th jgtgrdmlg mts gxtglt. Zngsg rgsuits `rg `ish nmoniysmolmfff`lt.Amourg 7.2.1 jgdhlstr`tgs tn`t tng Wppgr OIW ms lht
pgrv`smvg tnrhuonhut tnms gltmrg sgftmhl ha tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt.
But ms prgsglt ml tng `rg` bglg`tn tng ahhtprmlt bgtwggl Vt`. :+;7;
`lj Vt`. :+6;;. Dhrghvgr, tng org`tgst tnmfclgss jmrgftiy uljgrimgs tng
rgd`mlmlo simjg jgbrms hl tng rmont smjg ha tng brg`fn, tnmllmlo thw`rj
tng igat but stmii gxtgljmlo `frhss tng gltmrg wmjtn. Zng d`xmdud
tnmfclgss `ish jmrgftiy uljgrimgs tng ihf`tmhl ha tng jhwlstrg`d thg ha tng gdb`lcdglt `t tng tmdg ha a`miurg.
Zngrg `rg sd iigr-sf`ig v`rm`tmhls gvgl wmtnml tnms `rg .Amourg 7.2.1 snhws ` ihf`imzgj tnmfcglmlo th tng g`st, eust
`t tng imdmt ha tng simjg arhdAmourg 7.0.?.
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
N`vmlo t`rogtgj tng Wppgr
OIW `s tng fhltrhiimlo
str`tud, mt ms ha aurtngr
mltgrgst th jgtgrdmlg mts
gxtglt. Zngsg rgsuits `rg `ish
nmoniy smolmfff`lt.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;0761
Vtr`tmor`pnmf v`rm`tmhls hl ` i`rogr sf`ig `rg `ish `pp`rglt arhd Amourg 7.2.?, wnmfn rgi`tgs tng Wppgr `lj Ihwgr
OIW ulmts t tng brg`fn th oi`fmhi`fustrmlg shmis gisgwngrg t bhrmlo ihf`tmhls prgsgltgj prgvmhusiy mlAmourg 7.2.2.
Zng Wppgr OIW t tng brg`fn snhws pp`rglt smdmi rmtmgs th oi`fmhi`fustrmlg shmis t smdmi r gigv`tmhl ml O_=1-0@ tn
whuij bg fn`r`ftgrmzgj `s shat th dgjmud-stm `ffhrjmlo th tngmr st`lj`rj pglgtr`tmhl tgst (V[Z) bihw fhult ha 1.
Hl tng htngr n`lj, tng uppgrdhst OIW i`ygr glfhultgrgj ml Q_00-0; n`s `l `vgr`og w`tgr fhltglt ha 26%, wnmfn
fhrrgsphljs fihsgiy th tn`t ha tng Ihwgr OIW snhwl ml Z`big 7.2.0 . Jgt`mis `rg prhvmjgj ml @ppgljmx J.
AMOWRG 7.2.?5 FHD[@RMVHL HA OIW WLMZV ML BRG@FN ZH HZNGR @RG@V
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
=:;
=6;
=2;
=0;
=;;
G I G Q @ Z M H L
( d )
BRG@FN @RG@VN0:-0;
([@LGI "Z][MF@I F@VG")
@DGFVGFZMHL J
Q_00-0;
C[O_=1-0@/B
[@LGI "W[[GR OIW"
[@LGI "IH_GR OIW"
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 6?
Zngsg miiustr tmhls ha bhtn sd ii-sf`ig `lj i`rog-sf ig v`rm`tmhl ml
str`tmor`pny `lj prhpgrtmgs ha tng OIW d`tgrm`is sgrvg th nmonimont tng
fhdpigxmty tn`t tngmr jgphsmtmhl`i glvmrhldglt prhjufgj. Znms jgorgg
ha oghihomf fhdpigxmty jmsfhur`ogs `ttgdpts `t brh`jgr oglgr`imz`tmhl
bgyhlj tng mddgjm`tg rg`s wngrg subsura`fg j`t` n`vg bggl hbt`mlgj.
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
Bhtn sd`ii-sf`ig `lj
i`rog-sf`ig v`rm`tmhl ml
str`tmor`pny `lj prhpgrtmgs
ha tng OIW d`tgrm`is sgrvg
th nmonimont tng fhdpigxmty
tn`t tngmr jgphsmtmhl`i
glvmrhldglt prhjufgj.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;076>
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
7.2.? IHF@ZMHL @LJ FN@R@FZGRMVZMFV HA A@MIWRG VWRA@FG
Vgftmhl 7.0 prgvmhusiy mjgltmffgj tng gltry ha tng a`miurg sura`fg tnrhuon tng survmvmlo fhrg rgdl`lt `lj mlth tng
uppgr ahulj`tmhl tmii. Zng subsura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls jgsfrmbgj ngrg rgvg`i tng l`turg `lj ihf`tmhl ha tng a`miurg
sura`fg `t jgptn.
@s wmii bg fnrhlmfigj ml sgftmhl 7.:, tng prgsglfg ha ` oi`fm`iiy prg-sng`rgj sura`fg ml tng j`d ahulj`tmhl phsgj
smolmfff`lt ulfgrt`mlty tnrhuonhut tng jgsmol prhfgss. Znms typg ha prg-sng`rmlo, wmtn tng rgsmju`i strglotn mt
prhjufgs, w`s `ish nyphtngsmzgj `s ` phtgltm`i a`miurg dgfn`lmsd by tng [`lgi ml sgftmhl :.6.:. Fhddglsur`tg
g hrt w`s jgvhtgj th jgtgftmlo tng prgsglfg ha prg-sng`rmlo ml ahulj`tmhl shmis wmtnml tng brg`fn.
[rg-sng`rmlo ml stm , fi`ygy shmis d`lmagsts `s ` tnml (` agw dmiimdgtrgs th agw fgltmdgtrgs) zhlg wmtn simfcglsmjgs
snmly sura`fgs phimsngj by sng`rmlohl bhtn smjgs ha tng zhlg hr wmtnml mt. Zngsg sura`fgs `rg fhltmluhus `lj
tr`fg`big bgtwggl bhrmlos, hatgl `ihlo bgjjmlo. _nmig jgt`migj ihoomlo jmj snhw shdg sd`ii, jmsfhltmluhus
simfcglsmjgj sura`fgs `t r`ljhd hrmglt`tmhls, `l gxpgftgj fhljmtmhl ml stm fi`ys, lh fhltmluhus sura`fgs fhddhl
th duitmpig bhrmlos wgrg ahulj. Ml tnms rgspgft, tng [`lgis mlvgstmo`tmhl `t tng brg`fn fhrrhbhr`tgj tng dhrg
oglgr`i fhlfiusmhl ha tng 2;00 smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl.6
Gvgl sh, tng Wppgr OIW gxnmbmtgj htngr smols ha sng`rmlo mlsmjg but lht hutsmjg tng brg`fn. Ahr gx`dpig,Amourg 7.2.>
fhdp`rgs tng Wppgr OIW ahr tngsg twh ihf`tmhls.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 6=
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
AMOWRG 7.2.> W[[GR OIW ` MLVMJG ZNG BRG@FN, b HWZVMJG ZNG BRG@FN
Zng tnmliy i`dml tgj, pi`l r v`rvmlo hutsmjg tng brg`fn fhltr`sts sn`rpiy wmtn tng fhlthrtgj lj ahijgj i`dml tmhls
wmtnml mt. Znms ms fhlsmstglt wmtn sng`rmlo ha tng Wppgr OIW n`vmlo hffurrgj wmtnml tng brg`fn.
@jjmtmhl`iiy, F[Z tmp rgsmst`lfg qt ml tng Wppgr OIW v`rmgs systgd`tmf`iiy. Jr`wmlos J0= `lj J2; ml @ppgljmx J
snhw tn`t `vgr`og q t mlsmjg tng brg`fn ms hliy `bhut hlg-tnmrj th twh-tnmrjs ha tn`t hutsmjg ha mt (mlagrrgj sglsmtmvmt
ha 0.; th 6.;), rggftmlo tng g gfts ha rgdhuijmlo `ttrmbut`big th sng`rmlo. Nglfg, bhtn vmsu`i mlspgftmhl `lj F[Z
j`t` mljmf`tg tn`t tng a`miurg prhjufgj sng`rmlo ml tng Wppgr OIW. Znms, thogtngr wmtn mts igss a`vhur`big prhpgrtmgs
sudd`rmzgj ml Z`big 7.2.0 , mjgltmffgs tng Wppgr OIW `s tng ihf`tmhl ha tng a`miurg sura`fg ml tng `l`iysgs th bg
prgsgltgj ml sgftmhl 1.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07:;
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
7.2.> FHDDGLZ@R]
Zng cgy ffljmlos ha tng subsura`fg mlvgstmo`tmhls wmtn rgo`rj th tng a`miurg dgfn`lmsd f`l bg sudd`rmzgj
`s ahiihws5
Zng Wppgr OIW f`l bg jmstmloumsngj `s ` jmstmlft ahulj`tmhl ulmt b`sgj hl mts w`tgr fhltglt ljhtngr prhpgrtmgs.
Zng a`miurg hffurrgj wmtnml v`rvgj smits `lj fi`ys ha tng Wppgr OIW.
Zngrg ms lh mljmf`tmhl ha prg-sng`rmlo ml tngsg hr htngr ahulj`tmhl shmis.
Vtr`tmor`pnmf v`rm`bmimty rggfts ` fhdpigx oghihomf glvmrhldglt lj jgphsmtmhl`i nmsthry.
Bgyhlj tngsg mddgjm`tg ffljmlos img htngr mlsmonts tn`t fhlfgrl fn`r`ftgrmz`tmhl ha tng OIW jurmlo tng jgsmol
prhfgss. Zngsg `rg sudd`rmzgj bgihw5
Zng jmsfhltmluhus Wppgr OIW str`tud, tng sg`t ha tng a`miurg, w`s mlagimfmthusiy smtu`tgj `t tng whrst phssmbigpi`fg ml tng j`d ahulj`tmhl.
Zng typg `lj gxtglt ha prg-a`miurg smtg mlvgstmo tmhls wgrg lht sustfmglt th jgtgft tnms str`tud hr mjgltmay mtsfrmtmf`i l`turg.
Zng strglotn bgn`vmhur ha tng OIW w`s dmsmltgrprgtgj.
Zng ffrst twh ha tngsg phmlts `rg gvmjglt arhd tng d`tgrm`i prgsgltgj `bhvg. Zng tnmrj rgqumrgs gxpi`l`tmhl.
Arhd tng hutsgt, tng stm lgss ha OIW d`tgrm`is ml tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt ahulj`tmhl w`s rgfholmzgj `lj `ttrmbutgj
th hvgrfhlshimj`tmhl. Ml rgsphlsg th ` rgvmgw fhddglt by tng Dmlmstry ha Glgroy `lj Dmlgs (DGD), C[ hbt`mlgj
s`dpigs ha OIW d`tgrm`is `t tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt ml 0==7. : Fhddgltmlo hl tng fn`r`ftgrmstmfs ha tngsg shmis, C[
d`jg tng ahiihwmlo hbsgrv`tmhls5
Zwh `jjmtmhl`i Vngiby s`dpigs wgrg rgfgltiy fhiigftgj (D`y 01, 0==7) jurmlo tng shmi mlvgstmo`tmhl survgy. Zngsg s`dpigs
wgrg hbt`mlgj arhd tng oi`fmhi`fustrmlg sgjmdglts `lj n`vg fhlffrdgj tn`t tng ahulj`tmhl d`tgrm`is fhlsmst ha jglsg,
hvgrfhlshimj`tgj d`tgrm`is. Ml a`ft, mt w`s gxtrgdgiy jmstfuit th mlsgrt tng Vngiby tubgs ml tng ffgij `lj mt w`s lht phssmbig
th gxtr`ft tng uljmsturbgj s`dpigs arhd tng tubgs ml tng i`bhr`thry... Mt ms ulimcgiy tn`t `ly smolmfff`lt phrg prgssurg
jgvgihpdglt wmii hffur ml tngsg d`tgrm`is jurmlo fhlstruftmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglt.
C[ fhlfiujgj tn`t lh smolmfff`lt phrg prgssurgs whuij jgvgihp, but jmj lht jmrgftiy rgi`tg tnms th tng g gftmvg-strgss
strglotn prhpgrtmgs mts st`bmimty `l`iysgs `jhptgj. Znms fhllgftmhl w`s d`jg gxpimfmt dufn i`tgr ml @DGFs 2;00
Oghtgfnlmf`i Vmtg Mlvgstmo`tmhl.7
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 :0
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
@dhlo htngr tnmlos, tng @DGF rgphrt fhdpmigj `ii `v`mi`big j`t` ahr Imqumjmty Mljgx (IM) `t tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt,
` i`bhr`thry p`r`dgtgr tn`t f`l bg fhrrgi`tgj th prgfhlshimj`tmhl prgssurg p. Zng rgphrt lhtgj tn`t ` ludbgr
ha OIW s`dpigs n`j ihw IM v`iugs lg`r zgrh, shdg ha tngd gvgl lgo`tmvg, phmltmlo `o`ml th tng hvgrfhlshimj`tgj
fhljmtmhl ha tng OIW. Gi`bhr`tmlo hl tng strglotn mltgrprgt`tmhl tnms supphrtgj, tng rgphrt wglt hl th s`y5
Dhrghvgr, ahr ng`vmiy hvgrfhlshimj`tgj shmis wmtn nmon fflgs fhltglts (sufn `s tng OIW) tn`t wmii sng`r ml `l uljr`mlgj
d`llgr jug th ihw nyjr`uimf fhljuftmvmty, tng uljr`mlgj sng`r strglotn wmii typmf`iiy gxfggj tng jr`mlgj sng`r strglotn,
hwmlo th lgo`tmvg sng`r-mljufgj phrg prgssurg.
Znus, uljr`mlgj strglotn fhuij bg jmsrgo`rjgj ahr tng OIW, wmtn jr`mlgj (g gftmvg-strgss) strglotn ppimf`big mlstg`j.
Rgvmgw ha tng @DGF j`t` f`iis mlth qugstmhl tng prgdmsg ha tnms fhlfiusmhl. _nmig dhst ha tng IM v`iugs wgrg mljggj
ihw, auiiy hlg-tnmrj ha tngd wgrg gqu`i th hr org`tgr tn`l ;.7. Znms dg`ls tn`t smolmfff`lt phrtmhls ha tng OIW bglg`tn
tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt wgrg lht sh ng`vmiy hvgrfhlshimj`tgj. Arhd pubimsngj fhrrgi`tmhls, 1 tng [`lgi gstmd`tgs tn`t
p ahr tngsg nmongr IM v`iugs r`logj arhd `bhut 27; th 7?7 c[`, qumtg smdmi`r th tng r`log ahr tng Wppgr OIW `t
tng brg`fn arhd Z`big 7.2.0 . Zngsg p v`iugs fhrrgsphlj th `l `vgr`og HFR ha hliy `bhut 6, omvgl tng ih`jmlo
fhljmtmhls ha tng f`t`ihougj s`dpigs, mlsustfmgltiy nmon th w`rr`lt lgoigftmlo uljr`mlgj strglotn.
But dhrg tn`l tnms, tng `ssgssdglt jmj lht `ffhult ahr strgss nmsthrynhw tngsg ih`jmlo fhljmtmhls v`rmgj `t
jm grglt ihf`tmhls bglg`tn tng j`d hr nhw tngy whuij fn`log hvgr tmdg. Vt`og ? ha tng D`ml Gdb`lcdglt n`j
eust bggl fhdpigtgj `t tng tmdg ha 2;00 smtg mlvgstmo tmhl. Zng [`lgi
gstmd`tgs tn`t lhrd`iiy fhlshimj`tgj fhljmtmhls (HFR40) n`j `irg`jy
bggl rg`fngj bglg`tn tng frgst ha Vt`og 2 yg`rs bgahrg `lj whuij
fhltmlug th prhp`o`tg hutw`rj bglg`tn tng sihpg `s tng j`d orgw
nmongr. Zng cgy a`fthr tn`t wglt ulrgfholmzgj w`s tn`t uljr`mlgj
strglotn bgn`vmhur whuij ulgqumvhf`iiy fhltrhi ahr tngsg lhrd`iiy
fhlshimj`tgj fhljmtmhls.
Zng s`dg g gft, gqu`iiy ulrgfholmzgj, whuij hffur `t tng [grmdgtgr Gdb`lcdglt brg`fn sgftmhl. Lhrd`iiy
fhlshimj`tgj fhljmtmhls, `lj tng ohvgrlmlo uljr`mlgj strglotn `ffhdp`lymlo tngd, whuij ffrst jgvgihp bglg`tn
tng frgst jurmlo Vt`og 7 `lj fhltmlug th sprg j tngrg`atgr. Znms whuij sgt tng st`og ahr dufn tn`t ahiihwgj.
Zng cgy a`fthr tn`t wglt
ulrgfholmzgj w`s tn`t
uljr`mlgj strglotn bgn`vmhur
whuij ulgqumvhf`iiy
fhltrhi ahr tngsg lhrd`iiy
fhlshimj`tgj fhljmtmhls.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07:2
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
7.6 @JQ@LFGJ I@BHR@ZHR] VZWJMGV
7.6.0 MLZRHJWFZMHL
@ jmstmlftmhl f`l bg d`jg bgtwggl rhutmlg `lj `jv`lfgj i`bhr`thry stujmgs. Rhutmlg i`bhr`thry stujmgs `rg
pgrahrdgj `s p`rt ha tng jgsfrmptmhl `lj fi`ssmfff`tmhl ha d`tgrm`is glfhultgrgj ml ` smtg fn`r`ftgrmz`tmhl stujy.
Rhutmlg i`bhr`thry stujmgs uljgrt`cgl ml tnms mlvgstmo`tmhl n`vg bggl rgphrtgj s p`rt ha tng jgsfrmptmhl ha d`tgrm`is
mjgltmffgj ml tng smtg fn`r`ftgrmz`tmhl mlvgstmo`tmhl (sgg @ppgljmx J). @jv`lfgj i`bhr`thry stujmgs rg uljgrt`cgl th
`mj ml tng gxpi`l`tmhl ha tng pnysmf`i rgsphlsg ha shmi th ih`jmlo. Mdphrt`lt rgsphlsgs rg tng rgjuftmhl ml vhiudg
ha shmi wngl ih`jgj, rggftgj by fhlshimj`tmhl tgstmlo, lj tng uitmd`tg rgsmst`lfg ha shmi spgfmdgl, s dg`surgj
by ` v`rmgty ha sng`r strglotn tgsts.
7.6.2 V@D[IMLO
Zng ehmlt smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl, sudd`rmzgj ml sgftmhl 7.2, fhlfgltr`tgj hl tng orhulj fhljmtmhls je`fglt th tng brg`fn
tn`t whuij n`vg bggl ` gftgj by tng orhulj dhvgdglts. Zng [`lgi-jmrgftgj mlvgstmo`tmhl fhlfgltr`tgj hl tng
orhulj fhljmtmhls je`fglt th tng jmsturbgj zhlg ml hrjgr th prhvmjg tng hpphrtulmty th mlspgft shmi fhljmtmhls tn`t
whuij lht n`vg bggl ` gftgj by tng orhulj dhvgdglts. Hbt`mlmlo uljmsturbgj s`dpigs ahr bhtn mlspgftmhl `lj
`jv`lfgj i`bhr`thry stujmgs w`s `l mltgor`i hbegftmvg ha tnms mlvgstmo`tmhl.
Hbt`mlmlo uljmsturbgj s`dpigs rgqumrgs pusnmlo ` tnml-w`iigj s`dpigr mlth tng orhulj. Omvgl tng fhljmtmhls
glfhultgrgj, tnms w`s lht ` str`montahrw`rj gxgrfmsg. Zng tmii fhlt`mls ludgrhus rhfcs, `lj gvgl tng fflg-or`mlgj
oi`fmhi`fustrmlg (OIW) jgphsmts fhlt`ml or`vgi-smzgj pmgfgs, dhst imcgiy jgphsmtgj jurmlo dgit ha mfg r`ats.
Zng mlvglthry ha s`dpigs tn`t wgrg phtgltm`iiy usgaui ahr uljmsturbgj s`dpig tgstmlo ms t`bui`tgj ml @ppgljmx G.
@ii s`dpigs wgrg subegft th sf`llmlo `t A[ Mllhv`tmhls `t tng Wlmvgrsmty ha Brmtmsn Fhiudbm` (WBF). Znms a`fmimty
uljgrt`cg bhtn ^-r`y `lj FZ sf`llmlo hl i`rog mtgds. Bhtn jmomt`i r`jmhor`pny `lj FZ sf`ls wgrg fhdpigtgj hl
`ii s`dpig tubgs. Hbsgrv`tmhl ha mltgrl`i jmsturb`lfg, vhmjs hr l`tur`i strufturg `mjgj ml tng qu`imty fhltrhi. Zng
nhrmzhlt`i FZ sf`ls uitmd`tgiy prhvgj bgst th jgtgrdmlg fhdpigx mltgri`ygrmlo `lj th jgtgft vhmjs. Amourg 7.6.0jmspi`ys ` s`dpig ha tmii (DR0:-0;:-V@>) tn`t gxnmbmts smolmfff`lt s`dpig jmsturb`lfg, thogtngr wmtn ` s`dpig ha tng
OIW (DR0:-0;1G-V@6) tn`t snhws mltgrl`i strufturg wmtn dmlmd`i jmsturb`lfg. Vf`ls pgrahrdgj hl tng mlvglthry ha
s`dpigs hbt`mlgj `rg mlfiujgj ml @ppgljmx G.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 :6
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
AMOWRG 7.6.05 FZ VF@L/ZMII/OIW
ZMII V@D[IG (DR0:-0;:-V@>)
JG[ZN5 00.: ZH 02.; D / GI. =2;.6 ZH =0=.? D
W[[GR OIW V@D[IG (DR0:-0;1G-V@6)
JG[ZN5 >.2 ZH >.> D / GI. =2;.7 ZH =0=.= D
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07::
7.6.6 HGJHDGZGR ZGVZV
Hgjhdgtgr tgsts `rg usgj th stujy tng rgjuftmhl ml vhmj r`tmh (phrhsmty),
wmtn `ppimgj ih`j smdui`tmlo tng fhlstruftmhl ha tng gdb`lcdglt ml
st`ogs. Zng fn`log ml furv`turg ha tng sgttigdglt rgsphlsg prhvmjgs `
b`sg ahr gstmd`tmlo tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl prgssurg ha tng jgphsmt, wnmfn ms
tng d`xmdud prgssurg gxpgrmglfgj by tng jgphsmt ml mts oghihomf`i p`st.
Zng tgfnlmqug ms miiustr`tgj mlAmourg 7.6.2ahr bhtn ` tmii spgfmdgl `lj `
OIW spgfmdgl. Zmii ms aulj`dglt`iiy igss fhdprgssmbig tn`l tng OIW, ljtng tgfnlmqug th gstmd`tg prgfhlshimj`tmhl strgss n`s org`tgr ulfgrt`mlty.
Zng j`t` rgvg i tn`t tngsg jgphsmts `rg lht nmoniy hvgrfhlshimj tgj
`lj tn`t tng prgssurg th bg `ppimgj by tng gdb`lcdglt wmii gxfggj
tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl prgssurg, frg`tmlo lhrd`iiy fhlshimj`tgj fhljmtmhls. Lhrd`iiy fhlshimj`tgj fhljmtmhls `rg
fhljufmvg ahr tng shmi th bgn`vg ml ` fhltr`ftmvg d`llgr wngl subegftgj th bhtn vgrtmf`i prgssurg `lj sng`r.
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
Zng j`t` rgvg`i tn`t tngsg
jgphsmts `rg lht nmoniy
hvgrfhlshimj`tgj `lj tn`t
tng prgssurg th bg `ppimgj
by tng gdb`lcdglt wmii
gxfggj tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl
prgssurg, frg`tmlo lhrd`iiy
fhlshimj`tgj fhljmtmhls.
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 :7
AMOWRG 7.6.25 [RGFHLVHIMJ@ZMHL VZRGVV GAAGFZ AHR BHZN ZMII @LJ OIW
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
;.2;
;.22
;.2:
;.21
;.2>
;.6;
;.62
;.6:
;.61
;.6>
;.:;
;.:2
;.::
;.:1
0; 0;; 0;;; 0;;;;
Q H M J R @ Z M H
QGRZMF@I VZRGVV (c[`)
DR0:-0;7 V`. :F - W[[GR ZMII
DR0:-0;1A V`. 6B - W[[GR OIW
[RGFHLVHIMJ@ZMHL [RGVVWRG, p
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07:1
[rgfhlshimj`tmhl prgssurg f`l `ish bg mlagrrgj arhd tng F[Z tgstmlo
fhljuftgj `s p`rt ha tng [`lgis smtg mlvgstmo`tmhl. @o`ml, hliy dhjgst
prgfhlshimj`tmhl strgssgs n`vg bggl jgtgrdmlgj. @ fhdp`rmshl
bgtwggl tng rgsuits hbt`mlgj arhd tng ffgij tgsts wmtn tnhsg hbt`mlgj
arhd tng hgjhdgtgr tgsts ms snhwl ml Amourg 7.6.6, `lj tng `orggdglt
ms `ffgpt`big. @s tng gdb`lcdglt w`s r`msgj th ` strgss igvgi bgyhlj
tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl strgssgs, tng uljgriymlo OIW rgvgrtgj th lhrd`iiy
fhlshimj`tgj bgn`vmhur.
AMOWRG 7.6.65 [RGFHLVHIMJ@ZMHL [RGVVWRG _MZN GIGQ@ZMHL
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
@s tng gdb`lcdglt w`s
r`msgj th ` strgss igvgi bgyhlj
tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl strgssgs,
tng uljgriymlo OIW rgvgrtgj
th lhrd`iiy fhlshimj`tgj
bgn`vmhur.
; 0;; 2;; 6;; :;; 7;; 1;; ?;; >;; =;; 0;;;=0=.;
=0=.7
=2;.;
=2;.7
=20.;
=20.7
=22.;
=22.7
=26.;
G I G Q @ Z M H L ( d )
'p (c[`)
ZN0:-0;7 - G[RM
ZN0:-0;7 - HGJHDGZGR
ZN0:-0;1 - G[RM
ZN0:-0;1 - HGJHDGZGR
ZN0:-0;? - G[RM
ZN0:-0;? - HGJHDGZGR
ZN0:-00; - G[RM
ZN0:-00; - HGJHDGZGR
ZN0:-000 - G[RM
ZN0:-000 - HGJHDGZGR
ZN0:-006 - G[RM
ZN0:-006 - HGJHDGZGR
IH_GR ZMII
W[[GR OIW
W[[GR ZMII
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07 :?
Zng j`t` arhd hgjhdgtgr tgsts `rg prgsgltgj ml @ppgljmx G, mlfiujmlo mlahrd`tmhl hl tng fhgstfmglt ha
fhlshimj`tmhl tn`t rggfts tng r`tg ha phrg prgssurg jmssmp`tmhl hl ih`jmlo. Amourg 7.6.: prhvmjgs `l gx`dpig
ha tnms rgsphlsg. Zng smolmfff`lt rgjuftmhl ml tnms v`iug ml tng OIW `t prgssurgs ml gxfgss ha tng prgfhlshimj`tmhl
strgss ms lhtgwhrtny.
AMOWRG 7.6.:5 Q@RM@ZMHL HA FHGAAMFMGLZ HA FHLVHIMJ@ZMHL _MZN @[[IMGJ QGRZMF@I VZRGVV
7 | [`lgi Hbsgrv`tmhls
;.;;;0
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F H G A A M F M G L Z H A F H L V H I M J @ Z M H L
, F
v ( f d
2 / s g f
)
QGRZMF@I VZRGVV (c[`)
DR0:-0;1N V`. 0B - W[[GR OIW
[RGFHLVHIMJ@ZMHL [RGVVWRG, p
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Mljgpgljglt Gxpgrt Glomlggrmlo Mlvgstmo`tmhl lj Rgvmgw [ lgi | E`lu`ry 6;, 2;07:>
7.6.: JMRGFZ VMD[IG VNG@R JVV ZGVZV
Zng subsura`fg fn`r`ftgrmz`tmhl n`s mlagrrgj ` sub-nhrmzhlt`i sng`r zhlg `t `bhut Gi. =2; d. Zng strglotn `ihlo
tnms zhlg ms bgst gv`iu`tgj by JVV tgsts, wnmfn prhvmjg tng r`tmh ha uljr`mlgj strglotn Vu th g gftmvg vgrtmf`i
fhlshimj`tmhl strgss Q , hr smdpiy tng uljr`mlgj strglotn r`tmh. Zgsts hl spgfmdgls arhd tng OIW ulmt tn`t rggft
t