report of the committee on fire prevention code...1-8 nfpa fire prevention code 689 i-3.4 right of...

684 R E P O R T OF C O M M I ' I ' r E E ON F I R E P R E V E N T I O N C O D E FPC-1

Report of the Committee on FIRE PREVENTION CODE

Chief James H. Riopelle, Chairman Portland Bureau of Fire

55 S. W. Ash St ree t Port land, Oregon 97204

Ronald K. Melott, Acting Secretary National Fire Protection Association

470 Atlantic Avenue Boston, Massachuse t t s 02210

Richard H. Bast, Fire Marshals Association of North America

Albert M. Campbell, Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Adminis- tration

Emmet Condon, Fire Marshals Association of North America

William J. Corbett, Amer ican Bar Association Commander Gordon H. Diekman, U. S. Coast

Guard Donald M. Johnson, Amer ican Pe t ro leum In-

s t i tu te Mark E. Keane, In te rna t iona l Cities Man-

a g e m e n t Association I ~ b e r t T. Kelly, Indus t r ia l Fire Protection

Section Theodore M. Mariani, Amer ican In s t i t u t e of

Archi tects Edwin T. Mitchell, Insurance Services Office Thomas M. Moses, Reedy Creek Improvemen t

Distr ic t Sanford Schreiber, Manufac tu r ing Chemis ts

Association

Gary Watson, American Insu rance Associa- tion

Robert J. Warsocki, In te rna t iona l Association of Fire F igh t e r s

Alternates

Harry Bigglestone, Insu rance Services Office (Alternate to Edwin T. Mitchell)

William Carpenter , In terna t ional Association of Fire F igh t e r s (Al ternate to Robert War- socki)

Herber t W. Eisenberg, Amer ican Ins t i tu t e of Architects (Al ternate to Theodore Mariani)

J a spe r S. Hawldna, American I n s t i t u t e of Ar- chitects (Alternate to Theodore Mariani)

John L. Jabloasky, Amer ican In su rance As- sociation (Alternate to Gary Watson)

Donald E. Kelley, Depa r tmen t of Labor, Oc- cupat ional Safe ty And Heal th Adminis t ra- tion (Alternate to Albert M. Campbell)

FPC-2 V O T E S T A T E M E N T OF C O M M I T T E E

685

T h e Commit tee on Fire Prevent ion Code, in keeping with the mandate o f the NFPA Board o f Directors, presents for official adopt ion a new code entit led FIRE P R E V E N T I O N CODE OF THE NATIONAL FIRE P R O T E C T I O N ASSOCIA- TION, NFPA No. 1. This Code is in tended for use with the codes and standards o f the NFPA in the promulgat ion of a local fire prevent ion code.

This report has been submitted to letter ballot of the Committee which consists of 15 voting members of whom 10 have voted affirmatively, 1 negatively, and 4 did not return ballots.

Messrs. Campbell, Corbett, Keane and Moses did not return ballots in spite of follow-up action. Mr. Warsocki voted negatively for the following reason:

"Sections 3-1.1.2, 3-1.1.3, 3-1.1.7, and 3-1.1.11 might be a workable arrangement for those premises under protection of a volunteer district but would not be in the best interests of those paid departments that are made up of members that are rep- resented by the IAFF. Too much authority for inspection, suppression, and investigation is vested in those who have proficiency in areas other than fire protection."

686 A D M I N I S T R A T I O N AND ENFORCEMENT 1-5

Chapter I Administration and Enforcement

I-1 Title, Purpose and Intent.

I-! .1 Tit le. T h e title of this Code shall.be. FIRE PRE- V E N T I O N CODE OF T H E N A T I O N A L FIRE PROTEC- T I O N A S S O C I A T I O N (NFPA No. 1). T h e short title of this Code shall be the NFPA FIRE P R E V E N T I O N CODE.

I-I .2 Purpose and Intent. T h e purpose o f this Code is to provide for the prevent ion o f fire and explosion th rough the regulat ion o f conditions which could cause fire or explosion and pan ic result ing there f rom.

It is the intent o f this Code to identify and use specific s tandards and codes publ ished by the National Fire Protection Association and to set those requi rements necessary for the administrat ion o f this Code.

I-2 Application, Validity, Retroactivity, Limitations, Damage or Injury Liability and Adopted References.

I-2.1 Appl icat ion. T h e provisions o f this Code shall apply to all buildings, structures, marine vessels, premises, and conditions within this jurisdiction. T h e provisions of this Code shall apply equally to existing as well as new conditions except that existing condit ions not in strict compliance with this Code may be permi t ted to cont inue unless in the opinion of the Fire Marshal they consti tute a distinct fire hazard to life or the p roper ty of others based on available data.

T h e provisions o f this Code do not apply to one- or two- family dwellings in the normal use or maintenance thereof , except that this Code shall apply whenever the activity or use of such dwelling creates a distinct fire hazard to life or the p roper ty o f others based on available data.

I-2.2 Exis t ing Law Cont inued . T h e provisions of this Code, as far as they are substantially the same as existing provisions o f law relating to the same subject matter, shall be cons t rued as restatements and continuat ions t he r eo f and not as new enactments.

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The adoption of this Code or the repeal of any other existing provision of law including regulations or orders shall not be construed to alter any time limit which may have been imposed by any existing law, regulation or order of the Fire Marshal relating to compliance with such limits.

i-2.3 Severability. If any provision of this Code is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, it shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Code.

!-2.4 Other Laws, Limitations and Permits.

I-2.4.1 This Code is intended to be used in conjunction with existing laws and nothing in this Code shall be construed as rendering other applicable laws invalid. Where no law exists or where existing law is silent in any area where this Code sets forth specific provisions, the provisions of this Code shall apply. In any situation where a conflict exists between a provision of this Code and any existing law, the existing law shall prevail until such time as the conflict is resolved by action of the governing body of this jurisdiction. (See Annex E-1-2.4.1.)

1-2.4.2 No permits set forth in this Code shall be required if the purpose of such permit is the same as any existing permit, license, certificate or approval issued by this jurisdiction or other governmental unit which has preempted this jurisdiction. (See Annex E-I-2.4.2.)

I-2.5 Codes and Standards Adopted.

I-2.5.1 Technical details regarding processes, methods, specifications, equipment testing and maintenance, design standards, performance, installation, of other pertinent criteria as contained in those standards and codes published by the National Fire Protection Association, and listed ill Annex A of this Code, shall be considered a part of this Code.

I-2.5.2 Applicable provisions of Standards, Laws, Manuals, Guides and Recommended Good Practices as listed in Annex B may be accepted by the Fire Marshal as appropriate for meeting the intent of this Code when specific provisions do not exist within this Code or other nationally recognized codes, standards or laws.

688 ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT 1-7

!-2.5.3 Copies of the adopted codes and standards shall be filed at a public office or offices as required by law and shall be available for public reference. (See Section 1 of.Annex D.)

1-2.6 Supplementary Requirements. The governing authority of this jurisdiction, through due process of law, may supplement or clarify this Code as may be necessary. Such supplements may include, but are not limited to, fee schedules, code penalties, and enforcement provisions. These supplementary requirements shall have the force, authority, andef fec t as if they were part of this Code, and shall be consistent with the spirit and intent of this Code.

i-3 Authority. (See Annex E-l-3.)

I-3.1 Administration and Enforcement. This Code shall be administered and enforced by the fire official designated by the governing authority of this jurisdiction as having this responsibility. For purposes of this Code, this fire official is called the Fire Marshal. He shall meet. those qualifications as may be set forth by the jurisdiction as being necessary to effectively administer this Code. (See Annex E-I-3.1.)

I-3.2 Enforcement Assistance. Police and other law enforcement agencies having authority in this jurisdiction shall render necessary assistance in the enforcement of this Code when requested to do so by the Fire Marshal.

1-3.3 Alternatives. (See Annex E-1-3.3.)

i-3.3.1 Whenever this Code requires a particular system, condition, arrangement, material, equipment or any other particular provision, the Fire Marshal may accept alternatives provided that such alternatives shall afford a substantially equivalent level of safety.

!-3.3.2 Application for Alternatives. Each application for an alternative shall be filed with the Fire Marshal and shall be accompanied by such evidence, letters, statements, results of tests or other supporting information as may be required to justify the request. The Fire Marshal shall keep a record of his actions on such applications and a signed copy of his decision shall be provided for the applicant.


689

I-3.4 Right of Entry.

I-3,4.1 T o the full extent permi t ted by law, any fire official engaged in fire prevent ion and in spec t ion ,work is authorized at all reasonable times to en ter and examine any building, marine vessel, vehicle or premises for the purpose o f making fire safety inspections. Before en te r ing a private building or dwelling, the fire official shall obtain the consent o f the occupant t he reo f or obtain a cour t warrant author iz ing his ent ry for the purpose o f inspection except in those instances where an emergency exists. As used in this section EMERGENCY means circumstances which the fire official knows, or has reason to believe, exist and which reasonably may constitute immedia te danger to life and proper ty .

I-3.4.2 Persons author ized to en te r a n d inspect buildings, marine vessels, vehicles, and premises as herein set for th shall be identified by p r o p e r credentials issued by this jurisdiction.

I-3.4.3 It shall be unlawful for any person to in ter fere with a fire official carrying out any duties or functions prescribed by this Code.

! -3 .4 .4 It shall be unlawful for any unau thor ized person to use an official badge, uni form, or o ther credentials so as to impersonate a fire official for the purpose o f gaining access to any building, marine vessel, vehicle, or premises in this jur isdic t ion.

I-3.4.5 Implied Consent. Any application for, or acceptance of, any permi t reques ted or issued pursuan t to this Code, constitutes ag reement and consent by the person making the application or accepting the permi t to allow the Fire Marshal to en ter the premises to conduc t such inspections as required by this Code.

!-3.5 Authority to Investigate Fires and Explosions. T h e Fire Marshal shall have the author i ty to investigate the cause, origin, and circumstances o f any fire or explosion involving a loss o f life, injuries to persons, or destruct ion or damage to proper ty . When, in the opinion o f the Fire Marshal, reasonable cause exists that the fire or explosion may have been o f incen- diary origin, the Fire Marshal shall have the authori ty to take

690 A D M I N I S T R A T I O N A N D E N F O R C E M E N T 1-9

custody of all physical evidence relating to the cause of tile fire or explosion and to continue the investigation to conclusion. Proprietary information which may relate to trade secrets or processes shall not be nlade part of the public record except as may be directed by a court of law.

I-4 Enforcement Provisions.

I-4.1 Responsibility for Code Enforcement.

I-4.1.1 Administration and Enforcement. The Fire Marshal shall be responsible for the administration and enforcement of this Code to insure compliance therewith.

1-4.1.2 Issuance of Code-Related Documents. The Fire Marshal shall be responsible for the issuance of permits, certificates, notices, approvals, and other orders pertaining to fire control and fire hazards as provided for in this Code.

1-4.1.3 Assistants to Fire Marshal. Qualifications of the personnel assigned to assist the Fire Marshal in carrying out the inspection and enforcement procedures required by this Code shall be established on the basis of merit by reason of education, experience, technical competence or examination.

1-4.1.4 Members of the Fire Department may be required to carry out inspection functions to accomplish the duties imposed by this Code.

1-4.2 Hazard Abatement Procedures.

1-4.2.1 Summary Abatement. The Fire Marshal shall have the authority to summarily abate any condition which is in violation of any provision of this Code and which presents immediate danger to life.

1-4.2.2 Written Notice. Except as provided in Section 1-4.2.1 of this Code, whenever the Fire Marshal shall find any violation of this Code, he shall report and discuss such violations with the owner, operator, occupant or other responsible person to determine a schedule and procedure for corrective action. He shall also issue written notices to confirm such findings and discussions as may be necessary to secure compliance with this Code. Every notice shall set forth a time limit for compliance. Such time limit shall be correlated to the degree of hazard created by the violation.


691

1-4.2.3 Existing Condition Correction Notice. The Fire Marshal shall issue a written notice whenever he finds that a certain provision of this Code shall be applied to existing conditions under the authority of Section 1-2.1 of this Code.

1-4.3 Serving of Notices. Any order or notice issued pursuant to this Code shall be served upon the owner, operator, occupant or other person responsible for the condition or violation, either by personal service, or by delivering the same to, and leaving it with, some person of responsibility upon the premises. For unattended or abandoned locations, a copy of such order or notice shall be posted on the premises in a conspicuous place at or near the entrance to such premises and the order or notice shall be mailed by registered or certified mail, with return receipt requested, to the last known address of the owner, occupant or both.

1-4.4 Revocation, Suspension or Denial of Permits, Ap- provals or Certificates.

1-4.4.1 General. The Fire Marshal shall have the power to revoke, suspend or deny the granting of any permit, approval, or certificate required by this Code for noncompliance with the provisions of such a permit, approval, certificate, or failure to meet the provisions of this Code for the issuance of such permit, certificate or approval.

1-4.5 Records Required. The Fire Marshal shall keep a record of all fire prevention inspections, including the date of such inspections and a summary of any violations found to exist, the date of the services of notices, and a memorandum of the final disposition of all violations.

All records required to be kept by this section shall be maintained until their usefulness has been served, or as otherwise may be required.

1-5 Board of Appeals. (See Annex E- l -5 and Section 17 of Annex D. )

1-5.1 Appointment. A Board of Appeals is hereby created and established consisting of members who, by education and experience, are qualified to pass upon the application of this Code as it affects the interests of the general public. Board members shall not be officers, agents, or employees of this jurisdiction. All members and alternate members shall be


appointed and serve in accordance with the terms and conditions of the authority having jurisdiction. The Board shall establish rules and regulations for conducting its business and shall render all decisions and findings in writing to the Fire Marshal, with a copy to the appellant.

No more than one of said members or their alternates shall be engaged in the same business, profession or line of en- deavor. No member of the Board of Appeals shall sit in judgement on any case in which he, personally, is directly interested.

1-5.2 Purpose. The Board of Appeals shall provide for reasonable interpretation of the provisions of this Code and rule on appeals from decisions of the Fire Marshal.

1-5.3 Duties. The Board of Appeals shall meet whenever directed by the appointing authority for the purpose of interpreting the provisions of this Code and to consider and rule on any properly filed appeal from a decision of the Fire Marshal, giving at least five days notice of hearing, but in no case shall it fail to meet on an appeal within 30 days of the filing of notice of appeal. All of the meetings of the Board shall be open to the public.

I-6 Violations.

i-6.1 General. Any person who fails to comply with the provisions of this Code or who fails to carry out an order made pursuant of this Code or violates any condition attached to a permit, approval, or certificate, shall be subject to the penalties established by this jurisdiction. (See Annex E-I-6.1.)

1-7 Permits. (See Annex E-I-7.

I-7.1 General.

I-7.1.1 A permit shall be )redicated upon compliance with the requirements of this Code and shall constitute written authority issued by the Fire Marshal to maintain, store, use, or handle materials or to conduct processes which produce conditions hazardous to life or property or to install equipment used in connection with such activities. Any permit issued under this Code shall not take the place of any other license or permit required by other codes or laws of this jurisdiction. (See Section 1-2.4.2.)


693

!-7.1.2 A permit issued under this Code shall continue until revoked or for the period of time designated therein at the time of the issuance of the permit. The permit shall be issued to one person only and for the location or purpose described in the permit. The permit shall not be transferable and any change, such as change of location, occupancy, operations, ownership, or use, which affects any of the conditions of the permit, shall require a new permit. (See Annex E-1-7.1.2.)

I-7.1.3 The Fire Marshal may grant an extension of the permit time period upon presentation by the permittee of a satisfactory reason for failure to start or complete the work or activity authorized by the permit within the required time period of the permit.

I-7.2 Permit Required. In accordance with the detailed requirements of this jurisdiction, "a permit shall be obtained to conduct the following operations, or to store, handle or use those hazardous materials which are considered to present an extra or unusual fire hazard to life or property. (See Annex E-1-7.2.)

Bonfires and Outdoor Rubbish Fires Combustible Dust Producing Operations Compressed and Liquefied Gases Explosive Materials Flammable and Combustible Liquids Flammable Finishing Fireworks Pyroxylin Plastics (Cellulose Nitrate) Welding, Cutting and Other Hot Work

I-7.2.3 Temporary Permit. When a temporary hazardous situation is anticipated for conditions not otherwise regulated by this Code, the Fire Marshal is authorized, based on applicable data, to issue a temporary special permit for the duration of the hazard.

I-7.2.4 Consolidated Permit. Only one permit shall be required for each location of a firm which may be required to obtain more than one permit under permit requirements. Such consolidated permit shall list all hazardous materials or operations covered by the permit. Revocation of any portion or portions of such consolidated permit for specific hazardous materials or operations shall not invalidate any remaining portion of the permit. (See Annex E-1-7.2.4.)


!-7.3 Processing and Use of Permits.

!-7.3.1 Application for Permit. Applications for permits shall be made to the Fire Marshal on forms provided by the jurisdiction and shall include the applicant's answers in full to inquiries set forth on such forms. Applications for permits shall be accompanied by such data as may be required by the Fire Marshal and fees as may be required by the jurisdiction. (See Annex E-1-7.3.1.)

i-7.3.2 Review and Issuance. The Fire Marshal shall review all applications submitted, determine compliance with applicable provisions of the Code and issue permits as required. If an application for a permit is rejected by the Fire Marshal,,he shall advise the applicant of the reasons for such rejection. Permits for activities requiring evidence of financial responsibility by the jurisdiction shall .not be issued unless proof of required financial responsibility is furnished.

!-7.3.3 Display of Permits. A copy of the permit shall be posted at each place of operation or carried by the permit holder as specified by the Fire Marshal.

!-7.3.4 Authority to Require Exposure or Stop Work. Whenever any installation is covered or concealed without having first been inspected, the Fire Marshal may require by written notice that such work shall be exposed for inspection. Any cost of such exposing and recovering shall be borne by the permittee.

When any construction or installation work is being performed in violation of the plans and specifications as approved by the Fire Marshal, a written notice shall be issued to the responsible party to stop work on that portion of the work which is in violation. The notice shall state the nature of the violation, and no work shall be continued on that portion until the violation has been corrected.

I-7.3.5 Compliance Required. Any activity authorized by any permit issued under this Code shall be conducted by the permittee, his agents, or employees in compliance with all requirements of this Code applicable thereto, and in accordance with the approved plans and specifications. No permit issued under this Code shall be interpreted to justify a violation of any provision of this Code or any other applicable law or regulation. Any addition or alteration of activities conducted

1-14 NFPA FIRE P R E V E N T I O N C O D E

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under a permit issued under this Code, or any addition or alteration of approved plans or specifications, shall be approved in advance by the Fire Marshal, as evidenced by the issuance of a new or amended permit.

!-7.3.6 Permit Con ten t s . Permits shall be issued by the Fire Marshal and shall bear his name and signature or that of his designated representative. In addition, the permit shall show:

(a) Operation or activities for which the permit is issued.

(b) Address or location where the operation or activity is to be conducted.

(c) Name and address of the permittee.

(d), Permit number and. date of issuance.

(e) Period of vfilidity of the permit. (See Annex E-1-7.1.2.)

I-8 Approvals.

I-8.1 General. The Fire Marshal shall examine the submitted plan.s for evidence of compliance with this Code. The Fire Marshal may require tests or other investigations to be conducted by an agency satisfactory to the jurisdiction when an appliance, device, equipment or system intended for installation does not specifically meet the requirements of this Code. Such tests or investigations shall be based upon nationally accepted test standards or principles. (See Annex E-I-8.1.)

I-8.2 Records. A record of approvals and exceptions granted shall be maintained in the Office of the Fire Marshal and shall be available to all persons for public inspection during business hours.

I-9 Certificates Of Fitness. When Certificates of" Fitness are required by this jurisdiction for performance of activities related to fire safety, the Fire Marshal shall be responsible for their issuance. (See Annex E-l-9.)

696 DEFt NITIONS 1" 15

Chapter 2 Definitions

2-1 Definitions. Words defined in this Code are intended only for use with Sections of this Code. Definitions set forth in any document referenced by this Code shall be the acceptable definition for use of that document only. Words not specifically defined in this Code, or other referenced documents, shall be interpreted as being the ordinary usage of the word as set forth in Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Lan- guage, Unabridged, as published by the G & C Merriam Com- pany of Springfield, Massachusetts in 1966.

Alternative---means a system, condition, arrangement, material or equipment submitted to the Fire Marshal as a substi- tute for a code requirement.

Approved*--means acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. In determining the acceptability of installations or procedures, equipment or materials, the authority having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliance with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence of such standards, said authority may require evidence of proper installation, procedure or use. The authority having jurisdiction may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of nationally recognized testing laboratories, inspection agencies, or other organizations concerned with product evaluations which are in a position to determine compliance with appropriate standards for the current production of listed items, and the satisfactory performance of such equipment or materials in actual usage.

*The National Fire Protection Association does not test, approve, inspect, or certify any installations, procedures, equipment or materials nor does it approve or evaluate testing laboratories.

Automatic Fire Extinguishing System--means any system which is designed and installed to detect a fire and subse- quently discharges an extinguishing agent without human acti- vation or direction.

Barrel--means 42 U. S. Gallons Basement--means a story with more than 50 percent of its

cubic volume below grade. Board of Appeals--means a group of persons appointed by

the governing body of the jurisdiction adopting this Code for the purpose o f hearing and adjudicating differences of opinion between the Fire Marshal and the citizenry in the interpretation, application and enforcement of this Code.

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Certificate means a written document issued by authority of the Fire Marshal to any person for the purpose of granting permission to such person to conduct or engage in any operation or act for which certification is required.

Combustible Fiber--means any material in a fibrous or shredded form which will readily ignite when heat sources are present.

Combustible Refuse--means all combustible or flammable loose rubbish, litter, or waste materials generated by an occupancy which are refused, rejected, or considered worthless and are disposed of by incineration on the premises where, generated or periodically transported from the premises.

Combustible Waste means combustible or flammable loose waste materials which are generated by an establishment or process, and, being salvageable, are retained for scrap for reprocessing on the premises where generated or transported to a plant for processing, including, but not limited to, all combustible fibers, hay, straw, hair, feathers, down, wood shavings, turnings, all types of paper products, soiled cloth trimmings and cuttings, rubber trimmings and buffings, metal fines, and any mixture of the above items, or any other salvageable combustible or flammable waste material.

Dwelling--means a single unit providing complete and in- dependent living facilities for one or more persons including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.

Existing Condit ion--means any situation, circumstance, or physical make-up of any structure, premise, or process which was on-going or in effect prior to the adoption of this Code.

Explosive Materials--means explosives, blasting agents, water jels (slurries) and detonators. [See Code for Explosive Ma- terials, NFPA No. 495 (See Annex A) for classification of explo~Tves. ]

Fire Door--means a tested, listed, or approved door a n d door assembly constructed and installed for the purpose of preventing the spread of fire through openings in walls, parti- tions, or other horizontal or vertical construction. [See Standard

for Fire Doors and Windows, NFPA No. 80 (See Annex A) for classification and types of fire doors.]

Fire Hazard---means any situation, process, material or condition which on the basis of applicable data, may cause a fire or explosion or provide a ready fuel supply to augment the spread or intensity of the fire or explosion and which poses a threat to life or the property of others.

698 OErINtTIONS 1- 1 7

Fire Hydran t - - -means a valved outlet on a water supply system with one or more th readed outlets and used to supply hose and fire d e p a r t m e n t pumpers with water.

Fire Lane means the road, path, or o ther passageway developed to allow the passage o f fire appara tus th rough con- gested areas (both buil t-up and wildland).

Fire Ma r sha l - - means the individual designated as the ad- ministrative head o f the agency, bureau or division responsible for the administrat ion and en fo rcemen t o f this Code. T h e Fire Depa r tmen t Chief Administrat ive Officer shall assume these responsibilities in those jurisdictions where a separate agency, bureau or division is not established. O the r titles used to designate this individual are: Fire Prevent ion Official, Chief Fire Prevent ion Officer, Chief of the Bureau o f Fire Prevent ion or Fire Prevent ion Chief. For purposes of en fo rcemen t of this Code, this te rm shall also apply to any person designated as a representat ive o f the Fire Marshal.

Fire Of f ic ia l - -means any author ized person serving as a designated employee, representat ive, or agent o f the Fire De- par tment .

Fire Pro tec t ion S y s t e m - - m e a n s any fire alarm device or system, or fire ext inguishing device or system, or their combination, which is designed and installed for detecting, controlling, or ext inguishing a fire, or otherwise alert ing occupants or the fire depar tment , or both, that a fire has occurred.

Fire R e t a r d a n t s - - m e a n liquids, solids or gases which tend to inhibit combust ion when applied on, mixed in, or combined with combustible materials.

Fi reworks D i sp l ay - -means the use o f fireworks in a manne r to provide audio and visual en te r t a inment to a group o f peo- ple.

F l amespread R a t i n g - - m e a n s the comparat ive pe r fo rmance o f fire travel over the surface o f a material when tested in accordance with the provisions o f Method of Test of SuoCace Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, NFPA No. 255 (see Annex B). Gr oup ing o f ratings is listed in Life Safety Code, NFPA No. 101 (see Annex A).

G a l l o n - - m e a n s one U. S. S tandard Gallon.

G r a d e - - m e a n s the re fe rence plane represent ing the average elevation o f finished g r o u n d level adjoining the building at all exter ior walls.


699

Ground Kettle---means a container which may or may not be mounted on wheels and is used for heating tar, asphalt or similar substances.

Jur isdict ion--means any governmental unit or political division or subdivision, including, but not limited to, township, city, village, county, borough, state, commonwealth, province, freehold, district, or territory, over which the governmental unit exercises power and authority.

Loose House---means a separate detached building in which unbaled combustible fibers are stored.

Notice---means a written statement which gives an order, information or warning.

Patch Kettle---means any pot or container with a capacity of less than six gallons, used for pre-heating tar, asphalt, pitch, or similar substances for the repair of roofs, streets, floors, pipes, or similar objects.

Permitmmeans an official document issued by the authority having jurisdiction for the purpose of authorizing performance of a specified activity.

Private Building--means a building, or that portion of a building, which is normally not frequented by, 'or open to, the public.

Private Dwelling--means the same as dwelling. Process--means the manufacturing, handling, blending,

conversion, purification, recovery, separation, synthesis or use, or any combination, of any commodity or material regulated by this Code.

Roofing Kettle---means any container in excess of 15 gailo4as capacity used for pre-heating tar, asphalt, pitch or similar substances for waterproofing.

Smoking--means lighting, igniting, holding, or possessing any lighted cigar, cigarette or pipe; or, carrying, throwing, or depositing any lighted or smoldering cigar, cigarette or pipe.

Smoking Area--means a designated area where smoking is permitted within premises where smoking is generally prohibited.

Standpipe---means a pipe and attendant hose valves and hose (if provided) used for conveying water to various parts of a building f o r f i r e fighting purposes.

Story--means that portion of a building included between the upper surface of a floor and the upper surface of the floor or roof next above.

700 DEFINITIONS 1" 19

S t r e e t - - m e a n s a public t h o r o u g h f a r e (street, avenue or boulevard) which has been dedicated for vehicular use by the public and can be used for access by Fire D e p a r t m e n t vehicles.

Summarily Abate---nleans to inimediately j u d g e a condit ion to be a life hazard and to o rde r immedia te correct ion o f such condit ion.

Supervised Automatic Fire Extinguishing S y s t e m - - m e a n s ally automat ic fire ext inguishing system which is constantly moni to red so as to d e t e r m i n e opera t ing condit ions at all times.

S y s t e m - - m e a n s several items of equ ipmen t assembled, g r o u p e d or otherwise in te rconnec ted for the accompl i shment of a pu rpose or function.

Water C a p a c i t y - - m e a n s the volumetr ic measure of the a m o u n t o f water a conta iner can hold.

Written Not ice- - -means a notification in writ ing del ivered in person to the individual or part ies in tended, or del ivered at, or sent by, certified or regis tered mail to the last residential or business address of legal record.


701

Chapter 3 General Fire Safety Regulations

3-1 General Precautions.

3-I.I Ordinary Conduct Requirements.

3-1.1.1 Spread of Fire. No person shall knowingly permit any fire to spread so as to endanger the life or property of another or use or operate any device which may be a source of ignition unless proper removal of flammable material sur- rounding the operation is accomplished or such other reasonable precautions are taken to ensure against the starting and spreading of unfriendly fires.

3-1.1.2 Notifying the Fire Department. Whenever an unfriend!y fire occurs in any building or on any premises of any kind, the owner, manager, occupant, or any person in control of such building o1" premises, upon discovery of an unfriendly fire,.or evidence of there having been an unfriendly fire, even though it has apparently been extinguished, immediately shall cause notice of the existence of such fire, circumstances of same, and the location thereof to be given to the Fire Department. This requirement shall not be construed to forbid the owner, manager, or other person in control of the aforementioned building or premises from using all diligence necessary to extinguish such fire prior to the arrival of the Fire Department.

No person shall m~ake, issue, post, or maintain any regulation or order, written or verbal, that would require any person to take any unnecessary delaying action prior to reporting a fire to the Fire Department. (See Annex E-3-1.1.2.)

Exception: This section shall not apply to firms zohich have established on-premises fire fighting organizations and have coordinated and arranged approved p~vcedures with the Fire Department. (See Annex K.)

3-i . i .3 Reporting Hazardous Condition. Any person, upon discovering evidence of spontaneous heating or other abnormal heating of any merchandise, commodity, cargo, shipment, or other material of any kind in any building, marine vessel, appliance, apparatus, tank, or open stack or pile,

702 G E N E R A L FIRE SAFETY R E G U L A T I O N S 1-21

or any person upon discovering or being appr ised of" any uncontrol led hazardous gas leak or hazardous material or combustible or f lammable liquid spill, shall immediately nitrify the Fire Depar tment . (See Annex E-3-1.1.2.)

Exception: This section shall not apply to firms which have established on-premises fire fighting organizations and have coordinated and arranged approved procedures zoith the Fire Department. (See Annex K.)

3-1.1.4 Mainta in ing a Fire Hazard. No person shall knowingly maintain a fire hazard.

3-1.1.5 Carelessness with Fire. No person shall deliberately, or th rough carelessness or negligence, set fire to or cause the burn ing o f any bedding, furni ture , rug, curtain, drape, or o ther combustible material, in such m an n e r as to endange r the safety o f any person or proper ty .

3-1.1.6 Posting of Fire Safety Regulations. Hotels, motels, and similar occupancies designed for, in tended for, or used by transients shall have an approved copy of fire safety regulat ions for transients conspicuously pos ted- in the lobby and each occupancy unit and at such o ther locations as may be required by the Fire Marshal. (See Annex C.)

3- !. 1.7 Notification of Fire Department of Inoperative Fire Safety Equipment. Persons owning, controlling, or otherwise having charge o f any fixed fire ext inguishing or fire warning system or s tandpipe system shall notify the Fire De- pa r tmen t at any time such s'y3tem or systems are inoperable or taken out of service. T h e Fire Depar tmen t shall also be notified when service is restored. (See Annex E-3-1.1.7.)

Exception: This section shall not apply to firms which have established on-premises fire fighting organizations and have coordinated and arranged approved procedures with the Fire Department. (See Annex K.)

3-1.1.8 Disposal of Hot and Glowing Materials. Hot ashes, cinders, or smolder ing coals shall be placed in noncombustible receptacles. Such receptacles, unless resting on a noncombustible floor or on the g round outside the building, shall be placed on noncombust ible stands, and in every case shall be kept at least two feet laterally away f rom any combustible material, s t ructure, or any exter ior window opening.

1-22 7 0 3 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION CODE

3-I.I.9 Barricading Vacant Buildings. Every person owning or having charge or control o f any vacant building shall remove all combustible waste and refuse the re f rom and lock, barricade, or otherwise secure all windows, doors, and o ther openings in the building to prohibi t entry by unau thor ized persons.

Exception: This section is not intended to apply to the tempora O, vacation of a building for tenant change or remodeling purposes.

3-1.1.10 Required Access for Fire Apparatus. All premises which the Fire Depar tmen t may be called upon to protect in case o f fire and which are not readily accessible f rom public roads shall be provided with suitable gates, access roads, and fire lanes so that all buildings on the premises are accessible to fire apparatus.

Fire lanes shall be provided for all buildings which are set back more than 150 feet f rom a public road or exceed 30 feet in height and are set back over 50 feet f rom a public road.

Fire lanes shall be at least 20 feet in width with the road edge closest to the building at least 10 feet f rom the building. Any dead-end road more than 300 feet long shall be provided with a t u rn -a round at the closed end at least 90 feet in diameter .

A written document , agreeable to the Fire Marshal and for the benefit o f the .jurisdiction, shall be required for emergency access over all fire lanes.

T h e designation and maintenance o f fire lanes on private p roper ty shall be accomplished as specified by the Fire Marshal.

It shall be unlawful for any person to park motor vehicles on, or otherwise obstruct, any fire lane.

Exception: When any combination of private fire protection facilities, inchtding, but not limited to, fire resistive roofs, fire separation walls, space separation and automatic fire &tinguishing systems, are provided and approved by the Fire Marshal as an acceptable alternate, section 3-1.1.10 shall not apply.

3-1.1.1 I Smoking. Where condit ions exist which make smoking a fire hazard on a n y premises, "No Smoking" signs shall be posted as directed by the Fire Marshal. "No Smoking" signs shall be o f a color, size, lettering, and location as approved by the Fire Marshal. No person shall r emove such

704 G E N E R A L FIRE SAFETY REGU, L A T I O N S 1-23

"No Smoking" signs or light, or ignite, or otherwise set fire to or. smoke any cigar, cigarette, pipe, tobacco, or other form of smoldering substance, nor hold, possess, throw, or deposit any lighted or smoldering substance in any place where occasion or action would constitute a fire or life hazard.

Nothing in the foregoing provision shall be construed as prohibiting smoking in areas, offices, or other rooms which have been designated by the Fire Marshal as safe smoking areas and have been approved for such purpose.

Exception: This section shall not apply to organizations having an established on-premises fire prevention program setting forth regulations requiring periodic fire prevention inspections and enforcing in-plant fire prevention rules. Such programs shall be coordinated with and approved by the Fire Marshal.

3-1.1.12 Hazardous Gas in Balloons. No person shall use any flammable, oxidizing, toxic, corrosive, or reactive gas to inflate balloons. Air, and the inert gases which are lighter than air, are not prohibited for this purpose.

3-1.1.13 Fire Doors. Fire doors shall be kept closed at all times.

Exception: This gection shall not apply to doors held open with automatic releasing hold-open devices installed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of Standard on Fire Doors and Windows, NFPA No. 80. (See Annex A.)

3-1.1.14 Interference with Fire Protection Equip- ment. No person shall render inoperative any portable or fixed fire extinguishing system or device or any fire warning system other than dur ing emergencies, maintenance, drills or prescribed testing.

3-1.2 Precautions Inside Buildings.

3-1.2.1 Sweeping Compounds . Only approved water solutions or detergents, floor sweeping compounds and grease absorbents shall be used for cleaning floors. The use of sawdust or similar combustible materials to soak up combustible or flammable liquids spilled or d ropped f rom machinery or processes on any floor is prohibited.


705

3-1.2.2 Lighting and Heat Producing Equip- ment. Proper protect ion against heat t ransfer or sufficient clearance shall be maintained between lighting and heat producing equ ipment and combustibles so that cont inuous operation at full capacity will not increase the t empe ra tu r e o f the su r round ing combustibles to their flash point or ignition temperature .

3-1.2.3 Portable Heaters. Portable heaters shall be designed and located so that they cannot be easily over turned . T h e Fire Marshal may prohibi t use o f portable heaters in occupancies or situations in which such use or opera t ion would present an u n d u e danger to life or the p rope r ty o f others.

Exception: This section shall not apply, to portabh, heaters used in accordance with applicable provisions of NFPA codes and standards listed in Annex A of this Code.

3-1.3 Precautions Outside Buildings.

3-1.3.1 Operations of Internal Combustion Engines. In ternal combust ion engines, ei ther stationary or mobile, when opera t ing in or near grain, hay, grass or brush covered areas or where combustible fibers or o ther hazardous materials are stored, shall be equ ipped with an effective device for arrest ing the issuance o f burn ing carbon and sparks. Suit- able fire fighting equ ipment shall be available to the opera tor .

Exception: This section shall not apply to engines meeting applicable provisions of NFPA codes and standards as li,~ted in Annex A of this Code and engines used to power lawn care equipment.

3-2 Fumigat ion. T h e Fire Depa r tmen t shall be notified of fumigation operat ions in accordance with the provisions o f Standard For Fumigation, NFPA No. 57. (See Annex A.)

3-3 Combustible Waste and Refuse.

3-3.1 No person owning or having control o f any property shall allow any waste material to accumulate in any area or in any ma nne r so as to create a hazard to life or the p rope r ty o f others.

706 GE NERAL FIRE SAFETY R E G U L A T I O N S 1-25

3-3.2 Disposal of Combustible Waste. Combustible waste or refuse shall be proper ly stored or disposed of at the end of each working day, before vacating a building or premises, and whenever necessary to prevent unsafe conditions.

3-3.3 Waste Disposal Sites.

3-3.3.1 Fire Extinguishing Capabilities. Fire extinguishing capabilities approved by the Fire Marshal shall be provided at waste disposal sites including, but not limited to, fire extinguishers, water supply and hose, and earth moving equipment .

3-3.3.2 Dumping of Burning Load Prohibited. Burn- ing debris shall not be d u m p e d at a waste disposal site except at a remote location on the site where fire ext inguishment can be accomplished before compacting, covering or o ther disposal activity is carr ied out.

3-3.4 Transportation of Combustible Waste and Refuse. Vehicles or conveyances used to t ranspor t combustible waste or refuse over public thoroughfa res shall have all cargo space covered and maintained sufficiently tight to ensure against ignition f rom external fire sources and scattering burning and combustible debris which may come in contact with ignition sources. T ranspo r t i ng burn ing waste or refuse is prohibited.

3-3.5 Waste H a n d l i n g Plants. All structures housing operat ions which are involved primarily in the handling, storage, or baling of combustible waste materials shall be equipped with an automatic fire ext inguishing system installed in accordance with applicable provisions o f NFPA codes and standards as listed in Annex A of this Code.

3-4 Factors Affecting Egress.

3-4.1 General Requirements. (See Annex E-3-4.1.)

3-4.1.1 Means of Egress. Means o f egress shall be provided and maintained in accordance with the applicable .provisions o f this Code and NFPA codes and standards as listed in Annex A o f this Code.


707

3-4.1.2 Storage on Roofs and Fire Escape Balconies. No person shall place or maintain upon any roof or fire escape balcony any materials or objects which may interfere with egress or Fire Department operations.

3-4.1.3 Attachments to Fire Escapes and Fire Protec- tion Equipment. No person shall attach or fasten any rope, wire, cable, or similar device, except approved standard equipment therefore, to any part of any fire escape, standpipe, auxiliary fire fighting equipment, appliance, or other apparatus.

3-4.1.4 Responsibility to Prevent Overcrowding. The authorized occupant load of any premises shall not be exceeded. The manager or person in charge of the premises shall be held responsible for preventing an overcrowding condition therein.

3-4.1.5 Obstruction of Aisles and Passageways. No person shall block, impede, or obstruct any aisle, passageway, hallway, lobby, foyer, or stairway leading to or from any entrance or exit required by law which will prevent, delay, hinder, or interfere with the free use of such passageway by any person. Exiting systems in those areas requiring special security or security devices which affect the exiting system shall be subject to the approval of the Fire Marshal.

3-4.1.6 Failure to Vacate. No person shall fail to leave any premises which are overcrowded when told to d o s o by the management of the premises or any authorized enforcement officer.

3-4.2 Treatment of Interior Finishes and Furnish- ings.

3-4,2.1 Fire Retardants. The provisions of Sections 3-4.2.2 and 3-4.2.3 of this Code shall be applicable to all chemical formulations, paints, coatings, or other finishes which are sold, offered for sale, or advertised, and which purport to reduce the surface flamespread rating or to reduce or eliminate combustible characteristics of furnishings and structures.

3-4.2.2 Approval and Tests. No person shall sell, or offer for sale, any chemical formulation, paint, coating, or other finish which purports to reduce flamespread rating or to

708 GENERAL FIRE SAFETY R E G U L A T I O N S 1-27

reduce or eliminate combustible characteristics of furnishings or structures that has not been granted an approval as required by Section I-8 of this Code.

3-4.2.3 Applicators of Fire Retardant Coatings. Every applicator of fire retardant coatings shall certify to the Fire Marshal that applications of such coatings comply with the manufacturer's specifications.

3-4.3 Combustible Decorations.

3-4.3.1 General Use of Combustible Decorations. No person shall install, maintain, or use vegetation, bunting, cotton batting, plastic cloth, textile, excelsior, paper or other combustible material for the purpose of decoration in any building, premises, vehicle or marine vessel to which the public is admit- ted or invited unless such decorative materials have been made flame resistant with an approved flame retardant material or process. Textiles or paper adhered to walls or ceilings (not free hanging) are considered interior finishes and shall be subject to the flame spread limitations for interior finishes.

Exception: This section shall not apply to materials used in a display or other material which is limited in quantity and approved by the Fire Marshal for such use.

3-4.3.2 Fire Tests. Tests for determining flammability of combustible decorations shall be conducted in accordance with applicable tests for the type of combustible decoration involved. (See Annex E-3-4.3.2.')

3-5 Fire Protection Required.

"3-5.1 Portable Fire Extinguishers. The provision, installation, and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers shall be as required by this Code and the applicable provisions of the Standard for the Installation of Portable Fire Extinguishers, NFPA No. 10 (see Annex A) and other applicable provisions of the NFPA standards and codes as listed in Annex A of this Code.

3-5.2 Automatic Fire Extinguishing System Re- quired. Automatic fire extinguishing systems shall be required as set forth in the applicable NFPA codes and standards as listed in Annex A of this Code or as may otherwise_be required by this jurisdiction. (See Annex E-3-5.2.)


7O9

In industrial or manufacturing facilities where comparable or better safety to life or the property of others can be achieved by approved alternate methods including space isolation, such approved alternate methods shall be deemed as meeting the intent of this section.

Exception: This section shall not apply to buildings housing occupancies or processes in which the addition of an automatic fire extinguishing system would increase rather than decrease the hazard to life or the property of others.

3-5.3 Standpipes Required. All buildings more than three stories in height or over 50 feet in height above grade and containing intermediate stories ,o1" balconies shall be equipped with a standpipe system in accordance with the provisions of Standard for the Installation of Standpipes and Hose Systems, NFPA No. 14 (see Annex A). Location of the hose valves on each floor is subject to the approval of the Fire Marshal. In buildings completely protected by an automatic sprinkler system, the required standpipe system can be installed as part of a combined system in accordance with the provisions of Standard

for the Installation of Standpipes and Hose Systems, NFPA No. 14 (see Annex A).

Exception: This section shall not apply to industrial process structures where life or the property of others is not imperiled byfi~'e or explosion.

3-5.4 Maintenance of Equipment. All systems, equipment, tanks, piping, devices, appliances, controls, or storage facilities, over which this Code contains regulatory provisions, or are required by any other law, shall be maintained in operative condition at all times to provide the service for which installed.

Exception: This section shall not apply to devices, appliances, apparatus or equipment originally installed and maintained according to Code requirements existing at the time of installation and speciaUy designed devices, appliances, apparatus or equipment which have undergone the alternative or approval process set forth in this Code in Sections 1-3.3 and 1-8 respectively.

3-5.5 Water Supply and Fire Hydrants. The Fire Marshal may require that all premises where buildings or

710 J

G E N E R A L F I R E S A F E T Y R E G U L A T I O N S 1-29

port ions of buildings, o ther than one- and two-family dwellings, are constructed and located in such a mann e r that access to public f i re hydrants is minimal or o f a distance such that the Fire Marshal Can demons t ra te that fire fighting operat ions would be impaired, be provided with a water supply system installed in accordance with the provisions o f Standard for Outside Protection, NFPA No. 24 (see Annex A) (see Annex E-3-5.5).

Exception: This section shall not be applied retroactively to existing premises unless such premises are being expanded or constructed upon, or it is determined by the Fire Marshal that such p~'emises present a distinct hazard to life.

3-6 F lammable And Combustible Liquids. (See Annex E-3-6.)

3-6. I Scope.

3-6.I .I Applicabi l i ty . This section shall apply to all f lammable and combustible liquids as def ined and classified in Standard on Basic Classification of l"lammable and Combustible Li- quids, NFPA No. 321 (see Annex A).

3-6.1.2 Permit . Permits, as listed in Section 1-7 of this Code, shall be obtained f rom the Fire Marshal.

3-6.2 General Requirements.

3-6.2.1 Electrical Installation Classification. Where flammable or combustible liquids are handled, stored, or used, the Fire Marshal shall be responsible for designating the areas requir ing hazardous location electrical clagsification and shall classify the area in accordance with the classification system set for th in the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70. When Hazardous Locations Classification, NFPA No. 70C, or o ther applicable NFPA standards and codes listed in Annex A . o f this Code governing the handling, storage and use of hazardous materials, specify the areas requir ing electrical classification, the provisions o f those s tandards and codes shall apply.

3-6.2.2 Open Containers Prohibited. T h e t ransport- ing of f lammable liquids in open containers is prohibi ted unless otherwise permi t ted by an applicable NFPA code or s tandard as listed in Annex A of this Code.


711

3-6.2.3 Empty Containers. Empty containers which previously contained Class I flammable liquids shall be kept tightly covered or properly vented when not in use or until rendered vapor free.

3-6.3 Roofing Kettles.

3-6.3.1 Applicability. This section shall apply to portable equipment, either with or without wheels, used for heating tar, pitch, asphalt, or other similar substances for application on roofs, streets, floors, pipes, or other objects.

3-6.3.2 Construction. The materials and methods of construction of roofing kettles shall be acceptable to the Fire Marshal. The following are minimum requirements:

(a) This section shall apply to all roofing kettles or tar pots in excess of one gallon capacity.

(b) No roofing kettle shall have a capacity in excess of five barrels:

(c) Roofing kettles of two-barrel capacity or less shall be constructed of steel sheet having a thickness of not less than 0.105 inch (No. 12 Manufacturers' Standard Gauge) and kettles of more than two-barrel capacity shall be constructed of steel sheet having a thickness of not less than 0.135 inch (No. 10 Manufacturers' Standard Gauge).

All supports, corners, the top and bottom of the fire box shall be bound with angle iron or other reinibrcements approved by the Fire Marshal. All doors shall be hinged, closely fitted, and adequately latched. Fire boxes shall be of sufficient height from the ground or provided with a system of shields or insulation to prevent heat damage to the street surface.

(d) A lid which can be gravity, operated shall be provided on all roofing kettles. The tops and covers of all kettles shall be constructed of steel sheet having a thickness of riot less than 0.075 inch (No. 14 Manufacturers' Standard Gauge), close fitting and attached to the kettle with hinges in a manner so as to allow for gravity closing of the lid.

(e) The chassis shall be substantially constructed and capable of carrying the load imposed upon it whether standing still or being transported.

(f) Fuel containers, burners, and related appurtenances of roofing kettles in which liquefied petroleum gas is used for

712 G E N E R A L FIRE SAFETY R E G U L A T I O N S 1-31

heat ing shall comply with all the requi rements o f Standard for the ,Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petrole,~m Gases, NFPA No. 58 (see Annex A).

(g) Fuel containers which opera te u n d e r air pressure shall not exceed 20 gallons in capacity a,ld shall be subject to approval o f the Fire Marshal.

(h) All fuel containers shall be maintained at least ten feet f rom the bu rne r flame or at least two feet t he re f rom when proper ly insulated f rom heat or flame.

3-6.3.3 Roofing Kettles in Transit.

3-6.3.3.1 Open Flame. Open flame in a roofing kettle while in transit is prohibi ted.

3-6.3.3.2 La tch ing Devices. Kettle doors or lids shall be closed and secured while ill transit.

3-6.3.4 Roofing Kettles on Trucks . Kettles not equ ipped with wheels shall not be fired or used when moun ted on a truck, except if the truck body is o f all metal construct ion and the kettle is securely at tached to the bed o f the truck.

Firing o f small patch kettles while located in the bed o f a truck is prohibi ted. Tank trucks and trailers used for t ranspor- tation o f asphalt or similar substances shall be constructed and opera ted in accordance with the Recomme~ted Regulatory Stan- dard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids, NFPA No. 385 (see Annex A).

3-6.3~5 Locat ing Kettles on Roofs. Fired roofing kettles shall not be opera ted on roofs o f buildings.

3-6.3.6 P ip ing f rom G r o u n d to Roof. All piping installed for conveying hot liquids unde r pressure f rom the g round to the roo f of a building shall be installed in a work- manlike manne r and shall not be lighter than s tandard weight pipe (Schedule 40).

3-6.3.7 Fire Ex t ingu i she r Requi red . T h e r e shall be at least one 20 BC portable fire ext inguisher within 30 feet horizontal travel distance o f every roofing k.ettle at all times while the same is in operat ion.

3-6.3.8 Cer ta in Fuels Prohib i ted . No person shall use solid fuel or Class I f lammable liquids as fuel for a roofing kettle.


713

3-6.3.9 Street Protection. All improved streets shall be protected from burning by use of sand or other noncombustible materials under roofing kettles. Streets shall be cleaned of all excess tar and other debris upon completion of work.

3-7 Compressed and Liquefied Gases. Compressed and liquefied gases shall be stored, handled, ~ransported and used in accordance with applicable provisions of NFPA codes and standards. Storage and handling of compressed and liquefied gases not covered by NFPA codes and standards shall comply with applicable provisions of: Standards of the American Na- tional Standards Institute (ANSI); Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Parts 173 through 190 (transportation); Unfired ~res- sure Vessels, Section VII1, of the American Society Of Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (container fabrication); or the container fabrication specifications of the American Pe- troleum Institute.

3-8 Solid Combustible Materials. (See Annex E-3-8.)

3-8.1 General. This section shall establish the requirements for those operations and occupancies which present an undue hazard to life or the property of others and which are presently not covered in other NFPA standards and codes as listed in Annex A of this Code.

3-8.2 Combustible Fibers. This section shall not apply to operations or occupancies otherwise regulated by other applicable NFPA codes and standards as listed in Annex A of this Code. (See Annex E-3-8.2.)

3-8.2.1 Storage of Combustible Fibers 3-8.2.I.I Loose Storage of Combustible Fibers

3-8.2.1.1.1 Loose combustible fibers (not in suitable bales or packages), whether housed or in the open, shall not be stored within 100 feet of" any building, except as hereinafter specified.

3-8.2.1.1.2 Quantities of loose combustible fibers up to 100 cubic feet shall not be kept in any building unless stored in a metal or metal-lined bin equipped with a self-closing cover.

Exception: This section shall not apply to buildings completely protected by an approved automatic fire extinguishing system.

714 GENERAL FIRE SAFETY REGULATIONS 1-33

3-8.2.1.1.3 Quantities exceeding 100 cubic feet of loose combustible fibers, but not exceeding 500 cubic feet, may be stored in rooms or compartments in which the floors, walls, and ceilings have a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour. Each opening into such rooms or compartments from other parts of the building shall be equipped with an approved self-closing fire door.


3-8.2.1.1.4 Vault Construction. Quantities exceeding 500 cubic feet of loose combustible fibers may be stored in approved vaults, constructed as follows:

(a) Storage vaults shall be located outside of buildings or, if located inside, shall be provided With approved safety vents to the outside.

(b) Walls, floors, and ceilings shall be constructed of approved noncombustible material having a fi-e resistance rating of not less than one hour. Roofs of outside vaults shall be of noncombustible material, but may be so constructed as to readily give way in case of an internal explosion.

(c) Openings, if any, between vault and main building shall be protected on each side of the wall by an approved fire door. Wall openings in outside vaults exposing other buildings (not sufficiently detached to be considered cutoff) shall be protected by approved fire doors.

(d) Vaults located within buildings and exceeding 1,000 cubic feet storage capacity shall be protected by an approved automatic fire extinguishing system.


3-8.2. I.I.5 Not more than 2,500 cubic feet of loose fibers may be stored in a detached "loose house" suitably located, with openings properly protected against entrance of sparks. The "loose house" shall be used for no other purpose.

3-8.2.1.2 Baled Storage.

3-8.2.1.2.1 No single block or pile shall contain more than 25,000 cubic feet of combustible fibers exclusive of aisles or clearances. Blocks or piles of baled fiber shall be


715

separated f rom adjacent storage by aisles not less than five feet wide; or by flash fire barriers consisting o f cont inuous sheets of noncombust ible material ex tend ing f rom the floor to a height o f at least two feet beyond the top o f the piles.

3-8.2.1.2.2 Sisal and o ther fibers in bales bound with combustible tie ropes or j u t e and o ther fibers which are liable to swell when wet, shall be s tored in a man n e r so as to allow for expansion in any direction without endanger ing building, walls, ceilings, or columns. Not less than three feet clearance shall be left between walls and sides o f piles, except that in storage compar tments not more than 30 feet in width, one foot clearance at side walls will be sufficient, provided a center aisle not less than five feet wide is maintained.

3-8.2. i.2.3 Not less than eighteen inches clearance shall be maintained between sprinkler system pipes and tops of piles.

3-8.2.1.2.4 Baled Hay on Farms. Unlimited quantities o f hay, straw, and o ther agricultural products may be stored in or near farm buildings located outside o f closely built a r e a s .

3-8.2.1.3 Mixed Storage. Combustible fibers shall not be stored in rooms or buildings with hazardous gases, f lammable liquids, dangerous chemicals, or o ther similar materials.

3-8.2.2 Sources of Igni t ion.

3-8.2.2.1 Trucks or automobiles, o ther than approved industrial tractors and mechanical handl ing equipment , shall not enter any fiber storage room or building, but may be used at loading platforms.

3-8.2.2.2 Electrical wiring and equ ipmen t in any combustible fibers storage room or building shall be installed in accordance with the requi rements o f the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70, for Class III hazardous locations. T h e Fire Marshal shall be responsible for designat ing the areas r equ i r i ng hazardous location electrical classifications and shall classify the area in accordance with the classification system set for th in the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70 (see Annex A).

7-16 GENERAL FIRE SAFETY R E G U L A T I O N S 1-35

3-8.2.2.3 No smoking or open flame shall be permitted in any area where combustible fibers are handled or stored, nor within 50 feet o f any "uncovered pile o f such fibers. "No Smoking" signs shall be posted.

3-8.2.3 Portable Extinguishers Required. Portable fire ext inguishers shall be installed as requi red for extra hazard occupancy protect ion.

3-8.3 Dusts.

3-8.3.1 This section shall be applicable only to those operat ions or occiJpancies involving combustible dusts which are not otherwise regulated by an applicable NFPA code or s tandard as listed in Annex A of this Code. (See Annex E-3-8.3.)

3-8.3.2 General Requirements.

3-8.3.2.1 T h e accumulat ion o f any dust in quantities sufficient to create a fire or explosion hazard on electric motors, walls, ledges, or o ther interior, surfaces, or on the roof o f any building on which dust may settle, is prohibi ted. Metallic dust shall be s tored in tightly covered metal containers in a cool, dry place.

3-8.3.2.2 Every plant, factory, workshop, or o ther premises in which dust is p roduced as a p roduc t or as a result o f operat ions in the produc t ion of o ther products , in such quantities as to create a possible fire or explosion hazard, shall be equ ipped and maintained with an approved pneumat ic or mechanical dust collection system designed, maintained, and opera ted to pick up dusts at point o f generat ion to prevent hazardous accumulat ions o f dust in and on such premises.

Exception." This section shall not apply to storage bi~s equipped with explosion vents of sufficient area-to relieve any explosion to the outside atmosphere.

3-8.3.2.3 All dus t -producing or dust-agitating machinery, such as gr inding mills and separators, and all elevators, elevator legs, spouts, hoppers , and o ther conveyors shall be provided with casings or enclosures maintained as nearly dust-t ight as possible.

1-36 N F P A FIRE PREVENTION CODE

717

3-8.3.2.4 Approved magnetic or pneumatic separators shall be installed ahead of all shellers, crackers, crushers, grinding machines, pulverizers, and similar machines in which the entrance of foreign materials may cause sparks to be generated.

3-8.3.2.5 All machinery and metal parts of the crush- ing, drying, pulverizing, and conveying systems shall be electri- cally grounded.

3-8.3.2.6 Explosion Prevention and Suppression. Dust explosion hazards shall be minimized by use of appropriate control measures as set forth in the applicable NFPA codes and standards as listed in Annex A of this Code. Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems, NFPA No. 69 (see Annex A), and Guide for Explosion Venting, NFPA No. 68 (see Annex B), may be used to meet the requirements of this section with due regard to the precautionary measures contained in these publications.

3-8.3.3 Sources of Ignition.

3-8.3.3.1 Smoking and Open Flames. Smoking and the carrying of matches, the use of heating, or other devices employing an open flame, or the use of any spark-producing equipment is prohibited in areas containing dust-producing or dust-agitating operations, unless necessary in the conduct of such operations or otherwise permitted by an applicable NFPA code or standard.

3-8.3.3.2 Electrical Power and Lighting. Artificial lighting in areas containing dust-producing or dust-agitating operations shall be by electricity. All electrical wiring and equipment in such areas shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70, for Class II hazardous locatious. The Fire Marshal shall be responsible for designating the areas requiring hazardous location electrical classification and shall classify the area in accordance with the classification system set forth in the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70. (See Annex A.)

3-8.3.4 Portable Extinguishers Required. Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed as required for extra hazard occupancy protection.

3-9 Hazardous Materials.


3-9.1 General . This section shall apply to hazardous materials not covered by applicable NFPA codes and standards as listed in Annex A of this Code. (See Annex E-3-9.1.)

3-9.2 Matches.

3-9.2.1 Type Permitted. Matches permi t ted u n d e r this Code shall be capable o f withstanding a t empera tu re of 200 ° F for eight consecutive hours without ignition in a standard laboratory test.

3-9.2.2 Packaging and Labeling. Matches shall be labeled and packed in con fo rmance with U. S. Depar tment o f Transpor ta t ion specifications.

3-9.2.3 Storage Requirements.

3-9.2.3.1 Vert ical Openings . Matches in excess of 50 pounds, including the containers, shall not be stored within ten feet o f any open elevator shaft, elevator shaft opening, open stairway, or o ther vertical opening.

3-9.2.3.2 Sources of Igni t ion. Matches shall not be stored within ten feet o f any boiler, furnace, stove, open flame, or similar source o f ignition.

3-9.2.3.3 Storage of Wholesale Outlets. For storage at wholesale establishments and o ther locations where containers o f matches are stored in piles exceeding 100 cubic feet, such containers shall be a r r anged so as not to exceed ten feet in height nor 1,500 cubic feet in volume with aisles at least eight feet wide.

3-9.2.3.4 Match Storage with Other Com- modities. When case lots o f matches are s tored in the same room with o ther materials or commodities, they shall be separated the re f rom by a clear space o f not less than eight feet.

3-9.3 Storage of Hazardous Materials. Hazardous materials which, when mixed, react violently or evolve toxic vapors or gases or which, in combination, become hazardous by reason o f toxicity, oxidizing power, flammability or o ther proper t ies shall be separated f rom each o ther in storage by distance, partit ions or o ther a p p r o v e d m a n n e r so as to preclude acciden- tal contact between them.


719

3-9.4 Warn ing Signs. T h e Fire Marshal may require warning signs wherever hazardous materials are s tored or processed or handled. Such warning signs shall be conspicuously lettered on a sharply contrast ing background in a size, form and color acceptable to the Fire Marshal.

Exception: This section shaU not apply to hazardous materials placarded in accordance with the Department of Transportation regulations or applicable provisions of other NFPA codes and standards listed in Annex A of this (;ode,

3-10 Industrial Equipment and Processes.

3-10.1 General . This section shall apply to those operations normally fo.und in industrial plants which are not covered unde r applicable NFPA codes and s tandards as listed in Annex A of this Code and where it is de te rmined such operat ions present an extra hazard to life or the 'proper ty of others.

3-10.2 Vapor Degreasing. Where vapor degreas ing systems are used, the following shall apply:

(a) T h e steam supply line to the coils which heat the liquid shall be equipped with an automatic shut -of f valve with manual vent that will opera te when liquid t r ichiorethylene reaches 200 ° F or liquid perchlore thylene reaches 265 ° F.

(b) T h e t e m pe r a tu r e in the vapor area shall be control led to assure that equil ibrium between vaporization and condensa- tion u n d e r a tmospher ic pressure will be established at a point at least 18 inches below the loading and unloading open ing in the degreaser .

(c) An automatic t empera tu re control that will shut o f f the heat source to the liquid at 180 ° F for t r ichlorethylene or 240 ° F for perch lore thy lene shall be established at the point just above the vapor level. For o the r solvents, the r ecommenda- tions of the manufactu.rers shall be followed. A separate limit switch set for a max imum of 10 ° F above the r e c o m m e n d e d high t empera tu re setting o f the thermosta t shall be provided to shut o f f the heat source in the event that the thermosta t fails.

(d) A low liquid level control shall be installed so as to shut o f f the heat source when the liquid falls below a certain level which is p r ede t e rmined by design to be safe.


3-10.3 Spray Cleaning. The use of heated combustible liquids for spray cleaning shall be automatically controlled so that the temperature of the liquid will not be raised to its flash point. Where automatic conveyor belt systems passing through a cabinet are Used, the cabinet shall be equipped with a vapor recovery system and an automatic fire extinguishing system.


721

Annex A

The following codes and standards, published by the Na- tional Fire Protection Association, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Bos- ton, Massachusetts 02210 as part of the National Fire Codes, are recommended for adoption in their entirety as supplements and additions to the Code text of the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association. The text of these adopted codes and standards shall be fully enforceable as provisions of the Fire Prevention (:ode of the National Fire Protection Associa- tion as if the same were incorporated and set forth at ' length therein. The adopting Ordinance shall specify the particular year of edition o f the National Fire Codes which is adopted. The dates or editions of the following codes and standards shall be as published in the adopted issue of the National Fire Codes unless otherwise specified.

NFPA No.

70

70A

70C

78

701

702

32

76A

87

General Fire Protection

National Electrical C o d e - ~ - - - @ ~-

/~NS'~I" Standard Electr icalCode for 7/0 • i

L ~ O n e - a n d Two-Family Dwellings .~[U(~k~'7~

Hazardous Locations Classification - ~ " ' -

Lightning Protection Code

Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame-Resistant Textiles and Fihns

Standard for Classification of the Flammability of Wearing Apparel

Occupancy Protection

Standard for Drycleaning Plants

Standard for Essential Electrical Sys- tems for Health Care Facilities

Standard for the Construction and Protection of Piers and Wharves

722 A N N E X A 1-41

NFPA No.

101

102

Occupancy Protection

Code for Safety to Life from Fire in Buildings and Structures

Standard for Tents, Grandstands and Air-Supported Structures Used for Places of Assembly

Flammable and Combustible Liquids

30

31

321

327

385

• 386

395

Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

Standard for the Installation of Oil Burning Equipment

Standard on Basic Classification of Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Standard Procedures for Cleaning and Safeguarding Small Tanks and Con- tainers

Recommended Regulatory Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Standard for Portable Shipping Tanks

Standard for Storage of Flammable and Combustible Liquids on Farms and Isolated Construction Projects

Compressed and Liquefied Gases

50

50A

50B

51A

Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites

Standard tor Gaseous Hydrogen Sys- tems at Consumer Sites

Standard for Liquefied Hydrogen Systems at Consumer Sites

Standard for Acetylene Cylinder Charging Plants

1-42 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION CODE 723

NFPA No.

56A

56B

56F

58

59

59A

33

34

35

36

40

41L

42

43

Compressed and Liquefied Gases

Standard for the Use of Inhalation Anesthetics (Flammable and Non- flammable)

Standard for Inhalation Therapy

Standard for Nonflammable Medical Gas Systems

Standard for the Storage and Han- dling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Standard for the Storage and Han- dling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases at Utility Gas Plants

Standard for the Production, Storage and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

Hazardous MatecJals and Processes

Standard for Spray Finishing Using Flammable and Combustible Mate- rials

Standard for Dip Tanks Containing Flammable or Combustible Liquids

Standard for the Manufacture of Or- ganic Coatings

Standard for Solvent Extraction Plants

Standard for the Storage and Han- dling of Cellulose Nitrate Motion Picture Film

Code for Model Rocketry

Standard for the Storage, Handling and Use of Pyroxylin Plastic in Fac- tories

Standard for the Storage and Sales of Pyroxylin Plastic in Warehouses and Wholesale, Jobbing and Retail Stores

724 A N N E X A 1-43

N F P A No. H a z a r d o u s Materials and P r o c e s s e s

43A

44A

48

51

51B

56C

57

61A

61B

61C

61D

62

65

481

Code for the Storage of Liquids and Solid Oxidizing Materials

Code for the Manufacture, Storage and Transportation of Fireworks

Standard for the Storage, Handling and Processing of Magnesium

Standard for the Installation and Op- eration of Oxygen Fuel Gas Systems for Welding and Cutting

Standard for Fire Prevention in Use of Cutting and Welding Processes

Safety Standard for Hospital Labora- tories

Standard for Fumigation

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in Starch Factories

Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions in Grain Eleva- tors and Bulk Grain Handling Facilities

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in Flour and Feed Mills

Standard for the Milling of Agricul- tural Commodities for Human Con- sumption

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in the Production, Pack- aging and Handling of Pulverized Sugar and Cocoa

Standard for the Processing and Finishing of Aluminum

Standard for the Production, Proces- sing, Handling and Storage of Titanium


725

NFPA No. Hazardous Materials and Processes

490

495

651

652

653

654

655

656

657

664

88A

88B

302

303

Code for the Storage of Ammonium Nitrate

Code for the Manufacturing, Trans- portation, Storage and Use of Ex- plosive Materials

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in the Manufacture of Aluminum Powder

Standard for Explosion and Fire Pro- tection in Plants Producing or Han- dling Magnesium Powder

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in Coal Preparation Plants

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in the Plastics Industry

Standard for the Prevention of Sulfur Fires and Explosions

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Ignitions in Spice Grinding Plants

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in Confectionery Manu- facturing Plants

Standard for the Prevention of Dust Explosions in Woodworking and Wood Flour Manufacturing Plants

Transportation

Standard for Parking Structures

Standard for Repair Garages

Fire Protection Standard for Motor Craft (Pleasure and Commercial)

Fire Protection Standard for Marinas and Boatyards

726 ANNEX A 1-45

NFPA No. Transportation

306

312

407

408

409

415

416

417

418

498

501A

501B

501C

501D

Standard for the Control of Gas Hazards on Vessels to be Repaired

Standard for Fire Protection of Ves- sels During Construction, Repair, and Lay-Up

Standard for Aircraft Fuel Servicing Including Aircraft and Fueling Hose, Aircraft Fuel Servicing Tank Vehicles, and Airport Fixed Fueling Systems

Standard on Aircraft Hand Fire Ex- tinguishers

Standard on Aircraft Hangars

Standard on Aircraft Fueling Ramp Drainage

Standard on Construction and Protec- tion of Airport Terminal Buildings

Standard on Construction and Protec- tion of Aircraft Loading Walkways

Standard on Roof-Top Heliport Con- struction and Protection

Standard for Explosive Motor Vehicle Terminals

Standard for Mobile Home Parks

Standard for Mobile Homes

Standard for Recreational Vehicles (Travel Trailers, Camping Trailers, Truck Campers, Motor Homes) In- stallation of Plumbing, Heating and Electrical Systems

Standard for Electrical Recreational Vehicle Parks


NFPA No.

505

513

11

I1A

liB

12

12A

12B

13

14

15

16

17

18

Transportation

Standard for Type Designations, Areas of Use, Maintenance and Op- eration of Powered Industrial Trucks

Standard for Motor Freight Terminals

Fire Extinguishing Systems

Standard for Foam Extinguishing Systems

Standard for High Expansion Foam Systems (Expansion Ratios from 100:1 to 1000:1)

Standard on Synthetic Foam and Combined Agent Systems

Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extin- guishing Systems

Standard on Halongenated Fire Extin- guishing Agent Systems--Halon 1301

Standard on Halongenated Fire Extin- guishing Agent Systems--Halon 1211

Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems

Standard for the Installation of Stand- pipes and Hose Systems

Standard for Water Spray Fixed Sys- tems for Fire Protection

Standard for the Installation of Foam- Water Sprinkler Systems and Foam- Water Spray Systems

Standard for Dry Chemical Extin- guishing Systems

Standard on Wetting Agents

728 1-47 ANNEX A

NFPA No.

20

21

22

24

26

194

196

198

10

71

72C

72E

73

Fire Extinguishing Systems

Standard for the Installation of Cen- trifugal Fire Pumps

Standard for the Operation and Main- tenance of National Standard Steam Fire Pumps

Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection

Standard for Outside Protection

Standard. for the Supervision of Valves Controlling Water Supplies for Fire Protection

Standard for Screw Threads and Gas- kets for Fire Hose Couplings

Standard for Fire Hose

Standard for Care of Fire Hose (In- cluding Couplings and Nozzles)

Portable Fire Extinguishers

Standard for the Installation, Main- tenance and Use o f Portable Fire Extinga~ishers

Fire Warning Systems

Standard for the Installation, Main- tenance and Use of Central Station Protective Signaling Systems for Guard, Fire Alarm, and Supervisory Service

Standard for the Installation, Main- tenance and Use of Remote Station Protective Signaling Systems

Standard on Automatic Fire Detectors

Standard for the Installation, Main- tenance and Use of Municipal Fire Alarm Systems


NFPA No.

81

231

231B

231C

232

Storage

Standard for Fur Storage, Fumigation and Cleaning

Standard for Indoor General Storage

Standard for Storage of Cellular Rub- ber and Plastics Materials

Standard for Rack Storage of Mate- rials

Standard for the Protection of- Records

37

54

56D

56E

60

66

69

75

79

80

82

Building Construction and Facilities

Standard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines

National Fuel Gas Code

Standard for Hyperbaric Facilities

Standard for Hypobaric Facilities

Standard for the Installation and Op- eration of Pulverized Fuel Systems

Standard for Pneumatic Conveying Systems for Handling Feed, Flour, Grain and Other Agricultural Dusts

Standard oil Explosion Prevention Systems

Standard for the Protection of Elec- tronic Computer/Data Processing Equipment

Electrical Standard for Metalworking Machine Tools

Standard for Fire Doors and .Windows

Standard on Rubbish Handling and Incinerators

730 A N N E X A 1-49

NFPA No.

85

85B

85D

85E

86A

86B

86C

90A

90B

91

96


Standard f'or Prevention of Furnace Explosions in Fuel Oil and Natural Gas-Fired Watertube Boiler-Fur- naces with One Burner

Standard for Prevention of Furnace Explosions in Natural Gas-Fired Multiple Burner Boiler-Furnaces

Standard for Prevention of Furnace Explosions in Fuel Oil-Fired Multi- ple Burner Boiler-Furnaces

Standard for Prevention of Furnace Explosions in Pulverized Coal-Fired Multiple Burner Boiler-Furnaces

Standard for Ovens and Furnaces, De- sign, Location and Equipment

• Standard for Industrial Furnaces, De- sign, Location and Equipment

Standard for Industrial Furnaces Using a Special Processing Atmo- sphere

Standard for the Installation of Air- Conditioning and Ventilating Sys- tems

Standard for the Installation of Resi- dence Type Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems

Standard for the Installation of Blower and Exhaust Systems for Dust, Stock, Vapor Removal or Con- veying

Standard for the Installation of Equip- ment for the Removal of Smoke and Grease-Laden Vapors from Commercial Cooking Equipment


NFPA No.

211

214

220

241

251

252

257

493

496

703


Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces and Vents

Standard on Water Cooling Towers

Standard Types of Building Construc- tion

Standard for Safeguarding Building Construction and Demolition Oper- ations

Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies

Standard for Fire Tests of Window Assemblies

Standard for Intrinsically Safe Process Control Equipment for Use in Class I Hazardous Locations

Standard for Purged and Pressurized Enclosures for Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Locations

Standard for Treatments of Building Materials

732 ANNEX B 1 -51

A n n e x B

This Annex is not a required part of this NFPA (,ode and is included for information purposes only.

The following Standards, Recommendations, Recommended Practices, Manuals, Guides and Model Laws are included here for reference and guidance in the application of the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association when a particular'problem is not otherwise covered by a Code, Stan- dard, or Law Provision. The Fire Marshal may accept the provisions, of these Standards, Recommendations, Recom- mended Practices, Manuals, Guides and Model Laws as appropriate criteria for meeting the intent of the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association in those cases. The dates or editions of the following publications shall be as published in the adopted issue of the National Fire Codes nnless otherwise specified.

N F P A No.

3M

7

6

10L

13A

25

27

4 6

Tit le

Manual on Hospital Emergency Pre- paredness

Recommendations for Management Control of Fire Emergencies

Recommendations for Organization of Industrial Fire Loss Prevention

Model Enabling Act for the Sale or Leasing and Servicing of Portable Fire Extinguishers

Recommended Practic'e for the Care and Maintenance of-Sprinkler Sys- tems

Recommended Practice for Water Supply Systems for Rural Fire Pro- tection

Recommendations for Organization, Training and Equipment of Private Fire Brigades

Recommended Safe Practices for Out- door Storage of Forest Products


NFPA No.

46A

46B

47

49

53M "

56HM

63

68

72A

72B

72D

74

76CM

Title

Recommended Practices for Outdoor Storage of Wood Chips

Recommended Safe Practices for Otrt- door Storage of Logs

Recommended Safe Practices for Re- tail and Wholesale Lumber Storage Yards

Hazardous Chemical Data

Fire Hazards in Oxygen-Enriched At- mospheres

Manual for the Home Use of Inhala- tion Therapy

Fundamental Principles for the Pre- vention of Dust Explosions in Industrial Plants

Guide for Explosion Venting

Standard on Installation, Maintenance and Use of Local Protective Signal- ing Systems for Watchmen, Fire Alarm and Supervisory Service

Standard for the Installation, Mainte- nance and Use of Auxiliary Protec- tive Signaling Systems for Fire Alarm Service

Standard for the Installation, Mainte- nance and Use of Proprietary Pro- tective Signaling Systems for Watch- men, Fire Alarm and Supervisory Service

Standard for the Installation, Mainte- nance and Use of Household Fire Warning Equipment

Manual for the Safe Use of High-Fre- quency Electrical Equipment in Hospitals.

7 3 4 1-5 A N N E X B

N F P A No. Tit le

77

80A

89M

92M

182M

203M

204

206M

224

231A

232AM

255

256

291

295

307

325A

Recommended Practice on Static Elec- tricity

Recommended Practice for Protection of Buildings from Exterior Fire Ex- posures

Manual on Clearance for Heat Pro- ducing Appliances

Manual on Waterproofing and Drain- ing of Floors

Manual on the Hazards of Vaporizing Liquid Extinguishing Agents

Manual on Roof Coverings

Guide for Smoke and Heat Venting

Guide on Building Areas and Heights

Recommended Good Practice for Homes and Camps in Forest Areas

Recommended Safe Practices for Out- door General Storage

Manual for Fire Protection for Ar- chive and Record Centers

Methods Qf Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Burning Materials

Methods of Fire Tests of Roof Cover- ings

Recommendations for Uniform Mark- ing of Fire Hydrants

Recommendations for Wildlife Con- trol and Environmental Improve- ment

Recommendations for the Operation of Marine Terminals

Flash Point Index of Trade Name Liquids


NFPA No. Title

325M

328

329

393

410A

410B

410C

410D

410E

410F

419

421

Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases, Volatile Solids

Standard on the Control of Flam- mable and Combustible Liquids and Gases in Manholes and Sewers

Recommended Practice on Under- ground Leakage of Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Recommended Good Practice for the Construction, Maintenance and Use of Gasoline Blow Torches and Plumbers' Furnaces

Recommendations on ,Safeguarding Aircraft Electrical System Mainte- nance Operation

Recommendations on Safeguarding Aircraft Breathing Oxygen System Maintenance Operations

Recommendations on Safeguarding Aircraft Fuel System Maintenance

Recommendations for Safeguarding Aircraft Cleaning, Painting and Paint Removal

Recommended Safe Practices for Air- craft Welding Operations in Hang- ars

'Recommendations on Safeguarding Aircraft Cabin Cleaning and Refur- bishing Operations

Recommended Practice for Master Planning Airport Water Supply Sys- tems for Fire Protection

Recommended Practice on Aircraft Interior Fire Protection Systems

7 3 6 1.55 A N N E X B

N F P A N o .

482M

491M

492

494L

512

601

601A

602

604

704M

801

802

901

910

911

T i t l e

Guide for Fire and Explosion Preven- tion in Plants Producing and Han- dling Zirconium

Manual of Hazardous Chemical Reac- tions

Recommended Separation Distances of Ammonium Nitrate and Blasting Agents from Explosives or Blasting Agents

Model State Fireworks Law

Recommended Good Practices for Truck Fire Protection

Recommendations for Guard Service in Fire Loss Prevention

Standard for Guard Operations in Fire Loss Prevention

Recommended Good Practice for Community Dumps

Recommended Practice for Salvaging Operations

Recommended System for the Identification of the Fire Hazards of Materials

Recommended Fire Protection Prac- tice for Facilities Handling Radio- active Material

Recommended Fire Protection Prac- tice for Nuclear Reactors

Uniform Coding for Fire Protection

Recommended Practice for Protection of Library Collections from Fire

Recommended Practice for the Pro- tection of Museum Collections from Fire


Annex C

This Annex is a suggested text for the "Fire Safety Regula- tions" requi red by Section 3-1.1.6 o f this Code. Since these regulations are in tended for transients who will likely be un- familiar with local p r ocedu re for fire alarm repor t ing and the main concern is life safety, the following p r o c e d u r e is suggested. Fire depa r tmen t personnel must educate owners, man- agers and employees o f transient facilities o f the impor tance o f notifying the Fire Depar t lnent immediately upon discovery o f a f i r e .

FIRE SAFETY R E G U L A T I O N S

It shall be illegal fi)r any person to throw or place, or cause to be thrown or placed, any lighted match, cigar, cigarette, matches, or o ther flaming or glowing substance or thing on any surface or article where it may cause or start a fire.

A n y p e r s o n who deliberately, or t h r o u g h negligence, sets fire to or causes the burn ing o f any bedding, furni ture , rug, curtain, drape, or o ther combustible material in such a m a n n e r to endanger the safety o f any 'person or p roper ty shall be deemed to be in violation o f Ord inance (Fire Code Adopting Ordinance Number) of the (Name of Juri.~diction).

T h e person discovering any fire, regardless of magni tude, shall:

1. Immediate ly notify the person in charge of the premises and all occupants and guests in the immedia te vicinity o f the fire.

2. Notify the Fire Depar tmen t (Fire Department Telephone Number).

. Evacuate the area by use o f the stairs or o ther access to the outside. Do not use the elevators. Do not take time to gather personal belongings. I f the fire prohibits evacua- tion, keep the doo r to your room closed; a t tempt to seal cracks which are letting in smoke; open an exter ior window if possible (top and bottom); and stay close to the floor.

738 ANNEX D 1-57

A n n e x D

This Annex is a suggested adopting ordinance for use with the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA No. 1, and the adopted codes and standards as published in the National Fire Codes.

Section 1. An ordinance to provide the (Name of Jurisdic- tion) with rules and regulations to improve public safety by promoting the control of fire hazards; regulating the installation, use, and maintenance of equipment; regulating the use of structures, premises, and open areas; providing for the abatement of fire hazaFds; establishing the responsibilities and procedures for code enforcement; and setting forth the standards for compliance and achievement of these objectives.

This Code shall be known as (]urisdiction's Name for this Code). This code adopts the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA No. 1 and its incorporated standards and codes as published in the National Fire Codes of the National Fire Protection Association and listed in Annex A of the NFPA Fire Prevention Code and being particularly the (Adopted Year of Issue) edition thereof, save and except those portions such as are hereinafter deleted, modified, or amended by Section 18 of this ordinance. The same are hereby adopted and incorporated as fully as if set out at length herein. Not less than (Number) copies of the adopted issue of the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA No. 1, and the adopted standards and codes of the National Fire Codes shall be filed in the office of (Public Place of Filing) and the provisions thereof shall be controlling within the limits of (Name of Jurisdic- tion).

S e c t i o n 2. It shall be unlawful for any person to violate this ordinance, to permit or maintain such a violation, to refuse to obey any provision thereof, or to fail or refuse to comply with any such provision or regulation except as variation may be allowed by the action of (Title of Enforcing Official) in writing. Proof of such unlawful act or failure shall be deemed prima facie evidence that such act is that of the owner or other person in control of the premises. Prosecution or lack thereof of either the owner, occupant, or the person in charge shall not be deemed to relieve any of the others.


739

Section 3. The Fire Chief of the (Name) Fire Department shall be responsible for the enforcement of the (Name of Code). The Fire Chief of the (Name) Fire Department may detail such members of the fire department as inspectors as shall from time to time be necessary. To assist in the performance of the responsibilities and duties placed upon the Fire Chief of the (Name) Fire Department, a Bureau of Fire Prevention in the Fire Department of (Name of Jurisdiction) is hereby created.

This Bureau shall operate under the supervision of the Fire Chief of the (Name) Fire Department. The Fire Chief of the Fire Department shall designate a fire official of the (Name) Fire Department as Fire Marshal. The Fire Marshal shall be the administrator of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. The Fire Marshal shall be responsible for the direct administration and enforcement of the (Name of Code) as may be set forth by the Fire Chief of the (Name) Fire Department. The Fire Marshal shall be appointed on the basis of examination or other method for determining his qualifications. The Fire Chie.f of the (Name) Fire Department may also designate such number of Technical Inspectors as shall from time to time be authorized by the (Name of the Appointing Authority of the Jurisdiction). Such Techni- cal Inspectors shall be selected through an examination to determine their fitness for the position.

Section 4. It shall be the duty of the officers of the Bureau of Fire Prevention to enforce all laws and ordinances of (Name of Jurisdiction), covering the following:

1. The prevention of fires;

2. The storage and use of explosives and flammables;

3. The installation and maintenance of automatic and other fire alarm systems, and fire extinguishing equipment;

4. The maintenance and regulation of fire escapes;

. The means and adequacy of exit in case of fire, from factories, schools, hotels, lodging houses, asylums, hospitals, churches, halls, theaters, amphitheaters, and all other places in which numbers of persons work, live, or congregate, from time to time, for any purpose;

740 ANNrX D 1-59

6. The investigation of the cause, origin, and circumstances of fires;

7. The maintenance of fire cause and loss records.

They shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as are set forth in other sections of this ordinance, and as may be conferred and imposed from time to time by law. The Fire Chief of the (Name) Fire Department may delegate any of his powers or duties under this ordinance to the Fire Marshal.

i

Section 5. It shall be the duty of the Fire Marshal of the (Name) Fire Department to investigate and' to recommend to the (Name of Jurisdiction) such additional ordinances, or amendments to existing ordinances, as he may deem necessary for safeguarding life and property against fire.

Section 6. "['he Fire Chief of the (Name) Fire Department shall prepare instructions for the Fire Marshal and his assistants, and forms for their use in the reports required by this ordinance.

Section 7. The Bureau of Fire Prevention shall investigate the cfiuse, origin, and circumstances of every fire occurring in the (Name of Jurisdiction) by which property has been destroyed or damaged and, so far as possible, shall determine whether the fire is the result of carelessness or design. Such investigations shall begin immediately upon the occurrence of such a fire. The Fire Marshal shall take charge immediately of the physical evidence, shall notify the proper authorities designated by law to pursue the investigation of such matters, and shall further cooperate with the authorities in the collection of evidence and in the prosecution of the case. Every fire shall be reported in writing to the Bureau of Fire Prevention within (Number) days after the occurrence of the same by the Fire Department officer in whose jurisdiction such a fire has occurred. Such report, shall be in such form as shall be prescribed by the Fire Marshal of the (Name) Fire Department, and shall contain a statement of all facts relating to the cause, origin, and circumstances of such fire, the extent of the damage thereof, and the insurance upon such property, and such other information as may be required, including the injury, dea th , or rescue of persons.

1.6o 7 4 1 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION CODE

Section 8. Before permits may be issued as required by this Code, the Fire Marshal or his assistants shall inspect and

. approve the receptacles, processes, vehicles, buildings, or storage places to be used for any such purposes.

Section 9. The Fire Marshal shall inspect or cause to be inspected all premises on a periodic basis, and shall make such orders as may be necessary for the enforcement of the laws and ordinances governing the same and for safeguarding of life and property from fire.

Section 10. Whenever any inspector, as defined above, shall find in any building, or upon any premises or other places, combustible or explosive matter or dangerous accumu- ._ }ations of rubbish or unnecessary accumulation of waste paper, boxes, shavings, or any highly flammable materials especially liable to fire, and which is so situated as to endanger property;- or shall find obstructions to or on fire escapes, stairs, passageways, doors, or windows, liable to interfere with the operations of the Fire Department or egress of occupants in case of fire, he shall order the same to be removed or remedied, and such order shall forthwith be complied with by the owner or occupant of such premises or buildings, subject to the appeals procedure provided for in the (Name of Code).

Any owner or occupant failing to comply with such order within a reasonable period after the service of the said order shall be liable to penalties as hereinafter provided.

The service of any such order may be made upon the occupant of the premises to whom it is directed, either by delivering a copy of same to such occupant personally or by delivering the same to and leaving it with any person in charge of the premises, or in case no such person is found upon the premises, by affixing a copy thereof in a conspicuous place on the door to the entrance of said premises. Whenever it may be necessary to serve such an order upon the owner of premises, such order may be served either by delivering to and leaving with the said person a copy of the said order, or, if such owner is absent from the jurisdiction Of the officer making the order, by mailing such copy by certified mail to the owner's last known post office address.

Section 11. The Fire Marshal shall compile and keep a record of all fires and of all the facts concerning the same,

742 D 1-61

including injuries, deaths, rescue of persons and statistics as to the extent o f such fires and the damage caused thereby, and whether such losses were covered by insurance, and if so, in what amount . Such record shall be made daily f rom the repor ts made by the Technical Inspectors unde r the provisions of this ordinance. All such records shall be public.

Section 12. T h e Fire Marshal shall make an annual r epor t of the activities o f the Bureau o f Fire Prevent ion and shall t ransmit this r epo r t to the Chief Executive Officer o f the (Name of Juri.~diction) th rough the Fire Chie f of the (Name) Fire De- par tment . T h e repor t shall contain all proceedings u n d e r the (Name of Code) with such statistics as the Fire Chief may wish to include therein.

Sect ion 13. T h e Fire Chief o f the (Name) Fire Depar tmen t or the Fire Marshal shall also r e c o m m e n d any amendmen t s to the (Name of Code) or o rd inance which, in his j udgmen t , shall be desirable.

Sect ion 14. T h e provisions o f the (Name of Code) shall apply equally to both public and private proper ty , and it shall apply to a l l s t r u c t u r e s and their occupancies, except as otherwise specified.

Sect ion 15. This act shall be deemed in exercise o f the police powers of (Name of Ju~sdiction) for the preservat ion and protect ion o f the public health, peace, safety, and welfare, and all the provisions o f the (Name of Code) shall be liberally con- s t rued for that purpose .

S e c t i o n 16. Any person who shall violate any o f the provisions of the Code hereby adopted; or shall fail to comply therewith; or shall violate or fail to comply with any o rde r made the reunder ; or shall build in violation o f any details, statements, specifications, or plans submit ted or approved the reunder ; or shall opera te not in accordance with the provisions o f any certificate, permit , or approval issued the reunder , and f rom which no appeal has been taken; or who shall fail to comply with such an o rde r as a f f i rmed or modified by the Fire Marshal or by a cour t o f competent jurisdiction within the time fixed herein shall severally for each and every violation and noncompliance, respectively, be guilty o f a misdemeanor punishable by a fine o f not less than (Dollar Amount) nor more


t h a n (Dollar Amount) or by impr i sonment for not less than (Number) days or by both such fines and imprisonment . T h e imposition o f a penal ty for any violation shall not excuse the violation nor shall the violation be permi t ted to continue. All such persons shall be requi red to correct or remedy such violations or defects within a reasonable time, and when not otherwise specified, the application o f the above penalty shall not be held to p revent the enfo rced removal o f prohibi ted conditions.

Section 17. A board o f Appeals is he reby established consisting o f (Number) members and (Number) al ternate members who shall be appoin ted by the (Name of Appointing Official) by reason o f education, exper ience , and knowledge, and are deemed to be competen t to sit in j u d g m e n t on matters concerning the (Name of Code) and its enforcement . T h e members shall serve for a term o f (Number) years, except for the initial appointees which shall serve as follows: (Number) for a term of one year; (Number) for a term of two years; and (Number) for a term of three years.

Section 18. T h e Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA No. 1, is a m e n d e d and changed in the following respects:

(The following material would list the part icular sections of the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Asxociation, NFPA No. 1, or the codes and standards o f the National Fire Codes, listed in Annex A o f the NFPA Fire Prevention Code, which are de e me d to be not applicable or desirable to the jurisdict ion adopt ing this Code.)

Section 19. T h e following Annexes o f the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA No. 1, are hereby included as a par t o f (Jurisdiction's Name for this Code) save and except those port ions which are deleted, modif ied or amended by Section 18 o f this ordinance. T h e same are hereby adop ted and incorpora ted as fully as if set out at length herein.

(The following material would list those Annexes which are to be incorpora ted in this o rd inance so as to become an official par t o f this jurisdiction's Fire Prevent ion Code.)

744 A N N E X D 1-63

Section 20. The following fees shall be established for the permits, certificates, approvals, and other functions performed under this Code and shall be payable to the (Name of Jurisdic- tion). Such fees shall accompany each application for such permit, approval, certificate, or other fee-related Code provision.

(Insertion of Fee Schedule) (See Annex E, Section 20.)

Section 21. All formal ordinances or parts thereof conflicting or inconsistent with the provisions of this ordinance or of the Code hereby adop ted are hereby repealed.

Section 22. This ordinance shall take effect and be in force from and after its approval as required by law.

1-64 NFPA FIRE P R E V E N T I O N C O D E 745

A n n e x E

The following explanatory notes to various sections of this Code are not considered to be an integral part of the Code but are included here to assist the user of this Code in the interpretation of the intent of the Code section in question.

E-1-2.4.1 It is realized that many jurisdictions may have other laws which may conflict in part with this Code and the adopted codes and standards. The jurisdiction should attempt to adjudicate these differences in the adoption ordinance of this Code. Many times differences will arise as the result of technological changes or newer code or standard editions being published. Nothing in this Code is intended to limit architec- tural or engineering design or initiative. The intent of this section is to set forth a procedure for settling conflicts with other laws without attempting to enumerate all the conflicts that may be anticipated in local law.

E-I-2.4.2 It is recognized that oftentimes state or federal governments will require certain licensing in some areas•and that this procedure will often preempt local prerogative. The intent of the permit requirements established by this Code is not to duplicate any permit, licensing, or approval if the basic purpose for which the state or federal government issued the permit, license or approval was for fire or life safety. Local jurisdictions may wish to require additional measures over that required by the other governmental unit and nothing in this section should be construed as destroying or altering this right. (See Annex E-l-7.)

E-I-2.6 The standards and codes of the National Fire Pro- tection Association intended for complete adoption and enforcement under this Code are listed in Annex A to simplify the code updating process. Dates (editions) of the respective codes and standards have also been omitted in the Code text in order to facilitate updating of the Code. The adoption of a particular year of issue of the National Fire Codes will automatically establish the date of the adopted standard or code unless specifically changed by further ordinance. It is recommended

746 ANNEX E 1 - 6 5

that the adopted edit ion dates o f the National Fire Codes be upda ted not more of ten than once every three years unless radical changes are made in codes and s tandards on a more f requen t basis as a result o f technological changes, new information about fire hazards or methods for control l ing fire hazards. Individual jur i sd ic t ions must de te rmine their own need for change. T h e al ternate p rocedu re is in tended to allow for the use o f a newer s tandard provision dur ing those in- between times.

E-I-3 General ly Fire Depar tments and fire officials are g ran ted certain rights and author i ty u n d e r o ther laws o f a jurisdiction, particularly a charter . I f the Fire Depar tmen t and responsible fire officials have not been gran ted fire supression activity authorizat ion, the jurisdict ion adopt ing this Code may also wish to make all, or a port ion of, Annex F o f this Code a par t o f the fire prevent ion code o f this jurisdiction.

E-I-3.1 It is r e c o m m e n d e d that Fire Depar tments not having a Bureau o f Fire Prevent ion establish such an agency for carrying out the duties o f this Code. This agency should have the responsibility for accomplishing fire inspections and fire investigation functions. A necessary par t of fire inspection duties would be the review of all construct ion and remodel ing plans. This latter funct ion should be accomplished in concert with the Building Depar tmen t o f the jurisdiction. Particular at tention should be paid to those items relative to: exits; construction for the restriction o f fire travel; hazardous material storage, use, handl ing or manufac ture ; hazardous processes; all fire protect ion equipment ; and such o ther matters that may be o f interest or concern to the Fire Depar tment . (See Section 3 of Annex D.)

E-1-3.3 Alternatives are to serve as a means for utilizing new methods, technologies, and design initiative which provide an equivalent or bet ter level of fire safety when compared with the effects o f the existing code requirements .

E-I-5 T h e jurisdict ion must clearly spell out and publicize the p roc e du re for seeking relief f rom a decision o f the Fire Marshal or rel ief f rom a part icular code provision. A suggested p rocedu re is set for th in Annex G for guidelines to the jurisdiction desiring to include a formal appeals p rocedure as par t o f their fire prevent ion code. (See Section 17 of Annex D.)

747 1-66 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION CODE

E-I-6.1 Oftentimes-local police or penal codes will establish the violation class and punishment for various fire prevention code or fire-related offenses. For those jurisdictions using this Code and not having other specific provisions concerning violations of code requirements, Annex H is included for the jurisdiction's guidance. (See Section 16 of Annex D.)

E-l.7 Fire prevention inspections do not, and, from the practical standpoint, t~annot, occur at a sufficient frequency to provide an opportunity to maintain constant rein on situations known to generate extra-hazardous conditions. The Permit System provides the local authority with a mechanism for control before the fact instead of during or after the fact. Permits are not intended to be used as a revenue source for the

• jurisdiction. The purpose of the permit is to establish that level of use when the Fire Department has reason to become involved in ensuring that code provisions have been complied with. Permits are not intended to limit quantities other than establishing that point of Fire DePartment involvement. Re- strictions on quantities and other provisions for the storage, handling and use of hazardous materials are set forth in other

~i rovisions of this Code and the NFPA codes and standards sted in Annex A of this Code. Each jurisdiction must determine its need for control of this

type and how it wishes to administer this control. Annex I is a guideline for the development of a local permit system. The jurisdiction must publicize its chosen permit system, if any, in accordance with the local law on public notices and hearings.

E-1-7.1.2 Permits are generally issued on an annual basis to ensure that code provisions and permit conditions are being followed consistently. Personnel workload limitations may prohibit an annual renewal and may be the deciding factor in establishing permit time limits. Different time limits may be imposed upon different categories of permits but this is generally not administratively desirable.

E-1-7.2 In the development of the suggested permit requirements of the NFPA Fire Prevention Code (see Annex I), it was determined that this Code should attempt to regulate the hazard and not the occupancy except for the relationship that the occupancy places upon the degree of the hazard. The categories listed in Section 1-7.2 of this Code are deemed to be necessary areas in which code compliance is critical because of

748 , ~ x E , , 1 - 6 7

the extra hazard presented to life or the p rope r ty o f others. • Details on quantities or the level o f Fire Depar tment involve-

ment were felt to be a local prerogat ive and the re fo re the suggested details are included in Annex I o f this Code and not made an integral par t o f this Code except as the local jurisdiction wishes to do so.

E-1-7.2.4 Oftent imes an industrial firm will be involved in more than one opera t ion or use more than one hazardous material in the conduct o f its business. T h e permi t system can become an administrat ive headache to both the industrial firm and the Fire Marshal if permits are to be hand led on an individual basis. T h e consolidated permi t for a p ro ra ted fee is the best-known me thod for providing control o f these operations or materials without creat ing an administrat ive problem or nuisance. Inspections for Code compliance on a periodic basis could easily suffice as the requi red inspection for permits. T h e consolidated permi t should include all likely materials or operat ions that could be expec ted du r ing the permi t per iod and the Fire Marshal should be notified o f any changes so permi t records can be modified.

Eol-7.3.1 Fees for permi t inspection and issuance should be based on the time involved and monies e x p e n d e d to process the permit .

E-l-8.1 T h e intent o f this section is not to set up the Fire Depar tmen t as an approval agency but is included to give the Fire Depa r tmen t some judgmen ta l authori ty in those cases where specific code provisions do not exist. It is realized that no code can be written which will be all-inclusive.

E-I-9 This section is in tended to give the Fire Depar tmen t some control over individuals pe r fo rming installation or maintenance work on fire control, fire warning or fire extinguishing equ ipment or conduct ing hazardous activities. T h e certificate o f fitness is in tended to assure the public that work- men hired for a specific purpose are capable o f pe r fo rming in a competen t ma nne r generally in accordance with acc~:pted codes o f good practice. Annex J is a suggested guideline for the deve lopment of a local certificate o f fitness policy.

E-3-1.1.2 It is recognized that large industrial concerns in some jurisdict ions adopt ing this Code may have bet ter fire fighting capabilities o f their own than what may be provided by


the jurisdiction. This exc.eption is not in tended to limit this p ropr ie ta ry capability nor should it be abused so as to weaken the powers o f this Code below an effective level.

E-3.1.1.7 This section is not in tended to apply to periodic shutdowns for maintenance purposes when such shutdown is for a per iod o f eight hours or less.

E-3-4.1 T h e Fire Chief may detail fire depa r tmen t personnel for stand-by duties to those places o f assembly or o ther locations where it is deemed necessary for fire safety reasons or where there is a likelihood of C. ode violations being prevalent which may create hazardous situations. General ly this right would be exercised where large crowds are expected in places o f assembly or dur ing the visit o f dignitaries.

E-3-4.3.2 Acceptable fire tests are those described in the appropr ia te NFPA code or s tandard and include, but are not limited to, Methods of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Burning Materials, NFPA No. 255; Methods of Fire Tests of Roof Coverings, NFPA No. 256; Standard for Fire Tests of Window Assemblies, NFPA No. 2~57; Standard for Treatments of Building Materials, NFPA No. 703; Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Build- ing Construction and Materials, NFPA No. 251; and procedures utilized by recognized testing laboratories.

E-3-5.2 This section is included as an aid to Fire Depart- ments in accomplishing their fire f ight ing operat ions and not for life safety reasons. It is assumed that the Life Safety Code, NFPA No. I01, will provide for those controls in a building which are necessary to ensure life safety, both occupant and fire fighter.

E-3-5.3 T h o u g h often included in bui lding codes, this section is included in this Code for those jurisdict ions adopt ing this Code which do not have a local building code and to accomplish the basic reasoning o f E-3-5.2 above.

E-3-5.5 T h e r e may be areas in rural or undeve loped areas adopt ing this Code which do not have public water supply systems. In those cases, the Fire Marshal shall make decisions relative to application o f this Code section on the basis o f hazards presented to life or the p rope r ty o f others.

E-3-6 This section only deals with one opera t ion relative to f lammable or combustible liquid use since o ther NFPA stan-

750 A N N E X E 1-69

dards and codes are assumed to have covered all other aspects of flammable and combustible liquid use, handling, storage or transportation.

E-3-8 This section is not in tended to be all-inclusive since other NFPA codes and standards deal effectively with most aspects o f the fire hazards associated with solid combustible materials.

E-3-8.2 This section is included until a specific NFPA standard can be developed to deal with the hazards of combustible fibers.

E-3-8o3 This section sets forth general requirements for dust-producing operations and shall be considered subservient to those NFPA standards and codes inyolving specific dust hazards.

E-3-9 This section is very general and relies upon extensive,, use of NFPA codes and standards covering the specific hazardous material.

E-Section 20 (Annex D) The local jurisdiction, has. the responsibility for de te rmining if fees are to be charged for permits, certificates of fitness, and other written authorization in which the fire depar tment is to become involved. When fees are de termined by the jurisdiction to be necessary, they should not be used as just another source of revenue but should be correlated to the cost o f fire depar tment involvement in that activity. A fee will more clearly define the responsibility o f the fire depar tment to ensure code compliance for a particular activity. The establishment of a fee schedule requires careful consideration of all implications including legal requirements for public hearings before adoption of the fee schedule by the jurisdiction.


A n n e x F

This Annex is a suggested section for adoption by a jurisdiction requiring legislation setting forth Fire Depar tment authority relative to fire fighting operations.

GENERAL A U T H O R I T Y TO COMBAT FIRES AND RELATED EMERGENCIES.

F-I-I The fire official conducting operations in connection with the ext inguishment and control o f any fire, explosion or other emergency shall have full power and authori ty to direct all operations of fire ext inguishment or control and to take the necessary precautions to save life, protect proper ty and prevent fur ther injury or damage. In the pursuit o f such operation, including the investigation of the cause of such emergency, the fire official may control or prohibit the approach to the scene of such emergency by any vehicle, vessel or thing and all persons.

F-l-2 No person shall obstruct the operations o f the Fire Department in connection with extinguishing any fire, or actions relative to other emergencies, or disobey any lawful command of the fire official in charge of the emergency, or any part thereof, or any lawful order of a police officer assisting the Fire Department .

F-i-3 The fire official in charge of an emergency scene shall have the authori ty to establish fire line barriers to control access in the vicinity of such emergency and to place, or cause to be placed, ropes, guards, barricades or other obstructions across any street or alley to delineate such fire line barrier. No person, except as authorized by the fire official in charge o f the emergency, may cross such fire line barriers.

7 ~ 2 ANNEX V 1-71

F-I-4 T h e Fire Marshal is au thor ized to issue passes enti- tling the holders t h e r e o f to cross fire line barriers. Such passes shall not authorize trespass at the scene o f an emergency. Credentials 'which clearly establish the author i ty and identity o f the holder t he r e o f to en ter the premises, whether or not issued by the Fire Marshal, may be h o n o r e d by the fire official in charge of the emergency scene if concur red with by the person in charge o f the premises, involved in the emergency.

F-I-5 No person except a person author ized by the fire official in charge o f an emergency scene or a public officer acting within the scope o f public, duty shall remove, unlock, destroy or t amper with or otherwise molest in any m an n e r any locked gate, door or barricade, chain, enclosure, sign, tag or seal which has been la,wfully installed by the Fire Depar tmen t or by its o rde r or u n d e r its control .


A n n e x G

This Annex is a suggested section for adoption by a jurisdiction desiring to establish an appeals procedure. (See Section 17 of Annex D. )

G-I-I Where any person seeks relief from a decision of a fire official enforcing provisions of this Codejncluding permits, certificates, waivers, .alternate materials, alternate methods, approvals, or variances or matters of Code interpretations, he may request reconsideration of the fire official's decision by appealing in writing to the Fire Marshal within 15 days of the receipt of the decision stating the reasons why he seeks relief and what decision he feels should be forthcoming. The Fire Marshal shall, within 10 days after receiving a copy of the appeal in writing, hold a hearing and decide the question after hearing testimony from all concerned persons. The Fire Marshal shall render his written decision within five days after the hearing is completed.

G-I-2 After such a hearing by the Fire Marshal, any person seeking relief from a decision of the Fire Marshal regarding provisions of this Code may appeal to the Board of Appeals within 15 days after receipt of written notice of the Fire Marshal's decision. Such appeal shall be in writing and directed to the Fire Marshal. Copies of the appeal shall be promptly transmitted to the Board of Appeals by the Fire Marshal. Upon giving not less than five business days' notic e to the persons interested, a hearing shall be held. The Board may, after such hearing, by a majority vote, affirm, annul, or modify the action of the Fire Marshal. The decision of the Board shall be in writing, and a copy shall be mailed to the appellant within seven business days after the conclusion of the hearing and any decisions made shall be final.

G-I-3 A filing fee shall accompany each notice of appeal to the Board of Appeals in the amount of $

754 ANNEX H 1 - 7 3

A n n e x H

This Annex is a suggested section for adoption by a jurisdiction relative to code violations.

H-I - I Failure to comply with the time limits of an abatement notice or other corrective notice issued by the Fire Marshal shall result in each day that such violation continues being regarded as a new and separate offense.

H-I-2 Any person who sells, offers for sale, installs, oper- ates, maintains or uses any appliance, device, equipment, or system which requires a permit, approval, or certificate under the provisions of this Code, shall obtain said permit, approval or certificate before conducting any operation covered by said permit, approval or certificate.

H-I-3 No person shall deliberately or maliciously turn in an alarm of fire when in fact that person knows that no fire exists. No person shall activate any installed fire warning system or any fixed fire extinguishing system for purposes other than emergency, maintenance, drills or prescribed testing.

NOTE: (See A n n e x D - Sections 2 and 16.)


A n n e x I

This Annex is a suggested section for adoption by a jurisdiction relative to the establishment of a permit system.

I-I The following are the details of the permit requirements of this jurisdiction.

I-1-1 A permit is required for all fires conducted outside of a building. Permits will not be issued unless the burning operation complies with air pollution authority rules.

Exception No. 1: Fires kindled for the instruction of personnel in the methods of fighting fires.

Exception No. 2: Small fires kindled in or upon the ground or in a barbecue pit, exterior fireplace, cook-out device or other similar out-of- doors eating or cooking device, when required for entertainment or necessity.

I-1-2 Permit required for the operation of any plant or the conduct of any operation which produces explosive potential dust as a product, or byproduct, during the operation of such plant or the conduct of such operation.

I-1-3 Permit required:

(a) For the storage, handling, or use of containers of more th an:

(1) 2,000 gallons individual water capacity or an aggregate water capacity of 4,000 gallons of flammable compressed gases, or the gaseous equivalent in cubic feet at 70 ° F. and 14.7 psia,

o r

(2) 10,000 gallons individual water capacity or an aggregate water capacity of 20,000 gallons of nonflammable compressed gases, or the gaseous equivalent in cubic feet at 70 ° F and 14.7 psia.

(b) For each temporary installation of flammable compressed gases in a place of assembly.

756 ANNEX I 1 " 7 5

(c) T o store, use or handle containers o f f lammable liquefied gases o f 2,000 gallons individual water capacity or an aggrega te water capacity o f 4,000 gallons or the gaseous equivalent in cubic feet at 70 ° F. and 14.7 psia.

(d) T o store, use or hand le liquefied medical gases exceeding 2,000 gallons water capacity in any one conta iner or an aggrega te water capacity of 4,000 gallons or the gaseous equivalent in cubic feet at 70 ° F. and 14.7 p sia.

I -1-4 Permits to manufac tu re , possess, sell, or otherwise use explosive materials shall be obta ined in accordance with the r equ i remen t s set for th in Manufacture, Transportation, Storage and Use of Explosive Materials, NFPA No. 495. (See Annex A.)

I-1-5 Permi t r equ i red for:

(a) Storage, handl ing, or use o f Class I f lammable liquids in excess of 15 gallons inside o f any bui lding or in excess of 60 gallons outside of any building.

Exception No. 1 : Flammable or combustible liquids in the fuel tank of a motor vehicle, aircraft, portable or stationary engine, boat, or portable heating plant.

Exception No. 2: Paints, oils, varnishes, or similar flammable mixtures, when such liquids are stored for maintenance, painting, or similar purposes for a period of not more than 30 days.

Exception No. 3: Any one- or two-family dwelling provided applicable provisions of NFPA codes and standards as listed in Annex A of this Code have been. complied with.

(b) Storage, hand l ing or use o f Clas~ I I or I I I f lammable or combust ible liquids in excess o f 25 gallons in a bui lding or 60 gallons outside o f a building.

Exception: Fuel oil used in connection with oil burning equipment.

(c) T h e initial installation o f an oil b u r n e r and a t t endant fuel tank installed in accordance with applicable NFPA codes and s tandards as listed in Annex A o f this Code.

(d) T h e . replacement o f an existing oil b u r n e r or fuel oil tank connec ted to the oil burner .

1-76 7 5 7 N F P A FIRE PREVENTION CODE

I-1-6 Permit required for spraying, flow-coating, or dipping operations utilizing flammable or combustible liquids.

I-1-7 Permits for the supervised display of fireworks conducted in accordance with the provisions of Model State Fireworks Law, NFP,4 No. 494L (see Annex B) shall be required. Application for such permits shall be made in writing at least thirty days in advance of the date of the display.

I-1-8 Permits shall be obtained before launching any model rocket.

I-!-9 Permit is required for the storage, or handling of more than 25 pounds of Pyroxylin Plastics:or for the manufacture of articles of Pyroxylin Plastics which include the use of Pyroxylin Plastics in the manufacturing or assembling of other articles.

I-l-10 Permit is required for each company, corporation, co-partnership, or owner-operator performing welding, cutting or other hot work operations. A permit shall be required for each welding, cutting, or hot work job address or location. Companies, corporations, co-partnerships, or owner-operators required to have a permit shall maintain a record of all locations of cutting, welding, or other hot work operations that are performed and shall have such record available for inspection by the Fire Marshal.

Exception No. 1: Emergency zoork necessary to save a life and not allowing for time to secure the proper permit.

Exception No. 2: Any company, corporation, partnership, or owner- operator performing production, welding, cutting or hot work in areas approved by the Fire Marshal for that purpose:

Exception No. 3: Any company, corporation, partnership, or owner- operator having a welding, cutting or hot work permit system in compliance with Standard for Fire Prevention in Use of Cutting and Welding Processes, NFPA No. 51-B, and having demonstrated this

fact to the Fire Marshal.

Exception No. 4: Occupants of one- and twofamily residences performing cutting, welding or hot work on their own premises for purposes other than commercial gain.

758 ANNEX J 1-77

Annex J This Annex is a suggested section for adoption by a jurisdic-

tion relative to setting forth the requirements for certificates of fitness.

J-I The following are the details of the requirements for certificates of fitness in this jurisdiction.

J-2-1 Certificates of Fitness Required. A certificate of fitness is required by the responsible person conducting any of the following activities when such activities are conducted on a for-hire basis:

(a) The use of any explosive material.

Exception No. 1 : Those personnel involved in manufacturing processes utilizing explosive materials, or

Exception No. 2: Those individuals using power-driven riveting machines employing small arms ammunition.

(b) Any blasting or demolition operation. (c) Any firework display. (d) The servicing or recharging of any portable fire

extinguisher. (e) The servicing or recharging of any fixed fire extin-

guishing system. (f) The installation and servicing of any fire alarm or

fire communication system. (g) The installation or'servicing of any gas or oil burning

heating system, including the components thereof. (h) Any chimney sweep operation.

(i) Cleaning of ducts used for the removal of grease- laden vapors.

Exception No. 1: Any person having obtained a license or other certificate as may be required b 3, state or local law covering any of the above activities. Such exemption shall be for that activity only.

Exception No~ 2: Any employee of a firm who is trained in the proper procedures for conducting the applicable activity.

J-2-2 Application. All applications for a certificate of fitness shall be filed with the Fire Marshal on forms provided by the Fire Marshal.

1-78 759 NFPA FIRE P R E V E N T I O N C O D E

j-2-3 Proof of Qualifications. Every person applying for a certificate of fitness shall furnish satisfactory proof to the Fire Marshal that he is familiar with the materials, formulas, tools, techniques, standards, laws, ordinances, recognized good practices, safety precautions, and manufacturer's recommendations pertaining to the particular system, materials, devices or operations he will be involved with and for which the certificate of fitness is issued. He shall further prove that he is physically

.competent to perform any and all actions necessary or inciden- • tal to the operation for which the certificate of fitness is issued.

J-2-4 Investigation and Examination. The Fire Marshal shall investigate every application for a certificate of fitness. The investigation shall include an examination of the applicant as to his experience and training in. the field of the certificate of fitness for which he has applied. The examination may include a practical test. When the Fire Marshal determines that the applicant for the certificate of fitness conforms to all of the requirements of this Code, he shall issue the certificate of fitness.

J-2-5 Refusal of Certificate of Fitness. When the Fire Marshal determines that an applicant is not fit to receive the

~certificate of fitness because of his inability to comply with the provisions of this Code, he shall refuse to issue the certificate of fitness. If the refusal is based upon the applicant's inability to pass a written examination which is given to determine compe- tency, the applicant may not apply again for the certificate of fitness within a ten-day period following the examination.

J-2-6 Provisions Governing Certificates of Fitness.

J-2-6.1 Transferability. Certificates of fitness shall not be transferable.

J-2-6.2 Expiration of Certificate of Fitness. Certificates of fitness shall be issued for the period of time shown on the face of the certificate of fitness "as determined by the Fire Marshal, but such period of time shall not exceed three years.

J-2-6.3 Renewal of Certificate of Fitness. Applications for renewal of a certificate of fitness shall be filed in the same manner as an application for an original certificate. Each such application shall be accompanied by applicable fees. The granting of a renewal of a certificate of fitness shall be accomplished in the same manner as for an original certificate of fitness.

760 ANNEX j 1-79

J-2-6.4 Restricted Certificates of Fitness. The Fire Marshal is authorized, upon application therefore, to issue certificates of fitness that are restricted to one or more activities, systems, items, or devices, or to a particular premises.

J-2-6.5 Change of Address. Each person holding a certificate of fitness shall notify the Fire Marshal in writing of any change in his business, residential or other notification address within ten days after such change. Failure on the part of a person to give such notification shall constitute grounds for revocation of said certificate of fitness.

J-2-6.6 Contents of Certificate of Fitness. A certificate of fitness issued by the Fire Marshal shall be in the form of an identification card. Said card shall contain the following information to be valid:

(a) The purpose for which the certificate of fitness has been issued.

(b) The date the certificate of fitness is issued and the date of expiration.

(c) Other information as may be necessary to properly identify the person to whom the certificate of fitness is issued.

(d) The signature of the person to whom the certificate of fitness is issued.

(e) The name and signature of the Fire Marshal who is- su.ed the certificate of fitness, or the Fire Marshal's name and countersignature of his designated representative.

(f) Printed thereon in bold type the following: "THIS CERTIFICATE DOES NOT EXCLUSIVELY REC- OMMEND THE BEARER."

J-2-6.7 Requirement to Display Certificate of Fit- ness. Any person to whom a certificate of fitness has been granted in conformance with this Code shall upon request produce and show proper identification and his certificate of fitness to anyone for whom he seeks to render his services or to the Fire Marshal.


761

A n n e x K

This Annex is a suggested guideline for minimum requirements of on-premises fire fighting organizations in allowing exceptions to the Fire Prevention Code of the National Fire Protec- tion Association.

The basic guidelines are found in Recomme~utations For Or- ganization of Industrial Fire Loss Prevention, NFPA No. 6, and Recommendations for Management Control of Fire Emergencies, NFPA No. 7. To qualify for the exemption the firm must have:

(a) A written emergency procedural plan coordinated with the procedures of the local fire department;

(b) Personne lass igned to carry out the duties of the emergency plan (either full time or assigned additional duties);

(c) Equipment to conduct fire suppression activities (water supply system, hose, capability to provide water under pressure at any possible fire location, necessary special extinguishing agents, forcible entry tools, etc.);

(d) Verifiable training of assigned fire fighting personnel in basic fire fighting techniques and additional fire fighting techniques g e r m a n e t o the particular industry involved;

(e) Verifiable fire prevention inspection and enforcement program (covering fire equipment maintenance, regulation of smoking, housekeeping practices, proper handling, storage and use of hazardous materials, abatement procedures, etc.).

N O T E : O n l y r e q u i r e m e n t (e) is necessary for the exception to • Section 3-1.1.12.

762 INDEX 1-81

I n d e x

A b a t e m e n t P r o c e d u r e s . . . . . . . . 1-4.2 A c a d e m i e s . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Access Fac i l i t i es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.1 Access for Fire

D e p a r t m e n t s . . . . . . . . . . . 3- l. 1.10 Ace ty lene C y l i n d e r C h a r g i n g

Plants . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 51A Ace ty lene Gas

Ho lde r s . . . . . . . NFPA No. 51A Ace ty lene Gene ra to r s

NFPA No. 51A A d m i n i s t r a t i o n of Code . . . . . . Ch. 1

Admin i s t r a t ion and Enfo rcemen t . . . . 1-3.1, 1-4.1.1

Extent o f Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.1 Scope of Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

A d o p t e d Code and S tanda rds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.5

A i r - C o n d i t i o n i n g Systems .NFPA Nos. 90A, 90B

Ai r -Suppor t ed S t ruc tu res . . . . . . NFPA No. 102

Ai rc ra f t E lec t r i ca l Sys tems . . . . . . NFPA No. 410A

Ai rc ra f t F i re E x t i n g u i s h e r s . .NFPA No. 408

Ai rc ra f t Fuel Se rv i c ing . . . . . . . NFPA No. 407

Ai rc r a f t Fuel Sys tems . . . . . . . NFPA No. 410C

Ai rc ra f t Fue l i ng R a m p Dra inage . . . . . . . NFPA No. 415

Ai rc ra f t H a n g a r s . . . N F P A No. 409 Ai rc ra f t I n t e r i o r s . . . N F P A No. 421 Ai rc ra f t Load ing

Walkways . . . . . . NFPA No. 417 Ai rc r a f t O x y g e n

Sys tems . . . . . . . NFPA No. 410B A i r p o r t T e r m i n a l

B u i l d i n g s . . . . . . NFPA No. 416 A i rpo r t Water

Supp l i e s . . . . . . . NFPA No. 419 A l t e rna t i ve s to Code

P rov i s ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3.3 A l u m i n u m . . . . . NFPA Nos. 65, 651

A m m o n i u m Ni t ra te . . . N F P A Nos. 490, 492

A m m u n i t i o n . . N F P A Nos. 495, 498 Anes the t i cs ,

I n h a l a t i o n . . . . . NFPA No. 56A A p a r t m e n t s . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Appea l s , Board of . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5 Appea l s , to the Board of .Annex G Appea l s P r o c e d u r e . . . . . . . Annex G App l i ances , Gas . . . . . NFPA No. 54 A pp l i c a t i on of Code . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.1 A p p r o v a l s . . . . . . . 1-4.1.2, 1-4.4, 1-8 Areas of B u i l d i n g s N F P A No. 206M A r m o r i e s . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. IOI Ashes , Disposa l of . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.8 Assembl i e s . . . N F P A Nos. 101, 102 Ass i s t an t s to Fi re Marsha l . .1-4.1.3 A u d i t o r i u m s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 A u t h o r i t y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Autho r i t y to Comba t

Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex F A u t h o r i t y to I nve s t i ga t e

Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3.5 Au toma t i c Fire

Detectors . . . . . . NFPA No.. 72E Au toma t i c Fire E x t i n g u i s h i n g

Sys tem (see spec i f ic t ype ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5.2

Au toma t i c S p r i n k l e r Sys tems . . .3-5.2, NFPA No. 13

A u x i l i a r y Pro tec t ive S igna l ing Sys tems

NFPA No. 72B

m B m

Balloons , H a z a r d o u s Gas in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.12

Barns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 B a r r i c a d i n g of Vacant

B u i l d i n g s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.9 Blas t ing Agents . . . N F P A Nos. 492,

495, 498 Blazer Matches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9.2 Blow Torches ,

Gaso l ine . . . . . . . NFPA No. 393


Blower Sys tems . . . . . NFPA No. 91 Board of Appea l s . . . A n n e x D, 1-5,

Annex G Boat Yards . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 303 Bonfires . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.1, 3-1.1.5 Bowl ing Al leys . . . . . NFPA No. 101 B u i l d i n g Areas and

H e i g h t s . . . . . . NFPA No. 206M B u i l d i n g

Cons t ruc t i on . . . N F P A No. 241 B u i l d i n g Cons t ruc t ion ,

F i re Tests . . . . . . . NFPA No. 251 B u i l d i n g Cons t ruc t i on

O p e r a t i o n s . . . . . NFPA No. 241 B u i l d i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n

Types . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 220 B u i l d i n g Demol i t ion

O p e r a t i o n s . . . . . NFPA No. 241 Bu i ld ing , F i re

E x p o s u r e . . . . . . NFPA No. 80A B u i l d i n g Mater ia ls ,

Fire Tes t s . . . . . . NFPA No. 251 Bulk Gra in H a n d l i n g

Fac i l i t i es . . . . . . . NFPA No. 61B Bulk Oil

Storage . . . . NFPA Nos. 30, 101 Bulk O x y g e n

Sys tems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 50 Burn ing , O p e n . . . . . 3-1.1.1, 3-1.1.5

C a l c i u m Carb ide . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 51A

C a m p e r s . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 501C Carbon Diox ide E x t i n g u i s h i n g

S y s t e m s . . . 3 - 5 . 2 , NFPA No. 12 Ca re l e s snes s With Fire . . . . . . 3-1.1.5 C e l l u l a r R u b b e r . . . N F P A No. 231B Ce l lu lose Ni t ra te

-NFPA Nos. 40, 42, 43 Cent ra l Stat ion

S i g n a l i n g Sys tems NFPA No. 71

Cen t r i f uga l F i re P u m p s . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 20

Cer t i f icates o f F i tness . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9, Annex J

C h i m n e y s . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 211 C h u r c h e s . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101

C l e a n i n g of Ducts . . . . . . . NFPA Nos. 91, 96

Club R o o m s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Coal P r e p a r a t i o n

P lan t s . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 653 Cocoa, Pu lve r i zed . . . N F P A No. 62 Code A d m i n i s t r a t i o n and

E n f o r c e m e n t Ch. 1, 1-3, 1-4.1.1 Code A p p l i c a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.1 Code E n f o r c e m e n t . . . . . 1-3, 1-4.1.1 Code Ex ten t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.1 Code Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Code Va l id i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.3 Cold Storage . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Col leges . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Comba t t i ng Fire, A u t h o r i t y

to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex F Com bus t i b l e Decora t ions . . . . . . 3-4.3 Combus t ib l e Fibers . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8.2 Combus t ib l e

L iqu id s . . . . . 3-6, NFPA No. 30 Com bus t i b l e L iqu ids

Class i f ied . . . . . . NFPA No. 321 Com bus t i b l e Waste and

Refuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Combus t ib l e Engines ,

S ta t ionary . . . . . . . NFPA No. 37 C o m m e r c i a l Cook ing

E q u i p m e n t . . . . . . NFPA No. 96 C o m m u n i t y D u m p s NFPA No. 602 C o m p r e s s e d Gases

(see specific type) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 Confec t ione ry M a n u f a c t u r i n g

Plan ts . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 657 Confe rence R o o m s .NFPA No. 101 Conso l ida t ed Pe rmi t . . . . . . . . 1-7.2.4 Cons t ruc t ion ,

B u i l d i n g . . . . . I .NFPA No. 241 Cons t ruc t i on Projects ,

F l a m m a b l e and C o m b u s t i b l e L iqu ids on

NFPA Nos. 30, 395 Con t inua t i on of E x i s t i n g

Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.2 C o n t i n u a t i o n of

Vio la t ions . . . . . . . . . . . A n n e x H C o n v e y i n g Systems,

P n e u m a t i c . . . . . . . NFPA No. 66 Cooking E q u i p m e n t ,

C o m m e r c i a l . . . . . NFPA No. 96 Cour thous e s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 C o u r t r o o m s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101

764 INDEX 1 - 8 3

Creden t i a l s . . . . . . . . . 1-3.4.2, 1-3.4.4 C u t t i n g and

W e i d i n g . . . N F P A Nos. 51, 51B

Dance Ha l l s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Data P roces s ing

Systems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 75 Decora t ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.3 Decora t ions , to be

F l ameproo fed . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.3 Decora t ions Use . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.3.1 Def in i t ions . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . Ch. 2 Degreas ing Metals . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10.2 Demol i t ion , B u i l d i n g

NFPA No. 241 Denia l o f Pe rmi t s , A p p r o v a l s

or Cer t i f icates . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.4 D e p a r t m e n t S t o r e s . . N F P A No. 101 Depots . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Dip Tanks . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 34 Disposa l of Hot or G l o w i n g

Materia ls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.8 D o o r Assembl ies ,

Fire . . . . . . . . . . : .NFPA No. 252 Door, Fire . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 252 Dormi to r i e s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 D r a i n i n g Floors . . . N F P A No. 92M Drug Stores . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Dry C h e m i c a l E x t i n g u i s h i n g

Sys tems . . .3-5 .2 , NFPA No. 17 Dry C l e a n i n g . . N F P A Nos. 32, 101 Duct C l e a n i n g NFPA Nos. 32, 101 Duct C l e a n i n g . .NFPA Nos. 91, 96 Dumps , C o m m u n i t y NFPA No. 602 Dusts . . . . . . . . . . ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8.3

Coal . . . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 653 Cocoa . . . . . . . . 3-8.3, NFP.A No. 62 Confec t ionery

3-8.3, NFPA No. 657 Flour . . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 61C Grain 3-8.3, NFPA Nos. 61B, 61D Indus t r ia l . . .3-8.3, NFPA No. 63 Metal (see Metal Dusts) Plastics . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 654 Spice . . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 656 Starch . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 61A Sugar . . . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 62 Wood . . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 664

Dwe l l i ngs I-2.1, NFPA Nos. 30, 101

Elec t r ica l Class i f ica t ion . . . : .3-6.2. I, 3-8.2.2.2, 3-8.3.3.2,

NFPA No. 70C Elec t r i ca l Code . . . . . . NFPA No. 70 Elec t r ica l Code, "

D w e l l i n g . . . . . . . NFPA No. 70A Elec t r ica l E q u i p m e n t in

P u r g e d and P re s su r i z ed Enc losu re s . . . . . NFPA No. 496

E lec t r i ca l Sys tems for Hosp i t a l s NFPA Nos. 76A, 76CM

Elec t ron ic C o m p u t e r Sys tems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 75

Enforcement , Ass i s t ance . . . . . . i-3.2 E n f o r c e m e n t of Code 1-3.1, 1-4.1.1 E n f o r c e m e n t P rov i s ions . . . . . . . . 1-4 Entry , R i g h t o f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3.4 E x h a u s t Sys tems . . . . . NFPA No. 91 E x h i b i t i o n Ha l l s . . . . NFPA No. 101 E x i s t i n g C o n d i t i o n s .... 1-2.1, 1-4.2.3

E x i s t i n g Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.2 Exi t s . . . . . . . . 3-4.1, NFPA No. 101 E x p l o s i o n P reven t ion

Sys tems 3-8.3.2.6, NFPA No. 69

E x p l o s i o n V e n t i n g . . . N F P A No. 68 E x p l o s i v e

Mater ia ls NFPA Nos. 492, 495 E x p l o s i v e s Motor Veh ic le

T e r m i n a l . . . . . . . NFPA No. 498 E x t e r i o r Fire

E x p o s u r e . . . . . . NFPA No. 80A E x t i n g u i s h i n g Sys tems . . . . . . . . 3-5.2

Automat ic Spr inklers . . . . . NFPA No. 13

Carbon Dioxide . . . . NFPA No. 12 Dry Chemical . . . . . . NFPA No. 17 False Alarms . . . 3 - I. 1.14, Annex H Foam . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 11 Foam Water . . . . . . . NFPA No. 16 Halon 1211 . . . . . . NFPA No. 12B Halon 1301 . . . . . . NFPA No. 12A High Expans ion

Foam . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 11A Spray . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 15 Spr inklers . . . . . 3-5.2, NFPA No. 13 Standpipes a nd Hose

Systems 3-5.3, NFPA No. 14 Synthetic F o a m . . . N F P A No. l i B

1 - 8 4 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION CODE 765

Tamper ing with 3-1.1.14, Annex H

Water Spray . . . . . . . NFPA No. 15

m F - -

Factories . . . . . . . . . . ]NFPA No. 101 False Alarms . . .3-1.1.14, Annex H Farms, Flammable and Combust ib le

Liquids on . . . . . NFPA No. 395 Feed Mi l l s . . .3 -8 .3 , NFPA No. 61C Fibers, Combust ible . . . . . . . . . . 3-8.2 Films, Cellulose

Nitrate . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 40 Films, Fire Tests . . . N F P A No. 701 Finishes, Flammable

NFPA Nos. 33, 34 Fire Alarm . . . . NFPA Nos. 71, 72A

72B, 72C, 72D, 72E, 73, 74 Detectors . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 72E Household . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 74 Municipal . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 73

Fire, Care lessness with . . . . . 3-1.1.1, 3-1.1.5

Fire Doors 3-1.1.13, NFPA Nos. 80, 252

Fire Drills . . . . . . . . . NFPA" No. 101 Fire Emergencies, Management

Control of . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 7 Fire Equipment , Attach-

ments t o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 4 . 1 . 3

Fire Equipment , Maintenance of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5.4

Fire Escapes, At tachments to 3-4.1.3 Fire Ext inguishers ,

P o r t a b l e . . . N F P A Nos. 10, 10L Fire Ex t ingu i sh ing Systems,

Automatic (see also specific type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5.2

Fire Ext inguishment , Authori ty to . . . . . . . . . . Annex F

Fire Depar tment Access . . . . 3-1.1,10 Fire Detectors . . . . . . NFPA No. 72E Fire Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3- i. 1 .4

Fire Hose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3- I. 1.14, NFPA Nos. 14, 194, 196, 198

Fire Invest igation, Author i ty to Per form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3.5

Fire Line Barrier . . . . . . . . . Annex F

Fire Line Barrier, Passes and Credentials . . . . . . Annex F

Fire Line Barrier, T a m p e r i n g with . . . . . . Annex F

Fire Pum ps , Centrifugal . . . . . . NFPb No. 20

Fire Pumps , Steam . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 21

Fire Repor t Coding NFPA Nos. 901,901AM

Fire Retardant Trea tment of Building Materials

NFPA No. 703 Fire Retardant Trea tment of

Decorat ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.2 Fire Safety Regulat ions,

Post ing of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3- I. 1.6

Fire Tests Building Construction and

Materials . . . . . NFPA No. 251 Combustible

Decorations . . . . . . 3-4.2, 3-4.3 Door Assembl i e s . .NFPA No. 252 Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 701 Roof Cover ings . . .NF.PA No. 256 Surface Burning Char-

acteristics . . . . . NFPA No. 255 Textiles . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 701 Window Assemblies

NFPA No. 257 Fire Windows . . . . . . . NFPA No. 80 "Firefighting, Author i ty

for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex F Fireplaces . . . . . . . ' . . .NFPA No. 211 F i r e w o r k s . . . N F P A Nos. 44A, 494L Fixed Fire Ext inguish ing

Systems (see specific type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5.2

Flammable F i n i s h i n g . . . N F P A Nos. 33, 34

Flammable Liquids . . . . . 3-6, NFPA No. 30

Classified . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 321 Cleaning Small Tanks and

Containers . . . . NFPA No. 327 Containers . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30

Empty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6.2.3 Gas Freeing . . . . NFPA No. 327 Portable . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30 Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6.2.2

766 INDEX 1 - 8 5

Electrical Classification of Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6.2.1

F lammable Liquids Storage Room . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30

H a n d l i n g and Use . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30

Label ing . . . . . NFPA Nos. 30, 321 Portable

Conta iners . . . . . NFPA No. 30 Refinery . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30 Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30

A b a n d o n m e n t . . . N F P A No. 30 Aboveg round . . . . NFPA No. 30 Gas Free ing . . . . NFPA No. 327 Underground NFPA Nos. 30, 31

Leakage . . . . . . NFPA No. 329 T a n k Cars . . . . . . . NFPA No. 385 T r a n s f e r of . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30

F l a m m a b l e Liquid , Tank Car . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 385

F l a m m a b l e L iqu id Vehic les . . . . . . . NFPA No. 385

Floors, D r a i n i n g and Wate r Proof ing NFPA No. 92M

Flour Mil ls . .3-8.3, NFPA No. 61C Foam E x t i n g u i s h i n g Sys tems

3-5.2, NFPA No. 11, I1A, l I B Foam-Wate r E x t i n g u i s h i n g

Sys tems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 16 Forest P r o d u c t s

NFPA Nos. 46, 46A, 46B, 47 F re igh t T e r m i n a l s

NFPA Nos. 101, 513 Fuel Gas System,

O x y g e n . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 51 F u l m i n a t e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7.2.11 Fumiga t i on . . . . . 3-2, NFPA No. 57 Fumiga t ion ,

Fur . . . . . . . . . 3-2, NFPA No. 81 Fumiga t ion , Not i f ica t ion of . . . . . 3-2 Fur C l e a n i n g and

Storage . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 81 Fu rnaces . . . . NFPA Nos. 86A, 86B,

86C Fuel Oil . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 85D Indus t r ia l . . . . . . . NFPA Nos. 86A,

86B, 86C Natura l Gas . . . . . . NFPA No. 85B Pulver ized C o a l . . . N F P A No. 85E Water T u b e . . . . . . . N F P A No. 85

r a G E

Garages . . . . . NFPA Nos. 88A, 88B Gas A p p l i a n c e s . . . . . . . NFPA No. 54 Gas Engines ,

S ta t ionary . . . . . . . NFPA No. 37 Gas Haza rds on

Vesse ls . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 306 Gas H e a t i n g

E q u i p m e n t . . . . . . NFPA No. 54 Gas P i p i n g .' . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 54 Gaseous H y d r o g e n

Sys tems . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 50A Gaso l ine Blow

T o r c h e s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 393 G o v e r n m e n t

B u i l d i n g s . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Gra in E leva tors

3-8.3, NFPA Nos. 101, 61B G r a n d s t a n d s . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 102 Guard O p e r a t i o n s

NFPA Nos. 601, 601A G y m n a s i u m s . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101

D H m

Halon 1211. .3-5 .2 , NFPA No. 12B H a l o n 1301. .3-5 .2 , NFPA No. 12A H a l o n g e n a t e d E x t i n g u i s h i n g

Systems 3-5.2, NFPA Nos. 12A, 12B

Hanga r s , Ai rc ra f t NFPA Nos. 101, 409

Haza rd Aba t emen t P rocedu re s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.2

Haza rdous C h e m i c a l s NFPA No. 49 A m m o n i u m Nit ra te

NFPA Nos. 490, 492 Explosives . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 495 Fulminates . . . . . . . NFPA No. 495 Nitrocel lulose . . . . . NFPA No. 495 Nit roglycer in . . . . . NFPA No. 495 N i t rome thane . . . . . . NFPA No. 30 Prohibi ted . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 495 Radioactive Materials

NFPA Nos. 801, 802 Haza rdous Cond i t ions ,

Cor rec t ion of . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.2

.86 7 6 7 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION CODE

Hazardous Condit ions, Repor t ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 1 .1 .3

H a z a r d o u s G a s in B a l l o o n s 3 - 1 . 1 . 1 2 Hazardous Materials

3-9, NFPA No. 49 Hazardous Materials, Identification

of . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 704M Heaters, Portable . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 .2 .3 Heat ing Equipment (see specific

types) . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.2.2, 3-1.2.3 Heat ing Systems,

Residence . . . . . . NFPA No. 90B Distances f rom

Combustibles .NFPA No. 89M Fuel Oil

Fired . . . N F P A Nos. 85, 85D Furnaces . . . . NFPA Nos. 85, 85B,

85D, 85E, 86A, 86B Gas Fired . . . N F P A Nos. 85, 85B Portable Heaters . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.2.3 Smoke Pipes . . . N F P A Nos. 89M,

204, 211 Vent Connections NFPA Nos. 89M,

204, 211 Height of

Buildings . . . . NFPA No. 206M Hel ipor t . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 418 High Expans ion Foam Ext inguish .

ing Systems . . . . NFPA No. 11A H o m e s for the

Aged . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Hose Coupl ings . . . . NFPA No. 194 Hose, Fire . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 196 Hose, Gaskets . . . . . . NFPA No. 194 Hose Threads . . . . . . NFPA No. 194 Hospi tals . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101

Anesthetics . . . . . . . NFPA No. 56A Electrical Systems

NFPA Nos. 76A, 76CM Emergency P l a n s . . N F P A No. 3M Fire Drills . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Hyperbaric Facilities

NFPA No. 56D Hypobaric Facilities

NFPA No. 56E Nonflammable Medical Gas

Systems . . . . . . NFPA No. 56F Hospital Laboratories

NFPA No. 56C Hotels . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Hot Work, Cutt ing or

W e l d i n g . . . N F P A Nos. 51, 51B

Househo ld Fire Alarm Systems . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 74

Hydran t s . . . . . . 3-5.5, NFPA No. 291 Hydrogen Systems,

Gaseous . . . . . . . NFPA No. 50A Hydrogen Systems,

Liquefied . . . . . . NFPA No. 50B Hyperbar ic

Facilities . . . . . . . NFPA No. 56D Hypobar ic Facilities NFPA No. 56E

Impl ied Consent . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3.4.5 Incifierators . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 82 Identification of Hazardous

Materials . . . . . NFPA No. 704M Indoo r Storage . . . . . NFPA No. 231 Indust r ia l Equ ipment . . . . . . . . . 3-10 Indus t r ia l Fire

Brigades . . . . . NFPA Nos. 6, 27 Indus t r ia l Furnaces

NFPA Nos. 86B, 86C Indust r ia l Ovens

NFPA Nos. 86A, 86B Indus t r ia l Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7.24 Indus t r ia l Plants, Dust

Explos ions in . . . N F P A No. 63 Indus t r ia l T r u c k s . . . N F P A No. 505 Inhala t ion Anesthetics

NFPA No. 56A Inhalat ion The rapy

NFPA Nos. 56B, 56HM Inoperat ive Equipment ,

Repor t ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.7 Inspec t ion Authori ty . . . . . 1-3, 1-3.4 Inspec t ion Records . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.5 Ins t i tu t ions . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Intent of Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1.2 In ter ference with Fire

Depar tment . . . . . . . . . . . Annex F In ter ference with Fire Depar tment ,

Penalty for Annex F, Annex H In ter ference with Fire

Inspec tor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3.4 .3 Internal Combus t ion Engines 3-1.3.1 Intr insical ly Safe Process Control

Equ ipmen t . . . . . NFPA No. 493 Invest igat ion of Fires . . . . . . . . . 1-3.5

768 INDEX 1"87

- -J - -

Jails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101

- - K i n

Kettles, Tar Pot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6.3 Kindergar ten Schools

NFPA No. 101 Kitchen Hood and

Vents . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 96

- - L m

Laboratories . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Laboratories, Hospi ta l

NFPA No. 56C Laws, Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.4 Libraries . . . . . NFPA Nos. 101, 910 Life Safety Code . . . N F P A No. 101 Lighting . . . . . 3-1.2.2, NFPA No. 78 Liquid Oxidiz ing

Material . . . . . . . NFPA No. 43A Liquefied Gases

(see specific type) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 Liquefied Hydrogen

Systems . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 50B Liquefied Natural

Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 59A Liquefied Pet ro leum

Gases . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gases at

Utility Plants . . . . NFPA No. 59 Local Protective Signaling

Systems . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 72A Lodging Houses . . . . NFPA No. 101 Lumber Yards . . . . . . . NFPA No. 47

.Management Control of Fire Emergencies . . . . . . NFPA No. 7

Manholes, Flammable or Combust i - ble Liquids i n . . N F P A No. 328

Marinas . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 303 Marine Termina ls

NFPA Nos. 101, 307 Matches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 Matches Blazer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 Medical Gas, Nonf lammable

(see specific • type) . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 56F Mental Ins t i tu t ions

NFPA No. 101 Metal Degreasing . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10.2 Metal Dusts, A l u m i n u m

3-8.3, NFPA Nos, 65, 651 Metal Dusts, Magnes ium

3-8.3, NFPA Nos. 48, 652 Metal Dusts, T i t an ium

3-8.3, NFPA No. 481 Metalworking Machine Tools

NFPA No. 79 Milling of Agricul tural Commodi t ies

3-8.3, NFPA No. 61D Mills, Feed and Flour

3-8.3, NFPA No. 61C Model Rocketry . . . . NFPA No. 41L Mobile Homes . . . . NFPA No. 501B Mobile H o m e Parks

NFPA No. 501A Motels . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Motor Craft . . . . . . . . NFPA NO. 302 Motor Freight

Termina ls . . . . . . NFPA No. 513 Motor Homes . . . . . NFPA No. 501C Municipal Fire Alarms

Systems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 73 Museums . . . . . NFPA Nos. 101, 911

m M m

Machine Tools, Metal- working . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 79

Magazine, Explosives NFPA No. 495

Magnes ium . . . . NFPA Nos. 48, 652 Maintenance of

Equ ipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5.4

- - N - -

National Fire Codes I-1.3, 1-2.5, Annex A, B, D

Natural Gas, Liquefied . . . . . . NFPA No. 59A

Ni t roce l lu lose . .NFPA Nos. 40, 495 Nitroglycerin, Liquid

NFPA Nos. 495, 498

1 - 8 8 7 6 9 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION CODE

Nonflammable Gases NFPA No. 56F Notices, Retroactive

Correct ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.2.3 Notices, Serving of . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.3 Notices, Written . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.2.2 Notifying the Fire Depar tment

3-1.1.2, 3-1.1.3, 3-1.1.7, 3-2 Nurser ies . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Nurs ing Homes . . . . NFPA No. 101

D O r a

Obstruct ion to Exit ing . . . . . . . . 3-4.1 Obst ruc t ions on Roofs . . . . . . 3-4.1.2 Offices . . . . . . . - . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Oil Burn ing

Equipment . . . . "..NFPA No. 31 Ord ina ry Conduct

Requi rements . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1 Organic Coatings, Manufacture

of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 35 Orphanages . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Other Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.4, 1-2.5 Ou tdoor Fires . . . . . . 3-1.1.1, 3-1. ! .5 Outdoor S t o r a g e . . N F P A No, 231A Outdoor Storage, Forest Products

NFPA Nos. 46, 46A, 46B Outs ide P r o t e c t i o n . . . N F P A No. 24 O v e n s . . N F P A Nos. 86A, 86B, 86C Overc rowding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.1.4 Oxidizing Materials NFPA No. 43A Oxygen-Enr iched

Atmospheres : .NFPA No. 53M Oxygen Fuel Gas

Systems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 51 Oxygen Systems,

Bulk . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 50

- - p - -

Paint Spraying . . . . . . NFPA No. 33 Parking

G a r a g e s . . . N F P A No. 88A, 101 Passes and Credentials, Fire Line

Barrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex F Penal Ins t i tu t ions . .NFPA No. 101 Penalties . . . . . . . . . . 1-6.1, Annex D,

Annex H Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.1.2, 1-4.4,

1-7, Annex 1

Petroleum Gas, Liquefied . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 58

p iers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 87 Piping, Gas . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 54 Plant Emergency

Organizat ions NFPA Nos. 6, 27 Plastics . . . . . NFPA Nos. 654, 231B Plastics, Pyroxyl in

NFPA Nos. 40, 42, 43 Plumbers , Furnaces NFPA No. 393 Pneumat ic Conveying

Systems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 60 Police Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3.1 Portable Fire Ext inguishers

NFPA Nos . '10 , 10L Portable Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.2.3 Portable Shipping

Tanks . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 386 Powered Indust r ia l

Trucks . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 505 Pressurized Enclosures , Electrical

Equipment in . .NFPA No. 496 Private Fire

B r i g a d e s . . . . . NFPA Nos. 6, 27 Process Control

Equ ipment . . . . . NFPA No. 493 Propr ie tary Protective Signaling

Systems . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 72D Pyroxyl in Plastics

NFPA Nos. 40, 42, 43 Pulverized Fuel

Systems . . .N FPA Nos. 60, 85E Purged Locations, Electrical

Equ ipment in . .NFPA No. 496 Purpose of Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1.2

~ R - -

Rack Storage . . . . . NFPA No. 231C Records . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA N o . 232 Records, Cutt ing and

Welding . . . . . . . NFPA No. 51B Record of Approva ls . . . . . . . . . 1-8.2 Records, Protection

of . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No, 232AM Records Required,

Inspect ion . . . . . . . . " . . . . . . . . 1-4.5 Recreational

Vehicles . . . . . . NFPA No. 501C

770 INDEX 1-89

Recreational Vehicle Parks . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 501D

Refineries . . . . . NFPA Nos. 30, 101 Refuse, Combust ible . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Remote Station" Signaling

Systems . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 72C Repai r Garages . . . . NFPA No. 88B Responsibi l i ty for

E n f o r c e m e n t . . . A n n e x D, 1-4.1 Restaurants . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Retroactive Correct ion

Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.2.3 Retroactive Provis ions . . . . . . . . 1-2.1 Revocation of Permits, Approvals or

Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.4 Right of Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3.4 Rocketry, Model . . . N F P A No. 41L Roof Cover ings

NFPA Nos. 256, 203M Roof Obst ruc t ions . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.1.2 Roofing Kettles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6.3 Rooming Houses . . . N F P A No. 101 Rubber , C e l l u l a r . . N F P A No. 231B Rubbish Fires . . . . . . 3-1.1.1, 3-1.1.5 Rubbish

H a n d l i n g . . . 3 - 3 , NFPA No. 82 Rural Water

Suppl ies . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 25

- - S - -

Salvaging Opera t ions NFPA No. 604 Sawmills . . . . . NFPA Nos. 101, 664 Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Security Guard

Opera t ion . . . . NFPA No. 601A Sewers, Flammable & Combust ible

Liquids in . . . . . . NFPA No. 328 Severability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.3 Service Stations NFPA No. 30, 101 Servicing of Notices . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.3 Ship Repair . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 312 Shopp ing Centers . .NFPA No. 101 Signaling Systems

Auxiliary Protective NFPA No. 72B Central Station . . . . NFPA No. 71 Local Protective . .NFPA No. 72B Proprietary Protective

NFPA No. 72D Remote S t a t i o n . . . N F P A No. 72C

Smoking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.11 Solid Oxidiz ing

Material . . . . . . . NFPA No. 43A Solvent Extract ion

Plants . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 36 Special Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7.2.3 Spice Gr ind ing

Plants . . .3-8.3, NFPA No. 656 Spray Finishing . . . . . NFPA No. 33 Spread of Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.1 Spr inkler Systems

3-5.2, NFPA Nos. 13, 13A Stables . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Standpipes . . . . 3-5.3, NFPA No. 1 4 Starch Factories , Dust Explos ions

in . . . . . . . 3-8.3, NFPA No. 61A Static Electricity . . . . . NFPA No. 77 Stationary Combus t ion

Engines . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 37 Stationary Gas

Engines . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 37 Steam Fire P u m p s . . . N F P A No. 21 Storage . . . . . NFPA Nos. 231, 231A,

231B, 231C Storage, I ndoo r . . . . . NFPA No. 231 Storage, O u t d o o r . . N F P A No. 231A Storage, Rack . . . . . NFPA No. 231C Supplementa ry Requi rements .1-2.6 Sugar, Pulverized

3-8.3, NFPA No. 62 Sulfur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 655 Sum m ary Abatement . . . . . . . . 1-4.2.1 Supermarkets . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Surface Burn ing Characterist ics,

Tests of . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 255 Suspens ion of Permits, Approvals

or Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . 1"-4.4 Sweeping C o m p o u n d s . . . . . . . 3-1.2.1 Synthetic Foam Ext inguish ing

Systems . . . . . . . . NFPA No. l i B

- - T D

Tamper ing with extinguishing systems 3-1.1.14 with Fire Line Ba r r i e r s . . Anne x F with Portable Fire

Extinguishers . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.14 with Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.14 with Warning Systems . . . . 3-1.1.14 with Water Tanks . . . . . . . . 3-1.1.14

1-90 NFPA FIRE PREVENTION 'CODE 771

Tank Cars, for Flammable Liquids . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 385

Tank Vehicles, for Flammable and Combust ib le Liquids . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 385

Tanks, Flammable and Combust ib le Liquids . . . . . . NFPA No.. 30, 31

Tar Pots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6.3 T e m p o r a r y Permit . . . . . . . . . . I-7.2.3 Tents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 102 Terminals , Motor

Freight . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 513 Textiles, Fire

Tests . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 701 Theaters . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Ti tan ium . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 481 Title of Code . . . . . . 1-1.1, Annex D Town Halls . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Trans fe r of Flammable

Liquids . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 30 Travel Trai lers . . .NFPA No. 501C Trea tment of Bui lding

Materials . . . . . . . NFPA No. 703 Truck Fires . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 512 Truck Termina ls

NFPA Nos. 101, 513 Trucks, Powered

Indust r ia l . . . . . . NFPA No. 505

- - U ~

Universi t ies . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101

Vacant Buildings, Barr icading of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3- I. 1.9

Vacant Lots . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 1 . 1 . 4 , 3 - 3 . 1 Vacate, Failure to . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4.1.6 Validity of Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2.3 Vaporizing Liquids,

Ex t ingu i sh ing Agents, Hazards o f . . . N F P A No. 182M

Ventilat ing Systems NFPA No. 90A

Venting, Explos ion . .NFPA No. 68 Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 211 Vessels, Repair . . . . . NFPA No. 312 Violations 1-6, Annex D, Annex H

m W I

Warehouses . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 101 Warm-Air Heat ing System for

Residences . . . . . NFPA No. 90B Warn ing Signs, Post ing of . . 3 - 1 . 1 . 6 Waste, Combust ib le . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Waste, Disposal Sites . . . . . . . . . 3-3.3 Waste Hand l ing Plants . . . . . . . 3-3.5 Waste, Transpor ta t ion

of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3.4 Water-Cooling

Towers . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 214 Water-proofing

Floors . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 92M Water Spray Ext inguish ing

Systems . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 15 Water Suppl ies

3-5.5, NFPA Nos. 24, 25, 26 Water Tanks . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 22 Wearing Apparel , Classification of

F l a m m a b i l i t y . . . N F P A No. 702 Welding and

Cutt ing . . . N F P A Nos. 51, 51B Wetting Agents . . . . . . NFPA No. 18 Wharves . . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 87 Window Assemblies , Fire

Tests of . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 257 Wood Chips, Ou tdoor

Storage . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 46A Wood Flour

Plants . . .3-8.3, NFPA No. 664 Woodwork ing

Plants . . . . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 664 Writ ten Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4.2.2

X-Y-Z

Zi rconium . . . . . . . . NFPA No. 482M