renewable energy in bosnia and herzegovina -...
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Renewable Energy in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Introduction to the Sector and financing models
2
Form of Government: Republic
Governmental System: Parliamentary democracy
Area: 51,209 km2; a total of 1,538 km of shared
borders with Croatia (932 km), Montenegro (249 km), Serbia (357 km)
Population: 3.5 million (Census 2013)
Capital: Sarajevo (population of some 400,000)
Administration: Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
(10 cantons, 79 municipalities), Republika Srpska (63 municipalities)
and Brčko District
GDP (2015): EUR 28,5 billion in BAM
Per capita GDP (2015): EUR 8.107 in BAM
Unemployment rate: 32 %
Currency: Convertible mark (ISO-code: BAM),
BAM/EUR = 1.956 - BAM/USD = 1.87
Nihad HARBAŠEnergy & Climate Change Consultant
[email protected]+ 387 62 33 34 32
Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)
INTRODUCTION / CONTENT
B&H Energy balance
RES segment/strategy/targets
RES incentives mechanisms + financing models
B&H RES progress and trajectories
Overview of the BIOENERGY market in B&H
Best practice: Fuel swith projects (Coal → Wood chips) - lessons learned
B&H Energy balance
4
Share of electricity production in B&H
55%
5%
25%
15%
Residental
Services
Industry
Transport
estimated Total energy consumpiton in B&H 140 PJ/a
Source: SERC Total electricity consumpiton in B&H (2016) 46,3 PJ/a
33
%
RES segment/strategy/targets
5
Overall target for the share of energy from renewable sources in gross final consumption of energy in for the baseline year and 2020, for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Source: B&H NREAP
RES 2020 targets
6
Source: B&H NREAP
GFEC
Sector ktoe GWh
Heating and
cooling2.069,8 24.147,7
Electricity 1.303,6 15.208,7
Transport 1.129,1 13.172,8
Gross Final Energy
Consumption4.851,3 56.598,5
RES
ktoe GWh %
1.085,212.660,
752,4%
741,4 8.649,7 56,9%
113,9 1.328,8 10,1%
1.940,522.639,
240,0%
Current
incentive
Share of RES Tehnologies for incetives
in B&H
7
HYDRO63,8%
SOLAR2,1%
WIND27,5%
BIOMASS6,7%
B&H RElectricity 2020 Incentives –FiT/FiP
B&H RES 2020RES Technology MW GWh
HYDRO 162,36 712,12
SOLAR 16,20 23,00
WIND 142,80 307,00
BIOMASS 21,12 74,56
Total 342,48 1.116,68Source: B&H NREAP
RElectricity for incentives
8
Total for incentive: 1.116,68 GWh
Total share of RES in 2020: 22.639,2 GWh
RES Baseline 2020
Electricity (ktoe)495,2 741,4
Electricity (GWh) 5.779,0 8.652,1
2020 GWh
Share of RElectricity 2.873,4
RElectricity for
incentive1.116,7
39%
Total for
incentives:
4,93%
Source for incentives - RES Levy
9
Unit price for
RES Levy (end
of 2016)
pf/kWh KM/kWh
FBiH 0,11 0,00105696
RS 0,25 0,0025
Income from
levyy?
RS
FBiH
B&H
Paymnet
Income
Unit price for
RES Levy (beg
of 2017)
pf/kWh KM/kWh
FBiH 0,20 0,001976
RS 0,44 0,0044
Incentive mechanism: feed-in-tariff (FiT)
10
Federation B&H (12
yr) Example: Biomass Technologies
Incentive mechanism: FiT/FiP
11
Example: Biomass Technologies
Republik
a S
rpska (
15
yr)
B&H RElectricity progress and trajectories
12
87
8,5
12,75
53
65,5
268,55
140
74
281,3
0 100 200 300
No.of facilities
Installedcapacity (MW)
El.generation(GWh)
RES Operation figures in B&H (June 2016)
BiH Total HYDRO SOLAR
2020
Installed: 342,5 MW
El.generation:
1116,7 GWh
Solar: 16,2 MW
Hydro: 161,36 MW
2016
Solar:
8,5 MW (52%)
Hydro:
65,5 MW (40%)
Achievements
Total electcity generation from RES under FIT:
25 %
* Calculation based on available data – N.Harbas Source: ERS, OIEiEK FBiH
B&H R RElectricity progress and trajectories
13
B&H RES 2016 vs 2020 (MW)
RES Technology 2020 2016 %
HYDRO 162,36 89,29 55%
SOLAR 16,20 14,8 91,4%
WIND 142,80 0,3 5,9%
BIOMASS 21,12 1,2 0,2%
Total 342,48 105,6 30,8%
Hydro; 74
Hydro; 89,29
Solar; 160
Solar; 14,8
Biogas; 1
Biogas; 1
Biomass; 1
Biomass; 0,25
Wind; 1
Wind; 0,3
Other; 1
Other; 0,43
No.of PP MW
* Calculation based on available data – N.Harbas Source: ERS, OIEiEK FBiH
B&H RES progress and trajectories
14
Biomass 2020 heating targets vs 2014
progress
15
Source: National Renewable Energy Action Plans of the W-B countries; progress is measured based on Progress Reports (2016), and for BIH-IEA
Energy Balances (2014).
BIOENERGY
16
17
Environmental
Economic & market
Technical
Natural
•Large scale utilization
J
• Energy
tons, m³, l)
• Biofuels
Processing potential
Small scale utilization
Wood&food processing industry
Biofuels producing
Free market
Market barriers
Institutional barriers
Stretegic approach
Policy makers
Research institutions
Investors
Potential regions
o
Tehnical regions
Administrative regions
Database
Scenarios
Supporting mechanism
Capital/Budget Grants Commercial
ESCOCommunity based models
Business / financial models
Agriculture
Forestry
Po
ten
tial
s
Innovative technologies
Biomass market in BiH
Biomass market in BiH
18
Environmental
Economic & market
Technical
Natural
•Large scale utilization
J
• Energy
tons, m³, l)
• Biofuels
Processing potential
Small scale utilization
Wood&food processing industry
Biofuels producing
Free market
Market barriers
Institutional barriers
Stretegic approach
Policy makers
Research institutions
Investors
Potential regions
o
Tehnical regions
Administrative regions
Database
Scenarios
Supporting mechanism
Capital/Budget Grants Commercial
ESCOCommunity based models
Business / financial models
Agriculture
Forestry
Po
ten
tial
s
Innovative technologies
Biomass CHP
technologies market pull in BiH
19
Strategy / Policy
/ Legislative and
regulative
framework
Technology
approaches
and piloting
Business and
financing
models
Fundamental research
Applied research and development
Demonstration phase Market pull
Commercial on the market
Supply
chain
CHP technology strategy/action
plan for BiH
Lobbying for CHP on
political, administrative
and investor level
Analysis of barriers in legal and regulative
framework for CHP application / Development
draft regulation changes
Analysis and recommendation for environmental
protection requirements
Development of options for support schemes for
CHP technologiesAwareness raising and education of entity and
state decision makers on CHP potential and
options
Trainings and capacity development for
municipal and private actors to develop
CHP projects
Linkages with technology
providers and potential public
and private investors
Identification of innovative RE application projects (at
least 3 pilots)Cooperation with research institutes &
study torurs
Overview and analysis of possible
financing and business models for CHP in
district heating and SMEs
Linkages between public investors and financing
institutions
Development of norms, standards,
quality control for biomass supply
Deveopment of long-term supply
contracting options
Development of
options for
transport and
storage
Priority locations for CHP plants based
on potential identified
Proposals for feasible technologies on the
BiH market with larger scale application on
market developed
Linkages between public institutions &
private investors
Component
Average energy prices at B&H market
20
0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2
Lož ulje
Električna…
Prirodni gas
Pelet
Briket
Ugalj
Drvna sječka
Ogrjevno drvo KM/kWh
Biomass market status quo!
21
Wood pellets and briquettes producers in
BiH
22
1
1
1
1
11
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
11
1
1
1 1
11
21Estimated total annual production of
pellets in BiH at about 300,000 tons.
Export: 80% LC: 20%
Import: ???
Example:
Evolution of the Italian Pellet Market from 2003 to 2010.
23
Wood pellet boilers&stoves
producers/dealers
24
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
LEGEND:
Wood pellet boilers producers
Wood pellet boilers and stoves
dealers
B&H Biomass figures
25
up to 20kW
32,94%
25 kW24,51%
35 kW30,11%
50 kW9,50%
75 kW1,61%
100 kW1,23%
150 kW0,03%
250 kW0,08%
Sold biomass boilers in 2015 (1 company
with 35% B&H market share)
• 6.527No.
• 200,2MWapprox.: 35 %
BH market 2015
No.
• 18.500
MW
• 570
B&H Biomass figures
26
Pellets by
KG
18.500 boilers 3 t/a consumption 56.000 t/a
300.000 t pellets produced 150 €/t price 45 mil € turnover
27
Final remarks!
Financing mechanism & support schemes
for RES in BiH
28
Capital/Budget Grants
Commercial (B)ESCO/PPP
Community based models – Energy cooperatives
Feed-in tariff
Feed in premium
Feed-in premiun
Tendering/ auction
Guarantee of origin
EU ETS
i
Local
govermen
t
EE Fund
s
USAID
PRIVATE
SECTOR
Caritas
SIDA
UNDP
IPAWBIF
WeBSEEF II
GGF
WB
EBRD
EIB
kfW
GIZ
AVAILABLE FUNDS FOR RE PROJECTS IN BIH
Best practice: Fuel switch projects (Coal → Wood chips)
30
BEFORE AFTER
Coal Energy fuel Wood chips
65 Efficiency (%) 86
70 t/aConsumption of fuel (t/a;
m3)250 m3
9,980.00Fuel costs (BAM/a)
4,972.50
70CO2
emissions (tCO2/a)
CO2 neutral
Savings
BAM/a 5.000,00
% 50
tCO2 70
Best practice: Fuel switch projects (Coal → Wood chips)
31
BEFORE AFTER
