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Renaissance to Impressionism Slide 2 Renaissance Mannerism 16 th Century Printmaking and Painting Baroque Rococo American Painting Neoclassicism Romanticism Realism Impressionism Slide 3 Early Renaissance 1. Spiritual mysticism of Gothic era challenged by logical thought 2. Humanism revived 3. Scientific naturalism 4. Individualism Slide 4 High Renaissance Cultural center moves from Florence to Rome Stable without being static/dull Varied without being confused Harmony, order, clarity Lucidity, proportion, balance Calm, rational, idealized Set standards that were followed in European art for almost 400 years Slide 5 Donatello (Early) Leonardo da Vinci (High) Michelangelo Buanarroti (High) Raphael Sanzio (High) Titian (High/Venetian) Slide 6 Slide 7 Slide 8 Slide 9 Slide 10 Slide 11 Slide 12 Slide 13 Slide 14 Slide 15 Characteristics Sophistication, elegance, poise Art of the human figure, almost exclusively Emphasis on hands and feet Compositions with numerous figures: crowded, intricate Figures willfully distorted and elongated Elegant, complex, twisted (strained) poses, juxtaposition Positions and actions have little to do with subject matter (emotional affect) Discrepancies of scale; unusual spatial effects Unnatural color: vivid, pastel, often harsh Slide 16 Slide 17 Slide 18 Sudden awareness of advances made by Italian Renaissance Desire to assimilate this new style as rapidly as possible Slide 19 Slide 20 Slide 21 Slide 22 Taste for dramatic action and violent narrative scenes Color and light dramatically contrasted and surfaces are richly textured Compositions are usually asymmetrical, sharp diagonals Landscape, genre, and still life become more numerous Slide 23 Slide 24 Slide 25 Slide 26 Slide 27 Slide 28 Slide 29 Slide 30 Slide 31 Age of Enlightenment Style expression of wit and frivolity, with somber and satirical under currents Typical picture depicts the aristocracy gathered in parks and gardens. Classical gods and goddess in amorous pursuits World of fantasy and grace Slide 32 Slide 33 Slide 34 Slide 35 Slide 36 New (neo) investigation of classical art of Rome and Greece Correctness: following the rules established by the academics Message of high moral order Sharpness of drawing, crisp lines, firm outlines Formal, restrained compositions Style and subject matter: Classical Greece and Rome Reaction to earlier art styles( and courtly life-style) Time of revolutions, American and French Slide 37 Slide 38 Slide 39 Subject matter: biblical and literary themes, the exotic and remote Emphasis on: Emotion (not reason) Drama turbulent emotion Complex compositions, asymmetry Individual interpretations Color First artists to totally reject servitude to a patron of any kind, influenced by themes from literature and or far away places, including escapism, exciting-subjective color, swirling diagonals, intense and sometimes violent and unpredictable, aggressive-painterly brushstrokes, hazy outlines Slide 40 Slide 41 Slide 42 Slide 43 Slide 44 Slide 45 Slide 46 Slide 47 Time of conflicts between the classes Time of Industrial Revolution in England Urban areas and their social ills Time of Marx and Engels Realist movement in art reaction against exotic escapism of Romantics Slide 48 Slide 49 Slide 50 Slide 51 Slide 52 Slide 53 Slide 54 They preferred genre subjects, like leisure activities, entertainment, landscape and cityscapes They were influenced by Japanese prints and photography more so than political events They were more concerned with optical realism and the natural properties of light Watched light and how it changed with time of day and during different weather conditions, and seasons They also studied artificial light They were at first rejected by the French Academy and the public. In response, held their own eight exhibitions between 1874-1886 Slide 55 Slide 56 Slide 57 Slide 58 Slide 59 Slide 60 Slide 61 Slide 62 Slide 63 Slide 64 Slide 65 Slide 66 Slide 67 Slide 68 Georgia OKeeffe: Early Abstraction Pablo Picasso: Cubism and between the wars Vincent Van Gogh: Post- Impressionism Salvador Dali: Surrealism