Religious Conflicts in Caroline England, 1625-40

Marital RelationsHenrietta Maria; Royal

Catholicism

Arminianism & EnglandAfter DortImportation; Containment

Combining Religion & PoliticsThe Forced LoanMaynwaring, Sibthorpe

Laud & FriendsDurham House Group

Laudian Style & PracticePolicies, Justification“Thorough” EnforcementOpponents

Charles, c. 1635/6, by Anthony van Dyck; NPG, on Display at Banqueting House

Marital RelationsHenrietta Maria, French Princess

Queen Consort of Charles, m. 1625

Coronation IssueLasting Personal Influence on

KingWell After Buck.’s Death

Royal Catholicism (qua Mary Tudor)Unrepentant, UncompromisingPrivate, Catholic ChapelLavish Lifestyle (High Costs)Center of English Suspicion

Importing Foreign DoctrinesA Wolf in Wolves’ Clothing

Henrietta Maria, c. 1632-5, by Sir Anthony Van Dyck, NPG

Arminianism & EnglandAfter Dort

Followers of Jacobus ArminiusJames’ Calvinist PositionRelationship vis-à-vis Catholicism

ImportationAs with Foreign DoctrinesOvert, Catholic (or Seemingly)Covert, Protestant (Ambiguity)Arminianism/Anglicanism/

FormalityQuasi-Catholicism (Popery)Spark & Conflagration

Containing the FireDependent on the SovereignJames to ‘25 (& Abbot to ‘33)Charles from ‘25 (& Laud from

’33)Arminius, c. 1620 (He Died, ‘09)

Combining Religion & PoliticsThe Forced Loan, 1626-7

For Lack of CashWildly Unpopular; Imprisonment w/o

Cause

Roger MaynwaringRoyal Chaplain to CharlesSermons on Obedience to KingEndorsed Absolute AllegianceImprisoned by Parlia.; Pardoned by King

Robert SibthorpeSermon in NorthamptonshireObedience to King on All MattersTaxation/Finance Not ExceptedImprisoned, Pardoned; Royal Chaplain

Works Printed via William Laud, Bp. Bath & Wells

Laud & FriendsWilliam Laud, Bp. London ’28

Anti-Calvinist; Pro-DRKArchbishop of Canterbury, ’33

Richard Neile, Abp. York, ’31Political Connections; Leader

John Buckeridge, Bp. Ely, ’28Former Tutor to Laud

Richard Montagu, Bp. Chichester, ’28New Gagg for an Old Goose, Anti-

CalvinistJohn Cosin, A.deacon in Yorkshire, ‘25

Private Devotions, Crypto-Catholic

Durham House Group, 1617-30Neile’s London Residence, The StrandTheological Home for Like-Minded

Friends

Laud, c. 1635-7, by Anthony van Dyck; Fitzwilliam Museum, Univ. of Cambridge

Laudian Style & PracticePolicies

Declaration of Sports, ’33, 2nd Ed.; Central Table to Railed East End AltarElevated Ceremonial AspectsWealth, Power, Dignity of ChurchMagnificence of Cathedrals (St. Paul’s)

Justification“The Beauty of Holiness”: Psalm 29:2,

96:9Dignity of & Respect for the Church

“Thorough” Enforcement (qua Wentworth)Strict Conformity to Established ChurchVs. Nonconformity (Puritans > Catholics)

Opponents: Puritans & ConstitutionalistsWilliam Prynne; Plays, Episcopacy; Ears,

S.L.

Prynne’s 1633, Ill-Timed Attack on Stage Plays