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Navy Helicopters in the Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Relief (HA/DR) Mission LCDR Dennis Monagle, USN 1 UNCLAS

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Page 1: Relief (HA/DR) Mission - AMDO

Navy Helicopters in the Humanitarian Assistance / DisasterHumanitarian Assistance / Disaster 

Relief (HA/DR) MissionLCDR Dennis Monagle, USN

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IntroductionIntroduction

• OCS graduateOCS graduate• 1998 – 2001: VT‐27, HT‐8, AWSTS200 200 / S S• 2001 – 2007: HM‐14  / AWSTS

• 2007 – 2009: USS THEODORE ROOSEVELT• 2009 – 2011: Maintenance Officer / OIC HM‐14

• 2011 – 2014: NAVAIR (PMA‐261)

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AgendaAgenda

• Viewpoint of briefViewpoint of brief• What is HA/DR and why is the Navy involved?

S li ( l )• US Navy Helicopters (Helos)• Recent cases of HA/DR and USN Heloparticipation

• The Maintenance Leadership role in the pmission

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HA/DRHA/DR

• ROMO – Range of Military Operations.O O a ge o ta y Ope at o s.• MOOTW principles are an extension of US warfighting doctrine.g g

• MOOTW focus on deterring war, resolving conflict,  promoting peace, and supporting civil authorities in response to domestic crises.

• DSCA – Defense Support of Civil Authorities.– Non DoD entities requesting mil support in time of national disaster.  Requests all vetted through NORTHCOM.

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What exactly is HA?What exactly is HA?

• Humanitarian Assistance (HA) operations relieve ( ) por reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human pain disease hunger or privation inhuman pain, disease, hunger, or privation in countries or regions outside the United States.

• The US military can respond rapidly to emergencies or disasters and achieve order in austere locations.  US forces can provide logistics; command control communications andcommand, control, communications, and computers; and the planning required to initiate and sustain HA operations.

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Some DefinitionsSome Definitions

• Foreign Disaster — An act of nature (such as aForeign Disaster  An act of nature (such as a flood, drought, fire, hurricane, earthquake, volcanic eruption, or epidemic), or an act of man (such as a riot, violence, civil strife, explosion, fire, or epidemic), which is or h b f ffi i i dthreatens to be of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant United States foreign disaster relief to a foreign country foreigndisaster relief to a foreign country, foreign persons, or to an intergovernmental organizationorganization. 

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• Foreign Disaster Relief — Prompt aid that can be used to alleviate the suffering of foreignbe used to alleviate the suffering of foreign disaster victims. Normally it includes humanitarian services and transportation; thehumanitarian services and transportation; the provision of food, clothing, medicine, beds, and bedding; temporary shelter and housing;and bedding; temporary shelter and housing; the furnishing of medical materiel and medical and technical personnel; and making repairsand technical personnel; and making repairs to essential services.

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• Foreign Humanitarian Assistance —Department of Defense acti ities normall inDepartment of Defense activities, normally in support of the United States Agency for International Development or Department ofInternational Development or Department of State, conducted outside the United States, its territories and possessions to relieve orterritories, and possessions to relieve or reduce human suffering, disease, hunger, or privation (privation Lack of the basicprivation. (privation = Lack of the basic necessities or comforts of life)

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Why is the US Navy involved in HA/DR?Why is the US Navy involved in HA/DR?

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2010 NSS p. 392010 NSS p. 39• Leading Efforts to Address Humanitarian Crises: Together with the American people and the international community, we will continue to respond to humanitarian crises to ensure that those in need have the assistance they need. In such circumstances, we are also placing a greater emphasis on fostering long‐term recovery. Haiti’s devastating earthquake is g y g qonly the most recent reminder of the human and material consequences of natural disasters, and a changing climate portends a future in which the United g g pStates must be better prepared and resourced to exercise robust leadership to help meet critical humanitarian needs.

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NMS – p. 15NMS  p. 15 

• Humanitarian assistance and disaster reliefHumanitarian assistance and disaster relief activities employ the Joint Force to address partner needs and sometimes providepartner needs and sometimes provide opportunities to build confidence and trust between erstwhile adversaries They also helpbetween erstwhile adversaries. They also help us gain and maintain access and relationships that support our broader national intereststhat support our broader national interests.

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USN Maritime StrategyUSN Maritime Strategy• Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Response. Building on relationships forged in times of calm, we will continue to mitigate human suffering as the vanguard of interagency and multinational efforts, g g yboth in a deliberate, proactive fashion and in response to crises. Human suffering moves us to act, and the expeditionary character of maritime forces uniquely p y q ypositions them to provide assistance. Our ability to conduct rapid and sustained non‐combatant evacuation operations is critical to relieving the plight p g p gof our citizens and others when their safety is in jeopardy.

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How it’s tasked (nutshell version)

DOS DOD COCOM

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JFMCCJFMCC StarStar UnitUnitJFMCCJFMCC StarStar UnitUnit

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Why Helos?Why Helos?

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USN Helo Core CapabilitiesUSN Helo Core Capabilities• Access to remote landing zones (unprepared)• No Runway requirement• Cargo (internal / external) capabilityP t f bilit• Passenger transfer capability

• Medical patient transfer capable• SAR capability (actual or OSC)SAR capability (actual or OSC)• US and Multi‐national shipboard capability• FLIR / Damage assessment capability• NVG flying• Versatile / Rapid transport to mission area – ship or aircraftaircraft

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The US Navy’s Two Types of lHelicopters

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H‐60 T/M/S• 13,000 Max Density Altitude • 180 Max Airspeed• 180 Max Airspeed• ~130 Cruise speed

d• Endurance – With aux tank  3+00

h k– Without aux tank  2+00 

Ai f O i W i h• Aircraft Operating Weight – with Aux empty: 18,293 lbs– with Aux full: 19 593 lbswith Aux full: 19,593 lbs

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Limits• ~ 22,500 lbs Max Gross Weight• ~ 23 500 lbs Max GW with External Loads•  23,500 lbs Max GW with External Loads• Internal Cargo Limits

– 5,500 lbs max internal cargo– 4,733 lbs max palletized cargo– 3,000 lbs max single pallet (40”x48”)

• ~ 8,000 lbs cargo hook limit• 600 lbs hoisting limit

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Limits Cont.

• Passengers12 i h i l A T k– 12 max without internal Aux Tank

– 8 max with Aux Tank installed

• Litters– 4 max without Aux Tank Installed– 3 max with Aux Tank installed

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MH‐53E• 10,000 Max Altitude (3710.7U limit)

– Up to 12,000 for 1 hour when mission essentialUp to 12,000 for 1 hour when mission essential • 150KIAS Max Airspeed• ~ 120 Cruise speed• ~ 22K of fuel• ~ 4K lbs/hour fuel burn• Endurance 

~ 5+30~ U li it d ith I fli ht f li~ Unlimited with In‐flight refueling

• Aircraft Operating Weight ~39,000lbs39,000 bs

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Limits• 69 750 lbs Max Gross Weight• 69,750 lbs Max Gross Weight• Mix of approx 30,000lbs of fuel and cargo• Internal Cargo Limits

– 300 lbs per square inch– 2200 lbs on ramp– Up to 88 inch wide and 84 inch tall cargo

• Single Point external load 25,000 lbs• 600 lbs hoisting limit• 600 lbs hoisting limit• Palletized cargo can be loaded by forklift with rotors engagedrotors engaged

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Limits Cont.

• Passengers50 ( i ) i h li (– 50 max (minus crew) with center line seats (up to 55 without crash attenuating seats)30 ( i ) t ith t li– 30 (minus crew) seats with no center line

• 24 pole type litters– Stacked 4 high three set along each side (no pax)– Note Litter configuration is for Standard Navy MEDEVAC Litter.  

• Pax and litters may be mixed• Pax and litters may be mixed

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Notable HA/DR MissionsNotable HA/DR Missions

• Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004• Katrina (DSCA) 2005

h i h k 200• Kashmir Earthquake 2005• Haiti Earthquake 2010• Pakistan Floods 2010• Japanese Tsunami 2011Japanese Tsunami 2011

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Indian Ocean TsunamiIndian Ocean Tsunami

• December 26, 2004ece be 6, 00• 9.2 magnitude earthquake caused tsunami• 157,577 people killed, 26,763 missing, and157,577 people killed, 26,763 missing, and 1,075,350 displaced (USGS estimate)

• USN part of JTF 536 – Operation UNIFIED p pASSISTANCE

• Abraham Lincoln CSG & BHR ESG• Coastal road was eliminated – had to supply from sea

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• “Admiral Thomas Fargo, commander of PACOM, emphasized the l f “h li t ti l lift” t th f th U S N ’value of “helicopter vertical lift” to the success of the U.S. Navy’s 

humanitarian mission in Indonesia.” • “During UNIFIED ASSISTANCE, sea basing proved to be a culturally 

sensitive and politically flexible response to a natural disaster in asensitive and politically flexible response to a natural disaster in a region dominated by Muslims and the scene of an active domestic insurgency. “Hard power” assets, like the aircraft carrier and support ships provided by the U.S. Navy, in conjunction with air 

t d l f th A M i C d Ai Fsupport and personnel from the Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force, provided tremendous “soft power” effects. This operation produced enormous goodwill, in particular when compared to the experience of other powers in the region—like China—that could p p gnot send similar forces.”

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Hurricane KatrinaHurricane Katrina• August 29, 2005 – landfall as a strong CAT 3 hurricane.• DSCA• USN part of JTF KatrinaM i t f i d d / fl di t G lf• Massive amount of wind damage / flooding to Gulf Coast area of US.

• US Navy sends USS HARRY TRUMAN, USS IWO JIMA, yand USS BATAAN along with several other gator ships.

• At the height of operations, the various elements of the Department of Defense had more than 350the Department of Defense had more than 350 helicopters and over 70 fixed wing aircraft involved in Katrina relief efforts.

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Kashmir EarthquakeKashmir Earthquake 

• October 2005October 2005• 7.6 magnitude

000 kill d• 75,000 + killed• USN Navy helos responded as part of ESG 1 DAC Pakistan.

• Part of a Joint Services effort to move cargo, g ,medical and disaster relief supplies into very remote mountain areas.

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Haiti EarthquakeHaiti Earthquake

• January 12 2010January 12, 2010• 7.0 magnitude quake3 illi l ff d• 3 million people affected

• USN part of JTF Haiti and Operation UNIFIED RESPONSE

• CHSCWL helos moved 3.4M lbs of cargog• CHSCWL helos moved over 13,000 passengers

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CHSCWL Haiti Force SummaryCHSCWL Haiti Force Summary

Unit Forces Ashore/Afloat LocationsHM-14 5 x MH-53E • USS CARL VINSON (CVN 70)

• USS BATAAN (LHD 5)HM-15 3 x MH-53E

• USS WASP (LHD 1)

• USS NASSAU (LHA 4)

HSC-2 2 x MH-60S

HSC-22 3 x MH-60S

• USNS LEWIS & CLARK (T-AKE 1)

• USNS SACAGAWEA (T-AKE 2)

HSC-26 2 x MH-60S

HSC-28 4 x MH-60S

HSC 9 2 MH 60S• USNS COMFORT (T-AH 20)

• Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba

HSC-9 2 x MH-60S

HS-11 2 x HH-60H, 2 x SH-60F

HS-15 1 x HH-60H, 4 x SH-60F

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y,

• Port au Prince, Haiti

HS 15 1 x HH 60H, 4 x SH 60F

9 Squadrons 30 Helicopters

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JTF Haiti SupportJTF Haiti Support• Support of Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief

N b f ilit l ( k l l) 22 268• Number of military personnel (peak level): 22,268• Number of U.S. Navy ships: 23• Number of U.S. Coast Guard ships: 10• Number of fixed‐wing aircraft: 264g• Number of helicopters: 57• Liters of water distributed: 2,600,000• Humanitarian rations packages distributed: 2,900,000• Bulk food delivered (pounds): 17 000 000• Bulk food delivered (pounds): 17,000,000• Number of Meals‐Ready‐to‐Eat delivered:      2,700,000• Number of emergency radios distributed: 73,300• Hours of emergency radio broadcasts:             660• Supported distribution of emergency shelter to 1,170,000 people• Supported 16 World Food Program distribution points.• Supported development of two transitional camps and improvements in nine 

camps p

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Pakistan Floods of 2010Pakistan Floods of 2010

• July 2010 – Heavy monsoon rains causeJuly 2010  Heavy monsoon rains cause flooding in the Indus River valley

• Over 2000 killed and more than 20 million• Over 2000 killed and more than 20 million affected.  Floods damage crops and economy.U S h li d i P ki f• U.S. helicopters operated in Pakistan from August 5 – November 30 and delivered 20 123 378 d f li f li20,123,378 pounds of relief supplies

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How in the world do these pilots and d ?aircrew do it?

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You’re welcome, Mav.

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The Role of Aircraft d hMaintenance Leadership

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•All Levels of Maintenance are required to operate in coordinationrequired to operate in coordination to make this happen. O‐Level execution and FRC / Afloat AIMD support is critical.

Th SUCCESSFUL HA/DR l ti•The SUCCESSFUL HA/DR evolution is completely dependent on a SOLIDAircraft Maintenance Program. 

• NAMP / Maintenance publication l !compliance is a must!

•Scheduled Maintenance MUST be managed!

•The Maintainer WILL get it done.

•The Maintainer requires top –down support and leadership 

•To ensure job done quality•Safely completed•without unnecessary delay.

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Why Maintenance Leadership is hESSENTIAL to the Mission

• ExperienceExperience– Tacit Knowledge

• Compliance• Compliance• Perspective• Planning• Leadershipp• Execution

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QUESTIONS?ConclusionQUESTIONS?Conclusion