reliability of the bible
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Reliability of the Bible. Different attitudes about reliability Totally unreliable Partially reliable Completely reliable. Reliability of the Bible. Various views of inspiration Mechanical Noematical Universal Natural Degrees Verbal, Plenary, Isa. 51:15, 16; Jer. 1:9. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Different attitudes about reliabilityTotally unreliablePartially reliableCompletely reliable
Various views of inspirationMechanicalNoematicalUniversalNaturalDegreesVerbal, Plenary, Isa. 51:15, 16; Jer. 1:9
Inspiration or non-inspiration?If not, another human documentIf not, a fraudIf not, no revelation from GodIf not, no understanding of salvationIf so, believe & obey, 2 Thes. 1:7-10
Biographical test“Examination of textual transmission”
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Author When Written
Earliest Copy
Time Span
No. of Copies
Caesar 100-44 B.C. 900 A.D. 1,000 10Plato 427-347 B.C. 900 A.D. 1,200 7Tacitus 100 A.D. 1100 A.D. 1,000 20Pliny 61-113 A.D. 850 A.D. 750 7Thucydides 460-400 B.C. 900 A.D. 1,300 8
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Author When Written
Earliest Copy
Time Span
No. of Copies
Herodotus 480-425 B.C. 900 A.D. 1,300 8Sophocles 496-406 B.C. 1000 A.D. 1,400 193Aristotle 384-322 B.C. 1100 A.D. 1,400 49Homer 900 B.C. 400 A.D. 500 643NT 40-100 A.D. 125 A.D. 25 24,000+
Biographical testOver 24,000 ancient MSS (copies)∙Over 5,300 Greek∙Over 10,000 Latin∙Over 4,000 Slavic
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Biographical testTroubled text∙Iliad: 15,600 lines – 764 in question∙NT: 20,000 lines – 40 in question
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Biographical testVariations∙Hort: 1/8th in dispute∙Geisler & Nix: variations mostly minor∙Geisler & Nix: 98.33% pure
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Biographical testIsaiah 53∙166 words – 17 letters in question∙10 letters are spelling differences∙4 letters are stylistic differences∙Other 3, one word added in verse 11 found in LXX
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Internal test“contradictions or known factual” errors?Eyewitness accountsLk. 1:1-3; 2 Pt. 1:16; 1 Jn. 1:3; Acts 2:32How could it be made up?Variations lend credibility
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
External testOther historic documents confirm?Josephus discussed John the Baptist∙By name∙Arrest, imprisonment, execution∙Influence in preaching
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
External testArcheological evidence∙Jericho’s walls fell outward, Josh. 6:20∙Erastus pavement stone, Rom. 16:23∙Synagogue of Hebrews, Acts 18:4-7∙Census, Lk. 2:1-3
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
External testArcheological evidence∙Luke mentioned
-32 countries-54 cities-9 Mediterranean islands-95 people
A Study Course In Christian Evidences
External testArcheological evidence∙Sir William Ramsay – skeptic, 1800s
-“Luke’s history is unsurpassed in respect of its trustworthiness.”
Evidence That Demands A Verdict, Vol. 1
Five fundamentals of scienceTimeForceActionSpaceMatter
A Study Course In Christian Evidences
BeginningGodCreatedHeavensEarth
Ocean’s currentsMatthew Fontaine Maury 1806-1873Psalm 8:8 – “Paths of the seas”Discovered circulation currents
A Study Course In Christian Evidences
Ocean’s valleysJob 38:16Men thought ocean bottom was flatValley found in 1870s – 5 ½ miles deepPhilippine valley – 7 miles deep
A Study Course In Christian Evidences
Other factsLife in the blood, Lev. 17:11-14Female with seed, Gen. 3:15Law of Entropy, Heb. 1:11Spherical earth, Isa. 40:22
A Study Course In Christian Evidences
Old Testament, 2 Pt. 1:20, 21Claims∙Moses, “The LORD said” 45 times∙David, 2 Sam. 23:1, 2∙Prophets, Isa. 1:18; Hos. 1:1
Old Testament, 2 Pt. 1:20, 21Proofs∙Prophecy, Dan. 2:44; Isa. 53:7-12∙Christ, Lk. 24:44; Mt. 22:43; Jn. 10:35
New TestamentClaims∙Jesus, Jn. 16:13∙Luke, Acts 2:4∙Philip, Acts 8:14∙Paul, 1 Cor. 11:23; 14:37; Gal. 1:12∙Peter, 2 Pt. 3:15, 16
New TestamentProofs∙Textual Evidence∙Miracles, Mk. 16:20; Heb. 2:3, 4
New TestamentProofs∙Jesus Christ
-Lived, died, resurrected-Matthew, Mark, Luke, John-Peter-Jude-James-Paul
Translation does not destroy inspirationOT Greek: Septuagint (LXX)Quoted by Jesus & others∙Mt. 22:31, 32; Ex. 3:6∙Gal. 3:17; Ex. 12:40∙Heb. 1:5; Psa. 2:7∙Acts 28:26, 27; Isa. 6:9, 10
Inspiration or non-inspiration?If not, another human documentIf not, a fraudIf not, no revelation from GodIf not, no understanding of salvationIf so, believe & obey, 2 Thes. 1:7-10