A REGIO ADMINISTRATIVA ESPECIAL DE MACAU

RELATRIO MENSAL DA QUALIDADE DO AR

CENTRO DE CLIMA E AMBIENTE ATMOSFRICO

FEVEREIRO DE 2007 20072

DIRECO DOS SERVIOS DE METEOROLGICOS E GEOFSICOS

i

ii

vii

xii

Resumo 1-0

2-0

3-0

A-1

Abreviaturas .....................................................................................................

Equipamentos semi-automticos ...................................................................

Equipamentos automticos ...................................................................

Mapa da localizao das estaes ...................................................................

Indicao ....................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

Resultados das estaes semi-automticas ..................................................

Resultados das estaes automticas ..................................................

Abreviaturas

-

PS -

SO2 -

NO2 -

NOx -

NO -

O3 -

CO -

Pb -

pH -

PIS( PM10)(

Equipamentos semi-automticos

:

:

/

( T ) ,

Pb 24 / 3PS 15 / pH 1

15 /

: ( T ) ( C )

()

( C ) PS

Pb

PS

pH

(/.30)

3900 6000 10500

iii

(24)(/)

TISCH ENVIROMENTAL, INC.

()

()

(/)

1.5 2

iv

Fonte : Organizao Mundial de Sade

Introduo

Estao Localizao Classificao dolocal Poluentes medidos

Taipa Grande (T) Sede dos SMG Topo da colinaMeio ambiente

Pb 24h / 3 em 3 diasPS 15 dias / quinzenalpH 1 dia

PS 15 dias / quinzenal

NOTA : (T) - Ilha de Taipa (C) - Ilha de Coloane

Ka - H (C)Parque de

instrumentos de Est.Meteo.

Rural

Mtodo de anlise

Poluente Mtodo de anlisePb Espectrofotomtrico de absoro atmicaPS GravimetriapH Potenciomtrico

Partculas sedimentveis

rea Valor guia

Indstria pesada 10500

Residencial 3900Indstria ligeira 6000

So publicados neste relatrio os resultados das medies efectuadas durante o msnas estaes semi-automticas abaixo referidas.

De uma maneira geral, os valores apresentados, pela elevada percentagem de dadosdirios disponveis, permitem o clculo de mdias mensais com um bom grau designificado. Para referenciar os nveis de poluio em Macau usamos como termosde comparao os valores guia da China, dos Estados Unidos da Amrica, daOrganizao Mundial de Sade e de Portugal/UE.

Programa de amostragem

Durao / Frequncia

v

Acidez da precipitao lquida

Escala de pH

Anlise do chumbo (trimestral)

Critrios

Ultilizam-se dois critrios de comparao que so os seguintes:

Pas Perodo Concentrao (g/m3)E.U.A. e Hong Kong 3 meses 1,5

U. E. e Portugal Ano 2,0

As concentraes do chumbo so determinadas a partir da anlise dos filtrosdas partculas totais em suspenso e das partculas inalveis em suspensono perodo de 24 horas dos amostradores de grande caudal num ciclo de 3dias. E os respectivos amostradores esto instalados nas estaes da Sededos SMG (Taipa Grande).

Valores guia (24h) da concentrao do chumbo na atmosfera superfcie (g/m3)

As amostragens da guas das precipitaes so recolhidas por frascoscolocados nos colectores automticos de precipitao da marca TISCH ENVIROMENTAL, INC.. Estes colectores so constitudos por um frascopara gua da precipitao, outro para sedimentao de partculas slidas e por um sistema electromecnico de controlo. O perodo de amostragem dagua da precipitao com Deposio hmida cerca de um dia e o de Deposio seca de uma semana.

vi

Equipamentos automticos

:

/

( T ) ,

PIS (PM10)

24 SO2, O3 NO/NO2/NOx

( M )

PIS (PM10)

24 SO2, O3, CO NO/NO2/NOx

( M )

PIS (PM10)24 NO/NO2/NOx

CO

( T )

PIS (PM10)

24 O3, CO NO/NO2/NOx

: ( T ) ( M )

CO 75%

75%

NO/NO2/NOx 75%

75%

O3 75%

75%

SO2 75%

75%

PIS (PM10) 75%

75%

viii

PIS/PM10/

SO2/

NO2/

O3/

CO/

150 150 150 160 10 100 60 80 80 5

0.35/(Gy/h)

75% 75%

ix

NOTA :

Introduo

Estao Localizao Classificao dolocalPoluentesmedidos

Programa deamostragem

Taipa Grande (T) Sede dos SMG Topo da colinaMeio ambiente

PIS (PM10)ContnuoSO2, O3

NO/ NO2/NOx

SubestaoMacau Norte (M)

SubestaoMacau Norte

Comercial PIS (PM10)ContnuoAlta densidade

habitacionalSO2, O3, CO

NO/ NO2/NOx

Calada do Poo(M) Calada do Poo

Berma da rua PIS (PM10)ContnuoComercial NO/ NO2/NOx

Residencia CO

ContnuoNO/ NO2/NOxCO, O3

(M) - Pennsula de Macau , (T) - Ilha de Taipa

Cidade Taipa(T)Temporriamenteinstalada no Rua

de Tai Lin

Alta densidadehabitacional

PIS (PM10)

Mtodo de anlise e validao dos dados

Poluente Mtodo de anlise Mdia Vlidos

CO Infravermelho dispersivo Diria 75%Ms 75%

NO/NO2/NOx QuimiluminescnciaDiria 75%Ms 75%

O3 Absoro UVDiria 75%Ms 75%

SO2 Fluorescncia pulsadaDiria 75%Ms 75%

a) Tapered element oscillating microbalance

PIS (PM10) TEOMa)Diria 75%Ms 75%

So publicados neste relatrio os resultados das medies efectuadas durante o msnas estaes automticas abaixo referidas.

x

PIS/PM10g/m3

SO2g/m3

NO2g/m3

O3g/m3

COmg/ m3

150 150 150 160 10100 60 80 80 5

O valor guia sobre densidade dos poluentes do ar em Macau

Poluente

Valor guia diriaValor guia do ano

Radioactividade do ar

Poluente Mdia Vlidos

Radiao gama Diria 75%Ms 75%

A estao de monitorizao de radioactividade do ar, em contnuo, est localizada na Taipa Grande. A estao permite uma vigilncia da qualidade do ar sob o ponto de vista radioactivo, detectando a radiao gama. O nvel de pr-alerta utilizado na rede europeia da vigilncia de 0.35Gy/h, abaixodeste valor considerado situao normal.

xi

Mapa da localizao das estaes

xii

Resumo

1-1

4 . 4

( )

( 1 5 0 /

) 1 7 4 . 0 1 9 5 . 8 1 7 4 . 6 /

1-2

Relatrio mensal da qualidade do ar em Macau no ms de Fevereiro

Estaes semi-automticas

As concentraes registadas de PS estiveram abaixo do valor guia

adoptado para rea de indstria ligeira.

A escala de pH mdia da precipitao registada foi de 4,4 na Estao de

Taipa Grande.

Encontra-se avariado o amostrador da Estao de Ka-H (Acidez da

Chuva).

Estaes automticas

As concentraes registadas de SO2, NO2, O3 e CO estiveram abaixo do

valor guia.

No que se refere s PIS(PM10), na Estao de Taipa Grande, na Estao

da Subestao Macau Norte e na Estao de Calada do Poo, esteve um dia acima do

valor guia (150g/m3) e cujas concentraes mximas de 174.0g/m3, 195.8g/m3 e

174.6g/m3, respectivamente, foram registadas no dia 1.

O nvel da radiao gama registada relativamente ao ms esteve na

situao normal.

Resultados das estaes semi-automticas

Taipa Grande Ka-H

1a. Quinzena 2578 3620

2a. Quinzena 2367 4760

MD 2473 4190

( . 30PARTCULAS SEDIMENTVEIS (mg/m2 . 30 dias)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

1a. Quinzena 2a. Quinzena

mg/m2 . 30 dias

Taipa Grande Ka-H

2-1

(S/cm)

()

9-9

()

PHCOND(S/cm)

Vol (ml) precipitao 9-9(mm)

1 --- --- --- 0.02 --- --- --- 0.03 --- --- --- 0.04 --- --- --- 0.05 --- --- --- 0.06 --- --- --- 0.07 --- --- --- 0.08 --- --- --- VST9 4.1 57.4 ? 5.0

10 --- --- --- 0.0

11 --- --- --- VST12 --- --- --- 0.013 --- --- --- 0.014 --- --- --- 0.015 --- --- --- VST16 --- --- --- 0.017 --- --- --- VST18 --- --- --- 0.219 --- --- --- VST20 --- --- --- 0.8

21 --- --- --- 0.022 3.8 101.0 ? 2.423 5.3 99.4 250 5.024 --- --- --- 0.025 --- --- --- 0.826 --- --- --- VST27 --- --- --- 0.028 --- --- --- 0.0

4.4MD

Taipa Grande

ACIDEZ DA CHUVA

2-2

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

(/)

Ca

(mg/l)

K

(mg/l)

Na

(mg/l)

Mg

(mg/l)

SO4

(mg/l)

NH4

(mg/l)

NO3

(mg/l)

Cl

(mg/l)

Zn

(mg/l)

Cd

(g/l)

Pb

(g/l)

Cu

(g/l)

1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---3 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---4 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---5 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---6 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---7 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---8 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---9 0.6 0.12 1.10 0.21 0.1 0.67 0.20 0.7 0.059 3.000 5.00 6.000

10 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

11 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---12 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---13 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---14 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---15 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---16 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---17 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---18 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---19 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---20 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

21 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---22 ~ 0.92 2.60 0.50 9.3 3.45 9.00 4.8 0.309

Taipa Grande

2007-02-01 2007-02-08 2007-02-15 2007-02-22Incio do dia

2007-02-07 2007-02-14 2007-02-21 2007-02-28Fim do dia

7.2 5.9 5.5 4.2PH

(S/cm) 48.8 53.1 69.8 46.5COND (S/cm)

(/) 6.1 4.1 2.3 0.3Ca (mg/l)

(/) 0.30 0.28 0.66 0.31K (mg/l)

(/) 1.90 2.90 7.20 0.90Na (mg/l)

(/) 0.43 1.01 0.96 0.16Mg (mg/l)

(/) 6.5 7.9 7.0 5.6SO4 (mg/l)

(/) ~ 0.42 0.91 0.78NH4 (mg/l)

(/) 7.70 10.20 8.00 2.10NO3 (mg/l)

(/) 2.8 3.4 10.7 1.7Cl (mg/l)

(/) 0.04 0.07 0.13 0.03Zn (mg/l)

(/)

Os resultados das anlise da concentrao do chumbo no ar so publicadosnos relatrios mensais de Maro, Junho, Setembro e Dezembro,

respectivatmente.

(Pb (g/m3)

, ,

2-5

() ACIDEZ DA CHUVA (Taipa Grande)

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

pH

2-6

Resultados das estaes automticas

MD MD MD MD 1 174.0 99 195.8 96 174.6 96 140.6 952 116.4 100 131.1 75 116.4 94 101.8 953 87.9 100 138.8 97 114.1 100 81.3 1004 97.3 100 127.0 100 108.4 99 91.0 985 76.4 94 101.5 98 84.3 96 67.3 976 66.2 100 93.3 100 74.9 100 60.1 957 51.6 100 75.8 99 61.6 97 47.8 1008 53.2 100 73.2 100 62.6 100 53.7 1009 30.6 100 59.5 96 62.1 95 37.7 98

10 37.2 100 64.9 97 61.9 96 40.4 100

11 113.1 100 129.7 100 122.7 100 99.0 10012 94.6 100 114.0 100 108.2 94 88.3 9913 75.2 100 108.6 100 95.7 100 75.8 10014 64.5 99 104.8 100 95.2 95 66.5 9815 87.3 99 111.9 100 103.6 100 83.5 10016 74.3 97 114.8 93 103.6 96 76.0 9417 34.9 100 55.0 100 64.2 96 30.3 10018 30.8 99 48.1 100 52.4 97 27.1 9919 82.8 100 97.9 100 97.6 99 70.0 9920 39.2 100 45.2 100 47.0 100 35.2 100

21 45.9 100 52.8 100 53.2 100 39.8 9922 23.8 100 29.9 100 ~ 47 21.8 9923 41.3 98 51.0 99 ~ 47 36.5 9224 84.8 91 82.7 100 88.6 96 68.8 10025 56.5 98 51.2 100 59.8 100 44.7 10026 50.1 100 59.7 100 57.0 78 42.5 9827 48.3 99 59.3 100 59.7 99 41.8 9828 43.7 97 53.4 98 54.0 100 38.5 100

174.0 195.8 174.6 140.6MX

67.2 86.8 84.0 61.0MD

23.8 29.9 47.0 21.8MN

(PIS(PM10)(g/m3)

Cidade Taipa Taipa Grande

Subestao MacauNorte

Calada do Poo

3-1

MD MD 1 53.1 97 80.6 972 38.2 97 56.1 973 18.9 97 38.6 974 24.4 97 40.8 975 17.2 97 25.8 976 17.3 97 22.2 977 19.2 97 26.5 978 19.4 97 27.5 979 6.2 93 12.3 97

10 16.5 97 10.0 97

11 28.4 97 21.3 9712 12.3 97 15.4 9713 6.1 97 20.0 9714 12.5 96 9.0 9715 17.2 96 13.9 9416 7.6 97 8.3 9617 7.8 97 5.0 9618 0.6 96 7.3 9619 21.8 97 16.1 9620 5.1 97 9.2 96

21 4.1 97 5.8 9622 9.9 97 5.8 9923 16.2 95 18.4 9624 11.1 93 6.1 9725 18.9 95 18.7 9726 1.6 97 9.8 9727 4.3 96 12.8 9728 1.0 94 7.2 95

53.1 80.6MX

14.9 19.7MD

0.6 5.0MN

Taipa Grande

Subestao Macau Norte

(SO2(g/m

3)

3-2

MD MD MD MD 1 86.4 98 97.6 98 80.7 98 56.4 992 71.1 98 110.5 98 83.8 98 51.6 993 46.1 98 103.4 98 72.8 98 40.3 1004 70.8 100 106.6 98 80.1 99 54.7 1005 58.7 98 95.4 98 70.3 98 50.4 996 53.4 98 92.4 98 62.8 98 41.2 1007 56.3 98 88.7 98 64.4 96 44.3 1008 55.2 98 84.8 98 63.5 98 43.9 1009 34.8 98 66.9 98 54.9 98 29.6 98

10 46.3 98 58.4 98 49.4 96 28.3 100

11 66.6 98 69.0 98 57.5 98 35.5 10012 30.9 98 63.7 98 53.6 98 26.6 9913 33.7 96 79.6 100 52.8 98 25.8 10014 50.3 97 69.5 100 55.7 98 32.2 10015 41.3 97 52.8 97 46.7 98 24.5 10016 32.7 98 54.8 98 47.5 98 26.8 9917 20.3 98 45.1 98 43.1 98 9.4 10018 17.3 97 36.6 98 37.7 98 11.4 10019 44.9 98 42.3 98 41.6 98 25.1 10020 26.4 98 44.5 98 41.1 98 17.0 100

21 26.8 98 40.1 98 40.8 98 17.0 9922 34.6 98 44.5 100 41.3 98 22.8 9923 40.2 96 48.2 97 43.9 98 23.8 9724 32.3 94 46.8 98 42.5 98 22.1 10025 55.5 96 55.8 98 51.4 98 30.1 10026 18.9 98 35.3 98 38.2 98 13.3 9827 22.8 97 52.2 98 38.7 98 16.3 9828 22.7 95 43.5 98 38.9 98 19.8 100

86.4 110.5 83.8 56.4MX

42.8 65.3 53.4 30.0MD

17.3 35.3 37.7 9.4MN

(NO2(g/m

3)

Cidade Taipa Taipa Grande

Subestao MacauNorte

Calada do Poo

3-3

MD MD MD 1 34.9 100 42.3 100 47.5 992 44.2 100 28.4 100 50.2 993 54.8 100 32.7 100 64.2 1004 37.8 100 27.0 100 33.6 1005 32.6 100 22.6 100 30.8 996 32.0 100 18.6 100 36.7 1007 21.5 100 9.6 100 27.5 1008 27.8 100 17.5 100 30.5 1009 23.5 100 9.1 100 26.8 98

10 18.6 100 9.7 100 20.5 100

11 33.2 100 17.8 100 33.3 10012 98.2 100 54.3 100 87.7 9913 65.0 100 22.8 100 56.0 10014 29.1 99 14.9 100 24.6 10015 49.5 99 27.0 100 46.5 10016 45.3 100 20.6 100 36.6 9917 31.7 100 8.0 100 38.4 10018 24.5 99 4.0 100 24.0 10019 10.0 100 5.0 100 9.9 10020 40.1 100 12.9 100 37.9 100

21 49.8 100 25.7 100 47.0 9922 41.0 100 20.6 100 36.1 9923 46.7 98 25.8 99 43.0 9724 72.5 96 44.1 100 64.9 10025 49.9 98 33.0 100 48.3 10026 85.6 100 56.7 100 80.6 9827 86.6 99 45.0 100 81.0 9828 73.6 97 44.0 98 62.1 100

98.2 56.7 87.7MX

45.0 25.0 43.8MD

10.0 4.0 9.9MN

(O3(g/m

3)

Taipa Grande

Subestao Macau Norte

Cidade Taipa

3-4

MD MD MD 1 0.86 97 2.27 100 0.77 982 0.83 97 1.94 100 0.63 973 0.76 97 2.16 100 0.49 994 0.82 97 1.84 99 0.53 995 0.74 97 2.02 100 0.38 986 0.72 97 1.56 100 0.53 997 0.62 97 2.13 100 0.44 998 0.52 97 2.08 100 0.48 999 0.62 97 2.52 100 0.37 96

10 0.57 97 2.50 100 0.48 99

11 0.98 97 2.37 100 0.81 9912 0.71 97 2.15 100 0.59 9813 0.74 97 2.04 100 0.56 9914 0.77 97 2.71 100 0.55 9915 0.67 95 1.45 100 0.48 9916 0.61 98 2.22 100 0.38 9717 0.57 98 2.84 100 0.30 9918 0.45 98 2.33 100 0.31 9919 0.80 98 2.32 100 0.71 9920 0.48 98 1.52 100 0.32 99

21 0.41 98 1.05 100 0.35 9822 0.50 99 0.95 95 0.45 9823 0.55 96 1.28 100 0.44 9624 0.48 97 1.18 93 0.44 9925 0.58 97 1.71 100 0.66 9926 0.50 97 1.39 93 0.41 9727 0.47 97 1.26 99 0.39 9728 0.40 96 1.22 97 0.31 99

0.98 2.84 0.81MX

0.63 1.89 0.48MD

0.40 0.95 0.30MN

(CO(mg/m3)

Subestao Macau Norte

Calada do Poo

Cidade Taipa

3-5

MD 1 0.108 1002 0.106 1003 0.106 1004 0.107 1005 0.106 1006 0.105 1007 0.105 1008 0.105 1009 0.105 100

10 0.105 100

11 0.108 10012 0.105 10013 0.105 10014 0.105 10015 0.106 10016 0.105 10017 0.104 10018 0.104 10019 ~ 4720 # #

21 # #22 ~ 6123 0.108 10024 0.105 10025 0.108 10026 0.106 10027 0.105 10028 0.104 100

0.108MX

0.106MD

0.104MN

Taipa Grande

(RADIAO GAMA (Gy/h)

3-6

Valores mdios concentraes diria

PIS(PM10)

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

g/m3

Taipa Grande Subestao Macau Norte

Cidade Taipa Calada do Poo

SO2

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

g/m3

Taipa Grande Subestao Macau Norte

NO2

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

g/m3

Taipa Grande Subestao Macau Norte

Cidade Taipa Calada do Poo

3-7

Valores mdios concentraes diria

O3

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

g/m3

Taipa Grande Subestao Macau Norte Cidade Taipa

CO

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

mg/m3

Subestao Macau Norte Cidade Taipa Calada do Poo

Radiao Gama

0.102

0.103

0.104

0.105

0.106

0.107

0.108

0.109

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Gy/h

3-8

1.

2.# -

~ -

--- -

/// -