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1 ► /kloudhz shoping/ Clothes shopping (part one) /paat wān/

A (shop assistant): Can I help you, sir? /shop asistant/

/kan ai help yuu saa/

B (Simon): Yes, please. Where are the shirts? /saiman/ /yes pliiz wear a dha1 shaats/

A: They are there...near the door. (1) /dhei aa dhea nia dha doo/

B: Thank you... /thank yuu/

(later) I like this blue shirt. (2) /leita/ /ai laik dhis bluu shaat/

C (Mark): Yes, it's2 nice, but it’s expensive. This red one is cheap. (3) (4) /maak/ /yes its nais bāt its ikspensiv dhis red wān iz chiip/

B: Yes, but I don't like it. I want a blue one or a white one to go with my new suit. (5) /yes bāt ai

dount laik it ai wont a bluu wān oor a wait wān ta gou widh mai nyuu suut/

C: These ones aren't expensive. (6) /dhiiz wāns aant ikspensiv/

B: Yes, and I like the material. Oh. They are too big. (7) /yes and ai laik dha matiarial ou dhei aa tuu big/

(1) blue shirt He has a red car. (Yeye ana gari jekundu.) /kaa/

He has a big car. (Yeye ana gari kubwa.)

(2) ...it’s expensive. This car is expensive. (Gari hili ni ghali.) This car is new. (Gari hili ni jipya.)

(3) This red one is cheap. Kwa kutumia neno 'one' hapa, tunaepuka kurudia neno 'shirt’.

(4) I don't like it. 'don't' hutumika pamoja na VERBS (vitenzi) ili kutengeneza NEGATIVES (sentensi hasi) katika lugha ya Kiingereza3: /vaabz negativz I like football. (Ninapenda mpira wa miguu.) ai laik futbool

Negative: I don't like football. (Sipendi mpira wa miguu.) dount/ (‘don’t’ ni short form ya ‘do not’.)

1 dha ni weak form ya dhii. Maelekezo kuhusiana na maneno yenye weak forms

yapo ukurasa wa 17.

2 'it's' ni short form ya 'it is'. Kama hufahamu short form ni nini, angalia uk. 16.

(‘it’= hili, hiki etc.)

3 Unapoona neno la herufi kubwa, unaweza kupata maelekezo juu yake nyuma ya

kitabu hiki. Positives, negatives na verbs zimeelezwa katika uk. 16-18.

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Manunuzi ya nguo (sehemu ya kwanza)

A (msaidizi wa duka): Naweza kukusaidia, (mheshimiwa)? can-weza help-saidia sir-mheshimiwa, bwana n.k.

B (Simon): Ndio tafadhali. Mashati yapo wapi? where-wapi shirt-shati

A: Yale pale...karibu na mlango. (they-yale4) there-pale near-karibu na

B: Asante... door-mlango

(baada ya muda) Nimelipenda hili shati la buluu. later-baadae, baada ya muda this-hili blue-buluu shirt- shati

C (Mark): Ndio, ni zuri, lakini ni ghali. Jekundu ni nafuu. (it-hili/hiki n.k. is-ni) nice-zuri expensive-ghali red-nyekundu cheap-nafuu, bei rahisi

B: Ndio, lakini sijalipenda. Nataka la buluu au jeupe liendane na suti yangu mpya. but-lakini like-penda blue-buluu white-nyeupe new-mpya suit-suti

C: Haya hapa si ghali.

B: Ndio, na nimependa kitambaa chake. Oh. Ni makubwa mno. material- kitambaa (they-yale) too-mno big- kubwa

I want a shirt. (Nataka shati.) (Positive) /ai wont a shaat

I don't want a shirt. (Sitaki shati.) (Negative) dount wont

We have children. (Sisi tuna watoto.) (Positive) wii hav childran

We don't have children. (Sisi hatuna watoto.) (Negative) dount hav/

(5) to go with my new suit. to go with tungo ya kiingereza inayomaanisha kuwa nguo zinaendana vizuri pamoja: This shirt goes with this suit. (Shati hili linaendana na suti hii.) /gouz widh/

(6) These ones aren't expensive. this house (nyumba hii) these houses (nyumba hizi) that house (nyumba ile) those houses (nyumba zile) /dhis haus dhiiz hauziz dhat haus dhouz hauziz/

(7) too big Zingatia kwamba 'too' kabla ya kivumishi (adjective) katika kiingereza humaanisha kuwa kitu sio saizi, au kiasi kilicho sawa (mno) Ona tofauti na 'very' good/big nk. Ambayo humaanisha 'sana'. /veri/

4 they=zaidi ya moja (mtu au kitu): yale,vile,zile, haya, hivi, hizi n.k. Hapa

they=mashati

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2 ► Clothes shopping (part two) /paat tuu/

A: We have more, sir. This white shirt is only five pounds. It is very smart. (1) /wii hav moo saa dhis wait shaat iz ounli faiv paundz it iz veri smaat/

B: What size is it? (2) /wot saiz iz it/

A: It's size 17. Do you like it? /its saiz sevantiin duu yuu laik it/

B: Yes, I do. Can I put it here for now? (3) /yes ai duu kan ai put it hia fa nau/

A: Of course. /av koos/

C: Now, I need a pair of trousers; black, I think, or perhaps grey. (4) /nau ai niid a pear av trauzaz blak ai think oo pahaps grei/

These are good, but they are too short...these are also too short...and these! (5) /dhiiz a gud bāt dhei aa tuu shoot dhiiz aar oolsou

tuu shoot and dhiiz/

B: Perhaps you are too tall. /pahaps yuu aa tuu tool/

(1) We have more, sir. 'Sir' (mume) and 'Madam' (mke) hutumika kuzungumzia watu katika Kiingereza rasmi (mf. na mtu anayehudumia mteja ambaye jina lake halifahamu). Zingatia kuwa sir/madam hutumika badala ya jina, sio pamoja nalo. Namna nyingine rasmi katika Kiingereza ni matumizi ya 'Mr.' au 'Mister' (/mista/), 'Mrs' (/misiz/), 'Miss' (/mis/) ‘Ms’ (/mz/) pamoja na jina la ukoo. Mrs' hutumika kwa mwanamke aliyeolewa (ambaye huchukua jina la ukoo la mume wake) na 'Miss' kwa mwanamke ambaye hajaolewa (ambaya anatumia jina la ukoo la baba yake). 'Mr' 'Mrs' na 'Miss' huwa hayatumiki na jina la kwanza – yaani mwanaume aitwae 'John Wilkins' ataitwa katika Kiingereza kama 'Mr. Wilkins' (sio Mr. John), mke wake kama 'Mrs Wilkins' na binti zake (ambao hawajaolewa) kama 'Miss Wilkins'. Siku hizi, wanawake wengi hupenda kutumia ‘Ms’, hasa kwenye maandishi, ambalo hutumika kwa mtu aliyeolewa au asiyolewa. Kama yeye ni daktari, ataitwa kama Dr./Doctor Wilkins (/dokta/), au kama yeye ni profesa wa chuo ataitwa 'Professor Wilkins' (/prafesa/).Nje ya jeshi (ambapo vyeo kama 'Captain' (/kaptin/) hutumika , taaluma nyingi hazihitaji namna maalum ya kumuita mtu. Tofauti katika kutumia jina la ukoo pamoja na cheo ni kwenye majina ya mapadre au masista ambao huwa wanaitwa 'Father' (/faadha/) au 'Sister' (/sista/) pamoja na jina la kwanza: mf. 'Father John', 'Sister Mary' n.k.

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Manunuzi ya nguo (sehemu ya pili)

A: Tuna mashati zaidi (mheshimiwa). Hili shati jeupe ni paundi tako tu. Ni maridadi sana. more-zaidi only-tu five-tano smart-maridadi, rasmi

B: Ni saizi gani? size-saizi what-nini/gani n.k.

A: Ni saizi 17. Umelipenda?

B: Ndio nimelipenda. Naweza kuliweka hapa kwa sasa? put-weka here-hapa now-sasa

A: Bila shaka.

C: Sasa, nahitaji suruali; nyeusi nadhani, au labda ya kijivu. need-hitaji pair-pea trousers-suruali black-nyeusi think-dhani/fikiri grey-kijivu

Hii ni nzuri, lakini ni fupi mno... hii pia ni fupi mno... na hii! (they-hizi) short-fupi too-mno also-pia

B: Labda wewe ni mrefu mno. too-mno tall-mrefu

katika Kiingereza: What size is it? (Hii ni saizi gani?) What colour is it? (Hii ni rangi gani?) What kind is it? (Hii ni aina gani) /kāla kaind/

(3) ...put it here for now? Tungo hii humaanisha ‘iweke hapo kwa muda mfupi’.

(4) a pair of trousers Kumbuka kuwa tunatumia 'a ____ of _____ ' kupima kitu (mf. a litre of milk). 'a pair' humaanisha 'vitu viwili vinavyoenda pamoja’: a pair of shoes (pea ya viatu) a pair of socks (pea ya soksi) Zingatia kuwa katika Kiingereza tunasema '(a pair of) trousers' na '(a pair of) glasses'. Hii ni kwa sabau suruali zina miguu miwili na miwani zina vioo (lenzi) viwili. /shuuz soks glaasiz/ 3 ►

clothes (nguo) shoe (kiatu) sock (soksi) /kloudhz shuu sok

shirt (shati) t-shirt (tisheti) blouse (blauzi) shaat tii shaat blauz

skirt (sketi) dress (gauni) trousers (suruali) skaat dres trauzaz

jeans (jinzi) glasses (miwani) sweater (sweta) jiinz glaasiz sweta

coat (koti) uniform (sare) kout yuunifoom

suit (suti) tie (tai) suut tai

size (saizi) colour (rangi) kind (aina) saiz kāla kaind

put on5 (kitendo cha kuvaa) → wear (vaa) → take off (vua) /put on wea teik of/

5 I put on glasses to read (Ninavaa miwani kusoma.) glasses (miwani) read (soma)

/glaasiz riid/

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4 ► red (nyekundu) blue (buluu) white (nyeupe) /red bluu wait

green (kijani) black (nyeusi) orange (rangi ya chungwa) griin blak orinj yellow (manjano) purple (zambarau) grey (kijivu) yelou paapl grei

brown (kahawia/rangi ya udongo) pink (rangi ya waridi/pinki) braun pink

He has a blue car. (Yeye ana gari la buluu.) hii haz a bluu kaa

My car is red. (Gari langu ni jekundu.) mai kaar iz red/

Mazoezi ya kuongea6: 5 ► This coat is red. blue This coat is blue. orange This coat is orange. coats These coats are orange. Those Those coats are orange. That That coat is orange. green That coat is green.

6 ► What size is it? colour What colour is it? they What colour are they? kind What kind are they? it What kind is it?

7 ► I like the big shirt. expensive I like the expensive shirt. cheap I like the cheap shirt. [Negative] I don’t like the cheap shirt. grey I don’t like the grey shirt. [Positive] I like the grey shirt.

8 ► I like this tie. [Negative] I don't like this tie. shirt I don't like this shirt. shirts I don't like these shirts. [Positive] I like these shirts. want I want these shirts. We We want these shirts. They

6 Kama huna uhaika wa jinsi ya kufanya mazoezi haya, angalia maelekezo yaliyopo

ukurasa wa 19-20.

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They want these shirts. [Negative] They don't want these shirts.

9 ► opposite words7 (maneno ya kinyume) /opazit waadz

long (-refu) short (-fupi) long shoot

hot (enye joto) cold (enye ubaridi) hot kould

tall8 (-refu) short (-fupi) tool shoot

cheap (nafuu, rahisi) expensive (ghali) chiip ikspensiv

new (-pya) old (chakavu/ya zamani) nyuu ould good (-zuri) bad (-baya) gud bad fast (enye haraka) slow (polepole) faast slou easy (rahisi) difficult (-gumu) iizi difikalt big (-kubwa) small (-dogo) big smool

fat (-nene) thin (-embamba) fat thin

young (enye ujana) old (iliyozeeka,chakavu,-zee) yāng ould

Mazoezi ya kuongea 10 ► It isn't new. It's old. long It isn't long. It's short. easy It isn't easy. It's difficult. cheap It isn't cheap. It's expensive. They They aren't cheap. They're expensive. fat They aren't fat. They're thin. He He isn't fat. He's thin. It It isn't fat. It's thin. good It isn't good. It's bad. slow It isn't slow. It's fast.

Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi (1): 1) My house isn't old. It's a n_ _ house. 2) These bananas are t _ _ expensive. I d _ _ '_ want them. 3) What c _ _ _ _ _ is his car? I _ '_ blue. 4) Where a_ _ the trousers? T _ _ _ are there - near the door. 5) H_ _ old is your uncle? He's v_ _ _ old. He'_ ninety-two. 6) What k_ _ _ of phone is that? It's a Nokia. 7) Can I help you, s_ _? Yes. I need a p_ _ _ of trousers.

7 word-neno opposite-kinyume/mkabala /waad opazit/

8 Zingatia: tall tree (mti mrefu) tall girl (msichana mrefu) long snake (nyoka mrefu)

long coat (koti refu) (tree-mti, girl-msichana, snake-nyoka) /trii gaal sneik/

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11 ► What do you do on Saturdays?

A (Matthew): What do you do on Saturdays? (1) /wot duu yuu duu on satadeiz/

B (Ben): I sleep until nine o’clock. I get up and eat a good breakfast. (2) /ai sliip āntil nain aklok ai get āp and iit a gud brekfast/

Then, my brother, Peter, comes with the car. We do the shopping. After lunch, I do the housework.(3)(4) /dhen mai brādha piita kāmz widh dha kaa wii duu dha shoping aafta lānch

ai duu dha hauswaak/

I clean and tidy up. (5) Peter helps me if he is not too busy. (6) After that, we watch television. /ai kliin and taidi āp piita helps mii if

hii iz not tuu bizi aafta dhat wii woch telivizhan9/

We both like football. (7) I like Liverpool. Peter doesn't like them. (8) /wii bouth laik futbool ai laik livapuul piita dāznt laik dham/

He likes Manchester United. He likes Liverpool to lose! (9) /hii laiks manchista yuunaitid hii laiks livapuul ta luuz/

(1) What do you do on Saturdays? 12 ► Monday (Jumatatu) Tuesday (Jumanne) /māndei tyuuzdei

Wednesday (Jumatano) Thursday (Alhamisi) wenzdei thaazdei

Friday (Ijumaa) Saturday (Jumamosi) fraidei satadei Sunday (Jumapili) sāndei/

Zingatia kuwa, inapokuwa yenyewe, What do you do? ni namna ya kumuuliza mtu anafanya shughuli/au kazi gani kitaaluma. mf. What do you do? I’m a teacher. (Mimi ni mwalimu.) /aim a tiicha/

(2) get up wake up (zinduka) /weik/

(3) nine o'clock: Kusoma saa kwa Kiingereza kuna tofauti ya masaa 6 na kusoma saa kwa Kiswahili. 'nine (9) o'clock' kwa Kiingereza ni saa tatu kamili kwa Kiswahili. ‘eleven (11) o'clock' ni saa tano kamili n.k.

(4) the car: 'the' imetumika hapa kwa sababu mzungumzaji anafahamu gari ambalo kaka yake atalileta/ kuna gari moja tu kwenye familia. Kumbuka kuwa tunatumia 'the' kwa kitu (au vitu) pale ambapo tunafahamu kitu tunachokizungumzia au kama kuna kitu kimoja tu.

9 Sauti ya /zh/ kwenye neno television ilinatamkwa kati ya sauti ya 'z' na 'sh'.

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Huwa unafanya nini siku za Jumamosi?

A (Matthew): Huwa unafanya nini siku za Jumamosi? what-nini do-fanya Saturdays-Siku za Jumamosi

B (Ben): Nalala mpaka saa tatu (kamili). Naamka, nakula kufungua kinywa kizuri. sleep-lala get up-amka nine o'clock- saa tatu (kamili)

Halafu kaka yangu, Peter huja na gari. Tunakwenda kufanya manunuzi. Baada ya chakula cha mchana, nafanya kazi za nyumbani. then-halafu brother-kaka car-gari shopping-manunuzi lunch-mlo wa mchana housework-kazi za nyumbani

Nasafisha na kupanga vitu. Peter hunisadia kama ana nafasi. Baada ya hapo, tunatazama televisheni. clean-safisha tidy-kupanga vitu (kwa usafi) after-baada help-saidia busy-kuwa na shughuli nyingi watch-tazama

Sote wawili tunapenda mpira wa miguu. Mimi nawapenda Liverpool. Peter hawapendi. we-sisi both-sote (wawili) footbal-mpira wa miguu (them-wao)

Yeye anawapenda Manchester United. Anapenda Liverpool washindwe! he-yeye lose-kushindwa

(5) I clean and tidy up.

13 ► housework (kazi za nyumbani) /hauswaak/

clean (safisha) clean the table (safisha meza) kliin teibl

wash (fua/safisha kwa kutumia maji) wosh wash the clothes (fua nguo) kloudhz

cook (pika) iron (piga pasi) tidy (panga vitu (kwa usafi)) kuk aian taidi

sweep (fagia) broom (fagio) swiip bruum

cloth (kitambaa) bucket (ndoo) kloth bākit

open (fungua) open the window (fungua dirisha) oupan windou

close (funga) close the door (funga mlango) klouz doo

room (chumba) cupboard (kabati) ruum kābad

(6) Peter helps me... I help He helps We help She helps

You help It helps They help Peter helps Peter and Jane help Jane helps

Kama verb10 (kitenzi) inaongozana na 'he', 'she' au 'it' (au jina la

10 Kama hufahamu ‘verb’ nini, tazama ‘Aina za maneno' (ukurasa wa 17-18)

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mtu/kitu kimoja) tunapaswa kuongezea herufi 's' kwenye kitenzi.

She comes She likes He helps

Mazoezi ya kuongea 14 ► I like these trousers. We We like these trousers. He He likes these trousers. want He wants these trousers. She She wants these trousers. I I want these trousers. ...blue... I want these blue trousers. socks I want these blue socks. John John wants these blue socks.

(7) We both like football John likes football and I like football. John and I both like football. (John anapenda mpira, na mimi napenda mpira. John na mimi sote tunapenda mpira.)

(8) Peter doesn't like them. Kwa kuwa Peter ni 'he', hali hasi ya 'Peter likes' ni' Peter doesn't like': I/We/You/They don't help He/She/It doesn't help

16 ►

Are these your trainers? (1)

A (Ben): Are these your trainers? /aa dhiiz yoo treinaz/

B (Martha): No, they are not mine. (2) They are Mary's trainers. /nou dhei aa not main dhei aa meariz treinaz/

She wears them to play netball. (3) Look! They are too small for me. /shii weaz dham ta plei netbool luk dhei a tuu smool fa mii/

A: Oh, yes. /ou yes/

B: My trainers are there. They are under the table. /mai treinaz aa dhea dhei aar ānda dha teibl/

A: They are very nice. Are they expensive? /dhei aa veri nais aa dhei ikspensiv/

B: No. They are cheap if you buy them from Ron's Sports. /nou dhei aa chiip if yuu bai dham fram ronz spoots/

A: Where is that? /wear iz dhat/

B: It is in town. It is near the police station. Do you need new trainers too? (4) /it iz in taun it iz nia dha paliis steishan duu yuu niid nyuu

treinaz tuu/

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Mazoezi ya kuongea 15 ► I don't cook. They They don't cook. We We don't cook. She She doesn't cook. Mary Mary doesn't cook. You You don't cook. John John doesn't cook. I I don't cook.

(9) lose win (shinda) draw (sawazisha) /win droo/

Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi (2): 1) I g_ _ u_ and eat a good breakfast. 2) My brother c_ _ _ _ with the car. 3) I like football and John likes football. We b _ _ _ like football. 4) I like Liverpool, but John d _ _ _ _'_ like them. 5) He wants to go, but I d_ _ '_ want to. 6) After lunch, I w_ _ _ _ television.

Hizi ni raba zako?

A (Ben): Hizi ni raba zako? trainers-raba, viatu vya mpira your-yako

B (Martha): Hapana, hizi sio za kwangu. Ni (raba) za Mary. (they-hizi) mine-angu

Huzivaa kucheza netiboli. Angalia! Ni ndogo mno kwangu. wear-vaa look-angalia

A: Oh, ndio.

B: Raba zangu zipo pale. Zipo chini ya meza under- chini ya table- meza

A: Ni nzuri sana. Ni ghali? very-sana nice-nzuri expensive-ghali

B: Hapana. Ni nafuu kama ukizinunua kutoka Ron’s Sports. (they-hizi, zile) cheap-nafuu buy from-nunua kutoka kwa (them-hizi, zile)

A: Ni wapi hapo? where-wapi

B: Ipo mjini. Ipo karbu na kituo cha polisi. Unahitaji raba mpya pia? town-mjini near-karibu ya police-polisi station-kituo, stesheni need-hitaji too-pia

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A: Yes, I do. (5) My trainers are too old. They are worn out. (6) /yes ai duu mai treinaz a tuu ould dhei a woon aut/

B: Ron is my uncle. When you see him, tell him that you know me. (7) (8) He will give you a good price. (9) /ron iz mai ānkl wen

yuu sii him tel him dhat yuu nou mii hii wil giv yuu a gud prais/

A: Thanks a lot! I will go there tomorrow. (10) /thanks a lot ai wil gou dhea tamorou/

(1) trainers: Hizi zinaweza pia kuitwa 'sports shoes'. Pia kuna 'boots' (mabuti) na kwa jili ya mpira wa miguu, 'football boots'. /spoots shuuz buuts/

(2) ...they are not mine: This is my car. (Hili ni gari langu.) This car is mine. (Gari hili ni langu.) Tofauti kati ya 'my' na 'mine' ni mahali pa neno katika sentensi. 'my' huja kabla tu ya kitu kinachomilikiwa mf. 'My socks are red.' 'mine' hutumika baada ya kitu + 'am', 'is', au 'are'. mf: Those red socks are mine.11 (Hizo soksi nyekundu ni zangu.)

mine (-angu) his (-ake (kiume)) hers (-ake (kike)) ours (-etu) yours (-ako/-enu) theirs (-ao) its (-ake) (kitu au mnyama)

17 ► I mine he his she hers we ours /ai main hii hiz shii haaz wii auaz

you yours they theirs it its yuu yooz dhei dheaz it its/

Mazoezi ya kuongea 18 ► The t-shirt is mine. trousers The trousers are mine. (He) The trousers are his. (She) The trousers are hers. blouse The blouse is hers. shirt The shirt is hers. (I) The shirt is mine. ...white... The white shirt is mine. [Negative] The white shirt isn't mine. shirts The white shirts aren't mine. (We) The white shirts aren't ours. (They) The white shirts aren't theirs. (He) The white shirts aren't his. shirt The white shirt isn't his. [Positive] The white shirt is his. (You)

11 Angalia Zingatio la Sarufi (2) (uk. 17) kwa maelezo zaidi.

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A: Ndio (nahitaji). Raba zangu ni chakavu. Zimechakaa sana. old- chakavu/ya zamani worn out- chakavu

B: Ron ni mjomba wangu. Utakapomuona, wambie kuwa unanifahamu. Atakupatia bei nzuri. uncle-mjomba when- -po- see-ona (him-yeye) know-jua tell-ambia give-kupa good-nzuri price-bei

A: Asante sana! Nitakwenda huko kesho. go-enda tomorrow-kesho

The white shirt is yours. [Question] Is the white shirt yours? (He) Is the white shirt his?

(3) She wears them to play netball. They come here to help. (Wanakuja hapa kusaidia.) /dhei kām hia ta help/ We go to London to see our parents. (Tunakwenda London kuwaona wazazi wetu.) /wii gou ta lāndan ta sii aua pearants/

(4) Do you need new trainers too? Kumbuka, neno 'too' hapa ni neno tofauti na neno kutoka ukarasa 3 (juu). Hapa linamaanisa ‘pia’.

(5) Yes, I do. Kujibu maswali yanayoanza na 'do', mara nyingi huwa tunatumia neno 'do' kwenye jibu. Kujibu kwa hali hasi ni 'No, I do not.' au 'No, I don't'. /nou ai duu not dount/

(6) worn out These shoes are worn out. (Viatu hivi vimechakaa.) This table is broken. (Meza hii imevunjika.) /dhiiz shuuz aa woon aut dhis teibl iz broukan/

(7) When you see him... Zingatia jinsi ya kulitumia neno 'when' katika lugha ya Kiingereza: When she comes, she helps me. (Yeye anapokuja, hunisaidia.) I cook when we have guests. (Ninapika pindi tunapokuwa na wageni.) /kāmz kuk gests When is the meeting? (Mkutano upo lini/saa ngapi?) miiting/

(8) tell him that you know me I see that you have new trainers. (Naona (kwamba/kuwa) una raba mpya.)

(9) He will give you a good price. will ni namna moja ya kuzungumzia nyakati zijazo katika Kiingereza: He will come tomorrow. (Atakuja kesho) Hali hasi yake ni 'will not' au 'won't': He will not come tomorrow. / He won't come tomorrow. (Hatakuja kesho.) /wil not wount/

(10) tomorrow (kesho)

19 ► yesterday (jana) today (leo) /yestadei tadei

this morning (asubuhi hii, leo asubuhi, asubuhi ya leo) dhis mooning

this afternoon (mchana huu, leo mchana) dhis aaftanuun

13

tonight (usiku wa leo/leo usiku) later (baadae) tanait leita this week (wiki hii) last week (wiki iliyopita) dhis wiik laast wiik

next week (wiki ijayo) nekst wiik/

Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi (3): (1) Are these your trainers? No, they are not m _ _ _. (2) He w _ _ _ come tomorrow. (3) They are not expensive. They are c _ _ _ _. (4) D _ you need a new shirt? (5) This coat is too old. It is w _ _ _ o_ _. (6) Tell him t _ _ _ you know me. (7) Ron is m_ uncle.

Maandishi ya matamshi

1) Katika Kiingereza, sauti zote mbili za Kiswahili 'th' na 'dh' huandikwa na 'th'. Ni vema kukumbuka namna ipi maneno yenye 'th' yanavyotamkwa, (ingawa hata kama ukikosea, bado utweza kueleweka): 20 ► this these that those they /dhis dhiiz dhat dhouz dhei

thin thick thank you thin thik thank yuu/

2) Sikiliza namna maneno haya yanavyotamkwa, halafu yatamke kwa sauti. Kama huweza kusikiliza , maandishi ya matamshi yapo ukurasa wa 16. 21 ► we he me she red help then yes sweep sleep green need verb hers person servant

Mazoezi

A) fat thin 1) small _____ 2) thick ____ 3) tall ____ 4) good ____ 5) expensive _____ 6) young ____ 7) new ____ 8) difficult ___ 9) fast _____ 10) hot _____

B) clean cook do tidy polish open iron

the table 1) ______ the door 2) ______ the room clean the shoes the window the house the room

the clothes the meat 3) _____ the shirt 4) ______ the food the blouse the chicken

5) ______ the table the shoes

14

C) I help to do the washing. She helps to do the washing. I don't like football. He doesn't like football.

1) You want a shirt. He ______ a shirt. 2) They need new trainers. She _______ new trainers. 3) I know him. He _______ me. 4) We don't cook. He _____ ______. 5) We have a problem. He _____ a problem. 6) I don't do the washing. She _____ ______ the washing. 7) We wear trainers to play football. He ______ trainers to play football.

D) on near of to or with that if

1) He comes here on Saturdays ___ he is not busy. 2) I have a new pair ___ trousers. 3) The shirts are _____ the door. 4) He helps me ____ tidy the house. 5) Do you want a blue shirt ___ a red one? 6) Tell him ____ you know me. 7) These trousers go ____ my shirt.

E) That shirt is his. Give it to him. 1) Those trousers ____ _____. Give them to me. 2) These socks _____ _____. Give them to her. 3) That shirt _____ _____. Give it to him. 4) Those shoes ______ _____'_. Give them to Michael. 5) This money _____ ______. Give it to them. 6) These t-shirts _____ ______. Give them to us. 7) These glasses ______ ______. Here you are!

F) (Kama utahitaji, unaweza kutumia Zingatio la Sarufi (2) (ukurasa wa 17) kukusaidia na zoezi hili): Those are not your trainers. They are Mary's trainers. (you Mary) 1) This isn't ____ breakfast. (I) 2) This breakfast isn't _____. (I) 3) This is ___ coat. It is too small for ____. That one is ____. (he she she) 4) Where are ____ glasses? (you) 5) When you see John, tell ____ that I have ____ money. (he, he) 6) This car isn't _____. It's ______ car. (we, they)

Misamiati ya ziada 22 ► do the laundry12 (fua nguo) /duu dha loondri

do the washing (fua nguo) woshing

do the washing up (osha vyombo) woshing āp

fold (kunja) fold the clothes (kunja nguo) fould kloudhz

12 do-fanya

15

hang up (anika) dry (kausha) take down (anua) hang āp drai teik doun

put away (weka kwenye boksi, kabati n.k.) put awei lay the table (andaa meza) lei dha teibl

clear the table (andua meza/ondoa vitu mezani) klia dha teibl

make the bed (tandika kitanda) meik dha bed

change the sheets (badilisha mashuka) cheinj shiits

sheet (shuka) blanket (blanketi) shiit blankit

take out the rubbish (toa uchafu/takataka nje) teik aut rābish

rubbish (uchafu/takataka) bin (pipa la taka) rābish bin

throw out (tupa nje) fill (jaza) empty (mwaga) throu aut fil empti

dust (futa vumbi) polish (ng'arisha) dāst polish

duster (chombo cha kufuta vumbi) dāsta clean the floor (piga deki) (floor-sakafu) kliin dha floo mop (chombo cha kupigia deki) mop brush (brashi) box (boksi) brāsh boks

iron (pasi, piga pasi) lock (kitasa/funga mlango kwa kitasa) aian lok/

23 ► early (iliyo wahi) late (iliyochelewa) /aali leit first (ya kwanza) last (ya mwisho) faast laast

right (iliyo sawa) wrong (isiyo sawa) rait rong high (ya juu) low (ya chini) hai lou

poor (iliyo maskini) rich (iliyo tajiri) poo rich dry (iliyo kavu) wet (iliyolowana) drai wet

empty (tupu) full (iliyojaa) empti ful dark (iliyokoa/iliyokoza) light (nyepesi/isiyokoa/isiyokoza) daak lait

beautiful (-zuri (kwa muonekano)) byuutifal ugly (-baya (kwa muonekano)) āgli

boring (-kulivu/-chovu) exciting (enye kusisimua) booring iksaiting

clever (-janja) stupid (-pumbavu) kleva styuupid

private (binafsi) public (umma) praivat pāblik/

24 ► hat (kofia) jacket (jaketi) /hat jakit headscarf(kitambaa cha kichwani) scarf (skafu/mtandio) hedskaaf skaaf

football shirt (shati la jezi ya mpira wa miguu) futbool shaat

sunglasses (miwani ya jua) glove (glovu) sānglaasiz glāv

underwear (nguo ya ndani) bra (brazia) āndawea braa

vest (kizibau) shorts (kaptura) nappy (nepi) vest shoots napi jewellery (vito) ring (pete) earring (hereni) juualri ring iaring chain (cheni/mkufu) watch (saa ya mkononi) chein woch sandal (makubazi/viatu vya wazi/sendo) sandl

16

belt (mkanda) walking stick (mkongojo, fimbo ya kutembelea) belt wooking stik/

Maneno magumu13 25 ► iron suit uniform busy cupboard Wednesday

Majibu: Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi: (1) 1) new 2) too don't 3) colour It's 4) are They 5) How very He's 6) kind 7) sir pair (2) 1) get up 2) comes 3) both 4) doesn't 5) don't 6) watch (3) 1) mine 2) will 3) cheap 4) Do 5) worn out 6) that 7) my Exercises (A) 1) big 2) thin 3) short 4) bad 5) cheap 6) old 7) old 8) easy 9) slow 10) cold (B) 1) open 2) tidy 3) iron 4) cook 5) polish (C) 1) wants 2) needs 3) knows 4) doesn't cook 5) has 6) doesn't do 7) wears (D) 1) if 2) of 3) near 4) to 5) or 6) that 7) with (E) 1) are mine 2) are hers 3) is his 4) are Michael's 5) is theirs 6) are ours 7) are yours (F) 1) my 2) mine 3) his her hers 4) your 5) him his 6) ours their

Maandishi ya matamshi ya 21 wii hii mii shii

red help dhen yes

swiip sliip griin niid

vaab haaz paasan saavant

Maandishi ya matamshi ya 25 aian suut yuunifoom bizi kābad wenzdei

Tumia Kiingereza ulichojifunza: Kama una ndugu au rafiki anayejifunza Kiingereza pia, au anayejua Kiingereza, jaribu kufanya naye mazungumzo haya: 1) Igiza kama mpo kwenye duka la nguo. Ulizia unachokihitaji kwa Kiingereza. Nunua kitu. 2) Nani anafanya kazi za nyumbani kwako? Zungumza kwa Kiingereza kazi ambazo wewe (au yeye) anapaswa kuzifanya. 3) Zungumza kuhusu vitu vinavyokuzunguka ambavzo unafahamu majina yake kwa Kiingereza. Ni mali ya nani? Maneno yaa Kiingereza yaliyotumika katika kitabu cha 4:

1) Vowel (irabu) /vaual/

Vowel ni sauti inayotamkwa wakati mdomo wa juu haugusi mdomo wa chini. Katika Kiingereza kwa kawaida huandikwa kama inavyoandikwa katika Kiswahili kwa herufi a,e,i,o na u. (Hata hivyo mara nyingine katika Kiingereza inawezekana kwamba sauti ya vowel inatokana na herufi nyingine tofauti).

2) Short form (short-fupi) /shoot foom/ Kuna njia ndefu na fupi ambazo mara nyingi hutumika katika Kiingereza. Kiingereza kina namna zote mbili: mfano: I am = I'm

I'm ni short form ya I am. Wazungumzaji wa Kiingereza hutumia namna zote

13 Maandish ya matamshi yapo chini

17

mbili lakini hupendelea zaidi njia fupi wanapozungumza haraka. Short form haitumiki katika barua za kiofisi.

3) Weak form (weak-dhaifu) /wiik foom/ Baadhi ya maneno katika Kiingereza yana namna zaidi ya moja yanavyotamkwa hasa maneno mafupi ambayo hutumika mara nyingi. Kwa mfano the inaweza kutamkwa kama /dhii/ na pia kama /dha/ na neno and (na) linaweza kutamkwa kama /and/ au /and/. (/and/ ni weak form ya /and/ na /dha/ ni weak form ya /dhii/). Njia zote ni sahihi lakini wazumgaji wa Kiingereza wanapendelea zaidi weak form (ambayo ni ya haraka) wanapozungumza haraka.

Zingatio la Sarufi

1.) Positive, negative na question /pozativ negativ kweschan/ Katika Kiingereza, kuna aina tatu za sentensi. Sentensi inayotumika huathiri maneno yanayotumika na orodha ya maandishi yake: Positive (chanya): He is in London. (Yeye yupo London.)

They are teachers. (Wao ni walimu.) They like this car. (Wanapenda gari hili.) She likes these shoes. (Anapenda viatu hivi.)

Negative (hasi): He is not in London. (Yeye Hayupo London.) They are not teachers. (Wao sio walimu) They don't like this shirt.(Hawapendi gari hili.) She doesn't like these shoes.(Hapendi viatu hivi.)

Question (swali): Is he in London? (Je, yeye yupo London?) Are they teachers? (Je, wao ni walimu?) Do they like this car? (Wanapenda gari hili?) Does she like these shoes? (Anapemda viatu hivi?)

2.) I, me, my etc. (mimi, yangu n.k)

Angalia pahali palipowekwa maneno katika sentensi zifuatazo:

I want a new shirt. Give me those glasses. My car is blue. These trainers are mine.

She likes that dress. Tell her to help. They are her shoes. That coat is hers.

I me my mine /ai mii mai main

he him his his hii him hiz hiz

she her her hers shii haa haa haaz we us our ours wii ās aua auaz

you you your yours yuu yuu yoo yooz

they them their theirs dhei dhem dhea dheaz

it it its its it it its its

(Mary) (Mary) (Mary's) (Mary's) meari meari meariz meariz

Aina za maneno: Noun (nomino): Nomino ni jina la mtu au kitu: /naun/

table man car shirt

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Adjective (kivumishi): kivumishi huzungumzia (huto habari zaidi kuhusu nomino) /ajektiv/

big small blue expensive

Verb (kitenzi): Kitenzi ni neno linaloonesha kitendo. (neno la kitendo): /vaab/

go come live sleep eat

Maandishi ya Matamshi: 1) Utangulizi: Tofauti na Kiswahili, Kiingereza cha kuandika mara nyingi hakitumii herufi zilezile kuwakilisha matamshi yaleyale katika Kiingereza cha kuongea. Namna nzuri ya kujifunza matamshi ya Kiingereza ni kusikiliza rekodi za maneno zilizoambatanishwa kwenye kozi. Lakini njia hii ikishindikana, tumia maandishi ya matamshi. teacher (mwalimu) /tiicha/ office (ofisi) /ofis/

Maandishi ya matamshi yameandikwa katikati ya mistari miwili na ni madogo zaidi kuhakikisha hayachanganywi na maneno halisi ya Kiingereza yaliyoandikwa.

2) Mistari: Herufi ambazo zina tofauti kubwa kati ya lugha mbili zinaoneshwa kwa mstari (aidha juu au chini): a ā i u mf. bus (basi) /bās/ linapozungumzwa na mzungumzaji, sauti ya katikati ya neno hili si sawa na sauti ya neno la Kiswahili 'basi'. Herufi bila mstari huashiria kuwa matamshi ni sawa au yanakaribiana na Kiswahili.

3) Italic (italiki): Baadhi ya herufi zinaandikwa katika italiki: aa ii uu ai /italik/

/e f g h i j k l m n/ (herufi i, j na k zimeandikwa katika staili ya italic)

Hii ni kuwakumbusha wasomaji kuwa katika Kiingereza sauti zinazotokana na herufi hizi mbili pamoja zinazungumzwa kama silabi moja na siyo silabi mbili. Kwa maana hiyo sauti ii katika neno la Kiingereza teacher (/tiicha/) ni tofauti na sauti ii katika neno la Kiswahili 'mtalii'.

4) Bold (mkazo): Mara nyingi sehemu ya neno inaandikwa katika staili ya bold: /bould/

/a b c d e f g h i j/ (herufi f,g na h zimeandikwa staili ya bold)

Hii inaonesha kuwa sehemu ya neno lililoandikwa kwa staili ya bold linatamkwa kwa mkazo zaidi kuliko sehemu isiyoandikwa kwa aina ya bold. mf: teacher (/tiicha/) Sehemu ya kwanza; tea- inatajwa kwa nguvu zaidi kuliko ya pili -cher. Katika neno behind (nyuma -a) /bihaind/, ni sehemu ya pili inayotamkwa kwa nguvu zaidi.

5) r Herufi r haijatokea katika maandishi ya baadhi ya maneno. mf. farm (shamba) /faam/ teacher /tiicha/ Hii ni kwa sababu wazungumzaji wengi wa Kiingereza hawatamki herufi hii (katika maneno haya) Kama neno linaishia na irabu na r, herufi r hutamkwa iwapo tu neno linalofuatia linaanza na sauti ya irabu pia. car (gari) /kaa/ His car is blue. (gari lake ni la buluu) /hiz kaar iz bluu/ Wazungumzaji wengi wa kimarekani na baadhi ya waingereza hutamka herufi r katika maneno haya na si kosa kufanya hivyo. Maandishi ya matamshi

19

yanawakilisha matamshi ya wazungumzaji wa Kiingereza (cha Uingereza) kama kwenye rekodi.

Maongezi: Maongezi yaliyotumika katika kitabu hiki yanaonyesha mazungumzo ya kila siku ya kiingereza hivyo yameambatana na alama zinazoashiria kusita katika mazungumzo (wakati mzungumzaji anapoacha kuzungumza ili kufikiri. Zingatia kwamba vitu hivi kwa kawaida havipo katika lugha ya maandishi. Doti tatu (...) hutumika kuonesha pale mzungumzaji anapoacha au kuendelea kwa maongezi. Pia, baadhi ya sauti zinazotumika katika maongezi ya Kiingereza kama 'oh' na 'um' (ambazo uonesha mshangao na kusita katika maongezi) huwepo lakini hayawezi kutumika katika maandishi rasmi, kama barua ya kikazi. Maneno haya yamebanishwa kila yanapotokea. Tafsiri ya maandishi inawakilisha maana ya jumla na si ya neno kwa neno. Kwa kuwa mtiririko wa maneno ya Kiingereza na Kiswahili ni tofauti, maneno ya Kiingereza yametafsiriwa katikati ya maandishi, Pia, pale ambapo maneno yaliyotumika ni tofauti sana na Kiswahili, tafsiri ya neno kwa neno imetumika pamoja na tafsiri ya jumla.

no kwa neno imetumika pamoja na tafsiri ya jumla.

Jinsi ya kufanya Mazoezi ya Kuongea: Mazoezi haya yanakupa nafasi ya kutumiamaneno uliyojifunza katika sentensi ambazo zina sarufi sahihi.

1.) Kubadilisha neno: Msikilize mzungumzaji anavyobadilisha neno katika sentensi kwa kutumia neno jingine kuunda sentensi mpya na ufanye kama alivyofanya. a) Mzumgumzaji atasoma sentensi na atakapomaliza neno jipya litatokea: Where is the hospital? school b) Mzungumzaji anatengeneza sentensi mpya kwa kutumia neno jipya na kuondoa neno liliokuwepo: Where is the school? Hivi ndivyo zoezi litaonekana katika Kiswahili: Hospitali iko wapi? shule Shule iko wapi? 2.) Kufanya mabadiliko mengine: Unapobadilisha neno moja katika sentensi mara nyingi utatakiwa kubadilisha neno jingine au maneno mengine ili sentensi mpya kwa sahihi mf.: Duka liko wapi? Yeye Yeye yuko wapi? Katika Kiswahili si sahihi kusema 'Yeye liko wapi? Huu ni mfano wa Kiingereza: I am a manager She She is a manager. Katika Kiingereza si sahihi kusema 'She am'. Kwa hiyo ni lazima tubadilishe 'am' kwenda 'is' wakati tunapobadilisha 'I' kwenda 'she'. Kwenye sauti zilizorekodiwa kuna muda wa kutosha wa kusema sentensi

20

wewe mwenyewe halafu uangalie kama huko sahihi wakati mzungumzaji atakaposoma sentensi inayofuata. Jaribu kufanya mazoezi bila kuangalia kitabuni.

3.) Kuongeza neno Neno linapotokea na doti (...), tunaweka neno (au maneno) sehemu kwenye sentensi liyopita bila kuondoa neno lolote: This is my car. ...new... This is my new car.

4.) Maneno ndani ya mabano Neno linapotokea kwenye mabano, tunatakiwa tuliweke kwenye hali sawa (neno tunalojua linaendana na neno hilo) kwenye sentensi: This is my car. (he) This is his car. Tunafahamu kwamba his huendana na he.

5.) Positive, Negative na Question forms. Pale mojawapo ya maneno haya yanapotumika katika , tunabadili sentensi kama inavyotakiwa (angalia ukurasa wa 17, chini ya Positive, Negative na Question forms): They are teachers. [Question] Are they teachers?

Kwenye sauti zilizowa kuna muda wa kutosha wa kusema sentensi wewe mwenyewe halafu uangalie kama huko sahihi wakati mzungumzaji atakaposoma sentensi inayofuata. Jaribu kufanya mazoezi bila kuangalia kitabuni.

Orodha ya maneno yaliyotumika katika kitabu hiki, yameorodheshwa kwa orodha ya alphabetiki. (Maneno mengi ya Kiingereza yana maana zaidi ya moja- tafsiri iliyotolewa hapa katika baadhi ya maneno ni ile tu ilivyotulika katika kitabu hiki.) Pale ambapo tafsiri ya moja kwa moja haikupatikana, imetolewa nambari ya ukurasa ambapo neno hili limetumika ambapo utapata mifano ya matumizi ya neno hilo. a uk.1,3,7,11 /ei, a*/ after baada ya /aafta/ afternoon mchana /aaftanuun/ also pia /oolsou/

and na /and, and*/ are kuwa uk.1,2,3,5,6 /aa, a*/

as well pia /az wel, az wel*/ bad -baya /bad/ banana ndizi /banaana/

beautiful mzuri (kwa muonekano) /byuutifal/

bed kitanda /bed/

belt mkanda /belt/

Ben jina la mtu /ben/

big -kubwa /big/

bin pipa la taka /bin/

black nyeusi /blak/

blouse blauzi /blauz/ blue buluu /bluu/

brown kahawia /braun/

boot buti /buut/ boring isiyosisimua /booring/ both (zote) mbili /bouth/ box boksi, sanduku /boks/

bra brazia /braa/

breakfast kifungu kinywa /brekfast/

broken iliyovunjika /broukan/

broom fagio /bruum/ brother kaka /brādha/

brush brashi /brāsh/

bucket ndoo /bākit/

busy isiyo na muda /bizi/ but lakini /bāt, bat*/ buy nunua /bai/ can weza /kan, kan*/ captain kapteni /kaptin/ car gari /kaa/

chain cheni /chein/ change badilisha /cheinj/ cheap nafuu /chiip/

chicken kuku /chikin/

child mtoto /chaild/

children watoto/childran/

clean safisha, ilyo safi /kliin/

clear the table ondoa vyombo mezani /klia dha

21

teibl/ clever -janja, -werevu, enye akili /kleva/ close ya karibu /klouz/ cloth kitambaa /kloth/

clothes nguo /kloudhz/ coat koti /kout/ cold baridi /kould/ colour rangi /kāla/ come kuja /kām/ cook pika /kuk/

cupboard kabati /kābad/

dark iliyokoa/iliyokoza /daak/

day siku /dei/

difficult iliyo ngumu /difikalt/

do kutengeneza maswali uk. 3,7,9,17 /duu, da/

do fanya /duu/ doctor daktari /dokta/

door mlango /doo/ Dr Dk /dokta/

draw sawazisha /droo/

dress gauni /dresnyo

dry kausha, iliyo kavu /drai/ dust vumbi, futa vumbi /dāst/

duster kifuta vumbi /dāsta/

earring hereni /iaring/

early ya mapema /aali/ easy ya rahisi /iizi/ eat kula /iit/

empty fanya kitu kuwa kitupu /empti, emti/

empty iliyo tupu /empti, emti/

exciting -enye kusisimua /iksaiting/

expensive iliyo ghali /ikspensiv/ fast enye uharaka /faast/

fat iliyo nene /fat/

Father Padri /faadha/

father baba /faadha/

fill jaza /fil/ full iliyo jaa /ful/ first ya kwanza /faast/

five tano /faiv/

floor sakafu /floo/

fold kunja /fould/

food chakula /fuud/

football mpira wa miguu /futbool/

football shirt shati ya mpira wa miguu /futbool shaat/

for uk 3,9,14 /foo, fa*/ Friday Ijumaa /fraidei/

from (toka kwa) uk.9,10 /from,

fram*/

get up amka /get āp/

girl msichana /gaal/

give patia, pa, toa /giv/ glasses miwani /glaasiz/

glove glovu /glāv/ go enda /gou/ good iliyo nzuri /gud/

green ya kijani /griin/

grey ya kijivu /grei/ hang up anika /hang āp/ has kuwa na /haz/ hat kofia /hat/ have kuwa na /hav/ he yeye (mume) /hii/

headscarf kitambaa cha kichwani /hedskaaf/ help saidia /help/ her yeye (mke) /haa/

here hapa /hia/ here you are hii hapa /hia yuu

aa/

her -ake (kike) uk.17 /haa/

her yeye (kike) uk17 /haa/

hers -ake (kike) uk.11,17 /haaz/

high ya juu /hai/

him yeye (mume) /him/ his -ake (kiume) uk.11,17 /hiz/

hospital hospitali /hospital/ hot ya moto /hot/

house nyumba /haus/

housework kazi za nyumbani /hauswaak/ how vipi /hau/ I mimi /ai/

if kama, ikiwa /if/ in ndani /in/ in uk.11, 17 /in/ iron piga pasi, pasi /aian/

it hii, hiki nk.uk 1,3,9,17. /it/

its -ake (kitu au mnyama) uk.11,17 /its/ jacket jaketi /jakit/ jeans jinzi (nguo) /jiinz/ jewellery vito /juualri/ John (jina la mtu) /jon/ know jua, fahamu /nou/

laundry nguo za kufua /loondri/ last ya mwisho /laast/ late enye uchelevu /leit/ later ya baadae /leita/ lay the table andaa meza /lei

dha teibl/

like penda /laik/ litre lita /liita/

Liverpool (jina la mji wa

Uingereza) /livapuul/

live ishi /liv/

lock funga na kitasa (kufuli) au funguo /lok/

lock kitasa, kufuli /lok/

London (jina la mji wa Uingereza) /lāndan/ long iliyo ndefu /long/

look angalia /luk/ lose shindwa /luuz/

lot nyingi /lot/ low ya chini /lou/

lunch chakula cha mchana /lānch/

Madam Bibie/bibi/bi /madam/ make tengeneza /meik/

make the bed tandika kitanda /meik dha bed/

man mwanaume /man/ manager meneja /manija/

Manchester United timu ya mpira ya Uingereza /manchista yuunaitid/

Mark (jina la mtu) /maak/

Martha (jina la mtu) /maatha/

Mary (jina la mtu) /meari/

Matthew (jina la mtu) /mathyuu/

material kitambaa /matiarial/

me mimi /mii/ meat nyama /miit/

meeting makutano /miiting/ Matthew (jina la mtu) /mathyuu/

Michael (jina la mtu) /maikal/ milk maziwa /milk/ mine yangu /main/

Miss hadhi ya binti ambaye hajaolewa /mis/

Monday Jumatatu /māndei/ money pesa /māni/ mop dekio, deki /mop/ more zaidi /moo/

morning asubuhi /mooning/

Mr /mista/ uk.3 Mrs /misiz/ uk.3 my -angu /mai/

nappy nepi /napi/

near ya karibu /nia/

22

need hitaji /niid/ netball netiboli /netbool/

new -pya /nyuu/ next inayofuatia /nekst/ nice nzuri /nais/

ninety-two tisini na mbili /nainti

tuu/ no hapana, sio /nou/

Nokia (jina la kampui ya simu) /nokia/ now sasa /nau/ o'clock (saa) kamili (muda) /a

klok/ of –a uk. 3,4,6 /ov, av*/ of course bila shaka /ov koos, av

koos*/

oh haina maana uk.1,9 /ou/

old ya muda mrefu, iliyozeeka, -zee /ould/ on /on/ uk. 4,7 one moja /wān/j only tu /ounli/

open fungua /oupan/

opposite mkabala na,k (maneno ya) kinyume /opasit/ or au /oo, a/ orange ya chungwa /orinj/ our -etu /aua/ pair pea, vitu viwili vinavyoenda pamoja /pea/ parent mzazi /pearant/ people watu /piipl/ perhaps labda /pahaps/ person mtu /paasan/ Peter (jina la mtu) /piita/ phone simu /foun/

pink pinki, ya rangi ya waridi /pink/

play cheza /plei/ please tafadhali /pliiz/ polish ng'arisha /polish/ poor maskini /poo/ pound paundi /paund/ price bei /prais/ private ya binafsi /praivat/

problem tatizo /problam/ Professor Profesa /prafesa/ public ya umma /pāblik/ purple papo /paapl/

put weka /put/

put on uk.4, /put on/

put away weka kwenye boksi, kabati n.k /put awei/ question swali /kweschan/ red nyekundu /red/ rich tajiri /rich/

right iliyo sawa /rait/

ring pete /ring/ Ron (jina la mtu) /ron/ room chumba /ruum/ rubbish uchafu /rābish/

sandal viatu vya wazi, makubazi, sendo /sandal/ Saturday Jumamosi /satadei/

scarf skafu, matandio /skaaf/ school shule /skuul/ see ona /sii/ servant mtumishi /saavant/

she yeye (mke) /shii/

sheet shuka /shiit/ shirt shati /shaat/ shoe kiatu /shuu/

shop duka /shop/

(do the) shopping (fanya) manunuzi /shoping/ short -fupi /shoot/ shorts kaputura /shoots/ Simon (jina la mtu) /saiman/ sir bwana, mheshimiwa /saa/ sister dada /sista/ size saizi /saiz/ skirt sketi /skaat/ sleep lala, usingizi /sliip/ slow polepole, ya taratibu /slou/ small -dogo /smool/ smart maridadi, rasmi /smaat/

snake nyoka /sneik/

sock soksi /sok/ sport michezo /spoot/ stupid ya kijinga /styuupid/ suit suti /suut/

Sunday Jumapili /sāndei/ sweater sweta /sweta/ sweep fagia /swiip/

t-shirt tisheti /tii shaat/ table meza /teibl/ take chukua /teik/ take down ondoa /teik daun/

take off vua /teik of/ take out toa nje /teik aut/

tall -refu /tool/ teacher mwalimu /tiicha/ television televisheni /telivizhan/ tell ambia /tel/ thank shukuru /thank/ thank you asante /thank yuu/ that kwamba, kuwa uk.11,12 /dhat, dhat*/ that ile,kile n.k. /dhat/

that hapo uk.7 /dhat/

the uk.1,5,7,9,12 /dhii,

dha*/ their -ao /dhea/

theirs -ao uk.11,17

/dheaz//

them wao /dhem, dham*/

them yale, vile, zile, haya, hivi, hizi n.k. uk.6,9,17 then halafu /dhen/ there pale /dhea/ these hizi, hivi n.k. /dhiiz/ they wao /dhei/

they yale,vile,zile, haya, hivi, hizi n.k uk.1,3,9,11 thin iliyo nyembamba /thin/ think dhani, fikiri, waza /think/ this hii /dhis/

those zile, vile n.k. /dhouz/ throw out tupa /throu aut/

Thursday Alhamisi /thaazdei/ tidy iliyo safi /taidi/ tidy up safisha /taidi āp/

tie tai, funga /tai/ time muda /taim/ to /tuu, ta*/

today siku /tadei/

tomorrow kesho /tamorou/

tonight usiku wa leo /tanait/ too pia /tuu/

too mno /tuu/ town mji /toun/ trainer raba /treina/

tree mti /trii/ trousers suruali /trauzaz/

Tuesday Jumanne /tyuuzdei/

ugly mbaya (kwa muonekano) /āgli/

uncle mjomba, baba mdogo /ānkl/ under chini ya /ānda/

underwear nguo ya ndani /āndawea/

uniform yunifomu /yuunifoom/ up ya juu /āp/ us sisi /ās/ very sana /veri/ vest kizibau /vest/

wake up zinduka, kuwa

23

macho /weik āp/

walking stick fimbo ya kutembelea /wooking stik/

want taka /wont/ wash osha /wosh/

(the) washing nguo chafu /woshing/

(the) washing up vyombo vya kuoshwa /woshing āp/

watch saa /woch/ watch angalia /woch/ we sisi /wii/ wear vaa /wea/ wedding harusi /weding/

Wednesday Jumatano /wenzdei/ week wiki /wiik/ well iliyo na hali nzuri /wel/ wet iliyo lowa /wet/ what nini /wot/ when wakati gani /wen/ where wapi /wea/ white nyeupe /wait/ Wilkins (jina la mtu) /wilkinz/ will /wil/ uk. 11 win shinda /win/ window dirisha /windou/ with na/ pamoja na /widh/ woman mwanamke /wuman/

won't /wount/ uk.15

work fanya kazi, kazi /waak/ worn iliyochakaa /woon/ write andika /rait/ wrong iliyokosewa /rong/ yellow manjano /yelou/ yes ndio /yes/ yesterday jana /yestadei/ you wewe /yuu/

young enye ujana, -dogo /yāng/ your yako /yoo/

* weak form (angalia ukurasa wa 17)

© copyright James Munn 2016