Rehabilitation Game Model for

Personalised Exercise Dominic Holmes, Darryl Charles, Philip Morrow, Sally

McClean, and Suzanne McDonough

• Games are created on the basis of design principle, along with core game mechanics to aid game designers in the design of engaging gameplay.

• Researchers and game designers have recognized that there are variations in the way players choose to interact in games and how they may be engaged and motivated to play games

• Behaviour change is the identification of negative aspects of an individual or groups behaviour towards a topic, and using behaviour change techniques to change those behaviours to bring about a positive attitude towards the topic.

2

Introduction

Personalised Rehabilitation

Gaming System

Engaging factors of games for a specific player

(Player profiling)

Game Mechanics Behaviour Change

Techniques

To develop a new way to designing and assessing interactive rehabilitation systems that are tailored to the users personality.

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Motivation

Games • Highly engaging and fun, key reason why games are popular in

rehabilitation

• Games may be broken down and understood by their underlying game mechanics.

• Researchers and game designers have done this, creating a detailed classification of game design patterns (game mechanics).

– Staffan Bjork & Jussi Holopainen

– David Perry

– Schell

4

Background

Gamification • Helps make non-game process become more engaging and fun.

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Background

Anarchy

Light Touch

Anonymity

Development Tools

Voting/Voice

Innovation Platform

Access

Meaning/Purpose

Care-taking

Collect & Trade

Sharing Knowledge

Gifting/Sharing

Exploration

Branching Choices

Easter Eggs

Unlockable/ Rare Content

Customisation

Creativity Tools

Challenges

Certificates

Quests

Learning/New Skills

Boss Battles

Levels/ Progression

Social Status

Social Network

Social Pressure

Competition

Social Discovery

Guilds/Teams

Points/ Exp Points (XP)

Physical Rewards/Prizes

LeaderBoards/Ladders

Badges/Achievements

Virtual Economy

Lottery/Game of Chance

Behaviour Change • A new behaviour change framework called Behaviour Change Wheel

(BCW) is used to analyses and implement behaviour change interventions.

• The core of the BCW is the COM-B model of behaviour change, highlighting that behaviour is part of an interacting system comprised of the three COM components.

6

Background

• A detailed taxonomy called Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) give detailed methods of changing 1 or more of the COM components to promote a behaviour change.

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Rehabilitation Gaming Model (RGM)

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Rehabilitation Gaming Model (RGM)

• The RGM can be used in two main ways.

– Design Tool enabling designers to communicate rehabilitation game ideas, aiding in delivering effective, fun gameplay suited for a range of personalities and rehabilitation exercises.

– Assessment Tool for the evaluation of existing rehabilitation or purely entertainment based games that may be suited for rehabilitation.

• To evaluate the RGM as an assessment tool

– Selected five popular commercial games from different core genres.

– Three relevant rehabilitation games.

• The approach requires the evaluator to play or observe video of gameplay and note all of the game design patterns that link to gamification features as described in the RGM.

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RGM as an Assessment Tool

• The commercial and rehabilitation games exhibited RGM profiles that provide a strong emphasis of the Achiever attribute.

• The rehabilitation games, while well-designed have a narrow design focus on achievement-oriented rewards.

• Argued that a “gamer” population would naturally be interested in challenges, whereas a group of people engaged in rehabilitation (e.g. stroke rehab.) are more likely to be engaged by broader system features such as social and creative factors.

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Conclusion

VIDEO?

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Parallel Work

Thank you

Any questions?