regulation in the eu and current state of risks (problem cases) … · 2009. 4. 27. · • gm lti...
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Regulation in the EU and current state of risks (problem
cases)
Regulierung in der EU und Stand der Risiken (Problemfälle)
Marco Contiero, Greenpeace Bruxelles
Greenpeace European Unit
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Regulation in EURegulation in EU and current state of risks
Marco ContieroMarco ContieroGreenpeace European Unit
Greenpeace European Unit
@g p g
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EU successesEU successes• Only 1 crop authorised: Monsanto MON810 maize
• National bans6 t i b th lti ti (DE LU FR GR HU AT) + CH– 6 countries ban the cultivation (DE, LU, FR, GR, HU, AT) + CH
– 6 countries cultivate (ES, PT, CZ, SK, RO, PL?)
GM lti t d l th 0 2% EU l d f l (2008)• GM cultivated area less than 0.2% EU land for cereals (2008)
• No authorisations for cultivation since 1998
• Consistent public opposition
• Food market practically free from GM products
• Political and media interest
Greenpeace European Unit
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The authorisation systemThe authorisation system
Greenpeace European Unit
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The authorisation systemThe authorisation system
Greenpeace European Unit
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European Food Safety Authorityp y y• Lack of environmental and ecological expertise
– 3 out of 21 scientists (‘Food safety’ authority Reg.178/2002)
• No long-term assessments (Dir. 2001/18 Annex II)• No account of geographical/environmental areas• No acknowledgement of scientific uncertainties • No minority opinions expressed• No consideration of independent criticisms• No co-operation with other panels (eg. Pest. Biohaz.)• Risk manager considerations
• “New” GMO panel from July 2009
Greenpeace European Unit
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European Commission
• Generally pro-GMOs (Barroso Secretary General Fischer-Boel)
p
Generally pro GMOs (Barroso, Secretary General, Fischer-Boel)
• No respect for Council (Predominant Position)• No respect for Council (Predominant Position)
Hides behind EFSA opinions• Hides behind EFSA opinions
S l ibl f th i i GMO• Sole responsible for authorizing GMOs
• Powerful under comitology
Greenpeace European Unit
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The Comitology trapgy
Greenpeace European Unit
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The momentume o e tu• February 2008: French MON810 ban
• May 2008: Commission orientation debate (Maize, Potato, Rice)
April 2008 UN Ag Assessment (IAASTD)• April 2008: UN Ag Assessment (IAASTD)
• July-Dec. 2008: Council debate - Conclusions
• March 2009: Rejection of lifting AT & HU bans (QMV)
A il 2009 G MON810 b• April 2009: German MON810 ban--------- --------- --------- ---------
• June 2009: European elections
• Autumn 2009: Implementation of Council Conclusions?
Greenpeace European Unit
Autumn 2009: Implementation of Council Conclusions?
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Member statesFirm blocking minorities in both directions - No qualified majority
Council Conclusions
No qualified majority- 6 bans, 6 cultivations
Council Conclusions- EU law on GMOs not implemented properly - Need to: - Improve GMO risk assessment (broaden scientific expertise)p ( p )- assess long-term impacts of GM crops - assess effects on non-target organisms- fully consider specific geographical characteristics - assess environmental consequences of herbicide-tolerant
address the socio economic impacts of GM cultivation- address the socio-economic impacts of GM cultivation- involve independent researcher (grant them access to information)- Legal/Political recognition of GMO-free areas
Greenpeace European Unit
g g
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The threatse t eats• Pending authorisations (20 cultivation - 32 import and foo& feed)
• Food crisis (industry propaganda)
• Financial crisis• Legal challenges from companies (Pioneer, BASF)
• New Commission & EP (New balance of power)
• Climate negotiations (COP 15)
• Next EU Presidencies (Sweden/Spain/Belgium)
• New proposals– Seed thresholds (seed contamination)
Z t l (i t t i ti )– Zero tolerance (import contamination)– “Dutch proposal” (Fast track approvals - Socio-economic criteria)– WG on definition of GMOs
Greenpeace European Unit
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“Iconic” authorisationsIconic authorisations
Bt d t tBt crops and potatofirst cultivation authorisations i ’98since ’98
RiceRicefirst GM food in the EU
MON810 re-assessmentthe only GMO authorised so far
Greenpeace European Unit
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How to move forward?
ROOTSGMOs in the EU
Authorisation system- Implement Council Conclusions
- New risk assessment
- New Comm/Council attitude
SOILSOILRaise consumers awareness
M k t fMarket focus
Promote new solutions for Agriculture (IAASTD)
Greenpeace European Unit
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ThankThank
You!
Greenpeace European Unit