Second OIE regional workshop on stray dog population control for West-Eurasia countries

Results of the first self assessment

Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 27-29 September 2017

The Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale” is a technical-scientific body of the Ministry of Health and Abruzzo e Molise Regions, founded in 1941

Our mission is to ensure human-animal-environment safe interactions, providing appropriate response to public health needs, through scientific knowledge and expertise on food safety, animal health and welfare, control and prevention of transmittable animal diseases, including zoonoses.

Fields of activities

Animal Health and Welfare

Food safety

Health and environment

Information systems and animal I&R

Epidemiology & risk analysis

Knowledge management

Veterinary Public Health (VPH)

“The sum of all contributions to the physical, mental and social well-being of humans through an understanding and application of veterinary science“ WHO consultation on "future trends in veterinary public health“, 1999

HEALTHY PEOPLE

HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

HEALTHY ANIMALS

ONE HEALTH

Section I «Understanding the situation»

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Country 2 164,000 180,000 245,000 250,000 260,000

Country 3 160,000 160,000 160,000 180,000 200,000

Country 5 450,000 450,000 500,000 500,000 416,000

Country 6 - - - 80,352 89,147

Country 7 - - - - 350,000

Country 8 928,000 1,170,000 1,340,000

1,480,000 1,932,000

• Eight out of 8 countries completed the questionnaire

• The number of owned dogs is estimated in 6 countries

The number of owned dogs is estimated in 6 countries

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Dog registration ina centralised

database

Dog registratio inperipheral

(regional/local)database

Dog licensing Breeder licensing Other

Fre

qu

en

cy

Frequency of different methods used to estimate number of owned dogs

NA

No

Yes

The presence of stray dogs population is recognized as a problem in all countries

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Bites Zoonoses Noise Faeces Attacks tolivestock

Roadaccidents

Others

Fre

qu

en

cy

Frequency of issues related to stay dogs

NA

No

Yes

• The annual number of stray dog bites to humans is known in 5 countries • The annual number of road accidents is unknown by all countries

• The annual amount of compensation funds paid for injured people has been provided by 7 countries - ranging between 0 to 4.000 €

15130

45000

4500

13207

55000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Country 2 Country 3 Country 5 Country 7 Country 8

Annual number stray dogs bites to humans

• The estimation of the stray dog population is in place in 1 country

• The sources of stray dogs are identified in 2 countries - The owned dogs are the main source

• The counting activities are in place in only 1 country* in urban area and in another country** in urban & rural area - * In spring 2015, the number of stray dogs was counted and monitored

in the capital city

- ** annually

ACTORS RESPONSIBLE

OF STRAY DOG POP

Country 1 Country 2 Country 3 Country 4 Country 5 Country 6 Country 7

Country 8

Veterinary Authority

- - - X - - - -

Private veterinarians

- - - X - - - -

NGO - - - X - - - -

Dog owners - - - - - - - -

Other government

agencies

- - - - - - - X

Local government authorities

- - X - - X X X

Other - city and district

executive authorities,

and municipalities

- X - - X stray animals culling units at

city and district

improvement departments

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Re

gist

rati

on

an

d id

en

tifi

cati

on

Vac

cin

atio

n a

gain

st r

abie

s an

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the

rp

reve

nti

ve m

easu

res

agai

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zo

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oti

cd

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ses,

as

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e

Ve

teri

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y p

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res

(su

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res)

Co

ntr

ol o

f d

og

mo

vem

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t (n

atio

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an

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tern

atio

nal

)

Co

ntr

ol o

f d

ange

rou

s d

ogs

Re

gula

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ns

on

do

g b

reee

din

g an

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ale

of

do

gs

Envi

ron

men

tal c

on

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ls (

e.g

. ab

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oir

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ish

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ead

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ck f

acili

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Re

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ters

re

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isit

ies

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imal

we

lfar

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blig

atio

ns

of

ow

ne

rsan

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uth

ori

ties

Fre

qu

en

cy

Frequency of existing regulatory frameworks concerning dog population control related issues

No

Yes

ADEQUACY OF RESOURCES

Country 1 Country 2 Country 3 Country 4 Country 5 Country 6 Country 7 Country 8

Human resources 1 NA 2 5 3 1 3 3

Financial resources 1 NA 2 5 3 NA 1 4

Technical tools 1 NA 1 5 3 NA 2 4

Infrastructures 1 NA 2 5 3 NA 2 3

Cooperative activities NA 1 NA 5 4 2 1 4

Public-private-NGO partnerships

NA 1 NA 5 2 1 NA 3

Central-state partnerships NA 2 3 5 2 2 NA 5

Province-local partnerships NA 2 NA 5 2 2 2 5

Level of compliance for

Section I «Understanding the situation»

Full compliance for all countries

Section II «Control measures» • Dog population control programmes (DPCP) are in place in 4 countries,

always in accordance with the territorial situation related to the dog population

- Country 3: • At municipal level

- Country 4:

• At municipal level

• Veterinary Services coordinate the programmes

- Country 5:

• At national, regional and municipal level

• Veterinary Services coordinate the programmes

- Country 8

• At national level

• Other Governmental Agencies coordinate the programmes

What is a Dog Population Control Programme (DPCP)??

“a programme with the aim of reducing a stray dog population to a particular level and/or maintaining it at that level and/or

managing it in order to meet a predetermined objective”

TAHC Chap 7.7 (Article 7.7.3.) Dog population control programme objectives

• improve health and welfare of owned and stray dog population;

• reduce numbers of stray dogs to an acceptable level;

• promote responsible ownership;

• assist in the creation and maintenance of a rabies immune or rabies free dog population;

• reduce the risk of zoonotic diseases other than rabies;

• manage other risks to human health (e.g. parasites);

• prevent harm to the environment and other animals;

• prevent illegal trade and trafficking.

• Training program for personnel responsible for stray dog management is in place only in 3 countries

• Education and legislation for responsible ownership are implemented in 5 countries

- 3 countries -> only legislation

- 2 countries -> education and legislation

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Imp

ort

ance

of

pro

pe

r se

lect

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of

beh

avio

ur

and

car

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en

sure

th

ew

elfa

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og

and

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ffsp

rin

g

Re

gist

rati

on

an

d id

en

tifi

cati

on

of

do

gs(s

ee p

oin

t 2

of

Art

icle

7.7

.6)

Dis

ease

pre

ven

tio

n, i

n p

arti

cula

rzo

on

oti

c d

ise

ase

s (e

. g. t

hro

ugh

regu

lar

vacc

inat

ion

in r

abie

s e

nd

em

icar

eas)

Pre

ven

tin

g n

ega

tive

imp

acts

of

do

gso

n t

he

co

mm

un

ity

(via

po

lluti

on

e. g

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ois

e, b

itin

g, t

raff

icac

cid

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ts a

nd

ris

ks t

o o

ther

do

gs,

wild

life

, liv

est

ock

an

d o

the

rco

mp

anio

n a

nim

al s

pec

ies)

Do

g re

pro

du

ctio

n c

on

tro

l

Fre

qu

en

cy

Areas covered by education and/or legislation on responsible ownership

NA

Yes, only education

Yes, only legislation

Yes, in education and legislation

No

• Dog identification and registration (I&R) are a legal obligation in 3 countries

• Only Registration is foreseen in 4 countries

• In 1 country, I&R are not a legal obligation.

* Collar in Country 1 and chipping in Country 3

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Transponders foranimals approved

under ISO standards(i.e. as in Reg.

576/2013 )

Transponders foranimals not

approved under ISOstandards

Ear tag Tatoo Other* None

Fre

qu

en

cy

Dog identification methods

NA

Yes

No

• Registration and identification system in a centralised database is in place in 2 countries

• Registration and Identification system in a peripheral database is in place in 3 countries

• In 2 countries other systems are in place - Passport: Country 6

- Centralised database only in the capital city: Country 3

• Reproductive control for owned dogs is in place in 2 countries

• Surgical sterilization is in place for stray dogs in 3 countries - Country 5 in association with separation females on heat from males

• Dog removal is in pace in 7 countries except in Country 2

• Capture and return is in place in 3 countries

• Rehoming is in place in 2 countries

• Release in place (CNR approach) is implemented in 3 countries

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Site selection (access todrainage, water, electricity and

environmental factors)

Kennel size, design andoccupancy taking exercise

Disease control measuresincluding isolation and

quarantine facilities

Management procedures(water, food, hygiene, etc.)

Fre

qu

en

cy

Different provisions to be considered when building/installing a shelter in the different countries

NA

Yes

No

• Environmental control is in place in 6 countries - Country 2: The control is carried out by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural

Resources and the Ministry of Health (Hygiene and Epidemiology Center, municipalities)

- Country 3: Environmental control is in place in accordance with EU environmental Regulations (control of rubbish, dumps and abattoirs).

- Country 4: Environmental control is in place through the destruction of animal carcasses (combustion process).

- Country 5: Culling of stray dogs. Catching, sterilization and others

- Country 7: Environmental control is in place only in reserve, sanctuaries and national parks for wild animals

- Country 8: Environmental control is in place in accordance with EU environmental Regulations (control of rubbish, dumps and abattoirs).

• Dog movement control is in place in 7 countries except Country 6 - At international level in Country 2 and Country 7 (in compliance with

Chapter 8.11 of the OIE TAHC)

- At country level (e. g. leash laws, roaming restrictions) in Country 3 and Country 5

- At both levels in Country 1, Country 4, Country 8

• Regulation of commercial dog dealers is in place in 4 countries

- Veterinary care and disease control are regulated in 4 countries

- Breeders and dealers regular inspections, including veterinary inspections, are in place in 2 countries

• Reduction of dog bites is an objective of DPCPs in 7 countries (?)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Publicawareness/education

campaigns

Placing responsibilities onpet owners

Imposing penalties toirresponsible pet owners

Licensing for dangerousdogs

Fre

qu

en

cy

Methods implemented for reducing the incidence of dog bites

NA

Yes

No

• Euthanasia of stray dogs is permitted in 7 countries

- Chemical injection • Country 1 : Potassium Chloride

• Country 5 Curariform agents

• Country 7: Strong chemical drugs

- Mechanical • Country 5: culling

• Country 6: “biothermal hole”

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Agressivebehaviours

Serious orincurable disease

Risk of diseasetransmission to

humans

Animal welfarereasons

Expiring of a giventiming

Other

Fre

qu

en

cy

Reasons for stray dogs euthanasia

NA

Yes

No

• The estimated number of euthanized stray dogs varies significantly, from 250 to 308,207/year

All countries affirm that no methods, procedures and practices considered as unacceptable on animal welfare grounds - in accordance with article 7.7.6 point 11 (c) of

the OIE TAHC- are used

Level of compliance for

Section II “Control measures”

- Partially compliance for 7 countries

- Full compliance for 1 country

Section III «Monitoring and evaluation»

• Monitoring and evaluation of DPCP is in place in 3 countries - Country 8 and Country 4: monthly

- Country 5: annually

0

1

2

3

Improve performance byhighlighting both problens and

succesful elements of interventions

For accountability, to demostratethat the programme is achieving its

aims

Assuming methods arestandatdised, to compare the

success of strategies used in thedifferent locations and situations

fre

qu

en

cy

Reasons for monitoring and evaluation

Yes

No

0

1

2

3

Dog population size,separated into sub-

populations accordingto ownership and

restriction ofmovement

Dog welfare, in thetarget population

Prevalence of zoonoticdiseases, such as rabies,in both the animal and

human population

Responsible animalownership

Other

fre

qu

en

cy

Elements covered

NA

Yes

No

0

1

2

3

Feedback from the localcommunity (e. g. through the

use of structuredquestionnaires, focus groups

or "open format"consultation processes)

Records and opinionsobtained from relevant

professionals (e. g.veterinarians, medical

doctors, law enforcementagencies, educators)

Animal based measurements(e. g. direct observation

surveys of population sizeand welfare status)

Other

fre

qu

en

cy

Sources of information

NA

Yes

No

Level of compliance for

Section III “Monitoring and evaluation”

- Partially compliance for 7 countries

- Full compliance for 1 country

Stray dog population trend

observed over the last 3 years:

- Increased in 2 countries

- Stable in 3 countries

- Decreased in 2 countries

- No information from 1 country

CONCLUSIONS Space for improvement

Quality of data on stray dogs, stray dogs number is not estimated but the trend is anyway provided by some countries;

Strategic and national program to control stray dog population, a need to implement regulations on dog breeding and sale; control of dangerous dogs,

regulation for shelters requisite and spay/neutering programs;

Legal obligation for dog I&R, registration and identification are a legal obligation only in 3 countries;

Resources availability, in general, there is an issue with adequacy of resources;

Educational programs on responsible dog ownership.

Specific needs

To implement dog I&R + monitoring and evaluation of DPCP

To Involve international experts in the development of strategic and national DPCP

Thanks for your kind attention