'"

"t

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COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA

DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

RECORDS:

RECORD NO. 1968/2

0161&7

REGIONAL MAGNETIC SURVEYS IN AUSTRALIA. AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTICA.

AND ON SOME ISLANDS IN THE PACIFIC AND INDIAN OCEANS

DURING 1964

OlGId?

by

J. van der LINDEN

The information contain¢ in this report has been obtained by the Department of National Development, as part of the policy of the Common­wealth Government, to assist in the exploration and development of mineral '.' -resources. It may not be published in any form or used in a company prosPeetus without the permission in writing of the Director, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.

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RECORD NO. 196812

REGIONAL MAGNETIC SURVEYS IN

AUSTRALIA. AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTICA.

AND ON SOME ISLANDS IN THE

PACIFIC AND INDIAN OCEANS

DURING 1964

by

J. van der LINDEN

The information contained in this report has been obtained by the Department of National Development as part of the policy of the Commonwealth Government to assist in the exploration and development of mineral resources. It may not be published in any form or use in a company prospectus or statement without the permission in writing of the Director, Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.

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SUMMARY

1 • INTRODUCTION 1

2. ACCOUNT . OF SURVEYS 1

3. INSTRUMENTS ') .J

4. REDUCTION AND RESULTS 3

5· DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 4

6. RECOMMENDATIONS 5

7· REFERENCES '7

Table 1 • Station locations and magnetic values 8

.ILLUSTRATIONS

Plate 1. Locality map? Australia and surrounding oceans (Drawing G96~140)

Plat~ 2. -,

Plate 3.

Plate 4.

Plate 5.

Plate 6.

Plate 7.

Plate 8.

Locality map, Antarctica

Diurnal variation observations of Z and ice dome compared with Wilkes observatory (G364-36-1)

Declination contours, Tasmania 1965.0 (G96-143)

Declination values, Tasmania (G96-141)

Declination contours, New South Wales 1965.0 (G96-144)

Declination values, New South Wales (G96 .. 139)

Declination contours? Queensland 1965.0 (G96 .. 142)

Plate 9. Declination values 9 Queensland (G96-137)

Plate 10.' Declination values: Winton to Condamine, Queensland (G96-136)

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SUMMARY

This record describes all regional magnetic 'work done by the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geop~sics, during 1964. The surveys are part of' the-:.Bureau "s'''re'gional- magnetic' programme. Repeat readings' of three""elements "of' the Earth's magnetic field were made on islands' 'in""the" Pacific and I-ndian Oceans and at Davis and station S-2'near Wilkes 'in Australian Antarctica. The locations of the magnetic stations"'and' the'''measured 'values of the magnetic field are 'presented'''in''tabular'' form. '

Detailed magnetic' "declination'surveys 'were made in Tasmania, the eastern part of'New' South Wales, and the central western ,part of Queensland-. "These 'areas "are magnetically anomolous and presented problems in",the" compilation . of "the 'isogonic map of' Australia.. The contour maps resulting from' these surveys indicate that in all the surveyed areas "changes 'are" re'quiredt'o the" smoqt~ pattern of contours on"the"'isogonic 'map' 'ofAustralia.

Detailed magnetic declination surveys are classified as third-order magnetic surveys.' This' "type' of survey has been '

, proven, successful and covers a'large"area"in 'a' short 'time •

A systematic third-order survey of Australia, adding a QHM and a proton magnetometer to the survey equipment, is recommended. This would result in more accurate and detailed magnetic maps of Australia.

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1 • INTRODUCTION

This record describes all regional magnetic work carried out by the Bureau of Minerf:i.l Resources, Geology and Geophysics (BI>.ffi) during 1964.

Surveys conducted"werel

1. Re-occupation' of regional'--magnetic stations' on som~ islands"in the"Pacific and'Indian Ocean.

2. The re-occupation of the magnetic station at Davis and at· S-2near'Wilkes, and"measurement"of vertical intensity"near Wilkes, all in Australian Antarctica.

3., Detailed magnetic declination surveys "in" Tasf!l8.nia , New South'Wales,and 'Queensl~d.

'The surveys are a' continuation of a series of surveys made as part of the ElVffi' regional' magnetic 'programme. The results are included in the compilation'of"up"todate' maps' showingvaJ.ues 'an~ the rate of, secular variation of the components of the Earth's magnetic field. These maps are published at regular intervals. Previous work has been described ·by Pinn' (1'960), van'der"Linden" (1961, 1964', 1965), and van der Linden and Parkinson (1963).

Observations of three components, viz declination (D), horizontal intensity (H), and vertical intensity (Z) were made during exact re-occupations of six magnetic stations in the Pacific and Indian' Oceans, and the stations Davis and 5-2'i~'Australian"Antarctica. At 14 field magnetic stations near' Wilkes, 'Z was' measured'.'

Declination measurements"were'made at 1'31 stations in Tasmania? . 143 stations in New' S outh"Wales','" and at 284 stations in' Queensland. The stations were general'ly'about five miles apart along road traverses, but along a traverse' 'from- Condamine,·to Winton' in Queensland the stations were twenty-five miles apart. Locations of the' magnetic stations on the islands and of the declination traverses are shown in Plate 1. The locations 'of'-the'magnetic stations in Antarctic~ are shown in Plate 2.

2. ACCOUNT OF SURVEYS

Pacific a'nd Indian Oceans

The re-occupation survey"was made' from June to September 1964.by the author. Re-occupati.ons were made at Willis Island, Nauru, and Ocean Island in the Pacific Ocean and-at West Island, Direction Island;' and Christmas Islandin'the Indian Ocean.

General conditions and station locations have not altered since the previous surveys (van der Lind~n, 1964). Recent1y an irregular air service to Nauru from Sydney has been established by QANTAS Airways.

2.

Antarctica

L: Black, a BMR -geophysicist "returning from the geophysical-observatory at Mawson, occupied exactly 'the magnetic station at Davis for several days in March 19640 R. Whitworth~ who was engaged in seismic and gravity surveys near Wilkes, made repeat readings of D, H, and Z at station S-2 and measured Z at' 14 magnetic stations east of Wilkes.

Declination, surveys

" The author conducted the' survey in Tasmania',during , February 1964 and the surveys' in New South Wales and Qu~ensland during May and June 1964. The areas are' magnetically'disturbed'and presented problems in the compilation of the isogonic map of Australia. The declination, was measured with an Askania neclihbmeter~ the bearing of the sun being measured using the black glasstnirror on-'t"he"Askania base cirdle. The geographic coordinates"were',- scaled 'from'-4;-mile military maps. The same survey procedure was followed as in the 1962 declination survey (van der Linden, 1965a), but only one vehicle was used. ' An average of 15 stations was read each working day.

Tasmania

Traverses were along about aoo miles of principal roads? which resulted in a fair coverage of Tasmania withtheexception'of the uninhabitated south-westernparto'

, The greater part"of"Tasman±a" 'is'" composed , of igneous rock formations' (mainly dolorites'and basalts)"which'are very magnetic. As far as possible no readings ~were made near outcrops of such formations~ to avoid random 'local anomalies having no bearing on the regional patte.rn of magnetic declination.

New South Wales

Part of the area 'had- 'been' surveyed 'in 1963 : (van 'der Linden 1965b) and

l the results indicated, .. that' -the survey" had t'o'be 'extended"

towards the east. In 1964 readi"ngs'were-made"along the'Princes'Highway from"'Orbost to Port Macquarie~' where "the 1963 traverse was joined • ." Othet/connections to the 1963 survey were made through, traverses from Batemans Bay via Canberra to Wagga and from Sydney to Bathurst. The road,(traverses in 1964 totalled 1000 miles. ,

Queensland j' • :

'.' Declination measurements were tna,:d~ about 25' miles apart along '6'00 "\niles of road from Condamine to Winton. From'Winton measUfemerfts were made about 5' miles apart- along' 1500 miles of roads

J

connecting Winton via qloncurry to Camooweal, Camooweal via Urandangi and Glenormiston to Bo~lia, Boulia to Winton, Boulia via Dajarra to Cloncurry~ Dajarra to Urandangi, Cloncurry via Wurung to Julia Creek, and Julia. Creek to Cloncurryl~

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3. INSTRUMENTS

The following instruments were used on the surveys I

Survey Instruments

Correct iOIl Correction i

Correction D (minutes) H (ga~)/ z (gammas)

',-

Bauss I i·

Pacific and :ro.

Indian .. \! "

Oceans Ask 320 -1.3 QHM306 -26 BMZ211 +161

Declination Surveys Ask 320. -1.3 - -

Davis, Antarct-.-90 (Nov 64-ic Ask 329

\ -0.3 QJIM112 -110 BMZ115

¥, ,":' 'j!" Jan 65)

Near Wilkes, Antarctica QHM 493 ? QHM493 -1 at BMZ121 -90 (Nov 64-

Wilkes .ran 65) ./

\ -120.:'(March 65-\, April 65 , _. ______ L ... ____

-I.. -.~ ..

,All instruments w~re compared at Toolangi Magnetic Observatory before and after the surveys. The instrument corrections were derived by van der'Waal (1966).

4. REDUCTIONS AND RESULTS·

Pacific and Indian Oceans and Antarctica

For the 'Ocean' stations, diurnal variation corrections were made using data from Port Moresby Magnetic Observato~y. These data differ from those of Vestine et al (1941), but may be more accurate considering the large difference between geographic and magnetic latitude in this area.

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4.

No corrections for diurnal variation were applied to the Antarctic observations. However? R. Whitworth made observations of the diurnal variation of Z at the ice dome station at a distance of 75 miles from Wilkes Observatory. The results, of these (Plate 3) show' a close 'relation- to the'variations of Z at Wilkes.' Instrument corrections 'were- applied to al-l' observations.

The results are shown in Table 1, with preliminary values at BMR magnetic observatories in Antarctica •

.. Declination surveys

Because- t'he' noise caused by very local anomalies and inaccuracies of the 4-mile maps is larger than the diurnal variation (van der Linden~ 1965a) -no"c'orrection for it was, applied. 'The results'for e'ach 'area"are"presented'as follows:

1 • By"charts' showing-smoothed contours of the declination. The contour'-lines' are-smoothed to exclude~,random magnet'ic anomalies that are smaller th8.n'th~distance between stations. Each chart has an inset,of the same area as shown 'on the Isogonic Map of Aust~alia'1965.0' (vander Linden, 19650).

2. By graphs 'showing' the observed values along the traverses. The graphs are separated in blocks, each block covering a section'of the tra:verse that has a more 9r less constant direct ion. Included are values ~t",pi'ej\rious magnetic st~tionso All values are adjusted for secular variation to the epoch 1965.0. Dotted lines are' cross-sections of the contour charts and indicate the amount ofsmaothing applied.

Contour charts and' graphs for Tasmania are shown ift Plates 4 and 5. For New South Wales the results are shown in Plates, ~ and 7, where the 1963 results' are'also included. For Queensland the results are shown in Plates 8 and 9. In Plate 10, the traverse from Condamine to Winton, results 'are-s'hown together with a cross-section taken- from the values of the Isogonic Map of Australia 1965.0.

5. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

Islands survey and' Antarctica

The results of the repeat stations will be used in' assessing the'rate of' secular variation in combination with previous and future work • . \:.

The diurnal variation observations of Z at the ice dome 'station in Antarctica are interesting. Plate 3 shows that they were almost 'identical to the variations of Z 'at Wilkes Observatory, indicating that Wilkes data can be used during magnetically quiet days to reduce' observed values in the field up to a distance of at least 80 miles from the observatory.

1

.4,

a

,~.

5.

Detailed declination surveys'"

The insets taken from the 1965 Isogonic Map of Australia show that in each area; -the isogonics 'have to be altered to conform to the results of the more detailed surveys. This is not surprising as the 1965 isogonic'-map'was'produced' from values of stations 60 miles 'or'more"'allart';'-and--therefore'showed a very generalised picture.

In Queensland some of the local anomalies such as the one between Mount Isa and Cloncurry are remarkably well defined. They could be caused by deep rock bodies apparently polarised to form a large magnetic dipole.

as follows.

6. RECOMMENDATIONS L "

Regi'onal' ·-magne·t·ic· surveys in Australia· are classified

1. First-order' surveys. These were initiated in 1962, when a network of 25 stations about 500 ~les apart

. was made. By the end of 1966 the spacing'- was decreased to 300 miles and 47 stations were establi'~hed, '~this included-the"reoccupation of 30 stations read during 1962 and' 1963.

A high accuracy is aimed at, observation~ being extended over two days or more. In future sdryeys ',a portable magnetograph will be set up near the. f'ii'st­orderstatiorrto record the dai lyvari at ion.

The purpose of the first-order surveys is to provide accurate data on the secular variation. These will be used to adjust the values of second and third-order stations to a given epoch.

2. Second-order surveys. The beginning was made in 1911 by the Department of Terrestial Magnetism (D.T.M.) of the"Carnegie Institute, Washington, USA •. By the end of 1917 the country had been covered by dV~r' 500 stations. Apart from a repeat survey in 1936-38, ttt~!fiast: survey in Australia by the D.T.M. was made in 19'23:" ".

Some work was done by the Adelaide Observi1tory{1914-1939) mainly in the area around the St Vincente Gulf in South Australia.

" I.·

The North Australia Survey and the Minerai Resources Survey did limited work from 1936.

Its successor, the BMR, carried out work at an increasing rate since 1952, resulting in a network' of about 1000 stations fairly regularly spaced about 60 miles apart. The occupation of eacn station takes generally one day.

6.

The second-order 'stations have formed the:basis of all published regional magnetic maps of Australia.

3. Third-order' surve.Y,s. These were introd~ced in 1962 and in such surveys stations were read 5 miles apart along road traverses. A quick method, ()f observing is used (so far for declination only) and an average of 1,5 stations is read per day. About 1000 third70rder stations have been measured in- areas where a better assessment of the position of the isogonics was required.

The present situation is:

a. The basis of the regional magnetic maps! are' second­order data, many of them derived from old observations (5010 pre-1911)1 made with comparativelY'iIiaccurate instruments-and'extrapolated to the present using uncertain secular variation values.

b. The first-order stations' will provide good" secular "variation control.

c. The third-order stations have already showri that resul ts based on wider spaced (second .. order) stations can be misleading (Plate 4 is an excellent ;.example).

Therefore instead of continuing to use the second~order data for compilation ofregi:onal magnetic maps of Australia:a, re-survey of Australia' is recommended. ' This survey should be classified as a third-order survey. Using rapidlyread 1 accurate instruments such as

'the Q,HM for horizontal intensity, a portable'proton precession magnet­ometer for total intensity, and a Wilde compass theodolite' for declination, ten stations c~ be read a day at distances often miles

, along traverses not more than fifty miles, apart.

The result of such a project would be accurhte, recent, and more detailed magnetic maps of Australia. The continuing first-order surveys will provide the data to adjust these maps to the required epochs.

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To achieve the total coverage of Australia, 1f30,survey­weeks will be necessary for a field party consisting of ~W9,~P three men. This means a survey lasting up to nine years for one field party wqrking' during ,the' normal field season. The time, "of course, can be'reduced by'employing more small field parties.

All field results can be computed using E.D.P. methods, which 'can also be applied for the final contouring.

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PINN, J.D.

van ~er LINDEN, J.

van der LINDEN, J.

van der LINDEN, J.

van der LINDEN, J.

van der LINDEN, J.

van der LINDEN,J. and

5. REFERENCES

1960 Field magneticobserv&tions, Antarctica. Bur.Min.Resour.Aust.

, ,_"Rep ~_,,5J.~,.__ .. '. _ '

1961 Regional magnetic survey' of Queensland and New'South Wales, 1960.

1965a

- Bur.Min.Resour.Aust.Rec. 1961/10. ,",' .

" Regional ,magnetic stations on some . r1 '.' .

islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, 1951 and 1959. !ur.Min.Resour.Aust.Rec~ 1964/41.

,',\ .

R~g:i.on/:!.l: magnetic surveys in Australia, Ai."tra:iian Antarctica and,'the ,+,erritory 9f.Papua -and New Guinea d~ing 1962. lur.Min.Resour.Aust. Rec. 1.965/20. " ". . ..

1965b' 'Re'g:i:onalmagnetic surveys, in Australia, Australian Antarctica, and the Territory of Papua and New Guinea qpring 1963. Bur.Min.Resour.Aust.Rec. 1965/218.

1965c Isogonic map of Australia and New: Guinea for the epoch 1965.0. Bur.Min.Resour.Aust.Rep. 98.

PARKINSON, W.D. 1963 Regional magnetic surveys in Australia and Australian Antarctica, 1960-1961. Bur.Min.Resour.Aust.Rec. 0'196.5/61.

van der WALL, C.A. 1966

VESTINE, E.H. LAPORTE, 1941 LANGE, I, COOPER, C, and HENDRIX, W. C •

I

Determination of instrument COrrections for absolute and semi-absolute magnetic instruments. Bur.Min.Resour.Aust.Rec. 1966/207.

Description of the Earth's main magnetic field and its secular c~ange, 1905-1945. Publ. Carnegie Instn. 578.

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TABLE 1 - ,

S' .... r1MA:rmprTI-nlQN--LOCA'TIONS AND-MAGNETIC -VALUES

A. PACIFIC AND'fINDi~ OCEANS 1964

.1-

Station

I Nauru (R) i

Elev-ation

(metres) !

South Lati­tude

East Longi­tud~

00 166° "'-~3_~}' ! 55.2'

Ocean Island

5 ' 0° II 169~: ! 50.9 1

, 32.0' I T-".~:,- '; i

Christmas! 15"""'-"'~~"_ 100 I 105°, j"-"" ,'t I

Island i 25 •. 1 .,.:, .. 40.6 1

Direction Island

West Island

Willis Island

)

; ,

3

2

3

12° 1

06.1' l

120 i 12.2' I

'0 16c, 17 .8'

Date 1964

26,July , .

I .. .:: July I

....... , .. _ l

j 2 Sept I

!

D

"~ 0 +9 25.81:

+9° 25·1'

+0° 40.1'

H Z

( gammas) ( gammas I

35284 -6885

-5879

I

_11° 02.5 1

_90

21...3'

-30120 _400

42.2' i

24, 25 I _20 33323 -33473 _45 0

'''"''' I

F

, " (gammas)

35950

,16170

4~185

47235 ···"S€pt I 45· 2 ' I 07, • 6 '

' 't.".,., I 22, 23 -'1""'~~20 I 33005 I -33326 -45° . ~_'<:4?900

, . Sept I 53·~q,~_t r, ! . 16.6' i •

15 June I +7° j '34401 .'11 -32202 _43° I 30.8'\ , 06.5' 47120

L , .

CD •

C ••

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B. AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTICA

Station Elev- South East ation Lati- Longi-

(metres) ude tude

S-2 (R) 1156 660 , 11.20

- 30' 12' - -

S-2 (R) 1156 ,

--

Icedome A ,1370 660 1120

45.5' 49' ..... - .

Ice dome A 1370 (M)

Ice dome B 1365 '660 1120

46' 51.5' . -

Ice dome C 1360 . 660 1120

46.5 1 53'

i A 00 560 66 0 111 0 ,

30' 06' i I . -

A 10 460 660 111 0

38' 06 1

A 20 240 660 111 0

, 47' 06 1

Date f D 1964

17 1040

March 32.0'W*

3 Febr 920

'65 17.3'W*

6 Apr

26 Apr , r

10 Apr I

:

6 Apr- ,

24>Nbv ! I

26 Nov I

30 Nov

-

I I

-H Z , I I

I gammas (gammas)

8233 -64392

8182 -64300

I -65226 I I I , -65190 I I -65070

-65050

-65312

-65032

, , -65100 I I I s·····

I

_820

42.8'

_82 0

44.9'

-. , .. 0

..

F

(gammas)

64916

64818

'-0 •

Station Elev- South at ion Lati-

(metres) tude

B 00 840 66° 30'

B 10 730 66° 38' - ,

B 20 610 66° 47'

B 30 560 66° 55'

C 00 1010 66° 30'

c 10 980 66° 38" l ,~' "

C 20 950 660 47'

C31 900 66° 56'

Davis (R,M) 68° 34.6'

Macqu~ie 8 54° Island.:' (b) 30' Wilkes (0) 10

c'O 96 15'

Mawson (0) 67° 36'

R = Repeat station o = Magnetic observatory

"', .

East Longi-tude

111 ° 28' 111 ° 2E3 ' 11:1 ° 29' 11.1° 28' ~ ,! j °

.. 11,1 59' -,'; ~~ 0 1<1:1 $f 11'1° ~q'

··1'i:1 ° 5Q' :'~iO

71 58'

,-

< ~o 158

57.' " '~O

119 35' 62°

·,5.3'

Date D H 1964

(gammas)

12 Dec

5 Dec

1 Dec

3 Dec

15 Dec

22 Dec

24 Dec

13 Jan '65

29 Febr 14° 16618 to 42.5'W

2 March " '

1964.0

1964.0 I

1964.0

1260 13183 11·5'E

85° 9230 42.7 'W

60° 18356 51. 7'W

* douotful value M= mean of day

Z I F,

(gammas) (gammas)

-65312

-65040

-64921

-64909 l -64451 1

-64721 I ~

o •

-64665

-65168 1 \

-54268 -72 ° , 56750 24.8' 65750

-64298 _78° 65636 24.8'

-64827 _81 0 654tH 53.8'

-48510 _69 0 51530

16.4'

lLU .kG,: An. iU,Yk4 ,L'J 2$ , < # ,%;:;eq at J$$,#i;t';¥~~&i#,JL; •. Le.u;eA?LJ:;cif~~!!-,

~ ~ i

8°Sr;---------­I

~.

1- .;; Direction Island ~ ... West Island i

. __ ._---+-i r

i

: Christmas Island

16°5 ------­!

.----.... -------~ .. ---------.r-- .---

~

I I I r

----+-------.. _----- -- ___ ..0-- _________ _

, ,

----+

I t-

I

:', ~I

1440 E - - ,-------1

~ ..

PLATE --I 1'- --:----, -:- r- --r--- '~-I--;-'--T- --r-------r-- --r- T-----------r---r-i

168°W ---;--r---r--,----,--T --,----r ... -r-,-- .. :---,--,--,- ·-j-··,··-...,--·,--,--r·-T- ',--, 0°

I N;uru 1 ~ Ocean Island \

I I , ~.

I i I , '

----+-~-.---+-----.--~~----.--.--

I !

0'<;) ~ "':I , I

---J~---·'~_\-t,;1 --fl ---!!I Port Mo~esliy ',,,,,,- ~ -~'.'",>""'" ~, l ~~~~ ~

-----t I T----·-· I

i I

! 1

!

, '----.11

1 ~ ~

--.--~

l \' ~r<

.. -·--·--~·-------I: Willisl-S-Ia-n-d--+-

i .j

I . r--- -.-.---~--------~-~.---.--:-. --------,- ..... - -----116°S

I '"0''' I ' .----.. --.--... -------. t-··-·~------

I ----.. ,,-- .-t----.. ~---.-.. I !

.~ -;-~-­

~~ .. ~

<l ~.

! ..

-------_. -.-~' ---_. ------

"

_ .. ----+- .. _ .... _._._ .... ----+----.--.--~.----. -

l ~

. - .. _--- ·---~---r---·-· .. ...... "'- ---------+----------+-_ ... _._-- .... ---_ .. _._-_.- ....... + ..... __ ... _ .. _ .. -.. I i

- --.. -- -----~~

;

.. __ ._---_ .... __ ~I i

I "--._-------I I

~ I

GeophySlcol Branch, Burrou at M"'Ierai R~~ourc~s, Gt>ology arid GtlOphrSICS

480S L-.L __ --.l_~_ J ____ j I~, __ ~_. 960 E I02°[

(Based on G20-14)

_;-~r, I I , __ ,1" I

.j---------------l-------, ...... ---t- ----J'f·-··-·-·····--r-·----·-···--I

.. _ . _______ 1.....-___ . ______ . - .. _- - ... ----~ _._----+--_.

----t.--.------.. -. I

. -'-- ----~--r-------·

-'-'-----'---'---'-' ... ----1----· .---r---- -.--------;-----

i I

L __ ~ J~ .. '. ,~L_'.i ~ __ ---L--~--.-----L..-_._L. .-L ___ L. ___ ~ __ _

1320E 13BoE 144°E .l .. _.l __ J

1560 E

.. -.--;-.... _._-_ ....

--+~- ----~-~,--------

-'- __ ....L ___ ~_

LEGEND

: Magnetic station (reoccupied)

iii Observatories

--../ Declination traverse 19641 I

.. - .. / Declination traverse 1965 i

I I

i I I

i 1

I ' I I

I I : -----·i-----------i·-·----------1 4 00S

I : : I : I I ~

TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No, 1968/2 G96-140

CD

~ <1> 0-

o :J

C> N C'> lJ' I

<D C'>

-i 0

J> 0 0 0 ;::

" J> Z -< :0 IT1 0 0 :0 0

Z 0

iii g: '-'"

o ,,0

IV

,I> ",0

~ OJ

MILES 100 a !i00 1000

tU-'.-""_L-_ _ --'I __ '_-_-_-:. __ ~ =---=-= . .:: ...... ::.:-::=l __

/ LEGEND \\

• Field Mugnetic Observation 1959-1963

@ Field Magnetic Observation 1964 ./

[!J Magnetic Observatory ./

-"

./

Field Magnetic Station reoccupied 1964

I

/

" /

,/

./

, DRONNING

AUSTRALIAN OBSERVATORIES AND I I /

FIELD MAGNETIC STATIONS IN ANTARCTICA

____ --\-1-------t1~~64

09,

"

\

\ \

\

\

65,200

65,150 64,850

w 65,100 64,800 :::!; o o

w u

65,050 64,750

65,000 64,700

64,650

, \ \ \ \ \

\ \

'x... ...................................... .....

2300

--"" ...... "-

0000

"­..... 'X

"-"­')t---

PLATE 3

0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700 0800 0900 1000 1100

DIURNAL VARIATION OBSERVATIONS OF Z AT ICE DOME COMPARED WITH WILKES OBSERVATORY

AUTUMN TRAVERSE 1964

Distance, Wilkes to ice dome is opprox_ 75 miles

,:i-lI'''/ ICE DOME OBSERVATIONS, NO INSTRUMENT CORRECTIONS APPLIED

0---0 WILKES OBSERVATORY VALUES AT

THE SAME INSTANT

TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No. 1968/2 G 364-36-1

0 v

1450

40°::t ·I.o~;;+KING

"'\ B ~s 4RSHAPE

Ui en CIl ......

'"

G> U> m I

~ 01

o <T ::t

o ,,() \

/0'05°

5

INSET FROM 1965·0 ISOGONIC MAP OF AUSTRALIA

BASEDON K55/BO-3

{s T

146 0

I

I R'A

I

I -305 BdRNTC

/

CAVESIDE

• 0 509

/.?·s~o

0 en !400

ISLAND

I 0

235 234 1

o 0 0 0 232

'~Ob0230 240 0 231 o 0

242 0 .

LAUNCESTON !

T. HELENS

~ 0 - - ~- ~------- 43

__ ~ ______________ ~ ______________ ~~ _______ ~ _____________________ L __ ~n-______________________ ~440

146 0 147 0 148°

DECLINATION CONTOUR MAP 1965·0

TASMANIA

SCALE IN MILES

400 ~0 ___ .3.0 ___ 33~ 40 ~~O 400

44° ~-:.===:..=.:~--===:. 44°

MERCATOR PROJECTION

LEGEND

1st order station .1962 2nd order stations 1952 and 1958 3rd order stations 1964 Towns, Cities. Declination contours 1965·0

° a> <T

, , , " '" 319 315 310 305 301 101 105 107 242 240 235 230 228

I~oo r;T~'-"--~-'~"-r~TT-;--;T,,-r~TT~-';T,,~~TT~-'rT~~~-,,,-rrT-'~--T7,,-r,,-,~-rTT~--~TT,,

! I i I', Ii, ' I' I I' I ~ I i j , i : i ,i I • I i Ill. I i J i. I ! j' :, II ., II ~(i5i~ i : I ! i I Ii' I II " I :, , I I, ,'.' t, I I, ' i' " I' I '.' I "1 '11 'I'· '. t' .. ", I I i I I I :,': I ' I, ! • I' : I, ,+ i' " ., I' f i ' " l! " '" I f+ r" .. -, !··I+ ,,--'" 1-+, + -+1' T ' ... 1,' .. [' . + . "+.', T' + ,···tt,· '.4,";".','·1" ··t, r,",' "1' -1".1' I .' .. i·.·.i+ .. +'· .. · . .+······ ·IL., ... : - '1'.1.1 •.

i, j :,:1" 'I'T '1 . 111 "1 1 .•. ," 1 "I'l 't, : ""1". I' .... 11 I. I I I ',1 f.il i ·Ii . I" • ., ! : '11 i 14000'1-+"..,I..,I++I-+I-I-'-I+·+I··+-··,...·+-f+-. H-1-!'++!-++ 1+ I' +'+-1 +-+-+-+-H-1,-+.++++++++-+-i+-+-+-I-!;...,:++:-+++i +~. ,...:+-I' ;...i H-1",-,'I ... :-t' +1+, +\++-+-:+-II+-IH" H' ++:++..c:+ I' ++-1 t-.,-: +-+-1 HI

! j J)'jtl1llt till!· iL,'I: if: ;!i;1 ;:: .. :l;rlr;l[II~· ! ·t·, I ·'t Ht++. j .··t '11f I+t i' -I-:r++-::~. "l'" I; 'j' ..•. j!-' tt, ::'T'~ b'

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l~o~lttti1~tt~~~ti~~ttii~~ti~~tt+i~ttti~~tt~~~t+14~tt~~ltttii~t+tii=~tt+l~=triil~ttl1~ ~ il'I' l.··. ;+ .t. I t,'-. .. r . I ... 'f't+ f-""-! 'I Jl .. 1, ['I j ......! j +1 '1"'+ t'l r :." .j..... . ... ....Jj ~ . 1'1 6 _1'1' : 'i .1,,' ; .l l. 0·: 1 I' " I .1"11-· . ,. . I· I I I • . .. ,.,

~ : .iL· ~t . :i[+ r1+--·hHHi-+· . +.1-'+I~.LI •. +-.h. H' ++t+' 'Tj"'lH' .. "1;' t l'1 rl'~!HI"fi t~li: ... : . PI' 1-~ tt--.;I : Izooo'k.~.~.--+:+J.11+:+-iU.W44~+fi+.+·+-.j::.~W· 4·l4.··+t·:;:;t.·t+"'~;--+·· 41'j+,ljt.j::j::.:~j: i~1.1it++:t. +tJhj4···r+J.JI j I 'iWrl-itll;,:.!1 H ; 11;' L;I··f ~ 'j ....1. 'j- - .. '. -f ~ j II' I .. , 'I , , . ; f . ·c ,. ., t, 'I [' .1 t I ' ·t+++i-+i +++ !'ii ' ... .[ j • " -: Tt .. T·':ti:! t '. I :). Ii I ;.

,I ,1.1" _.. i""I"'. i': ..................... T! .. -" I' I i I I I. t I' . ii' 1 , .' )'1 I"

11°00' I-!-i" !-I +++-'+-'+-'+'+'+' '++'+"+:+++++++-1' -;' 1+1+·!-·H·+-·.j-..-+++·+·+·++++++...;I+-I-;I-;lf-II+·'-t--'· ;...: 1-1 +-' t-l _. +-! +-i +-'+'+,'+-'+! ++;++i ++-,-,+'1"-+1+1-+-" ··'-;I..J:-;II+I+._I!-, Hit-'+-il -'4:

l·jit··. t... jl+···H····i-!!+· +++·· .. J..I·+ -+ .••.. ~J I~!!tl! ,. i j il

" tl~H' .·UI1 · :) rp -~ go ~_ ~ _ _ 'H ~ 10. +++++-.+-.+.-+ .. 1.1++1'- t- ~ QT -" -<- ~ -w-i -:~ ; ~- &.H-i ~ ~ rej . . II t ,g .. ··1··· ... .., '1. .. i I [','. : ~ '1·\'. . ~ g 11 i , :I: '" .. r+ .'. iii' .,. ,-', ~·I· ,. '1, "" ! ; 'I! ,u I I . . ~. i ~ '1- '"'\:" _. I "1'--1 - T .- I 1- - ii, I i-I; I J I j; ...,J T "I" -

12"00'

, I " , ' , AI A5 A8 124 120501 505 509 104 101

I I I I I I I I I I I r I I I I I r I r I I I 201 205 210 215 220 225 228

r-----r-~_,--~~--r_~,,---r----~-,---r----,-----,----r~--~~----r_~--r_--_.I~~o· I 1 'ii f : ! " i L : ! ': i

I :! ! ; : :: i :! l I ' ; i: ' I ~ I i ! 1 : i :!: : I ' i !

:!' :1' .'.:, ..• j i I·i 'Ii j ';, 1,.1"11' .,," '11'i, !' .. :1·1 , I i 0:' I ! . 0 [ .: . ·~.·:i II' Ii 1 Iii i 1 'II'" 'i '."': I t 11~ ! j ! ~ ! I, i :: I' iii i 'I I -'! 1 !' 0 __ : 1;..+++

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0

00.

-,. h'!I' I' - :. Til il iT' 'II' ;', I '( V" tQj T':+I '1;'1' fl 1:-:- 1"11' ....... ; .. i .~... -:-T , I I I' !: II ,I 'I I : ! ll;, . Ii!: I : I t-.I,; I: .. ! I : 't' ! i i • ! : :; I I I '! ~1 ," I ,!, , ;N. i'" i'! : i ! I , 13"00'

.~i)IJ!.t, il't;.l,~,i1111J 4!11~J'd ::,1 ilT '1n~rr~ ill:1 I ~ ,I -r--------~ - -----I-I-,-+---+-T f-----t---"-f ' : I I : t f--T-r----t +- -:---H- -- -->--1 __

t I j ., :, j). j ! T ,! , ' j j • , i, •. I . ! Ti fl' , I, . L.I ,I I

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f-++,+I-++'+to¥YH-'H+i-+'t-'-+t'--i'_IH-I t' -+'+i 11_'4' -.'~' --' -1-+'..,;'-" ';+' hi -t','-'H-H'-t·j --i-f-+' H+i-',...·· +-1 H'+i-'--i-i -+-:'+'''''·HI2000'

!:' ,. !f-(I j., iLl! i :, Ii lllllj ".,11 i.ii, 11.111[\illll!,.il II I I l;j , , I I 'I I , I' , l' ! . I r l' I . ,~I ., I t I ·1:+: I , , i I V, HI" ' 'I" "[,, , ' , ,J i j f ii' I' I I .. I' '" I

_J ntl'l I ~ - ~ ;..!.,j i l' ]I!'; 1 11 '.1, . 'Tnll 1 ! tl j II f. tl~:. il1

l·!·t·t"j nn , " I': j , iii. ' . i : ii' ,i ," j I " , Ii', I ! ! l i 1- ~ !!' iii I' I _Li:- ' I! : 1 iii 1 ! I 'I ; f i i: I T 1 ; 1 11000'

iHi,ll; ~; i!i i'ljf'i 11~:il J1i ii, I ii ii I :1'11'111

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101 I 105 110' I 115 I~O' 124

I. i

14~0'

12~0'

3~1 401' 40~ , 410 ' "~'5' I "420

DECLINATION SURVEY TASMANIA

VALUES OF MAGNETIC DECLINAhoN FOR , 1965 AS MEASURED ALONG ROAD ,TRAVERSES

I

Nota: Distances between stations are not ~ scale

o

• ., 0-liO

LEGEN D

profil. tok.n from Plat. 4 ,I

3rd order station }, 2nd order ltalion 19~5 and 1958 ~alues adjusted to 1965·0 1st order station :

SIatl"" Number I ,

TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No. 1969/2 696 - 141

PLATE 6 o o to

" 29 0-,....--------

1490 I~Oo 151 0 rr> --~-----~,------------T~----------------------~r-------~~------------~~-----.-----y--------~~~--------------------~~290

WALGETT

3 10 f-------------

EUABA LONG

34 0 f---~'-----:, .,,;~ .;

o to ~

BENALLA

j

•

L 1BURY

I _.-Y

BAIRNSDALE • ,0

L' ____ ~ __________ -L~C_ __ L__

147 0

® 1., order station

• 2nd order station

o 3rd order slo tion

o ;;-/o·o~ ---.::

Anomalous station (value differs more

than !O'2° from contour)

Towns,cities

Declination contours (19650 value)

0415

o

GOULBURN •

\ I -..../

TENTERFIELD

---~3QO

\. \

-----t------------------------~ 340

""·~r"U .. """". ~ .. -I

__ j-__ ~L---~~~--~~~~-------------------------+------------------------~35°

o 0 0

• '" .. •

'" ..,

/ " -----4tol'TC/OSlie I I ,

SYDNEY ,

7/~ .[J;O--L

7-

~ I I /

~--'- .. - .. .[J; 0

,c. ~

I "

'1'/-' ~ ~L _ I. ~_ .. --.: 58.

INSET FROM 1965·0 ISOGONIC MAP OF AUSTRALIA

o

'" .,

______________________ ~~----------------------1-----------------------~38° 151 0 152 0 o

'" "'

ME RC A TOR PROJECTION

300 I-----~-__t ---.-----+--------+------+------t 30° _... +- .. --+------ --." .t--------.-.....f

_ -+-- -.--+----------+--- 34· 1--- - 4- .- - • -- +,.-.~- -- ----+ '" ------l

38° c·--- -+.- +._. t --- -+ ---------138° o 10 20 30 40 50

MILES

NSW -VICTORIA

DECLINATION CONTOURS, 1965·0

Results of detalleu survey not ,ncluded

TO ACCOMPANV RECORO h<>. 1968/2 G96-144

, 240 Li ____ _

o (I)

'"

ICHMOND

•

o

" "

• o

-----­_6-0 __ -----

INSET FROM 1965-0 ISOGONIC MAP OF AUSTRALIA

1st order station

2 nd order station

3rd order station

Anoma lous statio n (va lue di ffers more

than :!:0-2° from contour)

Declination contour (1965-0 volue)

QUEENSLAND

DECLINATION CONTOURS 1965-0

MERCATOR PROJECTION

I I I -+------------+----------- 0

24° I------+-----+-----+-~.---+----< 24

o 10 20 30 40 50

·~~---~-1~-----~------------~~---------------~0 240 143

0 "

MILES

"

TO ACCOMPANY RECORD f\,o I 12

PLATE 8

G 96 -142

e"oo'r-~----.~-----r------'------'-------'--------r-+----.-------''--------,-------,------,--, 8°00'

'I I I I I,

I I 0

I l"" """'" "" __ 10 Q.:-~ "'~ ~®-I ,0 -1- 00'

o l 0 0 Q,..o-crOi i olo--o-- - -t- ! h-I 00 ~ •

o~ : ": : -0 I .. . I

7°00' 10 IrQ.. " " -Y '" I 0,

6 0'0 I I t

I I

, j , 0

7"00 '-- .. -::~~.:- -- -,"-- --- -0' -"--. ,-- -

o

J

"7j­

B~'r---------r--------'r--------.---------.---------'---------'~~-------'---------. 8°00' 1--.----------.----------.---------.------,8"00' , .~,_. .l

o

; ! , , --...... --':..-"---'1'"-'-:- -r-'--"-'----"- .-"'~-,---

.. ;" J : ill !;

: 1 ' i '-i t i , i"

I

1 I

o 0

~ ~

.. _._-- -.--. 3

-, _ .0.. _ -I- - - .2 -0 ~ '"Q-Q-o-o- 'r"C)() 0

0"

" ""'- ---." ""--"

301 117

I 518

,

,,"

5°er' --------- --""-

425 614

o ~ ~~ __ ~- 10 --0.

1 0 -" 0--- - -- - -- - .-

o

""'" I" -" "

610 605 601 218

110 105

225 230 235

DECLINATION SURVEY JUEENSLAND 1964

VALUES OF MAGNETI: DECLINATION AS MEASURED ALONG ROAD TRAVERSES

Note: Distances between stations a prox. 5 miles but not to scole

LE G END

o

• @ -, 120

profile token from Plote 8 I

3rd order station } 2 nd order station va~ues adjusted to

I st order station I

Station Number

1965"0

TO ACCOPlilPANYRECORD No. 1968!Z

PLATE 9

101

G96-137

~ i::: ~ .... -..I

~ 10.. It)

~

PLATE 10 i

IOOOO'~----------r-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------,-----------__ -----------------------------------,----------~----------_:----------------------__ -----------------------------------;-----------,100 00'

9°00'

8°00'

f--------.,-------------------------------- ..... -.. ---.--------,----

- '­__ 0 ....... -r • •

--• ---

o _cD

Kel----------.'.r--_=.----"--+--------~----- --------.-------t-. -.--... ----, _ ... " .. -.. _.

c o co ~

2

.s;; 0 c ... ... 0'> C

.3 3

" ...: U

~ m

4 5 6 7

o

--- - ---<> l--

.---------.--------~---------_---------~---------~-------~--------~--------~~--------~~----------~---_=~--~---~----------·--~----------t--------~9000' :'.. -> , •• _! . '.' •. -.,~-.. :-: t ~: ~ ~ .. -- --.

-

8

... -~-;.......:~r::

----~l···· . 1 . o ___ - .-- ) I

o

o ~, .... ....-I - ---

-~ 1 ---.-----------------~------------------~----------4_-----------------:-_.-.-.-.-.-... ~----------~,----------~---------------------------------T---

... _. ______ ., ____ . _______ . ______ --c __________ _

~ q;

c .s;; ... -0 > C' 5 ~ . <t ~

9 10 " 12 13

o 3rd Order SIatiOn}

• 2nd Order slolion Volues adjusted to 1965·0

• I sf Order sfofion

Protile of declinotion laken from 1965·0 isogonic mop

Station Number

14

l l'

t t •.

~ --,.

15 16

c E o

.0:

17

DECLINATION SURVEY, QUEENSLAND 1964

18

'" c -E o .., c o

U

19

-,-12 VALUES OF MAGNETIC DECLINATION AS MEASURED ALONG WINTON-CONDAMINE ROAD

NOTE I Distances between stations approximately 25 miles but not to scale

TO ACCOMPANY RECORD No, 1968/2 G96 -136