Regents ReviewMonday & Tuesday—Day 1 & 2

Enter Practice Regents MC onto ScantronReview Constitution

Review top 15 most missed questions on Jan Regents

Constitutional Convention• 3/5 Compromise

– How to count slaves? Each slave counts as 3/5 of person• Great Compromise

– How to balance power between big states and small states? Senate= all states are equally represented; House= representation is based on population

• Federalist v. Anti-Federalist– Federalist: for a strong CENTRAL (FEDERAL) gov– Anti-Federalist: for a strong STATE gov

• Bill of Rights– Anti-federalist would only support Constitution if it included a Bill of Rights

(the first 10 amendments) limiting the power of fed gov and protecting rights of ppl

• Unwritten Constitution– Judicial review– President’s cabinet of advisers

The Constitution—Its Alive!

Federal Government

Executive Branch:Executes the lawsPres/VP/Cabinet

Legislative Branch:

1. Senate + House = Congress

2. Makes the laws

Judicial Branch:Supreme CourtInterprets the lawJudicial review

Checks and Balances:• Senate President: approves/reject treaties• Pres congress: veto bill• Congress Press: override veto• Judicial Branch Pres & Congress: Judicial Review

Federalism:• Divides power between the state and federal governments• Delegated powers: powers for the federal gov ONLY• Reserved powers: powers for the state gov ONLY• Concurrent Powers: SHAREDIndividual Liberties

1st: speech, religion, press, assembly 5th-7th : rights of accused2nd: Arms 14th: = protection under law4th: Privacy

Reserved Powers Clause v. Elastic Clause10th amendment Necessary & Proper clauseStates rights stretches power of fed gov

Regents Review

Wednesday: Day 3Causes/Effects of the Civil War

Review HW questions on Constitution

Causes of the Civil War

WestwardExpansion

• LA Purchase, Mex Cession, Texas

• MO Compromise• Compromise of 1850• Kansas Neb Act of 1854• Completion of Trans-RR

Slavery&

Sectionalism

• Abolition movement in North

• Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

• Harper’s Ferry• Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Election of 1860

• Election of Lincoln w/o a single Southern electoral vote!

• SC secedes

Effects of the Civil War

South Surrenders at the Court House at

Appomatox

Presidential Reconstruction:13th Amendment: abolish Slavery10% PlanJohnson Lenient on South, allowed passage of Black Codes

Impeachment of President

Andrew Johnson

Congressional/Radical Reconstruction:13, 14, 15 amendments50% PlanHarsh passage of Recon Act of 1867, divided south into 5 military districtsRise of KKK

Election of 1876/Compromise of 1877:Tie between Hayes (R) and Tilden (D)House struck a compromise: Hays becomes presidentReconstruction Ends Jim Crow Laws in South

Regents Review

Thursday: Day 4Review Key Court Cases

Review HW questions on Civil WarCourt Case Bingo!

Key Court Cases 1803-1944Date Name of Case Why Decision is Important

1803 Marbury v. Madison Established power of the Court to check validity of laws

1857 Dred Scott v. Sanford Reinforced slavery, stated that Slaves and AA do not have civil rights

1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Established validity of segregation for next 60 years!

1919 Schenck v. United States Established right of government to limit civil rights during times of war

1944 Korematsu v. united States Expanded Pres power during wartime, limited rights of minorities during war time

Key Court Cases 1954-1966Date Name of Case Why Decision is Important

1954 Brown v. Board of Education

Struck down Plessy case, claiming that separate is never =, segregation in schools=unconstitutional!

1961 Mapp v. Ohio Criminal procedures, rights of due process, still = protected under law

1962 Engel v. Vitale Reciting prayer in school violated 1st amendment’s est. religion clause

1963 Gideon v. Wainwright 6th amendment right to attorney, requires state provide one for poor

1966 Miranda v. Arizona Established importance of informing accused of rights (Miranda Rights)

Key Court Cases 1969-2000Date Name of Case Why Decision is Important

1969 Tinker v. De Moines Independent Community School District

Established students’ rights to free speech, so long as it maintains safe school environment

1973 Roe v. Wade Women’s right to choose, right to privacy

1974 United States v. Nixon Limits power of presidential “executive power”

1985 New Jersey v. T.L.O 4th---prohibits unreasonable search/seizure is applied to school officials, but allowed when reasonable grounds

2000 Bush v. Gore Exercised power of Supreme Court to settle election dispute between 2 presidential candidates

Regents Review

Friday: Day 5Review HW Questions

Industrialization, Progressivism, and Imperialism

Progressive Movement:To fix the problems of industrialization, as well as

issues of government corruption & farmers’ problems

Problems in the US after the Civil War

Progressive Reforms

Progressive Presidents Teddy Roosevelt & The

Square DealWilliam Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson and the

Fair Deal

“Trust Buster”Meat Inspection ActPure Food and Drug ActProtection of natural resources/parks

Trust Busting…but very unpopular>His policies led to TR running in the 1912 election under the “Bull-Moose” party, splitting the Republican vote Democrat Wilson wins!

Increased gov regulation of businessChild Labor LawsMin WageWomen’s Rights19th AmendmentInitiative, referendum, recall increased people’s participation in govCreated Fed Reserve manage monetary policy

Reasons FOR & AGAINST Imperialism

FOR AGAINSTResourcesInfluenceWealthMoral reason

Anti-democraticIsolationism is better

Spanish American War: War fought because Spain in violation of Monroe Doctrine, abusing Cubans, Yellow Journalism, Explosion of USS MainePlatt Amendment: Made Cuba a US protectorateColonial Acquisitions: Puerto Rico, Guan, Philippines

Monroe Doctrine & the Roosevelt CorollaryMonroe Doctrine Says: That US will stay out of Euro affairs if Europe stays out of Western Hem (Latin America)Roosevelt Corollary says: But the US can get involved in Latin America

Roosevelt's "Big Stick" Policy: The showing of force, threat of force is just as/more affective than use of forceOpen Door Policy: that China should be OPEN to all for trade

Panama Canal• Advantages of leasing this canal for to US for Panama• Panama gained independence from Columbia• Advantages US gets out of canal: faster and cheaper

trade, plus profits for canal toll

Taft and Dollar Diplomacy• allowed for private banks to loan $$ to Latin American

countries (i.e. Nicaragua), increasing the power and influence of banks (very un-progressive)

Woodrow Wilson and Missionary Diplacy• Missionary Diplomacy says: it is the responsibility of civilized

countries to civilize the “barbaric” parts of the world• World War I: Why do we get involved?? Zimmerman Note,

explosion of the Louisitania, imperial territories abroad, German unrestricted sub-warfare