Reformation Ideas SpreadChapter 1 Section 4

I. Explosion of Protestant Sects

• Lutherans , Calvinists• Radicals–Ana Baptists• Their ideas–Most were peaceful»Religiously tolerant»Separation of Church and State

–Rejected infant baptism–Abolished private property

II. The English Reformation

• Henry VIII– King of England (1509-1547)– Known as the “Defender of the Faith”– Problems that arose• First wife–Catherine of Aragon–Married 18 Years–1 child, a girl, Mary

• Henry wants a son• Requests an annulment from the Pope–The pope refuses

• Church of England– Henry takes control of the church in England and

creates the Church of England or, Anglican Church– Church allows divorce– His marriage is annulled, and he marries Anne

Boleyn• She gives birth to Elizabeth

• The other wives of Henry1.His third wife, Jane Seymour would bare him a

son, but died shortly after.2.Of the three after her, one was divorced,

another executed, and the sixth was widowed

• Religious Turmoil–Henry dies in 1547– Edward VI takes over• 9 years old• Devout Protestant• The Book of Common Prayer–Became required readings for church

services–Sparked some uprisings

• Edward dies in 1553

• Bloody Mary– Daughter of Catherine of Aragon– Devout Catholic– Changes the official religion of England to Catholicism– Murdered hundreds of Protestants with the charge of

heresy• Elizabeth I– Becomes Queen in 1558• Daughter of Anne Boleyn• Compromised between Protestants and Catholics• England becomes a mostly Protestant Nation

II. Catholic Reformation

• Led by Pope Paul III• It is also known as the Counter-reformation• Council of Trent– Established the direction the reform should take– Council met for almost 20 years– The Final Decree• Salvation comes from both good works and faith• Belief in Purgatory• Stopped corruption

– Indulgences

• The Inquisition–Church Court•Used torture and execution• Created The Index of Forbidden Books–These books were considered immoral

for Catholics to read

• The Jesuits– Founded by Ignatius Loyola– The Society of Jesus• Embarked on defending and spreading

the Catholic Church• Used education

III. Widespread Persecution

• Witch Hunts–Happened between 1450 and 1750• Victims–Mostly women»Old»Single

• Persecution–Due to the accusation of the use of magic