The Reform Impulse,1820-The Reform Impulse,1820-1860 1860

By: Shauntel Jones , Tamera By: Shauntel Jones , Tamera Golk , Ashton KirkGolk , Ashton Kirk

What was the most What was the most important reform important reform

during this period?during this period?

As regional economies As regional economies helped shape the growing helped shape the growing nation a national desire to nation a national desire to improve society and the lives improve society and the lives of . Americans grew during of . Americans grew during the first half of the 1800sthe first half of the 1800s

Reform Origins, EconomicReform Origins, Economic

EconomicEconomic

1).1). IndustrializationIndustrialization

2). Cities2). Cities

3). Expansion3). Expansion

4). New Markets4). New Markets

5).5). ManufacturingManufacturing

Early FactoriesEarly FactoriesAmerican System of American System of

ManufacturingManufacturing-Mass production-Mass production-Interchangeable-Interchangeable-Water power-Water power

Lowell Mill GirlsLowell Mill Girls-Lowell, Mass-Lowell, Mass-Wages-Wages-1820-1830s-1820-1830s

Transportation RevolutionTransportation Revolution

--Canals Canals

-Steam Engine-Steam Engine

-Movement & -Movement & changechange

Erie CanalErie Canal,, 18251825

Lake Erie to Lake Erie to AlbanyAlbany

Railroads, Railroads, 18601860

-Expansion, -Expansion, mobilitymobility

-Markets-Markets

-Information-Information

-Time-Time

-Production-Production

-Lower Cost-Lower Cost

-Employment-Employment

Social CostsSocial Costs

ImmigrationImmigration WagesWages Pushed off Pushed off

landland CompetitionCompetition PovertyPoverty EnvironmentEnvironment InequalityInequality

Religious ReformReligious Reform

1. 1. 22ndnd Great Great AwakeningAwakening

2. 2. Charles G. FinneyCharles G. Finney 3. Self control3. Self control

4. Anti-Materialism4. Anti-Materialism

5. Work5. Work

6. 6. TemperanceTemperance

The Beecher FamilyThe Beecher Family (Harriet, Henry, Lyman)(Harriet, Henry, Lyman)

TemperanceTemperance CrimeCrime PovertyPoverty ProstitutionProstitution SlaverySlavery StabilityStability ““AmericanizeAmericanize

””

American Temperance American Temperance Society, 1826Society, 1826

-Domestic-Domestic

ViolenceViolence

-Poverty -Poverty

-Persuasion-Persuasion

-Self control-Self control

Other Reform Other Reform MovementsMovements

----InstitutionsInstitutions: jails, insane : jails, insane asylums, schools, hospitalsasylums, schools, hospitals

----UtopiasUtopias:: ShakersShakers

Oneida CommunityOneida Community

Abolition Abolition (pg. 380)(pg. 380)

American American Colonization Colonization SocietySociety -1817-1817

-Africa: Liberia-Africa: Liberia

-Separate races-Separate races

-Under 2,000-Under 2,000

David David WalkerWalker

--1829--1829

----Appeal to the Appeal to the Colored Citizens of Colored Citizens of the Worldthe World

-- -- “America is more “America is more our country, than it our country, than it is the whites…” is the whites…”

William Lloyd GarrisonWilliam Lloyd Garrison

-Massachusetts printer-Massachusetts printer

--The LiberatorThe Liberator,, 1831 1831

--New England Anti-New England Anti-Slavery SocietySlavery Society

-Immediate abolition-Immediate abolition

-Total Equality-Total Equality

American Anti-Slavery American Anti-Slavery SocietySociety

Philadelphia 1838Philadelphia 1838 Bi-racialBi-racial WomenWomen Mass printingMass printing Horrors of slaveryHorrors of slavery

Frederick DouglasFrederick Douglas

-Born 1818 Maryland-Born 1818 Maryland

-1838 escaped slavery-1838 escaped slavery

-1845 -1845 Narrative…Narrative…

-Founded -Founded The North The North StarStar

-Pro-constitution-Pro-constitution

-Advisor to Pres. -Advisor to Pres. LincolnLincoln

Sojourner TruthSojourner Truth

Born 1787 NYBorn 1787 NY Escaped slavery one Escaped slavery one

year before year before abolishedabolished

Preacher, speakerPreacher, speaker Women’s rights Women’s rights

within the abolition within the abolition movementmovement

Died 1883Died 1883

Evolution of Women’s Evolution of Women’s RightsRights

-“Female roles” -“Female roles”

-Children and the -Children and the poorpoor

-Church based-Church based

-Influence public-Influence public

-Organize-Organize

-Discrimination -Discrimination in Abolition in Abolition mvmntmvmnt

-American -American Female Reform Female Reform Society, 1839Society, 1839

-Sexual -Sexual inequalityinequality

-Education, work-Education, work

Women’s rightsWomen’s rights

-Women=slaves-Women=slaves

-Constitution rights-Constitution rights

-Equality-Equality

-Property-Property

-Children-Children

--Grimke’ SistersGrimke’ Sisters

--Lucretia Mott Lucretia Mott

Seneca Falls ConventionSeneca Falls Convention

-New York, 1848-New York, 1848

-1-1stst national national conventionconvention

-Declaration of Rights -Declaration of Rights and Sentimentsand Sentiments

-Equality-Equality

-Vote-Vote

Susan B. AnthonySusan B. Anthony

-Quaker, single-Quaker, single

-Speaker-Speaker

Elizabeth Cady Elizabeth Cady StantonStanton

-Married-Married

-Writer-Writer

-Middle-upper class-Middle-upper class

Conclusions, @ 1850sConclusions, @ 1850s

-Market Revolution-Market Revolution

-Industrial Expansion-Industrial Expansion

-Transportation-Transportation

-Reform Movements -Reform Movements

-Temperance-Temperance

-Abolition-Abolition

-Women’s Rights-Women’s Rights