reflexiones sobre innovación tecnología y generación de empresas
DESCRIPTION
Exposición del PhD. Anil Kumar Gupta, Professor of Indian Institute of Management, respecto al tema “Reflexiones sobre Innovación, Tecnología y Generación de Empresas” en la Primera Sesión Extraordinaria de la Comisión de Ciencia, Innovación y Tecnología. 17.OCT.2013.TRANSCRIPT
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Minds on the margin are not
marginal minds
Surpassing expectations
Of People by
Learning from them
anil k gupta
IIMA, NIF, honey bee network,
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monitoring context changes the content
Let us recognise potential of knowledge rich-economically poor people
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Innovations are easy
Method
Old New
Old Application New
Old Material/instruments new
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A Lesson for learners
A change not monitored is a change not desired (g, 1984)
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Honey Bee Network founded in 1987-1988
A nameless, faceless innovator comes into contact with the Network and gets an
identity.
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Intellectual
capital
Ethical Capital
( internal regulations)
Social capital Trust, reciprocity and third part sanctions
External regulation
Intellectual property ( that part of ic from the
commercial applications of which,
one can exclude others for a
given period of time)
Natural
capital
( commoditization of
resources, stored,
sold, exchanged,
controlled) Source: Gupta, 2001
Building upon four capitals for sustaining innovations
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CREATING open source PUBLIC STANDARDS OF EXCELLENCE
Patamda, Puruliya –bankura
shodhyatra
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Meghalaya
Technology is like words, institutions
are like
grammar and
culture is like
thesaurus
Three pillars of sustainability
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A public innovation for public use: Jharkhand
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Service at your door step: Sheikh Jahangir, Jalgaon, Maharshtra
Fortune at the Top of Ethical and Innovation Pyramid
Scooter mounted flour mill Scooterbased washing machine
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learning from common people: Saidullah, champaran, Bihar
Blending
love, learning and loving
learning love
living
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Solutions for the poor and the rich, by the poor: but this is not Jugaad,
Non stick clay pan: Rs 60 /= Mansukh Bhai Prajapati, Surendra Nagar, Gujarat
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Mansukhbhai : Mitticool Product Range
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Automated Circular Kiln that Mansukhbhai made specially for the baking tawas and diyas
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Low Cost Wind mill Mehtar Hussain and Mushtaq Ahmad, Assam Over 35 units installed in salt farming regions of Gujarat to improve livelihood of poor salt farmers
Innovation by Mehtar Husain and his brother Mushtaq Ahmed from Assam to Gujarat
Several African countries have shown interest to get this technology
Just 70 Euro
Stronger, durable version, 900 euro, saves diesel worth 700 euro in one season of salt making
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Innovations and traditional
knowledge
Investment Enterprise
GOLDEN TRIANGLE OF CREATIVITY
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Mind to market: the case of herbavate
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Herbvate: a skin ointment
• It is based on the knowledge of seven innovators from six districts Sabarkanth, Panchmahal, Dang, Mahsana, Patan and Bhavnagar of Gujarat. Herbavate exhibits remarkable properties against eczema and variety of inflammatory and infectious skin conditions.
Communities: The innovators of Herbavate: 1. Amratbhai Shankarbhai Rawal, Mehsana Gujarat. 2. Kunjubhai Kakadiyabhai Bhoya, Dang Gujarat 3. Pujabhai Dabhi, Sabarkantha, Gujarat 4. Karshanbhai Parmar, Sabarkantha Gujarat 5. Laxmanbhai Pagi, Panchmahal, Gujarat 6. Lilabhai Rawal, Patan Gujarat 7. Lakhabhai Becharbhai Khatana, Bhavnagar Gujarat
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g2G
grassroots to global Global GIAN – Building Global Value
Chain for augmentation of Green
Grassroots Innovations
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Sales made
1. Coconut tree climber- USA (Florida, Massachussets, California, Hawaii etc.) Australia, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Mexico, West Indies
2. Pomegranate deseeder-Turkey, USA
3. Garlic peeling machine-Pakistan
4. Arecanut husker- Singapore
5. Milking machine-Phillipines, Uganda, Ethiopia
6. Resin grading machine-Peru
7. Cassava peeling machine-kenya
8. Herbal growth promoters-Ghana
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Product enquiries:
Sl no. Innovation/product Countires
1 Coconut/palm tree climbing device USA, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Australia, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Iran, West Indies
2 Entech oil expeller USA, United Kingdom, Australia, Phillipines, Canada, Kenya, Colombia, S. Africa, Switzerland, Poland, Indonesia, Belgium
3 Garlic peeling machine Slovenia, USA, Turkey, Peru, Singapore, Iran , Venezuela, Pakistan
4 Pomegranate deseeding machine USA, Australia, Turkey, Venezuela, Hongkong, Israel, Netherlands, Thailand, UAE, Iran, United Kingdom
5 Cassava peeling machine Congo, USA, Benin, Nigeria, Kenya, UAE, Uganda
6 Aaruni tilting cart Uganda
7 Coconut defibring machine China
8 Coconut dehusker Mexico, New Zealand, USA, Philippines, Bangladesh
9 Lemon cutting machine S. Africa
10 Milking machine Bangladesh, Uganda, Ecuador
11 Palm leaf mat weaving machine Fiji
12 Rain Gun (Chandraprabha) Sudan
13 Tea making machine Bangladesh,
14 Tile making machine Bangladesh, Kenya, Rwanda, Ghana, Zambia
15 Trench digging machine Pakistan
16 Zero head water turbine Egypt
17 Arecanut dehusking machine Chile
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The President of India honours grassroots innovators, launches National Innovation Clubs and hosts an innovation exhibition at the President’s house; NIF becomes an Institute of Department of Science and Technology
Initiative to Institutionalisation
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The former President awards children innovators every year at the IGNITE Award function by NIF at IIMA Initiative to Institutionalisation
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Education
EDUCATION
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Educational Innovation
Why do we not have a database of teachers in government schools who
have achieved all the goals of quality education without any extrinsic reward or motivation?
Why have we not included any lesson based on innovations by common people in the textbooks for schools and colleges?
Why is there no social innovation fund to invest in educational innovations by teachers?
Why do we not have an open access multi-media, multi language database of open source content for our children?
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National Innovation Clubs:
• Search: Celebrating the decade of innovation by mapping the creativity and innovations in the hinterland
• Spread: Disseminating/Cross-pollinating innovations across spaces, social segments and sectors
• Sense or Benchmark: Identifying the roots of persistent problems and the mindsets that trigger their continued tolerance in society and solve problem, add value and develop product/service
• Celebrate: Recognising achievers in different social segments
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Name of Product Sristi Rakshak
Innovator Shri Banidan Mavjibhai Gadhvi
Shri Arkhiben Mithabhai Vanakar
Shri Ranabhai Gigabhai Kamaliya
Shri Rajanikant Keshabhai Patel
Shri Ahemadbhai Daudbhai KadiwalaShri Gemalsingh Rana
Shri Karshanbhai Manajibhai Chaudhary
Name of Product Sristi Krushak
Innovator Shri Popatbhai Rupabhai Jambucha
Shri Dhirubhai Bhemabhai Nayak
Shri Salvi Swetha Reddy
Shri Naranbhai Samjibhai Solanki
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Name of the Product Sristi Mosq HitInnovator Community Knowledge
Composition
Nagod (Vitex negundo )
Camphora (Cinnamomum camphora )
Bavchi (Posrelia Carylifolia )
Cream base
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Neutraceutical cookies
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Some Lessons
• Lesson one: Problem is not innovation, but lack of attention to the emerging ideas.
• Lesson two: Scaling up is important but long tail of innovation is even more important
• Lesson three: Benchmarking the need and delivery gaps
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• Lesson four: Investing in risky ideas when they are still hazy is the key to entrepreneurial future
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Learning platforms: from concrete to abstract
• 1. Artefactual - as a replication of solution level
• 2. Analogically - metaphor to inspire
• 3. Heuristically - as a model or principle
• 4. gestalt - configurational level
• Gupta, 2012, Own complilation
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Some leaves from the lives of public adm innovators
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Karnataka Sakala Services Act
2011
Sakala means “in time” - Name, Logo, Slogan were proposed by Citizens.
SAKALA – No More Delays…We Deliver on Time
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Most sought after services Department SERVICE most sought
(cumulative)
TOTAL NO. OF GSC DISPOSALS
Revenue All types of Caste & Income Certificate 7916942
Transport Learning Licence 810841
Urban Issue of Birth, Still Birth and Death Certificates
362141
Food Modification in Existing Ration Card 751322
Home Receipt and Disposal of Petitions 229014
Commercial Tax Issue of form C Declaration 1284627
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Call Centre • A bridge b/w citizens & Government (8 am to 6 pm all working
days)
• Single no. for the State - 080- 4455 4455.
• Over 3 CRORES calls received so far. About 98 per cent request were serviced with in time
• So far 865 Sakala & 1750 Non Sakala complaints received .
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Learning from multiple sources, levels, and channels:
Future sources of learning, creativity and innovation would not be
restricted to formal boundaries of organisations.
Polycentric Learning from multiple sources, levels, and channels:
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Creating networks:
No one organization is likely to possess sufficient information or knowledge to enable it to achieve its goals
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Emerging Models of innovations
• New models of innovations:
a) Building upon what disadvantaged people are rich in: inability to live with problems unsolved –overcoming inertia
b) Empathetic innovations: samvedana se srijansheelta, kho kho model of innovation ( innovation relay )
c) Going beyond long tail, long nose of innovations to turbulent innovations
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Models of innovations:
d) Inverted model of innovations: children invent, engineers fabricate, and companies commercialize
e) Pooling of distributed ideas for innovation and experimentation : uncommon from common
f) distributed mind management: www.techpedia.in, transcending the limits of frugality
g) Moving blackboards: learning from unexpected quarters
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Curiosity is thy nature, indifference is ours?????????
How can we scout innovative ideas from kids , tech students, informal sector and professional individuals?
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Nisha Chaube NOIDA Bag with folding seat
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Arnab from, West Bengal
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Arnab, west bengal
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Mohammed Usman Hanif Patel, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, class two
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www.techpedia.in
• recently a new initiative techpedia.in, (a portal by SRISTI ( sristi.org) pooling 104,000 engineering projects by 350k students from over 500 institutions) etc., engaging with youth in the one of the youngest country
•
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Shanu sharma: vardan, iitk
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raghunath p Lohar
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Image, Speech Recognition and Speech Synthesis for
deaf and dumb to talk to normal people
Saurabh Saket and Rahul Ranjan , Bhutta College of Engineering & Technology, Ludhiana
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Has any big company given you fridge that also gives you hot water, keeps food warm and consumes less electricity
Lpg gas based refrigerator Chintan, mayank, biren Mehsana
Hot water from fridge Dhruv Mehsana
Exhaust pipe cools drivers cabin ` coep pune
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Innovations and traditional
knowledge
Investment Enterprise
GOLDEN TRIANGLE OF CREATIVITY
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Take away
Finally, innovations are imperative, inclusion is inevitable and inertia is intolerable
Seeds of impatience will thrive in the soil of sustainable
experimentation we need Circular economy, social and ethical capital and
entrepreneurial mindset Begin with past perfect to build credibility rather than future
indefinite Grassroots innovation can transform, policy transformation can
energize and open innovation models can connect
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Agenda for action:
• Educational innovation: recognizing innovative teachers, open source content for children, linking students with msme and informal sector
• Social innovation fund, culture of and in creativity, redesigning District Innovation Fund,
• Spending an hour a week with achievers of your department, learning and sharing
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• Inclusive Innovation Fund needs to be set up for investing in young start ups
• Every organization can harness creativity and innovation from with-in, but more importantly from outside—crowd sourcing
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• Each person can be an innovator, unlock the locks we have put in place ourselves
• Distributed knowledge is a reality: why not reciprocate idea givers better
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Creativity counts
Knowledge matters
Innovations transform
Incentives inspire ( not just individual, but also collective, not just
material, but also non-material)
the Honey Bee Network is yours !
For rewarding indigenous creativity and innovation
www.techpedia.in, www.sristi.org, www.nif.org.in